雷公藤多甙对哮喘豚鼠炎症的抑制作用

目的：通过哮喘豚鼠模型研究雷公藤多甙（ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍｐｏｌｙｇｌｙｃｏｓｉｄｅ，ＴⅡ）对哮喘豚鼠炎症的抑制作用。方法：用卵白蛋白诱发致敏豚鼠哮喘发作，同时进行ＴⅡ与地塞米松（ｄｅｘａｍｅｔｈａｓｏｎｅ，ＤＥＸ）的对照治疗，观察豚鼠支气管－肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中细胞学、肺组织病理及超微结构的变化。结果：豚鼠诱发哮喘后２４ｈ和７２ｈＢＡＬＦ中炎性细胞、嗜酸细胞总数及其分类计数的结果显示，哮喘组较正常对照组明显增多，而ＴⅡ和ＤＥＸ治疗组尤其是ＴⅡ大剂量组则明显减少，与正常对照组比无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），与哮喘组比有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。组织形态学也显示ＴⅡ对哮喘豚鼠迟发性哮喘反应有明显的抑制作用。结论：ＴⅡ对哮喘豚鼠炎症有明显的抑制作用。     

地塞米松对哮喘豚鼠肺表面活性物质超微结构的影响

目的观察地塞米松对哮喘豚鼠肺表面活性物质系统(PS)超微结构的影响。方法18只雄性豚鼠随机分为3组,哮喘组豚鼠采用卵蛋白(OVA)致敏加雾化吸入激发的方法制成哮喘模型;地塞米松干预组豚鼠致敏和激发的方法同哮喘组,在第二次激发前给予腹腔注射地塞米松;正常对照组豚鼠用生理盐水腹腔注射加生理盐水雾化吸入。OVA激发结束后行肺组织固定,电子显微镜观察各组PS超微结构的变化。结果对照组PS层结构连续,肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞内含丰富板层小体。哮喘组PS层丧失正常的连续结构,肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞内板层体空泡化。地塞米松干预组PS层基本连续,肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞内板层体少量空泡化。结论哮喘豚鼠超微结构出现异常改变,应用地塞米松治疗后PS超微结构异常改变减轻。     

三氧化二砷对哮喘豚鼠肺内核因子-κB表达的影响

目的：研究Ａｓ２Ｏ３对哮喘豚鼠肺内核因子－κＢ（ｎｕｃｌｅａｒｆａｃｔｏｒ－ｋａｐｐａＢ，ＮＦ－κＢ）表达的影响及其作用机制。方法：豚鼠３０只随机分为３组，即对照组、哮喘组和Ａｓ２Ｏ３（２ｍｇ／ｋｇ）治疗组。采用免疫组织化学染色技术，即小鼠抗大鼠ｐ６５单克隆抗体（Ｆ－６）、生物素化马抗小鼠ＩｇＧ、二氨基联苯胺（ＤＡＢ）显色检测豚鼠气道壁ＮＦ－κＢ；计算机图像分析技术对气道壁ＮＦ－κＢ表达进行定量检测。结果：对照组豚鼠整个肺组织包括气管、支气管、肺泡和脏层胸膜构成了一个ＮＦ－κＢ阳性（ＮＦ－κＢ＋）细胞网络，其中支气管壁胞核ＮＦ－κＢ＋细胞密度为（２２０±７２）／ｍｍ２上皮面积；与对照组相比，哮喘组豚鼠气道壁胞核ＮＦ－κＢ＋细胞密度显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）；哮喘豚鼠经Ａｓ２Ｏ３处理后，气道壁胞核ＮＦ－κＢ＋细胞密度显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），但与对照组相比仍较高（Ｐ０．０１８）。结论：ＮＦ－κＢ激活增加是支气管哮喘重要的发病机制之一；下调肺内ＮＦ－κＢ激活细胞数量可能是Ａｓ２Ｏ３治疗哮喘的一个重要机制。     

哮喘对豚鼠肺表面活性物质的影响

肺表面活性物质（ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙｓｕｒｆａｃｔａｎｔ,ＰＳ）对于肺发挥正常呼吸功能有着重要的生理作用。已证实哮喘发作可能也与ＰＳ相对不足有关［１］,为此,我们从动物支气管肺灌洗液（ＢＡＬ）等方面论证了ＰＳ与哮喘的关系,以探讨ＰＳ在哮喘发病机制中的作用。一、材料和方法１动物分组：雄性豚鼠６０只（２５０～５００ｇ）,用随机数字表法将其随机分为对照组和哮喘组,每组３０只。每组再分肺病理形态观察组、ＢＡＬ中磷脂和蛋白定量测定组、ＢＡＬ表面活性测定组及支气管肺灌流组,每个亚组６只豚鼠。２模型建立：以…     

氨茶碱雾化吸入对正常及哮喘豚鼠气道粘膜的影响

目的 观察吸入氨茶碱对正常豚鼠气道粘膜的影响及对豚鼠哮喘的预防作用。方法 ３４只豚鼠随机分为６组：对照组、正常动物氨茶碱吸入组、哮喘组、哮喘豚鼠０．５％氨茶碱吸入组、哮喘豚鼠地塞米松吸入组、哮豚鼠０．５％氨茶碱＋地塞米松吸入组,分别行肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）、血清茶碱浓度及病理学检验。结果 正常动物吸入氨茶碱后气道粘膜上皮纤毛不完整,上皮细胞脱落,表面有炎性渗出,粘膜及粘膜下层炎性细胞浸润明显,肺泡     

钙ATP酶在豚鼠过敏性哮喘发病过程中的作用

本实验给致敏豚鼠吸入卵蛋白建立速发型过敏性哮喘的动物模型，观察了呼吸系总阻抗（Ｚｒｓ）及豚鼠肺组织钙ＡＴＰ酶（Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性的变化以及６５４－２，异搏定对二者的影响。结果表明哮喘组Ｚｒｓ明显高于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），肺组织Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显低于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），６５４－２有增Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性的作用。说明在过敏性哮喘的发病过程中Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性下降是其病理生理变化的一个重要因素，细胞内钙浓度升高可能与此有关。     

雷公藤多甙对哮喘豚鼠炎症的抑制作用

目的：通过哮喘豚鼠模型研究雷公藤多甙对哮喘豚鼠类症的抑制作用。方法：用卵白蛋白诱发致敏豚鼠哮喘发作，同时进行ＴⅡ与地塞米松（ＤＥＸ）的对照治疗，观察豚鼠支气管－肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中细胞学、肺组织病理及超微结构的变化。结果：豚鼠诱发哮喘后２４ｈ和７２ｈＢＡＬＦ中炎性细胞、嗜酸细胞总数及其分类计数的结果显示，哮喘组较正常对照组明显增多，而ＴⅡ和ＤＥＸ治疗组尤其是ＴⅡ大剂量组则明显减少，与正常对照组     

雷公藤对哮喘豚鼠嗜酸性细胞凋亡及IL-5和GM-CSF mRNA表达的研究

目的：探讨雷公藤对哮喘豚鼠酸性细胞（Ｅｏｓｉｎｏｐｈｉｌ,Ｅｏｓ）凋亡及与白介素－５（ＩＬ－５）,粒细胞／巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）ｍＲＮＡ表达的作用。方法：实验豚鼠分为哮喘组,雷公藤治疗组和下沉对照组,采用原位细胞凋亡（ＴＵＮＥＬ）和原位杂交技术分别检测豚鼠支气管肺泡灌洗涤中的Ｅｏｓ的凋亡率和肺组织ＩＬ－５,ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ ｍＲＮＡ的表达强度均显著高于处理和对照组,哮喘组ＢＡＬＦ中Ｅｏｓ     

低压缺氧治疗哮喘后血浆皮质醇BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞的变化

目的：探讨低压缺氧治疗哮喘的机制,方法：采用卵蛋白致敏和激发制成豚鼠哮喘模型,比较正常组,诱发哮喘发作后２４小时（发作组）,未经任何治疗哮喘豚鼠（对照组）以及低压缺氧治疗哮喘豚鼠（治疗组）的血浆皮质醇、支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中嗜酸性粒细胞（ＥＯＳ）和低密度嗜酸性粒细胞（ＨＥＯ）以及肺组织病理学变化。     

哮喘气道炎症粘附机制的实验研究

目的：评价细胞间粘附分子１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）、Ｐ选择素在哮喘气道炎症粘附机制中的作用,进一步阐明哮喘的发病机理。方法：用酶联免疫吸附试验、肺组织免疫组化检查和呼吸生理学方法系统观察正常组和哮喘组豚鼠各项指标。结果：（１）哮喘组豚鼠肺潮气量、动态肺顺应性（Ｃｄｙｎ）和肺气道阻力与对照组比较差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１及Ｐ＜０．０５）。（２）哮喘组豚鼠血浆和肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）可溶性ＩＣＡＭ－１（ｓＩＣＡＭ－１）、可溶性Ｐ选择素、血清和ＢＡＬＦ嗜酸粒细胞阳离子蛋白（ＥＣＰ）与对照组比较,差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）;ＢＡＬＦ中白细胞介素８（ＩＬ－８）与对照组比较差异也有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。（３）哮喘组豚鼠肺组织（气道上皮和血管内皮）ＩＣＡＭ－１和ＩＬ－８表达与对照组比较,差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＩＣＡＭ－１、Ｐ选择素、ＩＬ－８、ＥＣＰ参与介导了哮喘气道炎症的粘附过程。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.