BISAP评分对急性胰腺炎严重程度及预后评估的临床价值

目的 通过与传统的急性胰腺炎(AP)病情评分系统比较,了解急性胰腺炎严重程度床边指数(BISAP)评分对AP严重程度及预后评估的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2010年12月间收治的497例AP患者资料,分别进行BISAP、APACHEⅡ、Ranson及Balthazar CT( CTSI)评分,评估病情严重程度.应用受试者工作曲线下面积(AUC)比较BISAP评分与其他各评分系统对AP严重程度及胰腺坏死、器官功能衰竭、患者病死发生的预测能力.结果 497例患者中重症急性胰腺炎(SAP) 101例,轻症急性胰腺炎(MAP) 396例,MAP组和SAP组患者的年龄、性别、病因分布差异无统计学意义.497例患者的BISAP评分、APACHEⅡ评分、Ranson评分的平均分值分别为(1.08±1.01)、(5.79±4.00)、(1.69±1.59)分,两两相关(r值分别为0.612、0.568、0.577,P值均＜0.001).此外,SAP患者的BISAP评分、APACHEⅡ评分、Ranson评分的分值均显著大于MAP患者(P值均＜0.01).BISAP评分预测SAP的AUC值为0.762( 95％ CI 0.722～0.799),阳性截止(cutoff)值为2分,敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为63.4％、83.1％、48.1％、89.4％;预测胰腺坏死的AUC值为0.711(95％CI0.612～0.797),cutoff值为2分,敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为84.6％、46.7％、35.5％、89.7％;预测器官衰竭的AUC值为0.777(95％ CI0.683 ～0.854),cutoff值为2分,敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为93.1％、51.4％、43.5％、94.9％;预测患者病死的AUC值为0.808(95％ CI 0.718 ～0.880),cutoff值为3分,敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为83.3％、67.4％、25.6％、96.8％.BISAP评分与其他评分系统预测SAP各预后指标的差异均无统计学意义.结论 BISAP评分对AP严重程度及预后的评估价值与其他传统的评分系统相同,但其只有5项指标,且均可在入院24h内采集,可以早期、简便地预测SAP,值得在临床推广应用.     

急性胰腺炎严重程度临床应用评分进展

急性胰腺炎是消化系统常见疾病之一,包括急性轻型胰腺炎及急性重症胰腺炎。重症者病情凶险,死亡率高。早期发现疾病重症趋势能更好地指导临床治疗。本文就急性胰腺炎严重程度的临床应用评分进展进行综述。     

新CT评分系统预测急性胰腺炎病情严重程度的临床研究

目的 在综合急性胰腺炎(AP)患者胰腺外炎症征象及胰腺坏死程度基础上,建立一种新CT评分系统--胰腺外炎症和胰腺坏死CT指数(EPIPN)评分系统.以初步探讨其预测AP病情严重程度和预后的诊断价值.方法 回顾分析2006年8月至2007年12月住院确诊的77例AP患者的临床资料,包括年龄、性别、病因、起病72 h C反应蛋白(CRP)水平、Ranson评分、人院48 h时APACHEⅡ评分,器官衰竭发生情况、腹痛消失时间、住院时间等.所有患者人院后2～3 d行增强CT检查,获得CT严重指数(CTSI)评分和EPIPN评分,CTSI≥7分为重症AP(SAP),EPIPN>5分为SAP.应用ROC曲线比较EPIPN和CTSI预测AP病情严重程度的诊断效力,初步分析EPlPN和CTSI与AP临床预后指标的相关性.结果 77例患者中男34例,女43例,平均年龄51.79岁(22～92岁).胆源性63例,高血脂6例,酒精性1例,原因不明7例.14例(18.2%)患者曾发生器官衰竭.EPIPN和CTSI预测SAP的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.82(95%可信区间0.73～0.91)、0.72(95%可信区间0.59～0.86),CTSI≥7预测SAP的灵敏度、特异度分别为80.4%和55%,EPIPN>5预测SAP的灵敏度、特异度分别为91.3%和63%.EPIPN与AP患者住院时间、APACHEⅡ评分、CRP有良好的相关性.结论 EPIPN可准确预测和评估AP病情严重程度和预后,其诊断效力优于CTSI.EPIPN简便实用,具有良好的临床应用价值.     

Comparison of scoring systems in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis

AIM:To investigate the prognostic usefulness of several existing scoring systems in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis(AP).METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed the prospectively collected clinical database from consecutive patients with AP in our institution between January 2011 and December 2012.Ranson,Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE)-Ⅱ,and bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis(BISAP)scores,and computed tomography severity index(CTSI)of all patients were calculated.Serum C-reactive protein(CRP)levels were measured at admission(CRPi)and after 24h(CRP24).Severe AP was defined as persistent organ failure for more than 48 h.The predictive accuracy of each scoring system was measured by the area under the receiver-operating curve(AUC).RESULTS:Of 161 patients,21(13%)were classified as severe AP,and 3(1.9%)died.Statistically significant cutoff values for prediction of severe AP were Ranson≥3,BISAP≥2,APACHE-Ⅱ≥8,CTSI≥3,and CRP24≥21.4.AUCs for Ranson,BISAP,APACHE-Ⅱ,CTSI,and CRP24 in predicting severe AP were 0.69(95%CI:0.62-0.76),0.74(95%CI:0.66-0.80),0.78(95%CI:0.70-0.84),0.69(95%CI:0.61-0.76),and0.68(95%CI:0.57-0.78),respectively.APACHE-Ⅱdemonstrated the highest accuracy for prediction of severe AP,however,no statistically significant pairwise differences were observed between APACHE-Ⅱand the other scoring systems,including CRP24.CONCLUSION:Various scoring systems showed similar predictive accuracy for severity of AP.Unique models are needed in order to achieve further improvement of prognostic accuracy.     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值对急性胰腺炎严重性的预测价值

目的探索中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值对急性胰腺炎严重性的预测作用。方法对2010年9月-2011年9月住院的96例急性胰腺炎病例进行分析。以Ranson评分≥3分为重症胰腺炎标准。对患者入院后首次血常规检查结果的白细胞总数、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值进行均数比较,Spearman相关性检验、ROC分析以及计算预测的敏感性、特异性、阳性拟然比、阳性预测值及准确度。结果重症急性胰腺炎20例,轻症急性胰腺炎76例。重症急性胰腺炎患者白细胞总数明显较轻症急性胰腺炎患者白细胞总数多[(15.16±5.06)×109/L vs(11.05±1.76)×109/L,P=0.000],重症急性胰腺炎患者中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值明显较轻症急性胰腺炎患者的比值大(18.95±12.13 vs 6.63±3.44,P=0.000)。白细胞总数及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值与SAP的Spearman相关系数分别为0.419、P=0.000及0.571、P=0.000。白细胞总数对重症急性胰腺炎预测的AUC为0.798(95%CI:0.670～0.925),最佳预测分界点为12.55×109/L;中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值对重症急性胰腺炎预测的AUC为0.906(95%CI:0.830～0.981),最佳预测分界点为7.85。白细胞总数和中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值预测重症急性胰腺炎的敏感性、特异性、阳性拟然比、阳性预测值及准确度分别为70.00%、86.84%、5.32、58.33%、83.33%和85.00%、92.11%、10.77、73.91%、90.63%。两者AUC比较,Z=4.59>1.96,P<0.05。结论中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值对急性胰腺炎严重性的预测具有较高的价值。     

血清白细胞介素-6和细胞间黏附分子-1对急性胰腺炎严重程度的早期判断价值

目的:研究血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)对急性胰腺炎严重程度的早期判断价值.方法:收集临床确诊的28例急性胰腺炎(AP)患者,分为重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)13例和轻症急性胰腺炎(MAP)15例两组,另选择10例体检健康人群作对照组(CG),分别测定血清IL-6和ICAM-1的浓度、并进行比较.结果:(1)发病24 h 内入院的SAP患者血清IL-6和ICAM-1浓度与MAP患者及对照组之间有显著性差异(P＜0.01);而MAP患者与CG之间无显著性差异(P＞0.05)(2)入院时SAP患者血清IL-6浓度与MAP患者及对照组之间有明显差异(P＜0.01);入院后SAP患者的血清IL-6浓度逐渐下降,5 d后与MAP比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).(3)入院2 d后 SAP患者血清ICAM-1的浓度升高最明显,以后逐渐下降,但与MAP比较均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).讨论:血清IL-6和ICAM-1对急性胰腺炎病情严重程度有早期判断价值.     

BISAP评分系统对急性胰腺炎严重程度评估的荟萃分析

目的评估BISAP评分系统在预测急性胰腺炎（AP）严重程度的临床应用价值。方法计算机检索Medline、EMBASE、ScienceDirect、Springerlink、CBM、中国知网、万方以及维普数据库2000年1月至2013年3月的文献,按照严格的纳入标准收集BISAP评分系统预测AP严重程度的文献,采用QUADAS量表进行文献质量评价,利用Meta—Disc1．4统计软件进行异质性分析和定量合成,计算汇总的敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比和受试者特征性工作（ROC）曲线下面积（AUC）,结果均采用95％可信区间（95％CI）表示。结果共纳入文献11篇,包括7篇中文论著和4篇英文论著。按QUADAS量表进行分级,其中A级4篇,B级5篇,C级2篇。6篇文献以BISAP2分为cutoff值、9篇文献以BISAP3分为cutoff值（4篇文献采用两个cutoff值）预测SAP。前者汇总的诊断比值比为8．03（95％C15．66～11．38）,后者为7．49（95％C15．35～10．49）,两组文献均存在中等程度的异质性（I^2=63．3％,P=0．018;I^2=56．1％,P=0．019）。以BISAP2分为cutoff值预测AP严重程度的汇总的敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比和AUC分别为59％（95％CI56％-63％）、82％（95％CI80％-83％）、3．50（95％CI 2．96～4．14）、0．45（95％CI 0．36～0．56）和0．82;以BISAP3分为cutoff值时分别为44％（95％CI41％～47％）、90％（95％CI89％-91％）、4．59（95％CI3．31-6．37）、0．64（95％C10．61-0．68）和0．64。前者有较高的敏感度,较低的特异度,AUC较大;后者敏感度低,特异度高,AUC较小。结论BISAP预测SAP的最佳的cutoff值为2分。其漏诊率较低,且误诊率在可接受范围内,适合在临床应用及推广。     

Predictors of severe and critical acute pancreatitis: A systematic review

BackgroundPersistent organ failure and infected pancreatic necrosis are major determinants of mortality in acute pancreatitis, but there is a gap in the literature assessing the best available predictors of these two determinants. The purpose of this review was to investigate the utility of predictors of persistent organ failure and infected pancreatic necrosis in patients with acute pancreatitis, both alone and in combination.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of the literature in 3 databases for prospective studies evaluating predictors of persistent organ failure, infected pancreatic necrosis, or both, with strict eligibility criteria.ResultsThe best predictors of persistent organ failure were the Japanese Severity Score and Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis when the evaluation was performed within 48 h of admission, and blood urea nitrogen and Japanese Severity Score after 48 h of admission. Systemic Inflammation Response Syndrome was a poor predictor of persistent organ failure. The best predictor of infected pancreatic necrosis was procalcitonin.ConclusionsBased on the best available data, it is justifiable to use blood urea nitrogen for prediction of persistent organ failure after 48 h of admission and procalcitonin for prediction of infected pancreatic necrosis in patients with confirmed pancreatic necrosis. There is no predictor of persistent organ failure that can be justifiably used in clinical practice within 48 h of admission.     

Early laboratory biomarkers for severity in acute pancreatitis; A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background/ObjectivesAcute pancreatitis is complicated by local and systemic complications in 20–30% of the patients. Accurate prediction of severity may be important for clinical decision making. Our aim is to identify and compare the accuracy of laboratory biomarkers that predict severity and complications in adult patients.MethodsMedline, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library (1993 to August 2020) were searched for studies with an unselected population of patients with acute pancreatitis, that contains accuracy data for ≥1 laboratory biomarker(s) and/or APACHE-II score for the prediction of a patient outcomes of interest during the first 48 h of admission. The primary outcome is moderate severe or severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP/SAP). Secondary outcomes are severe acute pancreatitis, pancreatic necrosis and organ failure. Risk of bias was assed using QUADAS-2. Biomarkers extracted from ≥3 unique sources, were analyzed using hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) and bivariate model analysis.ResultsIn total, 181 studies were included in the qualitative analysis reporting on 29 biomarkers. For the primary outcome at admission, summary sensitivities and specificities were, respectively, 87% (95% CI 69–95%) and 88% (95% CI 80–93%) for IL-6 at a threshold of >50 pg/ml, 72% (95% CI 64–79%) and 76% (95% CI 67–84%) for an APACHE-II score of ≥8, and 53% (95% CI 35–71%) and 82% (95% CI 74–88%) for CRP >150 mg/l. HSROC curve analysis confirmed these results.ConclusionThis study indicates superiority of IL-6 for the early prediction of MSAP/SAP and may be used for to guide clinical decision making.     

Clinical significance of melatonin concentrations in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis

AIM: To assess the value of plasma melatonin in pre-dicting acute pancreatitis when combined with the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) and bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) scoring systems. METHODS: APACHEⅡ and BISAP scores were calculated for 55 patients with acute physiology (AP) in the first 24 h of admission to the hospital. Additionally, morning (6:00 AM) serum melatonin concentrations were measured on the first day after admission. According to the diagnosis and treatment guidelines for acute pancreatitis in China, 42 patients suffered mild AP (MAP). The other 13 patients developed severe AP (SAP). A total of 45 healthy volunteers were used in this study as controls. The ability of melatonin and the APACHEⅡ and BISAP scoring systems to predict SAP was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The optimal melatonin cutoff concentration for SAP patients, based on the ROC curve, was used to classify the patients into either a high concen-tration group (34 cases) or a low concentration group (21 cases). Differences in the incidence of high scores, according to the APACHEⅡ and BISAP scoring sys- tems, were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The MAP patients had increased melatonin levels compared to the SAP (38.34 ng/L vs 26.77 ng/L) (P = 0.021) and control patients (38.34 ng/L vs 30.73 ng/L) (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference inmelatoninconcentrations between the SAP group and the control group. The accuracy of determining SAP based on the melatonin level, the APACHEⅡ score and the BISAP score was 0.758, 0.872, and 0.906, respectively, according to the ROC curve. A melatonin concentration ≤ 28.74 ng/L was associated with an increased risk of developing SAP. The incidence of high scores (≥ 3) using the BISAP system was significantly higher in patients with low melatonin concentration (≤ 28.74 ng/L) compared to patients with high melatonin concentration (> 28.74 ng/L) (42.9% vs 14.7%, P = 0.02). The     

A systematic review of the extra-pancreatic infectious complications in acute pancreatitis

Background and aimExtra-pancreatic infectious complications in acute pancreatitis increase morbidity, but their incidence and association with infected pancreatic necrosis is unknown. Half of bacterial cultures of pancreatic necrosis are of non-enteric origin, raising the possibility of other sources of infection. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the incidence of extra-pancreatic infectious complications in acute pancreatitis, their timing, and relation to severity of pancreatitis and mortality.MethodsA systematic review was performed using Ovid MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Libraries, following PRISMA guidelines. Search terms were “Pancreatitis” AND “Infection” AND (“Complication” OR “Outcome”).Results19 studies with 1741 patients were included. Extra-pancreatic infectious complication incidence was 32% (95% CI 23–41%), with the commonest being respiratory infection (9.2%) and bacteraemia (8.4%). Extra-pancreatic infectious complications were not associated with the predicted severity or the mortality of acute pancreatitis. Only 3 studies reported a relation of timing between extra-pancreatic and pancreatic infectious complications.ConclusionsThis is the first systematic review to evaluate the incidence of extra-pancreatic infectious complications in acute pancreatitis, which a third of patients with acute pancreatitis will develop. Implications are vigilance and prompt treatment of extra-pancreatic infection, to reduce possibility of progression to infected pancreatic necrosis.     

Prediction of severe acute pancreatitis：Current knowledge and novel insights

Acute pancreatitis （AP） is a common and potentially lethal acute inflammatory process with a highly variable clinical course. It is still unclear why some patients progress to organ failure and others do not. Physicians, ability to predict which patients will develop severe disease is limited. Routine clinical and laboratory data and multi-factorial clinical scores measured on admission and during the first 48 h of hospitalization are currently the standards of care used to estimate the magnitude of the inflammatory response to injury. Current literature highlights several common environmental, metabolic and genetic factors that increase the risk of AP development and subsequent adverse sequelae. Several cytokines have been found to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AP by driving the subsequent inflammatory response, to include tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, Interleukin-1 （IL-1）, IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 （MCP-1）. Large, prospective studies are still needed to address these questions by identifying AP risk factors and serum biomarkers of severe disease.     

Hemoconcentration is a poor predictor of severity in acute pancreatitis

AIM: To determine whether the hematocrit (Hct) at admission or at 24 h after admission was associated with severe acute pancreatitis (AP), organ failure (OF), and pancreatic necrosis. METHODS: A total of 336 consecutive patients with a first AP episode were studied. Etiology, Hct values at admission and at 24 h, development of severe AP according to Atlanta's criteria, pancreatic necrosis, OF and mortality were recorded. Hemoconcentration was defined as Hct level >44% for males and >40% for females. The t-test and X2 test were used to assess the association of hemoconcentration to the severity, necrosis and OF. Diagnostic accuracy was also determined. RESULTS: Biliary disease was the most frequent etiology (n = 148). Mean Hct levels at admission were 41±6% for females and 46±7% for males (P<0.01). Seventy-eight (23%) patients had severe AP, and OF developed in 45 (13%) patients. According to contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan, 36% (54/150) patients showed pancreatic necrosis. Hct levels were elevated in 58% (55/96) and 61% (33/54) patients with interstitial and necrotizing pancreatitis, respectively. Neither Hct levels at admission nor hemoconcentration at 24 h were associated with the severity, necrosis or OF. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for both determinations were very low; and negative predictive values were between 61% and 86%, being the highest value for OF. CONCLUSION: Hct is not a useful marker to predict a worse outcome in acute pancreatitis. In spite of the high negative predictive value of hemoconcentration, the prognosis gain is limited due to an already high incidence of mild disease.     

血清基质金属蛋白酶9在急性胰腺炎严重程度早期评估中的价值

目的探讨血清基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)定量测定对急性胰腺炎严重程度早期评估的价值。方法2004年1月~2005年6月住院治疗的急性胰腺炎(AP)患者24例,男11例,女13例,其中轻症急性胰腺炎(MAP)12例,男4例,女8例,平均年龄55.2岁;重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)12例,男7例,女5例,平均年龄43.6岁。所有患者均符合急性胰腺炎的诊断标准。选择12名军检健康者作为对照组,分别测定MAP、SAP患者及健康对照者的血清MMP-9浓度,并进行比较分析。结果入院后24h内SAP组血清MMP-9为(421.72±32.99)ng/ml,MAP组为(284.87±25.14)ng/ml,两者比较,差异显著(P<0.001),MAP组与对照组间也存在显著差异(P<0.001)。结论血清MMP-9水平在急性胰腺炎严重程度早期评估中具有一定价值。     

Different profile of cytokine synthesis according to the severity of acute pancreatitis

AIM: To evaluate the cellular synthetic ability of cytokines involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory reactions in patients with AP. METHODS: Sixty-seven patients with AP (16 severe, 51 mild) and 10 controls were included in the study. Cultures of whole blood were performed in samples obtained within the first 72 h from the onset of pain. Serum levels of interleukins (IL) 6, 8, 10, and TNF-α were measured at baseline and in the supernatant of cultures with (functional reserve) or without stimulation with phytohemaglutinin. RESULTS: Basal levels of cytokines were significantly higher in patients with severe AP. A significant increase of all pro-inflammatory cytokines vs basal levels was observed in the supernatant after 24 h of whole blood cultures in patients, but not in controls. In contrast, IL-10 increased significantly in the supernatant of cultures only in patients with mild AP. Cells showed a statistically significant functional reserve for all IL in patients with mild, but only for pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with severe AP. CONCLUSION: A marked activation of immune system may be observed in patients with AP, being balanced between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with mild but not severe AP. A reduced functional reserve for the synthesis of IL-10 may be observed in patients with severe AP, which might lead to a worst prognosis.     

BISAP联合凝血指标对急性胰腺炎严重程度评估的意义

目的:研究BISAP(bedside index for severity in AP)评分联合凝血指标对急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)严重程度评估的意义.方法:回顾2008-2012年中国医科大学附属盛京医院收治的166例AP患者的临床资料.对所有患者进行入院24h的BISAP、APACHE-Ⅱ评分,48h的Ranson’s及发病72h内CTSI评分,入院24h内抽取静脉血测定部分凝血活酶活化时间、凝血酶原时间、D-二聚体(D-dimer)、纤维蛋白原及血小板水平.分析凝血指标及BISAP评分对AP严重程度判断的意义,并通过ROC曲线分析二者联合对AP严重程度评估的意义.结果:多因素Logistic回归分析发现,D-dimer对AP严重程度评估具有独立预测意义;随着BISAP评分增加,SAP的比率增加;BISAP评分系统评估AP严重程度以2为临界点时Youden指数最大(0.541),ROC曲线下面积为0.836(0.776-0.896),并不逊于传统评分系统;BISAP评分系统联合D-dimer能更好地评估AP患者的严重程度.结论:BISAP是临床判断AP轻重程度的简单有效的指标,将BISAP与D-dimer联合应用使得对AP严重程度的评估更为准确.     

Severe acute pancreatitis： Pathogenetic aspects and prognostic factors

Approximately 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis develop a severe disease associated with complications and high risk of mortality. The purpose of this study is to review pathogenesis and prognostic factors of severe acute pancreatitis （SAP）. An extensive medline search was undertaken with focusing on pathogenesis, complications and prognostic evaluation of SAP. Cytokines and other inflammatory markers play a major role in the pathogenesis and course of SAP and can be used as prognostic markers in its early phase. Other markers such as simple prognostic scores have been found to be as e~ective as multifactorial scoring systems （MFSS） at 48 h with the advantage of simplicity, efficacy, low cost, accuracy and early prediction of SAP. Recently, several laboratory markers including hematocrit, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, creatinine, matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） and serum amyloid A （SAA） have been used as early predictors of severity within the first 24 h. The last few years have witnessed a tremendous progress in understanding the pathogenesis and predicting the outcome of SAP. In this review we classified the prognostic markers into predictors of severity, pancreatic necrosis （PN）, infected PN （IPN） and mortality.     

胸腔积液联合血液浓缩对急性胰腺炎严重度评估的临床价值

目的：探讨胸腔积液、血液浓缩和二者的联合应用对急性胰腺炎疾病严重程度的评估价值，并观察胸腔积液与急性胰腺炎病因，并发症及死亡率的关系。方法：对136例急性胰腺炎住院患者作回顾性分析，急性胰腺腺炎及其严重度评估的标准依据患者的临床表现，实验室检查及增强CT检查。记录患者的胸片和红细胞压积检测结果，并分析胸腔积液与急性胰腺炎患者的病因，并发症及预后的相关性。结果：轻型急性胰腺炎（MAP）96例，重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）40例。SAP患者合并胸腔积液者18例（45％），有血液浓缩现象者6例（15％），胸腔积液和血液浓缩同时存在者5例（12．5％）；MAP患者合并胸腔积液者10例（10．4％），血液浓缩者2例（2．1％），无胸腔积液和血液浓缩同时存在者，两者相比有显著性差异（P＜0．01）；此外，胆源性急性胰腺炎合并胸腔积液者11例（14．4％），酒精性急性胰腺炎合并胸腔积液者5例（48．1％），P＜0．05，结论：胸腔积液，血液浓缩均可作为SAP的独立预测指标，但以胸腔积液联合血液浓缩最为准确。胸腔积液与酒精性急性胰腺炎的病因具有明显的相关性，但未发现胰腺局部并发症如胰腺假性囊肿以及患者死亡率与胸腔积液的关系。