Laser pneumatic retinopexy for repair of recurrent retinal detachment after failed scleral buckle--ten years experience

BACKGROUND: Although pneumatic retinopexy was introduced for the repair of primary retinal detachments, we have had excellent long-term success in employing this technique along with laser photocoagulation following failure of routine scleral buckle surgery in nonvitrectomized eyes over the last 10 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We categorized a consecutive series of 40 eyes that failed primary scleral buckling surgery and had at least six months follow-up. Eyes were separated into two groups: those with 1) subretinal fluid persisting or developing during the first 14 days after surgery or 2) those accumulating subretinal fluid at least 14 days after initially successful anatomic reattachment of the retina. RESULTS: In these groups, 36 of the 40 eyes (90%) were successfully reattached using outpatient pneumatic retinopexy alone. Complications were limited to the production of new retinal breaks in 5 patients. The 4 pneumatic retinopexy failures were all subsequently treated successfully with either scleral buckle revision or vitrectomy. CONCLUSION: We believe that laser pneumatic retinopexy repair of recurrent retinal detachments following scleral buckle and without significant proliferation vitreoretinopathy (PVR) should be considered ahead of conventional surgical intraoperative techniques. Laser pneumatic retinopexy may be a very successful procedure for the treatment of recurrent retinal detachments after failed scleral buckle surgery. In a consecutive series of 40 eyes with recurrent retinal detachment, we were able to repair 36 with pneumatic retinopexy alone.     

Rhegmatogenous PVR detachment: long-term results after extraocular minimal scleral buckling

BACKGROUND: To present the long-term anatomical and functional results and the dynamics of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after precise segmental scleral buckling without drainage, known as extraocular minimal surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective study 172 consecutive rhegmatogenous PVR detachments were included which were operated on between January 1994 and February 1996 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Higher Medical Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, with cryopexy and segmental scleral buckling without drainage. The follow-up ranged between 54 and 79 months (xmacr; 5S years). In 43 eyes was a PVR stage A, in 50 stage B, in 60 stage CP, and in 19 a PVR stage CA. All detachments were studied precisely for retinal breaks pre- and intraoperatively and the breaks tamponaded by a precise buckle. RESULTS: 1. Anatomical results: Complete retinal reattachment in 145 eyes (84 %) after 1 operation and in 148 eyes (86 %) after reoperation, residual tractional detachment with reattached macula in 12 eyes (7 %) and detachment due to progression of PVR in 12 eyes (7 %). 2. Functional results: Postoperative visual acuity ranged between 0.3 and 1.0 in 111 eyes after xmacr; 5S years. 3. Dynamics of PVR: In 113 detachments (65,7 %) PVR regressed completely and in 12 (7 %) it progressed; among these were 8 eyes with preoperative PVR-CA and 4 eyes with PVR-CP. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of PVR detachments with nondrainage and minimal buckling provides good anatomical results with macular reattachment in 93 %, resulting in good long-term visual function. Results were best in detachments with PVR stage A, B and CP.     

Retinal detachment in Marfan syndrome: clinical characteristics and surgical outcome

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical characteristics of retinal detachments in patients with Marfan syndrome and report the surgical outcome of vitreoretinal surgery. METHODS: Records relating to 53 eyes of 45 patients with Marfan syndrome who underwent surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were reviewed. Of the 53 eyes, 24 (45.3%) underwent scleral buckling as the first procedure and 29 (54.7%) underwent vitrectomy surgery with scleral buckle as the first procedure. Main outcome measures included clinical characteristics of retinal detachment, reattachment rates, and functional improvement in vision. RESULTS: Characteristic findings included total retinal detachment in 40 (75.5%) eyes, atrophic holes in 24 (45.3%) eyes, more than four retinal breaks in 21 eyes (39.6%), preequatorial and postequatorial breaks in 20 (37.7%) eyes, giant retinal tears in six (11.3%) eyes, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (posterior, anterior, or both) in nine (17%) eyes. In 30 (56.6%) eyes, retinal breaks were located only in the temporal half of the retina. Of the 24 eyes with myopia, 13 (54.2%) had a myopic correction greater than 7 diopters. At the median follow-up of 10.7 months, complete retinal reattachment was obtained in 87.6% and 86.2% of patients undergoing scleral buckling (including additional procedures such as vitrectomy) and vitrectomy surgery, respectively. In eyes with reattached retinas, a final visual acuity of 20/200 or better was obtained in 81% of the patients after scleral buckling and in 56% of the patients after vitrectomy surgery (P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: Retinal detachment in Marfan syndrome is complete in 75% of the eyes. More than half (56%) the eyes had a retinal break only in the temporal half of the retina, and 83% had at least a break in the temporal half of the retina. Currently available vitreoretinal surgical techniques result in successful reattachment of the retina in approximately 86% of the eyes.     

Visual and surgical outcomes of retinal detachment following macular hole repair

OBJECTIVE: To characterize 20 cases of retinal detachment (RD) following surgical repair of macular holes. METHODS: Retrospective review of 20 eyes in 16 patients (4 patients [25%] had bilateral macular hole repairs with subsequent RD) who developed RD in the same eye in which surgical repair of a macular hole had been performed. RESULTS: Twenty detachments in 16 patients were reviewed. The average duration between macular hole repair and presentation of RD was 5.5 weeks. The inferior retina was involved more frequently than the superior retina. A total of 76% of all breaks were located inferiorly. Ten of the 20 eyes were asymptomatic at the time the detachment was diagnosed. Of the 20 eyes, 19 underwent surgical repair, all with anatomic reattachment. At final follow-up, the macular hole was closed in all 20 eyes, and 60% of the patients had final visual acuity improved by 2 lines or more over that before their macular hole repair. CONCLUSION: Retinal detachment is a complication of macular hole surgery. These detachments tend to occur within the first 2 months of follow-up, and have a high success rate of anatomic reattachment with surgery. The occurrence of RD does not preclude improved final visual acuity.     

Anatomic and visual results in asymptomatic clinical rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repaired by scleral buckling

PURPOSE: To report presenting characteristics as well as anatomic and visual results in asymptomatic clinical rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repaired by scleral buckling. METHODS: Review of 28 eyes of 27 patients with an asymptomatic clinical retinal detachment-defined as a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with subretinal fluid extending more than 2 disk diameters posterior to the equator-which were repaired by scleral buckling from January 1989 through December 1996 with follow-up of 6 months or longer. RESULTS: With a single scleral buckling procedure, anatomic reattachment of the retina occurred in all eyes; one eye redetached 14 months after the initial surgery secondary to a new retinal break and was successfully reattached. All eyes had best-corrected presenting and final visual acuity of 20/50 or better. Final best-corrected Snellen visual acuity was within 1 line of best-corrected presenting visual acuity in 82% of eyes; three eyes improved more than 1 line of Snellen visual acuity and two eyes lost more than 1 line. CONCLUSION: Anatomic and visual results in asymptomatic clinical rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after scleral buckling surgery are excellent. Strong consideration should be given to repair of these detachments.     

Late recurrences more than 1 year after primary successful surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

BACKGROUND: Recurrent retinal detachment following initial successful surgery usually occurs in the early postoperative course. Redetachment after 1 or more years of complete retinal reattachment is a rare event. The present study investigates the frequency and causes of late recurrences. PATIENTS/MATERIAL AND METHODS: A consecutive series of 2,232 eyes that presented with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) were treated between January 1994 and December 2006. Among them were 30 cases (30 eyes) presenting with late recurrent RD (1.34 %). We compared the clinical characteristics of initial and late recurrent RD. RESULTS: Over the 13-year period, 54.5 % of rhegmatogenous RD cases were treated with scleral buckling, 42.5 % using vitrectomy techniques and 2.55 % with pneumatic retinopexy. Late recurrent RD occurred 1.1 - 10.4 years (average 3.8, SD 2.56) after initially successful surgery. Previous surgery included scleral buckling in 24 eyes (80 %), vitrectomy in 5 eyes (16.7 %) and pneumatic retinopexy in another eye (3.3 %). At the time of initial treatment, primary reattachment rate was 93.3 % and final 100 %. At the time of late redetachment, the anatomic situation appeared more complex. Accordingly, most eyes were treated by vitrectomy (73.3 %), and only 23.3 % using buckling techniques. Furthermore, the numbers of reoperations to achieve reattachment increased from 6.6 % to 23.3 %. Major causes for late failures were vitreous base traction leading to new or reopened breaks and PVR. Three eyes showed these complications immediately after complicated anterior segment surgery. Comparing visual outcomes after initial (preop logMAR 0.57 +/- 0.7 and postop 0.38 +/- 0.43) and late (preop logMAR 0.87 +/- 0.71 and postop 0.66 +/- 0.5) RD, functional prognosis is worse when redetachment occurs. Nonetheless, in 50 % of eyes useful vision (>or= 20 / 50) was retained by repeat surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent retinal detachment that presents after more than 1 year of complete reattachment occurs in 1.34 % of cases according to the present study. We found a higher rate after scleral buckling compared to vitrectomy. The most important reasons for late failures are vitreous base traction and periretinal proliferations that clinically appear as new or reopened tears or as PVR. Recurrences show a more difficult retinal situation and require more extensive surgical interventions. Based on the anatomic and functional success rates, repeat surgical procedures are worth considering.     

Retinal detachment in East Africa

PURPOSE: To report the causes of retinal detachment in an African setting and the outcome after surgery. DESIGN: Noncomparative interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 361 eyes in 345 patients. METHODS: Data were collected from patients' case notes. A minimum of 2 months' follow-up was available for 254 eyes. Risk factors for poor anatomic or visual outcome were analyzed by logistic regression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary anatomic success, which was defined as an attached retina at least 2 months after the initial surgery, without any additional interventions; final anatomic success, defined as an attached retina at least 2 months after the latest intervention; and visual outcome, defined as the corrected visual acuity at least 2 months after the last operation. RESULTS: The macula was detached at presentation in 332 (91.9%) eyes. In 203 (56.2%) eyes, the retina had been detached for >1 month. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR)-grade C1 or worse-was present in 63 (17.5%) eyes. Thirty eyes (8.3%) had giant retinal tears. Ninety-five patients (27.5%) were blind (<20/400 in the better eye) at presentation. The retina was successfully reattached with 1 operation in 186 (73.2%) eyes. The most frequent cause of primary failure was missed breaks or new breaks. The final anatomic success rate in eyes observed for at least 8 weeks after the last operation was 88.2%. Giant retinal tear and PVR were significant independent predictors of anatomic failure. In eyes with successfully reattached retinas, 63.9% achieved 20/200 vision or better. Among successfully reattached macula-off detachments, risk factors for a poor visual outcome (<20/200) were macular hole, duration of retinal detachment >1 month, and poor preoperative acuity. Of 74 blind patients with 2 months' follow-up, only 23 (31.1%) remained blind at the latest follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Retinal detachment is a treatable cause of blindness in Africa. Despite late presentation and complex pathology, surgical repair is frequently successful and often restores navigational vision. Greater emphasis should be given to the recognition and treatment of retinal detachment in regional training programs for ophthalmologists and primary eye care workers.     

Primary vitrectomy for pseudophakic retinal detachment.

AIM/BACKGROUND: Viewing the peripheral retina is the major problem in the repair of pseudophakic retinal detachments. Conventional buckling procedures in pseudophakic eyes are complicated by persistent retinal (re-) detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) more often than in phakic eyes. METHODS: Primary vitrectomy was performed in 33 consecutive cases for pseudophakic retinal detachment with the help of liquid perfluorocarbons and a wide angle viewing system, following a standardised procedure. All eyes have passed the 12 month follow up examination. RESULTS: The primary reattachment rate was 94%. PVR was observed in one case (3%). Seventy nine per cent (26 eyes) regained vision of 20/50 or better, with a median visual acuity of 20/30. The most frequent complication was transient glaucoma during the early postoperative period in 48% (16 eyes) requiring carboanhydrase inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The main advantage of primary vitrectomy over conventional buckling seems to be the better intraoperative sight to the most peripheral retinal holes, controlled removal of vitreous traction, and focused endolaser coagulation. This may explain the low rate of PVR after primary vitrectomy. Also, visual results tended to be better compared with conventional surgical techniques possibly because of removed vitreous opacities, and because of a superior retinal reattachment rate as well as the reduced rate of PVR.     

C3F8填充眼视网膜脱离复发再手术临床分析

目的探讨全氟丙烷（C3F8）填充眼复发视网膜脱离的原因、手术方式选择及其临床疗效。方法回顾分析52例（56眼）玻璃体切除手术联合C3F8填充眼复发视网膜脱离的临床资料,寻找复发原因,并根据复发原因,进行再次手术,术后随访至少6个月。结果C3F8填充眼的视网膜下方脱离占57．14％,复发原因有：增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）,特别是前段PVR的发展牵引致新孔形成或原孔开放占62．50％（35／56）,气体顶压不良裂孔重新开放占21．43％（12／56）,单纯原裂孔未封闭或封闭不好占8．93％（5／56）,其他原因占7．14％（4／56）。再次手术出院时视网膜均解剖复位,随访过程中出现复位术后视网膜再脱离5例（6眼）,最终成功率为89．29％（50／56）。术后矫正视力提高28例（30眼）,矫正视力不变11例（12眼）,矫正视力下降13例（14眼）。结论C3F8填充眼视网膜再脱离多以下方为主,再脱离与术后PVR发展再牵引、术中未充分松解对视网膜的牵引等密切相关。要术前正确评定玻璃体状态及可能的发展方向,根据视网膜裂孔及PVR情况,彻底清除PVR增生膜,恢复视网膜活动度,选择适当的封孔方法和眼内填充物,仍可取得较为理想的疗效。     

Retinal detachment after phacoemulsification.

We reviewed the characteristics of 100 retinal detachments after phacoemulsification. The characteristics of retinal breaks and the configurations of the detachments were similar to cases of retinal detachments after intracapsular surgery. Evidence indicates that detachments occurring within six months of cataract surgery appeared to be statistically different from those occurring more than one year after phacoemulsification. Those detachments occurring within six months after cataract surgery tended to be more phakic in nature than those occurring relatively late. The surgical reattachment rates in these eyes compared favorably to previously published figures on the repair of retinal detachment after intracapsular surgery.     

Retinal detachment in phakic eyes with anterior chamber intraocular lenses to correct severe myopia

PURPOSE: To analyze the incidence and characteristics of retinal detachment in patients with severe myopia corrected by implantation of phakic anterior chamber intraocular lenses. METHODS: We studied retinal detachments in 166 consecutive eyes (98 patients) that underwent implantation of angle-supported phakic anterior chamber intraocular lenses (models ZB5M and ZB5MF; Domilens; Lyon, France) for the correction of severe myopia (follow-up +/- SD, 45.26 +/- 14.65 months; range, 20 to 84 months). RESULTS: Retinal detachment occurred in eight eyes (4.8%); four eyes belonged to men and four to women. The time between implanting surgery and retinal detachment was 17.43 +/- 16.4 months (range, 1 to 44 months). In all cases, retinal detachment was spontaneous. In seven eyes, the retina was reattached successfully during the first retinal detachment surgery. Mean best-corrected visual acuity after phakic anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and before retinal detachment development was 20/50 (range, 20/100 to 20/25). After retinal detachment repair, best-corrected visual acuity was 20/73 (range, 20/2000 to 20/33). In these seven eyes, differences between best-corrected visual acuity before and after reattachment were not statistically significant (P = .898, paired Student t test). In one eye, a proliferative vitreoretinopathy was observed, which required additional treatment by vitrectomy and explantation of the phakic anterior chamber intraocular lens. A refractive change was observed after retinal detachment repair, from -1.1 +/- 0.7 diopters (range, 0.00 to -2.50 diopters) before retinal detachment and -2.8 +/- 1.1 diopters (range, -1.00 to -4.50 diopters) after retinal detachment surgery (P = .03, paired Student t test). CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of a phakic anterior chamber intraocular lens as a correcting procedure for severe myopia was followed by a 4.8% incidence of retinal detachment. Conventional scleral surgery was successful in most cases, without causing significant changes in the final best-corrected visual acuity. A significant increase in the myopic spherical equivalent was observed after retinal detachment repair in these patients.     

玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

目的 探讨玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离（ｔｒｔｉｎａｌ ｄｅｔａｃｈｍｅｎｔ,ＲＤ）的效果。方法 对３２例（３２只眼）植入人工晶状体后ＲＤ患眼行玻璃体除术,其中首次治疗采用玻璃体切除术１１只眼（３４．４％）,巩膜扣带术失败后再行玻璃体切除术２１只眼（６５．６％）,玻璃体切除术中联合硅油充填１０只眼（３１．３％）,玻璃体切除术同时行人工晶状体取出１２只眼（３７．５％）。术后随诊６个月至５年     

Retinal detachment in myopic eyes after laser in situ keratomileusis

PURPOSE: To report the characteristics and surgical outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in myopic eyes after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: Clinical charts of patients that developed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after LASIK were reviewed. Surgery to repair rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was performed in 31 eyes (mean follow-up of 14 months after vitreoretinal surgery). RESULTS: A total of 38,823 eyes underwent surgical correction of myopia from -0.75 to -29.00 D (mean -6.00 D). Thirty-three eyes (27 patients; frequency .08%) developed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after LASIK; detachments occurred between 12 days and 60 months (mean 16.3 mo) after LASIK. Eyes that developed a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment had a mean -8.75 D before LASIK. Most rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and retinal breaks occurred in the temporal quadrants (71.1%). Final best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) of 20/40 or better was obtained in 38.7% of the 31 eyes (two patients refused surgery). Poor final visual acuity (20/200 or worse) occurred in 22.6% of eyes. Information regarding visual acuity after LASIK and before the development of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was available in 24 eyes; 45.8% (11/24 eyes) lost two or more lines of visual acuity after vitreo-retinal surgery. Reasons for poor visual acuity included the development of proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (n=5), epiretinal membrane (n=1), chronicity of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (n=1), new breaks (n=1), displaced corneal flap (n=1), and cataract. CONCLUSIONS: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after LASIK for myopia is a serious complication. Final visual acuity may be limited by myopic degeneration, amblyopia, or delayed surgical repair.     

Preservation of anterior capsule during vitrectomy and lensectomy for retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy

PURPOSE: To report a series of 15 eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) or at high risk for advanced PVR, which underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and lensectomy (PPL) with preservation of the anterior capsule. DESIGN: Retrospective noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen consecutive patients with retinal detachment and varying degrees of PVR in one eye. METHODS: All eyes had undergone PPV and PPL with preservation and polishing of the anterior capsule and had at least 6 months of follow-up. Of the 15 eyes, grade C PVR was present preoperatively in 11 and was anterior in 5. Seven of 15 eyes had gas and 8 of 15 had silicone oil tamponade. Eight of 15 eyes had subsequent posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) placement; 5 eyes had simultaneous silicone oil removal. One eye had a PCIOL placed at the time of the PPL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity, retinal reattachment, complications of gas or silicone oil tamponade, and anterior capsular clarity. RESULTS: Fourteen eyes had complete retinal reattachment at the final visit (1 of 15 had macular redetachment only). Final visual acuity was better or equal to preoperative acuity in all eyes, improving by 4 +/- 4 lines overall. No eyes had corneal decompensation, pupillary block, or other vision-threatening anterior segment complication. The anterior capsule remained centrally clear in the 13 eyes that did not have a primary central capsulotomy. One eye with minimal preoperative PVR developed hypotony. CONCLUSIONS: Vitreoretinal surgeons can preserve the anterior capsule in eyes with retinal detachment and PVR to help prevent intraoperative and postoperative complications of gas or silicone oil, simplify future PCIOL placement, and maintain a normal iris appearance.     

Management of recurrent retinal detachment in silicone oil-filled eyes

PURPOSE: To report causes of failure, management options, and outcomes after reoperations for recurrent retinal detachment in silicone oil-filled eyes. METHODS: One hundred eighteen silicone oil-filled eyes with recurrent retinal detachment were managed with revision of vitrectomy with membrane surgery with or without silicone oil removal, just scleral buckling, or both. Anatomical success was defined as complete reattachment of the retina, and functional success was defined as recovery of ambulatory visual acuity of >or=5/200 at the last follow-up (mean follow-up, 29.7 months). RESULTS: In 82.2% of the cases, proliferative vitreoretinopathy was responsible for recurrent retinal detachment in silicone oil-filled eyes. Reoperations without removal of the silicone oil were performed in 65.3% of the cases. Anatomical success occurred in 62.7% of the eyes, and functional success occurred in 52.5%. Silicone oil was removed in 59.5% of the eyes with retinal reattachment; the retina remained attached in 90.9% of the eyes. Predictors of poor anatomical success were presence of posterior diffuse proliferative vitreoretinopathy and combined posterior and anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (P <0.02). CONCLUSION: Reoperations for recurrent retinal detachment in silicone oil-filled eyes were successful in nearly two thirds of the cases, and over one half of the eyes recovered ambulatory vision.     

Pars plana vitrectomy without scleral buckle for pseudophakic retinal detachments

ObjectiveTo report the anatomic and visual results of primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) without scleral buckling to repair primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in pseudophakic eyes.DesignNonrandomized, prospective, comparative clinical trial.ParticipantsTwo hundred eighty-three consecutive patients (294 eyes) with pseudophakia, peripheral retinal tears, and new rhegmatogenous retinal detachments were treated according to the surgery protocol.InterventionPatients underwent PPV with fluid-gas exchange and endolaser to repair the retinal detachment. Two hundred sixty-four patients (275 eyes) were followed from 6 months to 6 years and 8 months with an average follow-up of 19 months.Main outcome measuresReattachment of the retina and visual outcome were compared to previously published studies.ResultsOf 97 eyes with a macula-attached rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 88 eyes (91%) were reattached with a single operation, and of the 178 eyes with a macula-detached retinal detachment, 153 (86%) eyes were reattached with a single operation. In 241 (88%) of 275 eyes, the retina was reattached with a single operation, and in 265 (96%) of 275 eyes, the retina was ultimately reattached with subsequent operations. The median initial visual acuity was 20/300, and the median final visual acuity was 20/40. The rate of reattachment with one operation was similar for eyes with an anterior chamber intraocular lens (91%) and for eyes with a posterior chamber intraocular lens (88%). Refractive error measurements obtained in 81 eyes were essentially unchanged. The mean change in refractive error was −0.15 diopter. Seventeen eyes (6%) developed macular puckers requiring surgery, 46 eyes (17%) developed cystoid macular edema, and 6 eyes (2%) developed full-thickness macular holes.ConclusionPrimary PPV with fluid-gas exchange and laser is a safe, effective method to repair primary pseudophakic retinal detachments. The anatomic reattachment rate and the visual acuity obtained with this technique appear to be at least as good as those reported in the literature for scleral buckling, PPV with scleral buckling, and pneumatic retinopexy.     

松弛性视网膜切开术治疗视网膜脱离合并严重前增殖性玻璃体视网 …

目的 探讨松弛性周边视网膜切开术联合眼内激光治疗视网膜脱离合并严重前增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的效果。方法 对４４例视网膜脱离合并严重前增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的患者行松弛性周边视网膜切开术,联合眼内激光和硅油填充治疗。观察术后视网膜解剖复位,视功能及术后眼压变化情况。其中２２例取出了硅油。结果 ４４例全部获得视网膜复位（其中８例合并皱褶）,３８例获得不同程度的视力改善。２２例取出硅油后,有２１例视网膜     

玻璃体切除硅油填充治疗儿童复杂性视网膜脱离

目的：观察玻璃体切除联合硅油填充（使用5000粘度硅油）治疗儿童复杂性视网膜脱离,并报道其解剖复位,视力改变及并发症,方法：回顾分析了69例69只眼15岁以下儿童行玻璃体切割联合硅油填充治疗情况。结果：视网膜复位情况,完全视网膜复位51／69（74％）,黄斑区视网膜复位56／69（81％）,视力改变：有用视力（≥0．02）占46／69（67％）,保留原术前视力或更好59／69（86％）,并发症：术后高眼压20／69（29％）,低眼压4／69（6％）,角膜改变9／69（13％）,白内障6／32（19％）,前部PVR或PVR再增殖21／69（30％）。结论：玻璃体切割联合硅油填充是治疗儿童复杂性视网膜脱离的有效方法,从视网膜复位,术后视力及术后并发症三方面来看,视网膜巨大裂孔组手术效果最佳,术后的前部PVR形成和PVR再增殖是造成视网膜再脱离的主要原因。     

Severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy and retinal detachment. II. Surgical results with scleral buckling

Prior to the era of vitrectomy, scleral buckling was used to treat 521 eyes with total retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) of various degrees of severity. The retina was reattached for at least six months in 46.9% of eyes; the anatomic success rate decreased with increasing severity of PVR. Within each grade of PVR, the reattachment rate was higher for eyes with smaller breaks than for eyes with larger breaks, and the prognosis was not worse when smaller breaks were found than when no breaks were found. The cumulative success rate rose with increasing number of reoperations. None of the anatomically successful cases had a final visual acuity of no light perception; 82.9% of them achieved a visual acuity of counting fingers or better. The prognosis for visual improvement after successful scleral buckling was unrelated to the preoperative severity of PVR. Severe intraoperative complications occurred in 5.0% of the eyes, all of which resulted in failure.     

双目间接检眼镜在巩膜扣带术中的应用

目的探讨双目间接检眼镜在巩膜扣带术中的应用价值及效果。方法116例(116眼)原发性(孔源性)视网膜脱离中共检出视网膜裂孔208个。其中合并黄斑部脱离81眼。PVR程度分级A级及B级106眼,C1级8眼,C2级2眼。所有病例均行巩膜扣带术,术中在双目间接检眼镜直视下定位裂孔,冷凝封闭裂孔。结果初次手术视网膜解剖复位110例,复位率94.83%。4例再次手术视网膜解剖复位。2例放弃治疗。最终,114眼视网膜解剖复位,复位率为98.28%。视网膜复位病例视功能不同程度改善。术中术后无严重并发症出现。结论双目间接检眼镜检查在原发性视网膜脱离术前、术后评价玻璃体视网膜及在巩膜扣带术中直视下定位裂孔,冷凝封闭裂孔具有独特优越性。