完全胸腔镜肺叶切除术诊治肺良性疾病50例分析

目的探讨完全电视胸腔镜(VATS)肺叶切除术在肺良性疾病诊断治疗中的应用价值。方法我科行肺良性疾病胸腔镜肺叶切除术50例。其中辅助小切口2例,全胸腔镜肺叶切除48例,术中送冰冻切片病理检查。结果全组无围手术期死亡,围手术期并发症3例(6%)。手术平均时间109 min;术中平均出血量89 ml;术后胸液平均268 ml;术后平均置管时间4.9天;术后平均住院时间6.7天。术后病理:炎性假瘤11例,肺结核球13例,肺囊肿7例,错构瘤2例,支气管扩张5例,硬化性血管瘤3例,曲霉菌病2例,肺隔离症3例,肺脓肿2例,腺瘤2例。结论胸腔镜肺叶切除手术可同时达到诊断和治疗肺良性疾病的目的,且具有创伤小,恢复快,切口美观等优点。     

全胸腔镜肺叶/肺段切除治疗肺癌112例

目的探讨全胸腔镜肺叶/肺段切除术治疗肺癌的效果及国产内镜器械的应用效能。方法将2009年1月至2012年12月全胸腔镜肺叶切除112例中的前后各56例分成两组,统计手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量、术中失血量、术后胸引量、带管时间、术后住院时间、疼痛评分、术后并发症、器械问题指标并进行对比。结果前后两组在手术时间、术中失血量、术后胸引量、术后住院天数、并发症差异显著,疼痛评分、医疗费用方面有统计学差异(P<0.05);淋巴结清扫数量和引流时间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。国产内镜器械和进口器械在使用中出现的相关问题差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全胸腔镜肺叶切除/肺段切除治疗肺癌,具有安全、快速、微创的优势。随着技术的提高和器械的改进,全胸腔镜肺叶手术技术将越来越适用于临床。国产内镜器械在使用上是安全的。     

胸腔镜肺叶切除术难点体会

目的 陈述对胸腔镜肺叶切除术难点的体会.方法 分析67例胸腔镜肺叶切除术手术切除经验,结合相关文献进行总结.结果 67例胸腔镜肺叶切除术中仅1例中转开胸.结论 目前胸腔镜肺叶切除技术已日趋成熟,逐步成为常规手术,较开胸有诸多优点,但亦有诸多难点.     

循证护理在单孔胸腔镜肺叶切除术的应用

正胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)相对于传统开胸具有创伤小、并发症少、恢复快等优势。2009年国内首次报道单操作孔胸腔镜肺叶切除术,单孔VATS不仅进一步减轻了手术创伤和术后疼痛,且切口更美观[1]。单孔VATS肺叶切除的创伤小也只是相对而言,由于手术患者病情各异,同样会出现各种并发症影响患者术后恢     

全胸腔镜解剖性肺段切除术在肺疾病治疗中的应用效果分析

目的分析全胸腔镜解剖性肺段切除术在肺疾病治疗中的应用效果。方法选择2012年3月—2014年5月在赣州市人民医院进行全胸腔镜解剖性肺段切除术治疗的21例肺疾病患者作为研究组,选择同期行全胸腔镜解剖性肺叶切除术治疗的98例肺疾病患者作为对照组,回顾性分析患者的临床资料,比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术中钉仓使用数量、引流时间、胸腔引流量、术后住院时间及术后第一秒用力呼气末容积(FEV1)/术前FEV1,并观察术后并发症发生情况。结果两组患者手术时间和引流时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);研究组患者术中出血量、术中钉仓使用数量及胸腔引流量少于对照组,术后住院时间短于对照组,术后FEV1/术前FEV1高于对照组(P0.05)。结论全胸腔镜解剖性肺段切除术治疗肺疾病的临床效果明显,能有效保护患者肺功能,缩短住院时间,且安全性良好。     

全电视胸腔镜下肺叶切除术治疗老年肺部疾病32例的疗效

目的探讨全电视胸腔镜下肺叶切除术(VATS)治疗老年肺部疾病的可行性和近期疗效。方法回顾分析2006年4月至2012年1月,采用不撑开肋骨,完全在电视胸腔镜下完成肺叶切除术的32例老年肺部疾病患者,同时行纵隔淋巴结清扫术,其中右肺上叶9例,左上叶2例,右中叶2例,左下叶11例,右下叶8例。结果全组32例手术时间75～170 min,平均(120±30)min。年龄60～78岁。术中出血200～1 600 ml,平均(400±150)ml。术后切口延期愈合2例。术后病理:腺癌17例,鳞癌5例,细支气管肺泡癌1例,转移性腺癌1例,鳞腺癌2例,慢性肺脓肿1例,肺隔离症2例,支气管扩张3例。结论 VATS肺叶切除术治疗肺部疾病创伤小,安全可行,术后并发症小,恢复快。对于年龄较大不能耐受开胸手术的肺部疾病患者提供了一次手术治疗机会;对于只能耐受肺局部切除的老年患者,提供了可以耐受肺叶切除的根治性治疗机会。     

胸腔镜辅助小切口肺叶及全肺切除的临床应用体会

目的:探讨胸腔镜辅助小切口肺叶及全肺切除术在肺部良性疾病和非小细胞肺癌治疗中的可行性。方法:41例在全麻下应用胸腔镜进行肺部手术,其中肺叶切除38例,全肺切除3例;良性疾病10例,肺癌31例。其中部分病例(16例)辅助6～8 cm的小切口,在电视监视及辅助小切口直视下进行解剖肺叶或全肺切除。结果:全组无严重并发症。手术时间1.5～4 h,平均2.5 h。术中出血量100～500 mL,平均200 mL。随访6～46个月,平均17个月,其中31例肺癌随访8～46个月,3例分别于术后8个月,12个月及16个月出现肝脏、双肺转移死亡。结论:胸腔镜辅助小切口行肺叶及全肺切除术是可行的。     

单向式全胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗肺癌14例临床分析

目的分析单向式全胸腔镜肺叶切除术的临床治疗效果并总结相关经验。方法 2009年1月-2010年2月为14例肺癌患者施行单向式全胸腔镜肺叶切除术,男性9例,女性5例,年龄55-73岁,平均66岁。结果 14例患者均手术成功,无严重并发症,原发性肺癌患者清扫纵隔淋巴结数量（8±4.2）枚,平均住院12天。结论单向式全胸腔镜肺叶切除术是一种安全有效的手术方式,效果确切尤其对初学者易操作、易掌握。     

胸腔镜亚肺叶切除术治疗肺部疾病的临床分析

目的探讨胸腔镜亚肺叶切除术在治疗肺部疾病的可行性、安全性及手术适应证。方法回顾性分析吉林大学白求恩第一医院胸外科于2012年9月至2014年9月行胸腔镜亚肺叶(肺段、肺楔形)切除手术的62例患者的临床信息,统计患者的手术时间、术中出血量以及术后并发症的临床资料。结果 62例患者均顺利完成胸腔镜亚肺叶切除手术(解剖性肺段切除及肺楔形切除术),无中转及扩大切口。手术所用时间62~230 min,平均(172±21.41)min;术中出血量80~300 ml,平均(180±12.79)ml。胸腔引流时间2~6 d,平均(3.5±0.41)d。术后住院3~10 d,平均(6±0.83)d。无二次手术,无输血,无围术期死亡。术后病理:腺癌28例,鳞癌10例,转移癌4例,炎性假瘤10例,结核球6例,肺囊肿2例,肺错构瘤2例,其中原发非小细胞肺癌均为Ⅰa期38例随访6~24 m,平均(15±1.69)m,38例肺癌均无复发、转移。结论胸腔镜亚肺叶切除术对于Ⅰa期非小细胞肺癌、肺孤立良性肿瘤(直径≤2 cm)、心肺功能较差以及合并其他疾病不能耐受肺叶切除手术的患者,不失为一种安全有效的手术。此术式因创伤小,失血量少,术后恢复快值得推广。     

电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术的临床应用

微创外科（minimally ivasion surgery,MIS）是现代外科发展的趋势,应用电视胸腔镜技术（videoassisted thoracic surgery,VATS）进行肺叶切除术是近年来微创胸外科的热点之一[1]。自20世纪90年代胸腔镜逐步应用于临床以来,胸腔镜肺叶切除术已成为早期非小细胞肺癌（non—small cell lungcancer,NSCLC）治疗的主要手术方式[2-3]。     

Self-assisting robot-assisted pulmonary lobectomy has favorable outcome compared to VATS lobectomy

BackgroundOpen and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) pulmonary lobectomy requires a skilled assistant to complete the operation. A potential benefit of a robot is to allow a surgeon to complete the operation autonomously. We sought to determine the safety of performing robotic-assisted pulmonary lobectomy with self-assistance.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of self-assisting robot-assisted lobectomy. We evaluated the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. We compared the outcome to the propensity matched group of patients who had VATS lobectomy. We also compared them to published outcomes of robot-assisted lobectomy.Results95 patients underwent self-assisted lobectomies. The median age was 70 years old, predominately female (57%) and white (85%) with 90% of patients undergoing surgery for cancer. The median of estimated blood loss was 25 mL during the operation with no conversions to open thoracotomies. After the operation, 17% of patients had major postoperative complications with a median length of stay of 2 days. At thirty-day follow-up, the readmission rate was 6.5%, with a mortality of 0%. Compared to the propensity matched VATS lobectomy group, there was significantly less conversion to open surgery (n=0, 0% vs. n=10, 12.2%, P=0.002), less intraoperative blood transfusions (n=0, 0% vs. n=6, 7.3%, P=0.03), less any complications (n=20, 24.4% vs. n=41, 50%, P=0.003), and less median length of stay (2 days, IQR 2, 5 days vs. 4 day, IQR 3, 6 days, P<0.001) in the self-assisting robot lobectomy group. Compared to published outcomes of robot-assisted lobectomy, our series had significantly fewer conversions to open (P=0.03), shorter length of stay (P<0.001), more discharges to home (93.7%) without a difference in procedure time (P=0.38), overall complication rates (P=0.16) and mortality (P=0.62).ConclusionsSelf-assistance using the robot technology during pulmonary lobectomy had few technical complications and acceptable morbidity, length of stay, and mortality. This group had favorable outcome compared to VATS lobectomy. The ability to self-assist during pulmonary lobectomy is an additional benefit of the robot technology compared to open and VATS lobectomy.     

非小细胞肺癌患者应用胸腔镜肺叶切除术的治疗效果

目的观察胸腔镜肺叶切除术对非小细胞肺癌患者免疫功能的影响。方法依照不同术式将87例非小细胞肺癌患者分为两组,观察组(n=44)采用胸腔镜手术(VATS),对照组(n=43)采用传统开胸术;比较两组患者的手术效果和T淋巴细胞亚群水平差异。结果观察组的手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血量以及住院时间均优于对照组(P0.05);两组患者术后3 d时CD_4~+、CD_8~+均较术前明显降低(P0.05),术后15 d时CD+4水平逐渐恢复至术前,术后3d、15d时CD_4~+/CD_8~+比值均较术前明显增高(P0.05),同期组间比较,治疗15d时观察组CD_4~+、CD_4~+/CD_8~+比值均较对照组明显增高(P0.05);术后3d、15d时NK细胞水平均略低于术前水平,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗非小细胞肺癌体现出微创手术优势,对患者免疫功能的抑制更轻,更利于患者的后期康复。     

全胸腔镜肺叶切除治疗早期肺癌22例临床报道

目的 探讨全胸腔镜下肺叶切除治疗早期肺癌的临床疗效.方法 分析我院胸外科施行的22例早期非小细胞肺癌全胸腔镜下肺叶切除术+淋巴结清扫患者资料.结果 22例患者均顺利完成手术,无手术死亡及术后重大并发症.术中中转开胸2例,术后引流量150～450 ml,平均260 ml,术中失血量平均190 ml,平均住院日12天,手术中淋巴结清扫4～16个,平均10.5个,回访所有患者均生存良好.结论 全胸腔镜下肺叶切除术是一种安全、有效、微创的手术方式,对于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌患者是合适的.     

全胸腔镜下肺叶切除治疗继发型肺结核

目的探讨全胸腔镜下肺叶切除治疗继发型肺结核的安全性、可行性和有效性。方法回顾性分析我院2009年9月~2013年12月完成的全胸腔镜下以肺叶切除为主的手术治疗继发型肺结核患者78例。记录中转开胸、手术时间、术中出血、术后引流液总量、带管时间、并发症和随访情况等。结果全组患者8例中转开胸,其余均在全胸腔镜下完成手术,手术平均时间(161.4±58.3)min;术中平均出血量(325.3±102.5)ml,术后平均引流液总量(1060.5±450.8)ml;术后平均带管时间(8.6±3.7)天;术后平均住院时间(10.4±3.9)天。出现术后并发症8例,其中肺漏气4例,引流液较多3例,切口延迟愈合1例。随访时间平均25.8个月,症状消失或好转,无复发、死亡患者。结论全胸腔镜下肺叶切除治疗继发型肺结核是一种安全、可行、有效的方法。     

全腔镜肺叶切除与开胸肺叶切除治疗早期肺癌1年随访

目的探讨全腔镜肺叶切除与开胸肺叶切除治疗对早期肺癌患者肺功能、并发症、生活质量等的影响。方法146例早期肺癌患者根据患者意愿,以手术方式不同,分成两组,其中67例实施传统开胸肺叶切除术(开胸组),另外79例实施全腔镜肺叶切除术(全腔镜组)。对两组术中和术后恢复情况、肺功能指标、生活质量、术后并发症、术后1年预后情况进行对比。结果全腔镜组手术时间明显长于开胸组(P<0.05),但术中失血量、术后引流量要明显少于开胸组(P<0.05),切口长度、术后住院时间均明显短于开胸组(P<0.05),术后伤口疼痛程度显著低于开胸组(P<0.05),淋巴结清除个数组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后1 w,两组肺功能1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)和每分钟最大通气量(MVV)明显下降,但全腔镜组显著优于开胸组(P<0.05);在术后1年,两组肺功能已基本达到术前水平,且组间水平无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后3个月,两组肺癌症状量表(LCSS)得分和肺癌患者生存质量测定量表(FACT-L)均较术前显著降低(P<0.05),全腔镜组LCSS得分较开胸组明显降低(P<0.05),FACT-L得分较开胸组显著升高(P<0.05);术后1年,LCSS得分的组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组FACT-L得分均达到术前水平,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。全腔镜组并发症发生率明显低于开胸组(P<0.05)。术后1年,组间在复发、远处转移和生存率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全腔镜肺叶切除与开胸肺叶切除治疗早期肺癌均可达到满意效果,在远期预后上效果相当,且全腔镜方案术中创伤小、术后恢复快、并发症低。     

Complete video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy of the left lower lobe and lung lymph node dissection

We describe herein a case of complete video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy of the left lower lobe and lung lymph node dissection. The patient was a 67-year-old man. A physical examination revealed a nodule in the left lower lobe that had been present for 7 years. According to the chest computed tomography (CT) report recently, a diagnosis of lung cancer was not excluded. Due to the surgical indications, he was underwent complete video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy of the left lower lobe and lung lymph node dissection. The frozen pathology report was consistent with adenocarcinoma. He recovered smoothly, without any perioperative complications.     

VATS lung biopsy in suspected, diffuse interstitial lung disease provides diagnosis, and alters management strategies

OBJECTIVES: In patients with suspected diffuse interstitial lung disease, open lung biopsy is associated with high mortality (16%). This risk is only acceptable if diagnosis is made and management enhanced. We reviewed the role of VATS techniques in this group to determine the morbidity, mortality and outcomes in terms of diagnosis and enhanced management. METHODS: Over the period of 5 years, 78 patients with suspected diagnosis of diffuse interstitial lung disease on clinical and radiological grounds were referred to a single surgical team. The patients' case notes and histology reports were reviewed retrospectively. Correlation was made with histopathological diagnosis. RESULTS: All 78 patients had sufficient provision of material for histological analysis. Eight patients had a histological diagnosis not consistent with diffuse interstitial lung disease; in all eight patients, this significantly altered the subsequent management. Of the 70 patients with diffuse lung disease, 26 patients (37.1%) had a histological diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia. Thirteen patients (18.6%) had a histological diagnosis of unclassifiable diffuse lung disease despite an adequate biopsy. The remaining 31 patients (44.3%) had other positive histological diagnosis made. A difference between pre-operative clinico-radiological and final histological diagnosis sufficient to change prognosis and definitive management was made in 19 patients (27.1%). The mean and median post-operative stay was 2.8 days and 2 days, respectively. The in-hospital mortality was one patient (1.5%) due to adult respiratory distress syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: VATS lung biopsy can be performed in this group of patient with low mortality of 1.5%. It provides sufficient material for histological diagnosis in 100% of patients and alters the management and prognosis in a significant number of patients. We propose that the role of VATS and clinico-radiological techniques should be compared in a prospective controlled clinical trial.     

Intercostal nerve blockade with liposomal bupivacaine reduces length of stay after video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy

BackgroundIntercostal nerve blockade (INB) for thoracic surgery analgesia has gained popularity in practice, but evidence demonstrating its efficacy remains sparse and inconsistent. We investigated the effect of INB with standard bupivacaine (SB) with epinephrine versus liposomal bupivacaine (LB) versus a mixed solution of the two on postoperative pain control and outcomes in video assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy patients.MethodsSince 2014, our practice has shifted from using INBs with SB with epinephrine, to LB, to a mix of the two as the central component of multimodal analgesia after video assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The blocks are performed in a standardized fashion under thoracoscopic visualization consecutively from two rib spaces above to two below the outermost incisions. We retrospectively compared all minimally invasive lobectomies performed at our institution between January 2014 and July 2018 by type of local anesthetic used for INB. We examined median length of stay (LOS), opioid utilization, and subjective pain scores [0–10].ResultsOut of 302 minimally invasive lobectomy patients, 34 received SB with epinephrine, 222 received LB alone, and 46 received the mixed solution. LOS was almost a full day shorter in the LB group than in the SB group (34.8 vs. 56.5 hours, P=0.01). There was nearly 25% lower median total morphine equivalent utilization in the mixed solution cohort compared to the LB cohort (−7.1 mg, P=0.02). Additionally, IV morphine equivalent utilization was over 50% lower in the mixed solution group than in the SB with epinephrine group (−10.0 mg, P=0.03).ConclusionsOur study is by far the largest (N=302) to compare types of local anesthetic used for INB within a uniform case population. The reductions in LOS and opiate utilization observed in our study among patients receiving LB-based formulations were both statistically and clinically significant.