气道内固定治疗连枷胸

在收治的２４６例严重多发性伤病人中，合并连枷胸５２例，占２１．１％。采用呼吸机通气气道内固定和胸带包扎外固定术治疗后，死亡率为７．７％。其疗产可靠，方法简单，提高了对严重胸部创伤的治愈率。     

手术内固定治疗连枷胸的临床研究

目的通过对连枷胸两种不同治疗方法的比较,探讨该病的优化治疗方案。方法将2005年1月-2012年11月收治的80例枷胸患者按入选标准分为：保守组40例,通过胸部外固定和（或）呼吸机内固定等方法治疗;手术组40例,采用镍钛记忆合金环抱式接骨器手术内固定骨折的肋骨,比较两种治疗方法和疗效及并发症情况。结果保守组和手术组各死亡3例,原因为呼吸道感染致呼吸衰竭,两组无差异,但ICU停留和住院天数、机械通气时间、呼吸道感染等并发症手术组明显低于保守组（P〈0．01）。手术组无胸壁畸形,而保守组有18例,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。出院3个月后,手术组患者部分肺功能指标显著优于保守组（P〈0．01）。结论手术治疗连枷胸可迅速稳定胸壁,消除反常呼吸和激烈疼痛对呼吸的影响,还可减轻连枷胸对患者远期肺功能的影响,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

连枷胸手术固定与非手术固定的临床研究

[目的]比较创伤性连枷胸胸腔镜结合肋骨环抱器内固定手术治疗与采用非手术治疗的效果.[方法]回顾性分析湖南省常德市第一人民医院2007年~2010年53例连枷胸的临床资料.治疗分组：A组（手术固定组） 29例、B组（包扎治疗组）24例.A组的治疗方法包括胸腔镜下清除血胸及采用记忆合金肋骨环抱器内固定.比较2种治疗方法的住院天数、疼痛感觉、出院情况等指标.[结果]A组胸腔镜结合肋骨环抱器内固定组在住院天数、疼痛感觉、出院情况、胸壁畸形和相关并发症均明显优于B组（P〈0.05）.[结论]应用胸腔镜联合记忆环抱器治疗多发性肋骨骨折具有创伤小、操作简便、固定可靠、组织相容性好及并发症少等优点,有利于促进骨折愈合和呼吸功能改善,是一种治疗多发性肋骨骨折较理想的方法.     

连枷胸的治疗

连枷胸是一种严重的胸部损伤,常出现明显的呼吸困难,危及病人生命。我科自１９９１年１１月～１９９７年１２月诊治连枷胸２８例,全部治愈,现报告如下。１　资料与方法１１　一般资料　本组病人２８例,男２６例,女２例。年龄２４～５８岁,平均３８４岁。致伤原因为车祸、房屋倒蹋及坠落等。发生于左胸８例,右胸１６例,双侧胸部４例。全部病人均有肺挫伤及血胸（迟发性血胸１１例）,伴有气胸８例,胸腹联合伤脾破裂５例,肝破裂３例,膈肌破裂３例。Ｘ线检查肋骨分别是５～１１根３～５处骨折,平均每例骨折７５６根３８５…     

创伤性连枷胸手术固定与康复治疗

目的：探讨连枷胸治疗方法。方法：对收治的２５例连枷胸病人其中１２例采取克氏针手术固定与康复治疗的综合治疗方法。结果：术后骨折肋骨基本复位，解除了胸壁软化，消除了反常呼吸，降低了ＡＲＤＳ的发生率，死亡１例。结论：克氏针手术固定及康复治疗连枷胸，手术操作简单，完全纠正胸廓畸形，减少并发症，加速康复，是治疗连枷胸的理想方法之一     

机械通气内固定治疗连枷胸伴严重肺挫伤的护理20例

连枷胸是较严重的胸部外伤,常合并肺挫伤,是胸部外伤死亡的原因之一.1996～2002年我院共收治连枷胸146例,其中20例伴严重肺挫伤行正压机械通气内固定治疗,治疗效果满意,现将护理体会报告如下.     

肋骨内固定术治疗创伤性连枷胸

目的 比较肋骨内固定术和外固定胸廓治疗创伤性连枷胸的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至2009年6月收治的86例以创伤性连枷胸为主的多发伤病例的临床资料,分为内固定组和外固定组.内固定组45例,采用镍钛记忆合金环抱式接骨器内固定肋骨骨折;外固定组41例,采用外固定胸廓非手术保守治疗.比较2组的临床疗效.结果 内固定组患者胸壁畸形均消失,而外固定组中有19例患者遗留胸壁畸形.内固定组患者平均住院时间、平均住ICU时间和平均机械通气时间均短于外固定组[(15.1±1.8)d与(22.9±2.8)d,t=-15.724;(5.7±1.5)d与(14.4±2.9)d,t=-17.711;(3.9±1.5)d与(11.6 ±2.3)d,t=-17.256;P均＜0.01],内固定组患者呼吸系统并发症[包括肺部炎症或(和)肺不张或(和)呼吸功能衰竭]的发生率低于外固定组(35.6%与70.7%,x2=10.641,P＜0.01).出院3个月后,内固定组患者肺功能指标包括肺总量、用力肺活量、1秒钟用力呼气容积、呼气峰流量、75%肺活量最大呼气流量均高于外固定组[(89.5±3.1)%与(79.1±5.1)%,t=11.705;(80.2±2.8)%与(69.8±3.8)%,t=14.241;(74.8±4.4)%与(71.9±3.6)%,t=3.201;(82.8±4.4)%与(79.8±4.9)%,t=2.885;(68.2±2.2)%与(61.9±2.9)%,t=11.286;P均＜0.01].结论 肋骨内固定手术治疗创伤性连枷胸,可以迅速纠正畸形,稳定胸廓,消除反常呼吸,治疗过程顺利,缩短重症监护及住院时间,减少并发症,还可以减轻连枷胸对患者远期肺功能的影响.采用镍钛记忆合金环抱式接骨器内固定肋骨,手术简单、方便,疗效确切.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the effects of rib internal fixation and thoracic external fixation in treatment of traumatic flail chest. Methods Eighty six cases of traumatic flail chest with multiple injuries,admitted to hospital from January 2006 to June 2009 ,were recruited into the study and divided into rib internal fixation and thoracic external fixation groups randomly. The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Rib internal fixations with Ti-Ni shape memory alloy embracing connector were performed in internal-fixation group(n = 45) and thoracic external fixations were performed in external-fixation group(n = 41). The outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results No patient in internal-fixation group developed chest wall deformity,while 19 patients in external-fixation group had chest wall deformity left. The mean times of hospital stay([ 15. 1 ± 1.8]d vs [22. 9 ±2. 8]d,t = - 15. 724,P ＜0. 01) ,ICU stay([5.7 ± 1.5]d vs [ 14. 4 ±2. 9]d,t =- 17.711, P ＜ 0. 01), and mechanical ventilation([ 3.9 ± 1.5 ] d vs [ 1 1.6 ± 2. 3 ] d, t = - 17. 256, P ＜ 0. 01),in internal-fixation group were significantly shorter than those in external-fixation group. The occurrence rate of respiratory complications (including pulmonary inflammation and (or) atelectasis and (or) respiratory failure)in internal-fixation group was significantly lower than those in external-fixation group(35.6% vs. 70. 7% ,x2 =10.641,P ＜ 0.01). Followed-up data of three months after discharge showed that the pulmonary function parameters, such as total lung capacity([ 89. 5 ± 3. 1 ] % vs. [ 79. 1 ± 5. 1 ] %, t = 11. 705, P ＜ 0. 01), forced vital capacity([ 80. 2 ± 2. 8 ] % vs. [ 69. 8 ± 3. 8 ] % ,t = 14. 241 ,P ＜0. 01) ,forced expiratory volume in the 1st second ([74.8 ±4.4]% vs. [71.9 ±3.6]% ,t =3.201,P ＜0.01),peak expiratory flow ([82.8 ±4.4]%vs. [79. 8 ±4. 9]% ,t =2. 885,P ＜0. 01) and forced expiratory flows at 75% of the vital capacity( [68.2 ±2. 2] % vs. [61.9 ± 2. 9 ]%, t = 11. 286; P ＜ 0. 01) were significantly higher in internal-fixation group than those in external-fixation group. Conclusion Rib internal fixation for traumatic flail chest can quickly correct chest wall deformity, stabilize thoracis and eliminate paradoxical chest wall movement. Patients accepted this treatment have a shorter therapy process during the intensive care unit and hospital stay, less pulmonary complications. They also show less long-term restrictive pulmonary functions impairment, when compared to the patients in the thoracic external fixation group. Rib internal fixation with Ti-Ni shape memory alloy embracing connector is a simple and effective therapy.     

呼吸机通气治疗连枷胸合并肺挫伤（附28例报告）

目的 探讨呼吸机对连枷胸合并肺挫伤的治疗价值.方法 对28例连枷胸合并肺挫伤患者根据病情的不同分别用有创和无创通气方式,用t检验对照比较治疗前和呼吸机治疗24h后pH、PaO2、PaCO2、HCO3-值.结果 呼吸机治疗前和呼吸机治疗24h后pH、PaO2、PaCO2、HCO3-差异有显著性（P＜0.01）.结论 呼吸机通气治疗连枷胸合并肺挫伤有较好疗效,可作为重症连枷胸合并肺挫伤的首选治疗方法.     

肋骨内固定术治疗创伤性连枷胸

Objective To compare the effects of rib internal fixation and thoracic external fixation in treatment of traumatic flail chest. Methods Eighty six cases of traumatic flail chest with multiple injuries,admitted to hospital from January 2006 to June 2009 ,were recruited into the study and divided into rib internal fixation and thoracic external fixation groups randomly. The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Rib internal fixations with Ti-Ni shape memory alloy embracing connector were performed in internal-fixation group(n = 45) and thoracic external fixations were performed in external-fixation group(n = 41). The outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results No patient in internal-fixation group developed chest wall deformity,while 19 patients in external-fixation group had chest wall deformity left. The mean times of hospital stay([ 15. 1 ± 1.8]d vs [22. 9 ±2. 8]d,t = - 15. 724,P ＜0. 01) ,ICU stay([5.7 ± 1.5]d vs [ 14. 4 ±2. 9]d,t =- 17.711, P ＜ 0. 01), and mechanical ventilation([ 3.9 ± 1.5 ] d vs [ 1 1.6 ± 2. 3 ] d, t = - 17. 256, P ＜ 0. 01),in internal-fixation group were significantly shorter than those in external-fixation group. The occurrence rate of respiratory complications (including pulmonary inflammation and (or) atelectasis and (or) respiratory failure)in internal-fixation group was significantly lower than those in external-fixation group(35.6% vs. 70. 7% ,x2 =10.641,P ＜ 0.01). Followed-up data of three months after discharge showed that the pulmonary function parameters, such as total lung capacity([ 89. 5 ± 3. 1 ] % vs. [ 79. 1 ± 5. 1 ] %, t = 11. 705, P ＜ 0. 01), forced vital capacity([ 80. 2 ± 2. 8 ] % vs. [ 69. 8 ± 3. 8 ] % ,t = 14. 241 ,P ＜0. 01) ,forced expiratory volume in the 1st second ([74.8 ±4.4]% vs. [71.9 ±3.6]% ,t =3.201,P ＜0.01),peak expiratory flow ([82.8 ±4.4]%vs. [79. 8 ±4. 9]% ,t =2. 885,P ＜0. 01) and forced expiratory flows at 75% of the vital capacity( [68.2 ±2. 2] % vs. [61.9 ± 2. 9 ]%, t = 11. 286; P ＜ 0. 01) were significantly higher in internal-fixation group than those in external-fixation group. Conclusion Rib internal fixation for traumatic flail chest can quickly correct chest wall deformity, stabilize thoracis and eliminate paradoxical chest wall movement. Patients accepted this treatment have a shorter therapy process during the intensive care unit and hospital stay, less pulmonary complications. They also show less long-term restrictive pulmonary functions impairment, when compared to the patients in the thoracic external fixation group. Rib internal fixation with Ti-Ni shape memory alloy embracing connector is a simple and effective therapy.     

连枷胸治疗探讨

作者总结了近12年来连枷胸治疗体会，连枷胸与肺挫伤的关系，在治疗肺挫伤的同时行肋骨外牵引术，以及连你胸合并ARDS的治疗。     

创伤性浮动胸壁临床治疗62例体会

目的 :总结创伤性浮动胸壁的治疗体会。方法 :2 0年收治创伤性浮动胸壁 62例。手术内固定 14例 ,非手术治疗4 8例 ,其中非固定治疗 36例 ,加压包扎固定 12例。结果 :治愈 58例 ,死亡 4例。 2例因创伤性休克死亡 ,另外 2例分别并发呼衰及严重颅脑损伤而死亡。结论 :对创伤性浮动胸壁 ,采用以治疗肺挫伤为主的综合治疗 ,不排除固定胸壁在治疗中的应用     

机械通气治疗连枷胸合并呼吸衰竭16例

目的探讨连枷胸致呼吸衰竭的病理生理、机械通气治疗的指征、模式参数调节及撤离.方法总结16例采用机械通气治疗的连枷胸合并呼吸衰竭病例的临床治疗过程及转归.结果其中13例经机械通气4～14d后一次性成功脱机,转普通病房继续治疗5～1 3d后出院;3例死亡病例分别死于重度颅脑损伤及失血性休克.结论连枷胸如有机械通气指征,应尽早使用.机械通气模式可选用SIMV(同步间歇指令通气)+PSV(压力支持),宜选择偏高潮气量(10～12ml/kg),PEEP(呼气末正压)有利于病情恢复.浅快呼吸指数(f/VT)是目前撤机最有预测价值的指标.     

连枷胸91例临床救治分析

目的 比较连枷胸的治疗方式和疗效的不同,探讨连枷胸救治经验。方法回顾性分析我院于1995年1月至2008年6月所收治的91例连枷胸患者的临床资料。结果按时期不同分为两组：2组中采取有创治疗措施增多;两不同时期组伤情严重度比较无差别,但1组死亡率（25％）明显高于2组（6.3％）（P〈0.05）;按治疗方式不同分为两组：有创治疗组伤情量化较保守治疗组重（P〈0.05）,而两组死亡率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,且有创治疗组中残留胸廓畸形例数、肺不张发生率明显低于保守治疗组（P〈0.05）。结论 连枷胸积极的有创治疗效果优于保守治疗;提高连枷胸患者生存率的主要措施是早期稳定胸壁与治疗肺挫伤并重,保持呼吸道通畅,有效止痛,适时给予机械通气,预防和治疗呼吸功能不全和肺部感染。     

胸部创伤187例临床分析

本文报告胸部创伤187例,全组死亡6例,死亡率3.2％。根据本组治疗经验,作者认为:1.浮动胸壁的治疗,不过分强调固定胸壁,而着眼于肺挫伤的处理;2.胸部严重钝挫伤后,无论胸廓有无骨折都有可能出现延迟性血气胸;3.伴有膈肌贯穿伤的胸腹外伤才能称为胸腹联合伤;4.腹腔穿刺是诊断腹内脏器伤的有效手段。     

创伤性连枷胸的救治

目的 探讨创伤性连枷胸的抢救与治疗方法，提高治愈率。方法 回顾性分析78例连枷胸患者的临床资料，总结其救治方法。采用外固定与治疗肺挫伤并重，及时有效的气管切开和呼吸机支持治疗，防止并发症发生。结果 治愈76例，死亡2例，治愈率97．44％。气管切开32例，呼吸机支持呼吸44例。结论 对创伤性连枷胸患者进行及时有效的治疗、早期行气管切开度呼吸机支持呼吸，可防止急性呼吸窘迫综合征的发生，提高治愈率。     

创伤性连枷胸48例临床治疗分析

目的探讨创伤性连枷胸的治疗方法。方法分析48例创伤性连枷胸患者机械通气后血气分析等各种参数的变化及手术治疗的疗效。结果 22例患者行机械通气24小时后动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)和脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)均较治疗前明显改善(P0.001);手术治疗23例,ICU住院时间(3.39±2.29)天,肺部感染2例(8.70%),血管活性药物使用率17.39%(4/23);全组死亡2例,明显低于预测死亡风险。结论有创机械通气不仅能固定连枷胸,而且可有效改善氧合,与手术治疗有效结合,可显著改善连枷胸患者预后。     

CHEST INJURIES,WHAT THE SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPIST SHOULD KNOW

Chest injuries in contact and collision sports are relatively rare, particularly those that are life threatening. However, as with every sports related injury, one must initially consider life threatening situations that may occur as a result of collision with another player, a stationary object, or being struck with some type of object (missile). In other words, as is the case in all acute sports injury assessment, the mechanism of injury must be considered when evaluating the injured athlete on the field as well as on the sidelines. The Sports Physical Therapist (PT) must look for several initial life threatening conditions as well as be aware of and monitor for the development of these symptoms during the subsequent evaluation of the athlete. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to review the presentation and management of several emergent conditions associated with injuries to the chest and thorax.     

连枷胸伴肺挫伤92例外科治疗体会

[目的]总结重症胸外伤连枷胸伴肺挫伤的临床经验.[方法] 回顾分析2006年1月至2011年6月期间在本院诊治的连枷胸伴肺挫伤92例,其中通过手术进行肺修补,胸腔血肿清除,同时应用记忆合金环抱式接骨板对重点肋骨骨折行内固定等治疗的52例,与同期非手术组40例比较,比较其临床疗效.[结果] 随访3～6个月,所有病例均治愈,全组无死亡病例.手术组胸廓畸形率、住院时间、抗生素使用时间、ICU住院时间、中度以上的疼痛、呼吸支持天数、肺部感染率均明显低于非手术组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.[结论]应用记忆合金环抱式接骨板行重点部位肋骨骨折内固定治疗连枷胸伴肺挫伤,可以减少并发症,有利于患者的快速康复.