DEB-TACE与cTACE治疗不可切除肝细胞性肝癌的疗效与安全性对比:系统综述与荟萃分析

目的经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞(transarterial chemoembolizatin,TACE)包括传统TACE(cTACE)和载药微球TACE(DEB-TACE)。本研究旨在比较两种TACE疗法治疗不可切除肝细胞性肝癌(以下简称肝癌)的效果和安全性。方法检索电子全文数据库PubMed,纳入比较DEB-TACE和cTACE治疗不可切除肝癌疗效/安全性的随机对照研究(Randomized controlled trail, RCT),检索年限为建库至2019年6月30日。使用Review Manager 5.3软件分析数据。结果最终纳入4项随机对照研究,共纳入475例患者,其中231例接受DEB-TACE治疗,244例接受cTACE治疗。DEB-TACE组的肿瘤反应率、不良反应发生率和cTACE组相似,无明显差异(所有P0.05)。结论 DEB-TACE和cTACE在治疗不可切除肝癌时具相似的安全性和有效性。     

对比载药微球经导管动脉化疗栓塞与常规经导管动脉化疗栓塞治疗中晚期肝细胞癌的效果及安全性

目的对比载药微球经导管动脉化疗栓塞(DEB-TACE)与常规经导管动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗中晚期肝细胞癌(HCC)的效果及安全性。方法回顾性分析86例中晚期HCC,其中41例接受DEB-TACE治疗(DEB-TACE组)、45例接受常规TACE治疗(TACE组);对比2组疗效、不良反应及预后。结果 DEB-TACE组客观缓解率(ORR)63.41%(26/41)、疾病控制率(DCR)70.73%(29/41),TACE组ORR 40.00%(18/45)、DCR 48.89%(22/45);DEB-TACE组ORR(χ~2=4.707,P=0.030)及DCR(χ~2=4.241,P=0.039)均高于TACE组。术后1周2组血清谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)及总胆红素(TBIL)水平均较术前升高(P均0.001),术后1个月与术前差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。DEB-TACE组患者中位无进展生存期(PFS)为8个月[95%CI(7,9)],TACE组为6个月[95%CI(5,7)],2组累积无进展生存率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.460,P=0.001)]。DEB-TACE组中位总生存期(OS)为19个月[95%CI(15,23)],TACE组为17个月[95%CI(10,24)],2组累积总生存率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.810,P=0.051)。结论 DEB-TACE治疗中晚期HCC效果好于TACE,二者安全性相当。     

金龙胶囊联合经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌的疗效和安全性的Meta分析

目的系统评价金龙胶囊联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗原发性肝癌临床疗效和安全性。方法检索Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed、OVID、Scopus、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、维普数据库和万方数据库,文献检索限定时间均从建库至2021年2月,纳入报道金龙胶囊联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌的随机对照试验,由两人独立筛选文献,提取数据及进行文献质量评价。运用RevMan 5.3软件对提取数据进行Meta分析。结果共纳入19项随机对照试验(共1740例患者),Meta分析结果显示:相比对照组,联合治疗组的客观缓解率更高[OR=2.23,95%CI(1.78,2.80),P <0.001],KPS评分[OR=2.59,95%CI(1.86,3.60),P <0.001],1年生存率[OR=1.77,95%CI(1.14,2.76),P=0.01]、2年生存率[OR=1.76,95%CI(1.12,2.75),P=0.01]优于对照组。此外,金龙胶囊还可提高机体免疫功能,减少不良反应的发生。结论金龙胶囊联合TACE可以提高原发性肝癌的疗效,提高患者的生活质量,减少不良反应的发生。但由于纳入的研究数量有限,金龙胶囊是否能改善肝癌患者长期生存率有待进一步研究,本研究结论尚需更多设计良好、严格执行的大样本随机对照双盲试验加以证实。     

阿帕替尼联合经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌疗效及安全性的Meta分析

目的:评价阿帕替尼联合经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效及安全性。方法:计算机搜索多个国内外数据库中公开发表的比较阿帕替尼联合TACE(试验组)与单独TACE(对照组)治疗中晚期肝癌的随机对照研究,检索时间从各数据库建库至2019年3月。提取文献资料并采用Cochrane风险评价表评价纳入文献质量,用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入8篇文献随机对照研究,共486例患者,试验组与对照组各243例。与对照组比较,试验组近期疗效(客观缓解率:OR=2.88,95%CI=1.80～4.62,P0.000 1;疾病控制率:OR=3.29,95%CI=1.96～5.53,P0.000 01)与远期疗效(6个月生存率:OR=2.89,95%CI=1.74～4.80,P0.000 1;12个月生存率:OR=2.37,95%CI=1.46～3.83,P=0.000 5;24个月生存率:OR=2.67,95%CI=1.41～5.04,P=0.002)均明显改善。试验组手足综合征和蛋白尿发生率较对照组明显升高(均P0.05),而其他不良反应如发热、恶心呕吐、腹泻、骨髓抑制、高血压等与对照组无统计学差异(均P0.05)。结论:阿帕替尼联合TACE治疗中晚期肝癌的近远期疗效均优于单独TACE治疗,但相关的副反应可能影响适用范围和患者生活质量。     

低位直肠癌侧方淋巴结清扫术的Meta分析

目的:探讨低位直肠癌侧方淋巴结清扫的意义。方法:计算机检索The Cochrane library、Pubm e d、EMbas e、CBM、维普数据库、中国知网、万方数据库,检索时间为2000年1月—2015年10月,纳入低位直肠癌侧方淋巴结清扫术的对比研究,用revman5.2处理数据,评价低位直肠癌侧方淋巴结清扫术的意义。结果:纳入公开发表的9篇临床对比研究,以低位直肠癌行侧方淋巴结清扫术患者为观察组,传统手术患者为对照组进行Meta分析。观察组手术时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义[MD=-42.48,95%CI(32.92,-52.04),P0.00001];观察组术中出血量大于对照组,差异有统计学意义[MD=-18.72,95%CI(5.60,31.83),P0.005];观察组局部复发率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义[OR=-0.52,95%CI(0.38,0.71),P0.0001];观察组3年生存率、5年生存率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,其合并OR和95%CI分别为OR=2.65,95%CI(1.76,3.99)(P0.00001)和OR=3.57,95%CI(2.05,6.22)(P0.00001)。结论:低位直肠癌行侧方淋巴结清扫术增加患者手术时间、出血量及术后并发症发生风险,但提高患者生存率。     

十一酸睾酮治疗LOH的疗效与安全性的Meta分析

目的:应用Meta分析的方法评价十一酸睾酮治疗迟发性性腺功能减退(LOH)的疗效及安全性。方法:计算机检索Pubmed(至2014年4月1日)、Embase(至2014年3月28日)、Cochrane library(至2014年4月17日)、中国生物医学文献数据库(2001年1月1日至2014年2月2日)、中国期刊全文数据库(2001年1年1至2014年2月2日)、万方数据库(2000年1月1日到至2014年2月2日)、维普数据库(2000年1月1至2014年2月2日)。检索已经阅读的文献的参考文献。纳入十一酸睾酮(TU)治疗LOH的随机对照试验。采用Rveman5.2软件对纳入的文献进行质量评价及Meta分析。结果:筛选后纳入文献14篇,共1686例患者,Meta分析显示:与安慰剂或空白对照组相比,经十一酸睾酮治疗后的血清总睾酮升高[SMD=6.22,95%CI(3.99,8.45),P0.01];血清游离睾酮升高[SMD=4.35,95%CI(1.86,6.85),P0.01];黄体生成素下降[WMD=-2.23,95%CI(-4.03,-0.42),P0.01];性激素结合球蛋白下降[WMD=2.00,95%CI(1.38,2.63),P0.05];PADAM症状量表评分降低[WMD=-9.29,95%CI(-12.96,-6.03),P0.01];AMS症状量表评分降低[WMD=-2.76,95%CI(-4.85,-0.66),P0.05],血红蛋白升高[SMD=2.35,95%CI(0.29,4.41),P0.05],血细胞压积升高[SMD=4.35,95%CI(1.36,7.33),P0.01];谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、前列腺特异抗原、前列腺体积等无显著性差异(P均0.05)。结论:十一酸睾酮能显著改善LOH患者的血清雄激素水平及临床症状,且未发现严重的不良反应;但由于纳入的研究数量较少,质量偏低,上述结论应用于临床需谨慎。     

磷酸钠与聚乙二醇电解质用于肠道预洁效果的系统评价

目的:系统评价磷酸钠和聚乙二醇电解质在结肠镜检查前肠道准备的安全性、有效性以及患者的耐受性。方法:计算机检索Pub Med、EMbase、cochrane library、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国科技期刊数据库、万方数据库,检索时间均从建库至2014年12月31日。根据纳入和排除标准,进行文献筛查、资料提取,使用Revman5.3进行数据处理。结果:最终纳入36随机对照试验,共4239例患者,Meta分析结果显示,全结肠清洁质量优良率,磷酸钠溶液优于聚乙二醇电解质液[OR=0.57,95%CI(0.43,0.74)P0.0001];磷酸钠组在血磷、血钠、血钾等方面安全性低于聚乙二醇[OR=2.37,95%CI(1.06,5.30),P=0.04];磷酸钠组的腹痛、腹胀、恶心、头晕等发生率低于聚乙二醇组[OR=0.38,95%CI(0.19,0.76),P=0.007]。结论:磷酸钠与聚乙二醇电解质清肠效果相当,磷酸钠组电解质紊乱的发生率高于聚乙二醇电解质散,耐受性方面磷酸钠优于聚乙二醇。     

清热凉血法治疗脑卒中后应激性溃疡的Meta分析

目的 对国内外已发表的有关中医清热凉血法治疗脑卒中后应激性溃疡的临床疗效及优势进行 Meta分析。方法:计算机检索中国医学文献数据库、维普数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、PubMed、Cochrane Library数据库,检索时限为建库至2022年11月,由2名评价者独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究偏倚后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入10项随机对照试验(RCT)文献,纳入病例总数1 044例,其中观察组488例,对照组566例。Meta分析结果显示:与对照组比较,中医凉血止血法联合常规西医治疗脑卒中后应激性溃疡患者总有效率更高[OR = 3.99,95%CI(2.40,6.63),P < 0.001]、病死率更低[OR = 0.43,95%CI(0.28,0.66),P< 0.001]、止血时间更快[MD = -15.73,95%CI(-19.40,-12.06),P < 0.001]、恢复清醒率更高[OR = 2.59,95%CI(1.58,4.23),P < 0.001]、恢复清醒时间更短[MD = -18.58,95%CI(-28.48,-8.67),P < 0.001]、不良反应发生率更低[OR = 0.19,95%CI(0.08,0.49),P < 0.001]。在治疗后胃液pH值方面,观察组和对照组未见明显差异[MD = 0.77,95% CI(-0.07,1.60),P = 0.07]。结论:清热凉血法联合常规西医治疗可以提高治疗有效率、降低病死率、降低不良反应发生率、缩短止血时间、提高昏迷患者恢复清醒率及缩短恢复清醒时间。但纳入文献质量偏低,尚需更高质量RCT研究进行验证。     

Meta分析回生口服液联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌疗效

目的采用Meta分析评估回生口服液联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌的安全性和有效性。方法通过计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pubmed、EMbase和Cochrane Library数据库中关于回生口服液联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌的文献,检索期限为自建库至2018年10月。采用Stata 15.0统计分析软件对纳入研究进行Meta分析。结果纳入8篇文献、共535例患者,其中回生口服液联合TACE治疗(试验组)270例,单纯TACE治疗(对照组)265例。Meta分析结果显示,试验组客观有效率[危险比(RR)=1.39,95%CI(1.19,1.63),P0.01]、疾病缓解率[RR=1.13,95%CI(1.04,1.23),P0.01]、Karnofsky功能状态评分改善率[RR=1.64,95%CI(1.36,1.98),P0.01]均显著提高。结论回生口服液联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌安全、有效。     

耳穴贴压治疗失眠疗效的Meta分析

目的系统评价耳穴贴压治疗失眠的疗效,为失眠患者的治疗提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、维普期刊资源整合服务平台(VIP)和万方数据知识服务平台(WanFang Data)等数据库中有关耳穴贴压治疗失眠的随机对照试验(RCT),追溯纳入文献的参考文献,文献检索时限为各数据库建库至2014年9月。按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7篇RCT,合计939例受试者。根据干预时间和对照组的干预方案进行亚组分析。Meta分析结果显示:1以干预时间为亚组分析:干预2周,耳穴贴压组的总有效率高于对照组[OR=10.66,95%CI(5.23,21.74),P0.01];干预1个月,耳穴贴压组的总有效率高于对照组[OR=4.54,95%CI(2.28,9.01),P0.01]。2以对照组治疗方案为亚组分析:与针刺组相比,耳穴贴压组总有效率高于针刺组[OR=7.70,95%CI(3.05,19.48),P0.01];与药物组相比,耳穴贴压组总有效率高于药物组[OR=7.76,95%CI(4.61,13.08),P0.01]。结论耳穴贴压治疗失眠有一定疗效,可提高患者的睡眠质量。但由于本次纳入文献差异性较大,故研究结果需谨慎对待,还需大样本、高质量的文献进一步证实其临床疗效。     

系统评价区域灌注和全身给药治疗重症急性胰腺炎的效果

目的系统评价持续性区域动脉灌注（CRAI）和全身给药治疗重症急性胰腺炎（sAP）的临床疗效。方法计算机检索PubMed、CochraneLibrary;EMbase、CNKI、CBM,同时手工检索相关期刊和会议论文集,均从建库至2012年7月,查找关于CRAI和全身给药治疗SAP的临床对照试验研究。按照纳入与排除标准选择试验、提取资料和评价其方法质量学后,采用RevManmanager5．0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入10个研究,597例患者。Meta分析结果显示：①治愈率：两种给药方式差异有统计学意义[OR=3．42,95％CI（2．14,5．45）,P〈O．00001];②中转手术率：两种给药方式差异有统计学意义[OR=0．39,95％CI（O．23,0．64）,P=0．0002];③继发感染率：两组差异有统计学意义[OR=0．24,95％CI（0．14,0．42）,P〈O．00001];④并发症发生率：两种给药方式差异有统计学意义[OR=0．28,95％CI（0．13,0．59）,P=0．0009]。结论CRAI和全身给药两种给药方式治疗SAP的有效性存在差异,CRAI在治愈率、中转手术率、感染发生率和并发症发生率方面更具优越性。     

Resección transuretral en bloque vs. resección transuretral convencional para el cáncer de vejiga primario no músculo-infiltrante: metaanálisis

IntroductionWe performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of en-bloc transurethral resection vs. conventional transurethral resection for primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.MethodsA systematic literature search up to January 2022 was done and 28 studies included 3714 primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer subjects at the start of the study; 1870 of them were en-bloc transurethral resection, and 1844 were conventional transurethral resection for primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. We calculated the odds-ratio (OR) and mean-difference (MD) with 95% confidence-intervals (CIs) to evaluate the effect of en-bloc transurethral resection compared with conventional transurethral resection for primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer by the dichotomous or continuous methods with random or fixed-effects models.ResultsEn-bloc transurethral resection had significantly lower twenty-four-month recurrence (OR: 0.63; 95%CI: 0.50-0.78; P < 0.001), catheterization-time (MD: –0.66; 95%CI: –1.02-[–0.29]; P < 0.001), length of hospital stay (MD: –0.95; 95%CI: –1.55-[–0.34]; P = 0.002), postoperative bladder irrigation duration (MD: –6.06; 95%CI: –9.45-[–2.67]; P < 0.001), obturator nerve reflex (OR: 0.08; 95%CI: 0.02-0.34; P = 0.03), and bladder perforation (OR: 0.14; 95%CI: 0.06-0.36: P < 0.001) and no significant difference in the 12-month-recurrence (OR: 0.79; 95%CI: 0.61-1.04; P = 0.09), the operation time (MD: 0.67; 95%CI: –1.92-3.25; P = 0.61), and urethral stricture (OR: 0.46; 95%CI: 0.14-1.47; P = 0.19) compared with conventional transurethral resection for primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer subjects.ConclusionsEn-bloc transurethral resection had a significantly lower twenty-four-month recurrence, catheterization time, length of hospital stay, postoperative bladder irrigation duration, obturator nerve reflex, bladder perforation, and no significant difference in the twelve-month recurrence, operation time, and urethral stricture compared with conventional transurethral resection for primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer subjects. Further studies are required.     

Effect of spinal versus general anesthesia on thirty-day outcomes following total hip arthroplasty: A matched-pair cohort analysis

Study objectiveIt has not yet been established whether total hip arthroplasty complications are associated with anesthetic technique (spinal versus general). This study assessed the effect of spinal versus general anesthesia on health care resource utilization and secondary endpoints following total hip arthroplasty.DesignPropensity-matched cohort analysis.SettingAmerican College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program participating hospitals from 2015 to 2021.PatientsPatients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (n = 223,060).InterventionsNone.MeasurementsThe a priori study duration was 2015 to 2018 (n = 109,830). The primary endpoint was 30-day unplanned resource utilization, namely readmission and reoperation. Secondary endpoints included 30-day wound complications, systemic complications, bleeding events, and mortality. The impact of anesthetic technique was investigated with univariate analyses, multivariable analyses, and survival analyses.Main resultsThe 1:1 propensity-matched cohort included 96,880 total patients (48,440 in each anesthesia group) from 2015 to 2018. On univariate analysis, spinal anesthesia was associated with a lower incidence of unplanned resource utilization (3.1% [1486/48440] vs 3.7% [1770/48440]; odds ratio [OR], 0.83 [95% CI, 0.78 to 0.90]; P < .001), systemic complications (1.1% [520/48440] vs 1.5% [723/48440]; OR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.64 to 0.80]; P < .001), and bleeding events requiring transfusion (2.3% [1120/48440] vs 4.9% [2390/48440]; OR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.42 to 0.49]; P < .001). On multivariable analysis, spinal anesthesia remained an independent predictor of unplanned resource utilization (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.84 [95% CI, 0.78 to 0.90]; c = 0.646), systemic complications (AOR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.64 to 0.81]; c = 0.676), and bleeding events (AOR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.42 to 0.49]; c = 0.686). Hospital length of stay was also shorter in the spinal anesthesia cohort (2.15 vs 2.24 days; mean difference, −0.09 [95% CI, −0.12 to −0.07]; P < .001). Similar findings were observed in the cohort from 2019 to 2021.ConclusionsTotal hip arthroplasty patients receiving spinal anesthesia experience favorable outcomes compared to propensity-matched general anesthesia patients.     

Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation in acute liver failure

BackgroundLiving Donor Liver Transplantation(LDLT) in acute liver failure(ALF) patients has been limited by concerns regarding donor safety, consent process and recipient outcomes. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review(SR) and meta-analysis to address the concerns about subpar LDLT outcomes in patients with ALF.MethodsWe retrieved a total of 5965 literature references in our SR. United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database was queried for patients over the age of 18, who underwent LDLT for “status 1” or “status 1A” listing.ResultsOf 427 articles reviewed, 3 studies comprising 2574 patients (192 underwent LDLT and 2382 DDLT), were included in the meta-analysis. One, 3,5-year patient and graft survival demonstrated no difference between LDLT and DDLT group: 1-year patient survival OR1.51; 95%CI [0.58,1.90]; 1-year graft survival OR 1.19; 95%CI [0.65–2.18]; 3-year patient survival OR 0.97;95%CI [0.52–1.88]; 3-year graft survival OR 1.21 95%CI [0.67–2.16]; 5-year patient survival 0.9; 95%CI [0.37–2.20]; 5-year graft survival OR 1.30; 95%CI [0.57–2.97]. UNOS database search returned only 3 patients that underwent LDLT for ALF compared to 1562 with DDLT, precluding comparison.ConclusionOne, 3, and 5-year patient and graft survival following LDLT vs DDLT transplantation were not statistically significantly different; however, due to limited number of studies further studies are warranted.     

骨髓间充质干细胞治疗下肢缺血性疾病疗效的Meta分析

目的采用Meta分析评价骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)治疗下肢缺血性疾病的疗效。方法对PubMed、EMbase及Cochrane Library数据库进行检索,收集与BMSCs治疗下肢缺血性疾病相关的临床对照研究,按照制定的纳入和排除标准进行文献筛选、提取资料。以RevMan 5.3软件对纳入文献进行Meta分析,比较BMSCs治疗组与对照组相关指标,包括截肢率、无截肢生存率、踝肱指数、溃疡愈合率、疼痛评分以及无痛行走距离。结果最终纳入5篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组比较,BMSCs组患者踝肱指数[均数差(MD)=0.15,95%CI(0.12,0.18),P0.000 01]、疼痛评分[MD=-1.38,95%CI(-1.65,-1.11),P0.000 01]、无痛行走距离[MD=202.20,95%CI(154.30,250.10),P0.000 01]及溃疡愈合率[相对危险度(RR)=1.42,95%CI(0.82,2.46),P=0.021]均明显改善;但两组患者截肢率[RR=0.52,95%CI(0.24,1.10),P=0.09]、无截肢生存率[RR=1.09,95%CI(0.98,1.21),P=0.12]差异均无统计学意义。结论 BMSCs治疗下肢缺血性疾病虽不能显著降低截肢率和提高无截肢生存率,但可以改善患者的临床症状。     

Impact of left ventricular ejection fraction on the outcomes of open repair of descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysms

ObjectiveTo discern the impact of depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on the outcomes of open descending thoracic aneurysm (DTA) and thoracoabdominal aneurysms (TAAA) repair.MethodsRestricted cubic spline analysis was used to identify a threshold of LVEF, which corresponded to an increase in operative mortality and major adverse events (MAE: operative death, myocardial infarction, stroke, spinal cord injury, need for tracheostomy or dialysis). Logistic and Cox regression were performed to identify independent predictors of MAE, operative mortality, and survival.ResultsDTA/TAAA repair was performed in 833 patients between 1997 and 2018. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed that patients with LVEF <40% (n = 66) had an increased risk of MAE (odds ratio [OR], 2.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-3.87; P < .01) and operative mortality (OR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.21-6.12; P = .02) compared with the group with LVEF ≥40% (n = 767). The group with LVEF <40% had a worse preoperative profile (eg, coronary revascularization, 48.5% vs 17.3% [P < .01]; valvular disease, 82.8% vs 49.39% [P < .01]; renal insufficiency, 45.5% vs 26.1% [P < .01]; respiratory insufficiency, 36.4% vs 21.2% [P = .01]) and worse long-term survival (35.5% vs 44.7% at 10 years; P = .01). Nonetheless, on multivariate regression, depressed LVEF was not an independent predictor of operative mortality, MAE, or survival.ConclusionsLVEF is not an independent predictor of adverse events in surgery for DTA.     

对比雷替曲塞与氟尿嘧啶TACE治疗中晚期原发性肝癌疗效及安全性:Meta分析

目的通过Meta分析对比采用雷替曲塞与氟尿嘧啶行TACE治疗中晚期原发性肝癌的疗效及安全性。方法结合计算机及人工检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库及中国知网收录的有关对比分析雷替曲塞与氟尿嘧啶TACE治疗中晚期原发性肝癌的文献,并从中提取相关资料。通过Meta分析方法对2种TACE的客观有效率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、患者总生存率(OS)及术后不良反应进行评价。结果最终8篇文献、共635例患者纳入分析。雷替曲塞TACE的ORR[相对危险度(RR)=1.25,95%CI(1.06,1.47),P=0.008]及DCR[RR=1.17,95%CI(1.08,1.26),P0.001]均高于氟尿嘧啶TACE,期间患者OS[RR=1.15,95%CI(0.95,1.39),P=0.141]及术后不良反应[恶心、呕吐:RR=0.90,95%CI(0.73,1.11),P=0.339;发热:RR=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.06),P=0.219;肝区疼痛:RR=0.90,95%CI(0.80,1.01),P=0.219;外周血白细胞减少:RR=0.89,95%CI(0.65,1.21),P=0.462;转氨酶升高:RR=0.96,95%CI(0.80,1.16),P=0.663]差异均无统计学意义。结论 TACE治疗中晚期原发性肝癌时,采用雷替曲塞较氟尿嘧啶疗效更优,安全性则相似。     

掌背侧不同入路钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折疗效的Meta分析

目的 :评价掌背侧不同入路钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床效果。方法 :计算机检索Medline,Embase,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI自1966年至2014年12月发表的掌背侧不同入路钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折疗效的所有临床随机对照试验,提取资料,对能进行合并分析的研究用Rev Man5.0软件进行Meta分析。结果:纳入6篇随机对照试验,2篇回顾性队列研究,分为掌侧组、背侧组,掌侧组187例,背侧组204例。Meta分析结果显示:与背侧组比较掌侧组在腕关节功能恢复[SMD=0.74,95%CI(0.47,1.01),P0.000 01],Gartland-Werley评分[SMD=-1.39,95%CI(-2.24,-0.53),P=0.001],术后神经损伤[OR=3.67,95%CI(1.37,9.84),P=0.01],术后腕关节疼痛[OR=0.32,95%CI(0.13,0.74),P=0.008]方面差异具有统计学意义。但是在术后DASH评分[SMD=-0.36,95%CI(-0.97,0.26),P=0.25],术后影像学结果评估[SMD=-0.18,95%CI(-0.53,0.16),P=0.3],术后握力[SMD=0.71,95%CI(-0.12,1.54),P=0.09],术后肌腱损伤[OR=0.31,95%CI(0.10,0.98),P=0.05],术后腕管综合征[OR=0.96,95%CI(0.63,1.48),P=0.87]方面差异无统计学意义。结论 :与背侧入路钢板内固定比较掌侧入路钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折在关节功能恢复情况具有优势,但术后远期并发症多。     

髓内钉与掌侧钢板内固定对桡骨远端骨折疗效的Meta分析

目的 :采用Meta分析评价髓内钉与掌侧钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法:计算机检索Pub Med、Cochrane Library、Web of science、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据期刊全文数据库(Wanfang Data)和维普数据库发表的关于髓内钉治疗桡骨远端骨折的随机对照试验(RCTs),检索时间为建库至2016年5月。按照纳入和排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料,按Cochrane Handbook质量评价标准对文献质量进行评价,采用Rev Man 5.2软件进行Meta分析,比较术后握力、临床疗效(屈伸、旋前后和桡尺偏斜)、影像学评估(尺骨变异、桡骨高度、掌倾角、尺偏角)以及术后并发症发生率。结果:共纳入6个随机对照试验,共370例。Meta分析结果示:髓内钉与掌侧钢板内固定组相比较,伸展[MD=5.63,95%CI(-7.01,18.27),P=0.38],屈曲[MD=3.10,95%CI(-0.67,6.86),P=0.11],旋前[MD=2.58,95%CI(-0.49,5.65),P=0.10],旋后[MD=0.82,95%CI(-1.89,3.54),P=0.55],桡偏[MD=-5.16,95%CI(-14.42,4.11),P=0.28],尺偏[MD=0.19,95%CI(-2.39,2.77),P=0.88],尺骨变异[MD=-0.01,95%CI(-0.43,0.42),P=0.97],尺偏角[MD=-0.31,95%CI(-1.37,0.73),P=0.56],桡骨高度[MD=-0.27,95%CI(-0.98,0.44),P=0.45],掌倾角[MD=0.29,95%CI(-0.41,0.99),P=0.42],握力[MD=-1.14,95%CI(-12.78,10.50),P=0.85]及术后并发症发生率[RR=0.71,95%CI(0.46,1.09),P=0.12]差异无统计学意义。结论:与掌侧钢板内固定相比,髓内钉治疗桡骨远端骨折的效果相当,不能降低术后并发症的发生,但目前样本量较少,将来应开展大样本量的前瞻性随机对照研究进一步验证髓内钉治疗桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。     

Factors associated with postoperative renal dysfunction and the subsequent impact on survival after open juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair

BackgroundRenal dysfunction is a well-described complication of open juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, but the associated risk factors and corresponding impact on survival are not well described.MethodsWe identified all patients not on hemodialysis undergoing open repair of nonruptured juxtarenal aneurysms in the Vascular Quality Initiative from 2003 to 2017. We used mixed-effects logistic regression to determine factors associated with in-hospital postoperative renal dysfunction, including acute kidney injury (AKI, defined as serum creatinine concentration increase >0.5 mg/dL) and new renal replacement therapy (RRT), as well as the association between postoperative renal function and perioperative mortality. Cox regression was used to determine the association between postoperative renal complications and long-term survival.ResultsWe identified 2635 open juxtarenal repairs, of which 621 (24%) were complicated by AKI. The majority of these (20% of the overall cohort) were AKI alone, but 2.2% required temporary RRT and an additional 1.7% were permanently dialysis dependent. Factors independently associated with postoperative renal dysfunction included renal-visceral ischemia time (per minute: odds ratio [OR], 1.01 [1.01-1.02]; P < .001), clamp site (above both renal arteries: OR, 1.4 [1.1-1.8; P = .02]; supraceliac: OR, 1.7 [1.1-2.5; P = .01]), statin use (OR, 1.5 [1.1-2.0]; P = .01), male sex (OR, 1.7 [1.2-2.2]; P = .002), and preoperative renal function (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] of 45-60 mL/min/1.73 m²: OR, 1.8 [1.3-2.5; P < .001]; GFR of 30-45 mL/min/1.73 m²: OR, 1.9 [1.2-2.8; P = .003]; GFR of <30 mL/min/1.73 m²: OR, 6.2 [3.1-12.2; P < .001]). When renal-visceral ischemia time was categorized, there was no difference in risk of postoperative renal dysfunction until >25 minutes, but risk increased stepwise thereafter (25-39 minutes: OR, 1.6 [1.2-2.1; P = .004]; 40+ minutes: OR, 2.6 [1.9-3.5; P < .001]). Neither mannitol nor the use of cold renal perfusion was associated with renal complications or mortality in the overall cohort, but cold renal perfusion was associated with lower risk of AKI when clamp times exceeded 25 minutes (OR, 0.4 [0.2-0.97]; P = .041). Postoperative renal dysfunction was associated with higher adjusted perioperative mortality (AKI: OR, 2.6 [1.4-5.0; P < .01]; RRT: OR, 10.5 [4.0-27.6; P < .001]) and significantly higher risk of long-term mortality (AKI: hazard ratio, 1.5 [1.0-2.1; P = .049]; RRT: hazard ratio, 5.8 [3.2-10.3; P < .001]).ConclusionsPostoperative renal dysfunction, even a mild elevation in creatinine concentration, is associated with higher perioperative and long-term mortality. Although the routine use of mannitol and cold renal perfusion was not associated with postoperative renal dysfunction after open juxtarenal repair, cold renal perfusion was associated with lower risk of AKI if clamp times exceeded 25 minutes.