Protective effect of recombinant human IL-1Ra on CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice

AIM: To evaluate the effects of positive regulation of recombinant human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (rhIL-1Ra) on hepatic tissue recovery in acute liver injury in mice induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ). METHODS: Acute liver damage was induced by injecting 8-wk-old mice with CCl 4 1 mL/kg (1:3 dilution in corn oil) intraperitoneally (ip). Survival after liver failure was assessed by injecting 8-wk-old mice with a lethal dose of CCl 4 2.6 mL/kg (1:1 dilution in corn oil) ip. Mice were subcutaneo...     

四氯化碳诱导大鼠慢性肝损伤模型方法的探讨

目的研究大鼠慢性肝损伤模型的建立方法。方法以20％和50％四氯化碳植物油溶液给SD大鼠腹腔注射8周,制备大鼠慢性肝损伤模型,观察大鼠饮食、体重和血清ALT、AST水平的变化,采用TUNEL法观察肝细胞凋亡情况,以评价成模效果。结果实验组大鼠饮食量降低,体重增加缓慢。实验组ALT和AST分别为204．1±35．7U／L和307．5±54．1U／L,而对照组分别27．6±3．1U／L和50．5±9．0U／L。实验组动物出现肝细胞变性、凋亡、坏死及再生等病变。大剂量四氯化碳容易弓l起肝纤维化。结论应用20％～50％四氯化碳溶液在1．5ml·kg^-1 bw剂量下腹腔注射可诱导大鼠典型的肝损伤模型,病变稳定,操作简便,可供实验研究应用。     

Protective effect of selenium-enriched Lactobacillus on CCl4-induced liver injury in mice and its possible mechanisms

AIM: To study the protective effects and mechanisms of Se-enriched lactobacillus on liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice. METHODS: Seventy-two ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, CCl4-induced model group, low Se-enriched lactobacillus treatment group (L-Se group), and high Se-enriched lactobacillus treatment group (H-Se group). During a 3-wk experimental period, the common complete diet was orally provided daily for normal group and model group, and the mice in L-Se and H-Se groups were given a diet with 2 and 4 mg of organoselenium from Se-enriched lactobacillus per kg feed, respectively. From the 2nd wk of experiment, the model group, L-Se group, and H-Se group received abdominal cavity injection of olive oil solution containing 500 mL/L CCl4 (0.07 mL/100 g body mass) to induce liver injury, and the normal group was given olive oil on every other day for over 2 wk. In the first 2 wk post injection with CCl4, mice in each group were killed. The specimens of blood, liver tissue, and macrophages in abdominal cavity fluid were taken. Then the activities of the following liver tissue injury-associated enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content were assayed. Changes of phagocytic rate and phagocytic index in macrophages were observed with Wright-Giemsa stain. Plasma TNF-alpha level was measured by radioimmunoassay. The level of intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in hepatocytes was detected under a laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS: During the entire experimental period, the AST and ALT activities in liver were greatly enhanced by CCl4 and completely blunted by both low and high doses of Se-enriched lactobacillus. The Se-enriched lactobacillus-protected liver homogenate GSH-Px and SOD activities were higher or significantly higher than those in model group and were close to those in normal group. CCl4 significantly increased MDA content in liver homogenates, while administration of Se-enriched lactobacillus prevented MDA elevation. Phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of macro-phages decreased after CCl4 treatment compared to those in normal control, but they were dramatically rescued by Se-enriched lactobacillus, showing a greatly higher phagocytic function compared to model group. CCl4 could significantly elevate plasma TNF-alpha and hepatocyte [Ca2+]i level, which were also obviously prevented by Se-enriched lactobacillus. CONCLUSION: Se-enriched lactobacillus can intervene in CCl4-induced liver injury in mice by enhancing macrophage function activity to keep normal and beneficial effects, elevating antioxidant-enzyme activities and reducing lipid peroxidation reaction, inhibiting excessive release of TNF-alpha, preventing the dramatic elevation of [Ca2+]i in hepatocytes.     

白术莪术提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 研究白术莪术提取物对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤的影响.方法 给予小鼠白术莪术提取物灌胃,连续7d,腹腔注射CCl4-花生油溶液造模急性肝损伤,16 h后测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)含量、肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及其肝脏、脾脏指数.结果 白术莪术提取物能显著降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT、AST含量及提高肝组织中SOD活性,减小肝脏指数(P＜0.01).结论 白术莪术提取物对CCl4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤具有很好的保护作用.     

内质网应激在四氯化碳致大鼠急性肝损伤中的作用探讨

目的研究内质网应激在四氯化碳诱导的大鼠急性肝损伤中的变化规律和作用机制。方法采用四氯化碳制备大鼠急性肝损伤模型，动态测定大鼠肝脏GRP78蛋白和caspase 12酶原表达情况，测定大鼠血清ALT、AST水平、肝组织SOD活性、MDA浓度和caspase 3活性变化；采用HE染色和TUNEL法观察肝组织病理形态学和肝细胞凋亡变化。结果四氯化碳染毒后大鼠肝脏GRP78蛋白表达显著增加，caspase 12酶原表达相应减少，呈一定时间依赖方式。大鼠染毒后出现血清ALT、AST水平以及组织MDA含量显著升高，SOD活性明显下降，与对照组有显著性差异（P〈0．01）；染毒后大鼠肝组织caspase 3活性亦显著升高，病理学及TUNEL法检测结果均显示肝脏有严重损伤，大量肝细胞发生凋亡。结论四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝损伤时GRP78和caspase 12的表达变化表明发生了内质网应激反应，其变化趋势和大鼠肝细胞凋亡、病理损伤一致，这一结果提示内质网应激介导的肝细胞凋亡参与了大鼠肝损伤。     

Protective effect of selenium-enriched lactobacilluson CCI_4-induced liver injury in mice and its possible mechanisms

AIM: To study the protective effects and mechanisms of Se-enriched lactobacillus on liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride(CCI_4) in mice. METHODS: Seventy-two ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, CCl_4-induced model group, low Se-enriched lactobacillus treatment group(L-Se group), and high Se-enriched lactobacillus treatment group(H-Se group). During a 3-wk experimental period, the common complete diet was orally provided daily for normal group and model group, and the mice in L-Se and H-Se groups were given a diet with 2 and 4 mg of organoselenium from Se-enriched lactobacillus per kg feed, respectively. From the 2~(nd) wk of experiment, the model group, L-Se group, and H-Se group received abdominal cavity injection of olive oil solution containing 500 mL/L CCl_4(0.07 mL/100 g body mass) to induce liver injury, and the normal group was given olive oil on every other day for over 2 wk. In the first 2 wk post injection with CCl_4, mice in each group were killed. The specimens of blood, liver tissue, and macrophages in abdominal cavity fluid were taken. Then the activities of the following liver tissue injury-associated enzymes including glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase(SOD), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) as well as malondialdehyde(MDA) content were assayed. Changes of phagocytic rate and phagocytic index in macrophages were observed with Wright-Giemsa stain. Plasma TNF-α level was measured by radioimmunoassay. The level of intracellular free Ca~(2+)([Ca~(2+)]_i) in hepatocytes was detected under a laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS: During the entire experimental period, the AST and ALT activities in liver were greatly enhanced by CCl_4 and completely blunted by both low and high doses of Se-enriched lactobacillus. The Se-enriched lactobacillusprotected liver homogenate GSH-Px and SOD activities were higher or significantly higher than those in model group and were close to those in normal group. CCl_4 significantly increased MDA content in liver homogenates, while administration of Se-enriched lactobacillus prevented MDA elevation. Phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of macrophages decreased after CCl_4 treatment compared to those in normal control, but they were dramatically rescued by Se-enriched lactobacillus, showing a greatly higher phagocytic function compared to model group. CCl_4 could significantly elevate plasma TNF-α and hepatocyte[Ca~(2+)]_i level, which were also obviously prevented by Se-enriched lactobacillus. CONCLUSION: Se-enriched lactobacillus can intervene in CCl_4-induced liver injury in mice by enhancing macrophage function activity to keep normal and beneficial effects, elevating antioxidant-enzyme activities and reducing lipid peroxidation reaction, inhibiting excessive release of TNF-α, preventing the dramatic elevation of [Ca~(2+)]_i in hepatocytes.     

柳叶蜡梅提取物对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究柳叶蜡梅提取物对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤是否具有保护作用。方法雄性C57BL/6小鼠分为4组,每组10只。对照组为正常C57BL/6小鼠;模型组用75％酒精溶液（8 mL/kg）灌胃,每天一次,连续4 d ,建立急性酒精性肝损伤模型;柳叶蜡梅组用柳叶蜡梅提取物（12 g/kg ）溶于生理盐水后灌胃,每天两次,连续11 d;实验组先按柳叶蜡梅组方法灌胃11 d ,同时在最后4 d按模型组方法建立急性酒精性肝损伤模型。通过比较各组血清ALT和AST水平,并评价肝组织病理损伤程度,观察柳叶蜡梅提取物对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。结果柳叶蜡梅提取物可明显减轻酒精所致急性肝损伤,实验组小鼠血清ALT[（148．75±13．30） U/L]、AST [（170．75±16．96） U/L]与模型组ALT[（260．75±27．35） U/L]、AST[（337．75±37．68） U/L]相比明显降低,肝组织病理损伤和炎症反应减轻（P＜0．05）。结论柳叶蜡梅提取物在小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤中起到保护作用,可能成为急性酒精性肝损伤的新的治疗策略。     

四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化脂质过氧化相关蛋白表达的动态变化及一贯煎的干预效应

目的 探讨四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导大鼠肝纤维化脂质过氧化相关蛋白表达的动态变化及一贯煎的干预效应.方法 Wistar雄性大鼠57只,其中模型组39只,正常组18只.模型大鼠腹腔注射50％的CCl4橄榄油溶液(1ml/lg),每周2次,共9周.造模3、6周后,随机抽取正常及模型大鼠各6只,处死作动态观察.其余模型大鼠随机分为模型组15只及干预组12只,模型组大鼠在8周时处死4只观察成模情况.第7周开始,继续造模的同时,干预组用一贯煎(2.682 g/kg)蒸馏水稀释灌胃,1次/d,共计3周.用药3周结束后,处死大鼠,检测肝功能、肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)和丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性,以及热休克蛋白70 (HSP70)、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)、转铁蛋白(Transferrin)、过氧化还原酶(Prxd)6、肝脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白(L-FABP)等的表达.计量资料采用单因素方差分析,计数资料采用Ridit分析. 结果 (1)与对照组比较,模型组大鼠6、9周时肝组织MDA含量显著升高[(4.23±0.45) nmol/mg比(2.22±0.59)nmol/mg; (6.29±1.23) nmol/mg比(2.22±0.59) nmol/mg,F值分别为60.13、66.99,P值均＜ 0.05];SOD活性显著降低[(196.94±39.20) U/mg比(264.50±30.44)U/mg,F=11.12,P＜ 0.05; (152.21±51.65) U/mg比(264.50±30.44) U/mg,F=23.11,P＜0.01];GSH含量显著降低[(48.47±7.27) nmol/mg比(60.74±9.04) nmol/mg,F=6.71,P＜0.05;(37.89±9.01) nmol/mg比(60.74±9.04)nmol/mg,F=24.06,P＜0.01];与9周模型组比较,干预组MDA显著降低[(4.25±0.86) nmol/mg比(6.29±1.23) nmol/mg,F=19.52,P＜ 0.01],SOD显著升高[(198.35±46.48) U/mg比(152.21±51.65) U/mg,F=4.65,P＜0.05],GSH显著升高[(53.73±7.54) nmol/mg比(37.89±9.01) nmol/mg,F=19.23,P＜0.01];(2)与正常组比较,9周时模型组大鼠HSP70蛋白表达量升高(1.21±0.06比0.58±0.07,F=166.87,P＜0.0l),HO-1蛋白表达量也升高(1.11±0.06比0.58±0.06,F=123.96,P＜ 0.01),Prdx6蛋白表达量降低(0.04±0.05比1.49±0.05,F=1215.85,P＜0.01),L-FABP表达量降低(0.24±0.02比1.44±0.14,F=219.05,P＜0.01),Transferrin蛋白表达量降低(0.67±0.03比1.67±0.04,F=301.35,P＜0.01).9周时,干预组HSP70和HO-1蛋白表达量分别为0.82±0.04、0.90±0.04,与9周时模型组比较,F值分别为92.31、26.89,P值均＜0.01,差异有统计学意义;9周时,干预组Prdx6、L-FABP和Transferrin蛋白表达分别为0.88±0.11、1.36±0.13、1.04±0.12,与9周时模型组比较,F值分别为150.17、237.19、27.53,P值均＜0.01,差异有统计学意义. 结论 一贯煎具有促进机体抗氧化物质生成、减轻脂质过氧化损伤的作用.     

Protection of the liver against CCl4-induced injury by intramuscular electrotransfer of a kallistatin-encoding plasmid

AIM:To investigate the effect of transgenic expression of kallistatin(Kal) on carbon tetrachloride(CCl 4)induced liver injury by intramuscular(im) electrotransfer of a Kal-encoding plasmid formulated with poly-Lglutamate(PLG).METHODS:The pKal plasmid encoding Kal gene was formulated with PLG and electrotransferred into mice skeletal muscle before the administration of CCl 4.The expression level of Kal was measured.The serum biomarker levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),ma...     

扶正化瘀方对肝纤维化模型大鼠肝组织纤维化及肝星状细胞的影响

目的 评价扶正化瘀方对肝纤维化模型大鼠肝组织纤维化及活化肝星状细胞(HSC)的影响. 方法 64只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、四氯化碳(CCl4)肝纤维化模型组、药物干预低剂量组和药物干预高剂量组.除正常组外,所有大鼠用CCl4复合法制备大鼠肝纤维化模型;在造模同时,药物干预组给予扶正化瘀方灌胃,1次/d,6次/周,共6周(低剂量组按0.75g/kg,高剂量组1.5 g/kg);分别在实验的第2、4、6周处死正常组、模型组及药物干预低、高剂量组大鼠各4只,收集大鼠血清及肝组织标本,测定大鼠血清ALT、AST、总胆红素(TBil);组织标本常规石蜡包埋、切片、HE染色及Masson三重染色,采用计算机图像分析测定大鼠肝组织纤维化面积比例;测定α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的积分吸光度值.组间数据比较用完全随机设计的单因素方差分析.结果 2周末正常对照组、模型对照组、药物干预低、高剂量组ALT分别为(24.68±1.50) U/L、(85.33±5.68)U/L、(56.49±4.85) U/L、(36.94±5.23)U/L,4组比较,F值为98.11,差异有统计学意义;4组的AST值分别为(37.69±3.35)U/L、(112.34±7.02) U/L、(82.89±5.32) U/L、(61.39±6.06)U/L,4组比较,F值为96.31,差异有统计学意义;4组的TBil值分别为(6.70±1.10) U/L、(14.12±0.68) U/L、(10.85±0.64) U/L、(7.78±0.69) U/L,4组比较,F值为51.67,差异有统计学意义.4周末4组ALT、AST、TBil比较,F值分别为111.24、72.11、101.20,P值均＜0.05,差异均有统计学意义;6周末4组ALT、AST、TBil比较,F值分别为154.16、190.80、158.91,P值均＜0.05,差异均有统计学意义.与正常组比较,2、4、6周末模型组、扶正化瘀高、低剂量各组ALT、AST、TBil的水平均有不同程度的升高;与模型组比较,药物干预各组ALT、AST、TBil数值均有不同程度下降,其中以扶正化瘀方高剂量组改善最为显著.与正常组比较,模型组、药物干预低、高剂量组肝组织纤维化面积比例明显升高,2周末正常组、模型组、药物干预低、高剂量组肝组织纤维化面积比例分别为5.23％±0.10％、11.93％±1.78％、9.33％±1.09％、8.26％±0.77％,4组比较,F=18.68,P＜0.01;4周末、6周末正常组、模型组、药物干预低、高剂量组肝组织纤维化面积比较,F值分别为49.95、82.44,P值均＜0.01,差异均有统计学意义.随着造模时间的延长,α-SMA表达亦较正常对照组均有升高,药物干预低、高剂量组大鼠肝组织α-SMA的表达与正常组和模型组比较,均明显下调,且药物干预高剂量组α-SMA表达下调显著.结论 扶正化瘀方具有抗肝纤维化的作用,且可减少α-SMA的表达,其抗肝纤维化机制可能是通过促进活化HSC的凋亡,减少活化HSC的数量.     

CCl4诱导的急性肝损伤小鼠肝组织HSP27表达的变化

目的 研究热休克蛋白(HSP)27在CCl4诱导的急性肝损伤小鼠肝组织中的动态变化.方法 将100只健康雄性小鼠随机分为模型组90只和对照组10只.应用CCl4腹腔注射诱导小鼠急性肝损伤,在3h、6h、12h、24h、30h、36h、42h、48h和54h及正常对照小鼠分别眼球取血或取肝脏制备10％肝匀浆,采用Western blotting法检测肝组织HSP27表达的变化.结果 小鼠注射CCl4后,血清AST和ALT活性逐渐升高,24h达到高峰,54h逐渐恢复到正常水平;肝组织HSP27在注射CCl4后3h表达量略有增高,在24h表达量达到高峰,此后逐渐恢复到正常水平.结论 在CCl4诱导的急性肝损伤小鼠肝组织HSP27表达出现显著变化,可能在肝损伤的修复和再生过程中起到重要的作用.     

Ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes after taurine treatment in CCl4 induced liver injury

AIM： To search the organelle based changes in hepatocytes after taurine treatment in experimental liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 administration. METHODS： Thirty rats were divided into two groups. Group 1 （n = 15） was injected with CCl4 plus taurine and Group 2 （n = 15） with CCl4 plus saline for 12 wk. At the end of 12th wk, mitochondria, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and nuclei of hepatocytes were evaluated using a scoring system. The results were compared with histopathological findings, as well. RESULTS： Taurine treatment reduced fibrosis scores significantly as compared to placebo. Organelle injury scores decreased significantly with taurine treatment. Ultrastructural and histopathological scores in both groups were in strong correlation （r = 0.931 for CCl4 plus taurine and r = 0.899 for CCl4 plus saline group）. CONCLUSION： Organelle based transmission electron microscopy findings can reflect successfully histological results as well as tissue healing in hepatocytes from hepatotoxin-induced liver fibrosis.     

粒细胞集落刺激因子对四氯化碳所致小鼠慢性肝损伤的预防作用

肝硬化目前尚缺乏满意治疗方法,阻断肝硬化的进展,将有助于延长患者生命.我们用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF),研究粒细胞集落刺激因子对CCl4所致小鼠慢性肝损伤的预防作用.     

Hepatoprotective activity of Spillanthes acmella Extracts against CCl4-induced liver toxicity in rats

ObjectiveHepato protective activity of Spillanthes acmella Extracts (70% ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and hexane) were investigated.MethodsHepatoprotective activity was assessed against CCl4 induced liver intoxication.ResultsThe extracts were produced concentration dependent percentage protection in the reduction of enzymes (Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase, Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase, Alkaline phasphatase and Total bilirubin) levels against CCl4 induced liver intoxication in rats. Among all extracts methanol extract showed better activity compare to other extracts with percentage protection of SGOT (84.39%), SGPT (79.04%), ALP (78.15%) and Total bilirubin (80.00%) levels at a dose of 500mg/kg.ConclusionsFrom the results obtained during the present study it could be concluded that Spillanthes acmella extracts has components that have hepato protective effects.     

Protective effects of polydatin against CCl4-induced injury to primarily cultured rat hepatocytes

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一贯煎对四氯化碳诱导大鼠脂肪肝的干预作用研究

目的：观察一贯煎对四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导大鼠脂肪肝的干预作用。方法：雌性Wistar大鼠37只。随机分为正常组（9只）、CCl4模型组（14只）、一贯煎组（14只）。模型组和一贯煎组大鼠按0．3ml／100g的剂量每周2次皮下注射50％CCl4橄榄油溶液,共9次,正常组大鼠注射相应体积的橄榄油。一贯煎组大鼠造模同时灌胃一贯煎药液,1次／d,正常组和模型组大鼠灌胃同体积蒸馏水。首次造模48h后,眼球后静脉丛取血,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平。至造模结束后,3％戊巴比妥麻醉,腹主动脉采血,留取血清和肝组织样本。全自动生化仪检测血清ALT、AST、总胆红素（TBil）、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（γ-GT）变化;试剂盒检测肝组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）、甘油三酯（TG）含量;并观察各组大鼠肝脏组织病理变化情况和脂滴沉积情况。结果：首次造模48h后,模型组大鼠血清ALT和AST活性均较正常组明显升高（P〈0．01）,一贯煎干预后,大鼠血清ALT和AST水平均较模型组明显降低（P〈0．01）。造模结束后,与正常组比较．模型组大鼠血清ALT、AST、γ-GT活性和TBil含量均显著升高（P〈0．01）;大鼠肝组织HE染色可见肝细胞肿大,胞质松散,表现为大泡型脂肪变性,呈现局灶性,病灶间可见少量正常肝组织;油红0染色可见大量脂滴;大鼠肝组织SOD活性降低,MDA和TG含量增高（P〈0．05）。与模型组比较,一贯煎组大鼠血清ALT、AST、γ-GT活性明显降低（P〈0．05）,TBil含量有所减低（P〉0．05）;肝细胞坏死明显减轻,肝组织脂滴含量减少;肝组织SOD活性明显升高,MDA、TG含量降低（P〈0．05）。结论：一贯煎对大鼠CCl4急性肝损伤有防护作用,可改善CCl4诱导盼大鼠脂肪肝,其机制为降低脂质过氧化和炎症反应。     

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of flowers of Nerium oleander against CCl4-induced liver injury in rats

ObjectiveTo investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of methanolic flower extract of Nerium oleander against CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.MethodsIn vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of flowers of Nerium oleander (MENO–F) was evaluated by various assays, including reducing power, lipid peroxidation, DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radicals and metal chelation. The hepatoprotective and in vivo antioxidant activity of MENO-F were evaluated against CCl₄–induced hepatic damage in rats. The MENO-F at dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were administered orally once daily for seven days. Serum enzymatic levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (AST), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin were estimated along with estimation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver tissues. Further histopathological examination of the liver sections was carried out to support the induction of hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotective efficacy.ResultsThe extract showed potent activities on reducing power, lipid peroxide, DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and metal chelation. The substantially elevated serum enzymatic levels of AST, ALT, ALP and total bilirubin were found to be restored towards normalization significantly by the MENO-F in a dose dependent manner with maximum hepatoprotection at 400 mg/kg dose level. The histopathological observations supported the biochemical evidences of hepatoprotection. Elevated level of SOD and decreased level of MDA further strengthen the hepatoprotective observations.ConclusionsThe results of the present study strongly reveal that MENO-F has potent antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective activity against CCl₄-induced hepatic damage in experimental animals.     

实验性肝损伤大鼠肝脏HO-1的表达及CO水平变化

目的研究急性肝损伤时大鼠肝脏HO-1的表达情况和CO水平,探讨HO-1和内源性CO在大鼠急性肝损伤中的作用.方法制备急性四氯化碳肝损伤模型,采用RT-PCR和免疫组化法测定不同时间点大鼠肝脏HO-1 mRNA和蛋白的表达情况;测定各时间点肝组织SOD、MDA含量变化,同时测定股静脉血中HbCO水平和ALT、AST肝功能指标.结果HO-1mRNA在正常大鼠有弱表达,染毒3 h后表达显著增强,于24 h时间点表达最强,与对照组相比差异非常显著(P＜0.01);免疫组化结果显示;HO-1蛋白在正常大鼠表达较低或无,染毒3h后即有明显表达,16至48h的时间点内表达均显著增强,主要定位于肝实质细胞、库普细胞的胞浆内.对照组HbCO水平极低,给予四氯化碳3 h后HbCO水平开始升高,此后各时间点均明显高于对照组,差异有显著性,这与HO-1表达情况相一致.此外,染毒后大鼠血清ALT、AST和MDA明显升高,SOD活性则显著降低,和对照组相比差异均十分显著.结论大鼠急性肝损伤后出现HO-1表达持续上调和血中CO水平迅速增高,提示HO/CO系统参与急性肝损伤的病理生理过程,其表达增加可能对机体有重要调节作用.