腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除

电视腹腔镜手术是九十年代外科学的巨大变革。自1987年法国人首创腹腔镜胆囊切除以来,短短几年中就已发展到腹部各种脏器的切除,深受患者的好评。我科自1995年8月份起开展腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除,在气腹和非气腹状态下进行,采用缝切和微波凝固切肝方法,切除肝癌2例,肝血管瘤2例。我们体会到腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除具有损伤小、恢复快等优点,对边缘型肝肿瘤可选用。在非气腹状态下加用小切口使用常规手术器械,可大大降低手术费用。但腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除手术难度大,费时,需具有肝脏切除的丰富经验才可实施。国内外开展腹腔镜肝切除手术较少见。随着腹腔镜手术器械的更新发明和技术的进步,腹腔镜肝切除一定会发展起来。     

腹腔镜肝切除应用体会

目的探讨腹腔镜在肝脏手术中应用的可行性。方法8例原发性肝癌，9例肝海绵状血管瘤，3例肝局限性增生结节，4例肝内胆管结石，1例肝脂肪瘤，1例肝脏多发性肉芽肿。在全气腹状态下行肝叶、段切除术。结果所有病例均获得成功，无中转开放手术。手术时间60-240min，平均120min。术中出血50-800ml，平均490ml。术后恢复顺利，无胆漏、出血等并发症，住院时间为3～15d，平均9d。随访3～24个月，平均18个月，肝内胆管结石病人手术后1个月胆道镜检查，无结石残留，肝癌病人1例手术后6个月复发，手术后10个月死亡。结论应用腹腔镜进行肝脏手术是安全、有效、不需输血或少输血，且创伤小、恢复快、住院时间短，可有效减少并发症。     

腹腔镜联合特殊仪器切除肝肿瘤的配合

腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除是腹腔镜手术中难度较大的手术之一,易发生出血和胆漏.我院1995年8月～2004年6月施行腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除术17例,均获成功.现将其手术的配合体会报道如下.     

手助腹腔镜大肝肿瘤切除86例

目的探讨手助腹腔镜大肝肿瘤切除的可行性和安全性。方法对病变位于肝外周部位(Ⅱ～Ⅵ段)且直径5cm的86例大肝肿瘤患者,采用手助腹腔镜行规则或不规则性肝切除术。其中肝细胞癌56例,肝内胆管细胞癌3例,肝海绵状血管瘤23例,肝转移性鳞癌、肝局灶性结节增生、肝囊腺瘤和肝梭形细胞瘤各1例。结果 86例手助腹腔镜肝切除术均获得成功,肝左外叶切除41例,左半肝切除8例,不规则性肝切除37例,术中52例行肝门阻断,平均阻断时间为14.5min,平均手术时间为109min,平均出血量为112ml,瘤体直径平均为8.3cm,术后无严重并发症发生,平均住院日为7.9d。结论只要病例选择得当,手助腹腔镜大肝肿瘤切除术是安全可行的。     

腹腔镜肝切除30例

目的探讨腹腔镜肝切除的安全性和可行性。方法对病变位于肝脏外周部位(Ⅱ～Ⅵ段)的30例病人，肝细胞癌11例，肝内胆管细胞癌2例，转移性肝癌1例，肝囊腺癌2例，肝血管瘤6例，肝腺瘤2例、肝局灶性结节增生2例，肝内胆管结石4例。采用全气腹下、手助下、辅助下行腹腔镜肝切除术。结果30例腹腔镜下肝切除均获得成功，肝不规则切除18例，规则性肝叶(段)切除12例，平均手术时间为97min，平均出血量220ml，术后无严重并发症发生，术后平均住院日为8d。结论腹腔镜肝切除是安全可行的，特别是应用手助或辅助肝切除，降低手术难度，有效控制出血，缩短手术时间，是值得选择的微创肝切除方式。     

腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝肿瘤的临床研究

目的探讨腹腔镜肝切除(LH)的临床应用价值及其对机体免疫功能的影响。方法选择符合纳入标准的45例行肝切除患者随机分入LH组和开腹肝切除(OH)组。比较两组患者的平均切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后进食时间、术后止痛药的用量、术后住院天数、有无并发症、围手术期体温变化及血象的变化。结果 LH组在切口长度、出血量、进食时间、术后止痛药用量、术后住院时间及围手术期体温均明显少于OH组(均P<0.05),两组手术时间相仿,均无严重并发症(P<0.05)。结论在病例选择适当时,腹腔镜肝切除术安全、可行、临床效果确切,对机体免疫影响小,近期疗效明显优于开腹手术。     

腹腔镜肝切除研究进展

开腹肝切除一直是肝脏良恶性病变的有效治疗方式.但开腹肝切除手术创伤大,术后并发症多.如何降低肝脏手术创伤也是摆在肝脏外科医师面前的一道难题.腹腔镜技术的兴起为肝脏外科医师提供了一条途径.但腹腔镜肝切除技术尚未成熟,本文就有关腹腔镜肝切除的相关情况进行综述.     

腹腔镜肝切除30例

目的　探讨腹腔镜肝切除的安全性和可行性。方法　对病变位于肝脏外周部位(Ⅱ~Ⅵ段)的30例病人,肝细胞癌11例,肝内胆管细胞癌2例,转移性肝癌1例,肝囊腺癌2例,肝血管瘤6例,肝腺瘤2例、肝局灶性结节增生2 例,肝内胆管结石 4 例。采用全气腹下、手助下、辅助下行腹腔镜肝切除术。结果　30例腹腔镜下肝切除均获得成功,肝不规则切除 18 例,规则性肝叶(段)切除12例,平均手术时间为97 min,平均出血量220 ml,术后无严重并发症发生,术后平均住院日为 8 d。结论　腹腔镜肝切除是安全可行的,特别是应用手助或辅助肝切除,降低手术难度,有效控制出血,缩短手术时间,是值得选择的微创肝切除方式。     

腹腔镜肝切除手术的临床应用

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除技术在临床应用的安全性及其技术难点.方法 回顾性分析2017年12月～2019年12月我院腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝肿瘤患者65例,统计本组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肝功能恢复情况及术后短期并发症数据.结果 本组手术时间平均为(275.3±42.6)min,术中平均出血量为(627.2±52.7)ml,有...     

腹腔镜与开腹大范围肝切除治疗肝脏肿瘤的荟萃分析

目的:采用荟萃分析比较腹腔镜与开腹大范围肝切除治疗肝脏肿瘤的近期疗效及安全性。方法:大范围肝切除术是≥3个肝段的肝切除手术。计算机检索至2014年6月的Pub Med、EMbase、Cochrane、CBM、CNKI、万方、维普数据库相关文献,收集并比较两种方式治疗肝脏肿瘤的临床对照研究。采用Rev Man5.2软件对数据行荟萃分析。结果:未获得随机对照试验,纳入7项临床同期对照试验,共863例(腹腔镜组275例,开腹组588例)。荟萃分析结果显示:腹腔镜大范围肝切除术中出血量[加权均数差(weight mean difference,WMD)为-158.38 m L,95%CI:-233.81~-82.96,P     

Laparoscopic liver resection: results for 70 patients

Background Laparoscopy is slowly becoming an established technique for liver resection. This procedure still is limited to centers with experience in both hepatic and laparoscopic surgery. Preliminary reports include mainly minor resections for benign liver conditions and show some advantage in terms of postoperative recovery. The authors report their experience with laparoscopic liver resection, the evolution of the technique, and the results. Methods From 1999 to 2006, 70 laparoscopic liver resections were performed using a procedure similar to resection by laparotomy. Results There were 38 malignant tumors (54%) and 32 benign lesions (46%). The malignant tumors were mainly hepatocellular carcinomas (19 of 24 patients had cirrhosis). The tumor mean size was 3.8 ± 1.9 cm (range, 2.2–8 cm). There were 19 major hepatectomies, 34 uni- or bisegmentomies, and 17 atypical resections. The operative time was 227 ± 109 min. Conversion to laparotomy was required for seven patients (10%), mainly for continuous bleeding during transection. Nine patients (13%) required blood transfusion. One patient had both brisk bleeding and gas embolism from a tear in the section line of the right hepatic vein requiring laparoscopic suture. Blood loss and transfusion requirements were significantly lower in recent than in early cases and in resections with prior vascular control than in those without such control. Postoperative complications were experienced by 11 patients (16%), including one bleed from the hepatic stump requiring hemostasis and two subphrenic collections requiring percutaneous drainage. One cirrhotic patient died of liver failure after resection of a partially ruptured tumor. No ascites was observed in other cirrhotic patients. The mean hospital stay was 5.9 days. Conclusion The study results confirm that laparoscopic liver resection, including major hepatectomies, can be safely performed by laparoscopy. Presented at the 2006 Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Meeting, Dallas, Texas, 26–29 April 2006     

28例转移性肝癌腹腔镜肝切除术

目的 总结转移性肝癌的腹腔镜肝切除术经验.方法 对1999-2006年度布里斯班医院所实施的转移性肝癌腹腔镜肝切除术病人进行回顾性研究.结果 经病理证实的28例转移性肝癌病人进行了腹腔镜肝切除,13例进行左肝外侧叶切除,9例进行了右半肝切除,其余6例行肝段或不规则切除.追踪随访12例由直结肠转移的转移性肝癌病人2年存活率和无瘤生存率分别为75%和67%.结论 在严格选择过的恶性肿瘤病人中行腹腔镜肝切除术是安全可行的.对病人要有适当的分期,术者需具丰富的开腹肝切除术经验和腹腔镜操作技能.     

Laparoscopic liver resection: experience of 53 procedures at a single center

Background/Purpose The short-term outcome following laparoscopic liver resection at a single center is presented.Methods Fifty-three procedures were carried out in 47 patients, between August 1998 and April 2004 (6 patients were resected on two occasions). A previous laparotomy and/or hepatectomy had been done in 83% and 26% of the procedures, respectively. Colorectal metastasis was the main indication for treatment (42/53). A total laparoscopic approach was applied.Results Three of the 53 (6%) procedures were converted to laparotomy. In one additional procedure, radiofrequency ablation was done instead of resection. Sixty liver resections were done during the 49 procedures completed laparoscopically as planned (9 patients had concomitant resections performed). Nonanatomic (45/60) and anatomic (15/60; left lobectomies) resections were done. Tumor tissue was found in the resection margins of 6% of the specimens. The free margin was very short in 8% of the specimens. The morbidity was 16%. There was no mortality. Blood transfusions were given following 26% of the procedures. The median hospital stay was 3.5 days (range, 1–14 days) and the median number of days on which there was a need for opioids was 1 (range, 0–11 days).Conclusions Laparoscopic liver resection can be performed safely and seems to offer short-term benefits to the patients. Randomized studies are required to further evaluate the potential benefits of this treatment.     

Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma

Background Single, small hepatocarcinomas (HCC) are still an indication for partial liver resection in patients ineligible for transplantation. Anatomical resections are recommended for oncological reasons. The mini-invasive approach of laparoscopy should minimize hepatic and parietal injury, thereby decreasing the risk of liver failure and ascites. However, the oncological results of this approach and its presumed benefits remain undemonstrated. We evaluated the short- and midterm results of laparoscopic liver resections for HCC. Methods Between 1999 and 2006, we performed 32 laparoscopic liver resections for HCC. Mean tumor size was 3.8 ± 2 cm and the mean age of the patients was 65 ± 11 years. Twenty-two patients had cirrhosis (21 Child A and one Child C). Operative and postoperative results were analyzed, together with recurrence and survival rates. Results We carried out 13 unisegmentectomies, nine bisegmentectomies, one trisegmentectomy, two right hepatectomies, one left hepatectomy, and six atypical resections. The duration of the operation was 231 ± 101 minutes. Conversion to laparotomy was required in three patients (9%), none in emergency situations. Mean blood loss was 461 ml, with five patients (15.6%) requiring blood transfusion. The mean surgical margin was 10.4 mm. One cirrhotic patient (Child C) underwent surgery for a partially ruptured tumor and died of liver failure. Two patients had ascites and no transient liver failure occurred in the other 19 cirrhotic patients. Mean hospital stay was 7.1 days. During a mean follow-up of 26 months, 10 patients (31%) presented recurrence within the liver. None of the patients had peritoneal carcinomatosis or trocar site recurrence. Three-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 71.9% and 54.5%, respectively. Conclusions Laparoscopic liver resection for HCC is feasible and well tolerated. Midterm survival and recurrence rates are similar to those after laparotomy.     

Laparoscopic hepatic resection

Background Although laparoscopy in general surgery is increasingly being performed, only recently has liver surgery been performed with laparoscopy. We critically review our experience with laparoscopic liver resections. Methods From January 2000 to April 2004, we performed laparoscopic hepatic resection in 16 patients with 18 hepatic lesions. Nine lesions were benign in seven patients (five hydatid cysts, three hemangiomas, and one simple cyst), five were malignant in five patients (five hepatocarcinoma), and four patients had an uncertain preoperative diagnosis (one suspected hemangioma and three suspected adenomas). The mean lesion size was 5.2 cm (range, 1–12). Twelve lesions were located in the left lobe, three were in segment VI, one was in segment V, one was in segment IV, and one was in the subcapsular part of segment VIII. Results The conversion rate was 6.2%; intraoperative bleeding requiring blood transfusions occurred in two patients. Mean operative time was 120 min. Mean hospital stay was 4 days (range, 2–7). There were no major postoperative complications and no mortality. Conclusions Hepatic resection with laparoscopy is feasible in malignant and benign hepatic lesions located in the left lobe and anterior inferior right lobe segments (IV, V, and VI). Results are similar to those of the open surgical technique in carefully selected cases, although studies with large numbers of patients are necessary to drawn definite conclusions.     

Laparoscopic liver resections: A single center experience

Background Since the first report of laparoscopic liver resection, by Gagner et al. 1992, an increasing number of small prospective studies have been published. They have shown encouraging results for the feasibility and safety of the procedure. This paper prospectively evaluated the results of a single center’s experience with elective liver resections.Methods From January 1995 to January 2004 a prospective study of laparoscopic liver resections was undertaken in 31 patients with preoperative diagnosis of benign lesions (13 cases, 42.4%), hepatocellular carcinoma in absence of complicated cirrhosis (three cases, 9.1%), and liver metastases (15 cases, 45.5%). Mean tumor size was 34.9 mm (range 10–100 mm).Results The procedures included 11 (37.9%) major hepatectomies and 21 (62.1%) minor resections (one patient was submitted to repeat laparoscopic liver resection) . There were three conversions to open. Mean blood loss was 210 ml (range 0–700 ml). Mean operative time was 115 min (range 45–210 min). There were no deaths and no reoperations for complications. No port-site metastases occurred in patients with malignant lesions.Conclusions Laparoscopic liver resections, including major hepatectomies, are feasible and safe. Major and posterior resections are difficult, though, and conventional surgery remains an option.     

Laparoscopic liver resection: a systematic review

Background  Outcomes of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) are not clarified. The objective of this article is to depict the state of the art of LLR by means of a systematic review of the literature. Methods  Studies about LLR published before September 2008 were identified and their results summarized. Results  Indications for laparoscopic hepatectomy do not differ from those for open surgery. Technical feasibility is the only limiting factor. Bleeding is the major intraoperative concern, but, if managed by an expert surgeon, do not worsen outcomes. Hand assistance can be useful in selected cases to avoid conversion. Patient selection must take both tumor location and size into consideration. Potentially good candidates are patients with peripheral lesions requiring limited hepatectomy or left lateral sectionectomy; their outcomes, including reduced blood loss, morbidity, and hospital stay, are better than those of their laparotomic counterparts. The same advantages have been observed in cirrhotics. Laparoscopic major hepatectomies and resections of postero-superior segments need further evaluation. The results of LLR in cancer patients seem to be similar to those obtained with the laparotomic approach, especially in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, but further analysis is required. Conclusions  Laparoscopic liver resection is safe and feasible. The laparoscopic approach can be recommended for peripheral lesions requiring limited hepatectomy or left lateral sectionectomy. Preliminary oncological results suggest non-inferiority of laparoscopic to laparotomic procedures.     

Results of laparoscopic liver resection: retrospective study of 68 patients

Background  Although an increasing number of reports and publications have dealt with the laparoscopic approach to liver resection, this procedure remains uncommon, and its feasibility, safety and effectiveness are still not established. There are few reports of the advantages of this approach on postoperative recovery. Methods  From December 1997 to March 2007, laparoscopic hepatic resection were performed in 68 patients. Results  There were 52 malignant tumors (36 hepatocellular carcinomas, three intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, one cystadenocarcinoma, liver metastases from ten colorectal carcinomas and two other organs) and 16 benign lesions among our 68 patients. Fifteen patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had cirrhosis. The mean tumor size was 3.1 ± 1.8 cm (range 1.0–14.0 cm), and the tumors were located in every liver segment except segment I. Liver resection was anatomical in 17 patients and consisted of a lobectomy in four patients and a lateral segmentectomy in 13 patients. Non-anatomical resections were performed in 51 patients. The operative time was 214 ± 93 min. Mean blood loss was 393 ± 564 g. A hand-assisted laparoscopic method or mini-laparotomy method was required in 35 patients (51.4%). Operative complications occurred mainly in our early cases and included three patients (4.4%) with operative bleeding, 2 of whom (2.9%) requiring a conversion to open surgery. Postoperative complications occurred in seven patients (10.0%), and two of then eventually required a re-operation. The mean hospital stay was 17 days. There were no complications in the more recent cases. Conclusions  The laparoscopic approach for liver tumors is feasible, if the indication is carefully selected. The safety of this procedure depends on the surgical experience of the surgeon and team and the availability of the necessary technology.     

腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术的临床体会

目的:探讨完全腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术的应用价值。方法:回顾分析为38例肝疾病患者施行腹腔镜下解剖性肝切除术的临床资料。结果:38例手术均获成功,其中左肝内胆管结石21例,肝癌15例,肝血管瘤1例,肝局灶性结节性增生1例。20例单纯行腹腔镜肝切除术(laparoscopic hepatectomy,LH),6例联合行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC),9例联合行胆总管切开探查术(laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE),3例联合行LC+LCBDE。解剖性肝切除术包括左外叶切除(Ⅱ+Ⅲ段)23例,左内叶切除(Ⅳ段)2例(左外叶已切除),左半肝切除(Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅳ段)9例,Ⅴ段切除3例,Ⅵ段切除1例。单纯解剖性肝切除术手术时间平均(170±20)min,联合LC时平均(190±27)min,联合LCBDE平均(220±45)min,联合LC+LCBDE平均(240±23)min。术中出血量平均(350±86)ml。术后无胆漏、出血等并发症发生。术后1～3 d肛门排气,5～11 d痊愈出院。随访36例6～24个月,除1例于术后1年因肿瘤复发转移死亡外,余者健在,无复发、转移,结石患者无再发。结论:腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术较好地解决了腹腔镜下肝段以上肝切除术的出血、气栓等问题,可安全用于肝段及半肝切除术,可在很大程度上取代开腹手术。     

九例腹腔镜解剖性肝Ⅷ段切除的可行性与策略分析

目的:探讨完全腹腔镜解剖性肝Ⅷ段切除的策略、安全性及近期疗效。方法:回顾分析湖南省人民医院2015年1月至2019年12月行腹腔镜解剖性肝Ⅷ段切除9例患者资料,其中男性6例,女性3例,年龄范围29～67岁,平均年龄53.6岁。观察手术时间、术中失血量、术后住院时间、术后并发症等指标。出院后随访生存和复发情况。结果:9例...