准分子激光角膜切削术(PRK)治疗低、中度近视远期临床分析

目的 :评价准分子激光角膜切削术 (PRK)治疗低、中度近视的远期疗效。方法 :对 12 80眼屈光度为 -2 0～ -6 0DPRK术后六年以上患者进行视力、屈光度、并发症随访观察。结果 :PRK术后六年裸眼视力 >1 0者 1178眼 ( 92 % ) ,1 0～ 0 8者 5 3眼 ( 4 1% ) ,<0 8～ 0 6者 49眼 ( 3 9% ) ,仅 6眼视力下降一行。屈光度± 0 5D 112 8眼 ( 88 1% ) ,-0 5～ -1 0D15 2眼 ( 11 9% )。结论 :准分子激光角膜切削术治疗低、中度近视的远期疗效可靠。     

准分子激光角膜切削术矫正RK术后近视22例

目的:探讨准分子激光角膜切削术(PRK)矫正角膜放射状切开术(RK)后残留近视及近视散光的有效性和安全性。方法:应用波长193nm的ArF准分子激光对22例39眼RK术后残留的近视及近视散光进行准分子激光屈光手术治疗。结果:随访5a,平均屈光度由术前-4.21±1.42D下降至术后的-0.41±0.31D,34眼≥术前最佳矫正视力,术前裸眼视力≥1.0者32眼,术后裸眼视力≥1.0者30眼,回退4眼(10%),回退度数<-1.25D。术前矫正视力≤0.9者,术后5a时仅2眼裸眼视力≥1.0。结论:PRK是一种有效和安全的矫正RK术后残留近视的方法。     

LASEK、PRK和LASIK治疗中低度近视的比较

目的对比分析准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)、碰光性角膜切削术(PRK)、激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗中低度近视临床疗效。方法LASEK组58例(112眼)随访3-9月,PRK、LASIK组各120眼随访1a以上,观察分析术后疼痛症状,裸眼视力及角膜混浊情况。结果术后1d出现疼痛症状:LASEK组:81眼(72.3％),PRK组120 眼(100.0％),LASIK组13眼(10.8％);术后3d裸眼视力≥0.8:LASEK组24眼(21.4％),PRK组27眼(22.5％),LASIK组113 眼(94.2％);术后3月存在角膜Haze:LASEK组31眼(27.6％)、PRK组94眼(78.3％),LASIK组0眼。结论LASEK后疼痛症状、角膜Haze明显减轻,疗效优于PRK;LASEK与LASIK相比没有角膜瓣相关并发症,早期视力恢复较慢。     

PRK治疗眼外伤后散光10例

目的观察PRK治疗眼外伤后散光的疗效方法用准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术(PRK)治疗眼外伤散光10例10眼，随访时间1年：结果术后视力均明显提高，散光度明显下降术中及术后无严重并发症发生：结论准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗眼外伤后散光的预测忡好，疗效稳定，安全可靠。     

PRK与LASIK治疗RK术后残留近视的临床研究

目的　探讨准分子激光角膜切削术 (PRK)及准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术 (L ASIK)矫治角膜放射状切开术 (RK)后残留近视的安全性、稳定性和可靠性。方法　采用美国 COMPAK- 2 0 0型准分子激光治疗仪和SCMD公司的可调节器式气动微型角膜刀 ,分别对 RK后残留近视的 38眼和 9眼行 PRK和 L ASIK术 ,并随访半年以上。 PRK组根据屈光状态分为 3组 : 组 <- 3.0 0 D; 组 - 3.0 0～ 5 .75 D, 组 - 6 .0 0～ - 9.5 0 D。结果　PRK— 、 、 组术后半年裸眼视力≥ 0 .8者分别为 75 %、10 0 %和 75 % ,屈光状态在± 1D内者分别为 87.5 %、81.8%和 5 0 .0 % ;术后 1年裸眼视力≥ 0 .8者分别为 10 0 %、10 0 %和 40 % ,屈光状态在± 1D内者 组为 10 0 % , 组 76 .5 %。在± 2 D以内者 组为 2 0 % ;L ASIK组术后半年屈光状态在± 2 D内者为 75 %。结论　 RK后残留近视矫治应根据其术前及残留屈光度合理选择矫治方式 ,- 6 .0 0 D以下残留近视可行 PRK或 L ASIK术 ,高度残留近视则应选择 L ASIK为佳。     

PRK与LASIK矫正近视性散光准确性及预测性的比较

目的：评价对比准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）与准分子激光原位角膜磨削术（LASIK）矫治近视性散光的疗效及预测性，进一步分析两种手术在治疗中存在的问题。方法：采用LASIK及PRK，对40例近视散光患者进行了分组治疗。结果：近视球镜矫正的准确性，LASIK组高于PRK组；近视散光度数的矫正及散光轴位矫正的准确性两组无明显改变；术后6个月裸眼视力达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力眼，LASIK组大于PRK组；解膜表面规则性指数（SRI）及角膜表现非规则性指数（SAI）在手术前后的变化，LASIK及PRK组无明显差异。结论：LASIK治疗近视性散光的疗效优于PRK。     

国产准分子激光眼科治疗仪临床应用初步报告

目的　评价国产准分子激光眼科治疗仪的疗效。方法　应用 AOV- FB准分子激光眼科治疗仪对 38例 70眼进行 L ASIK手术 ,随访观察术后裸眼视力、矫正视力、残存屈光度及 haze情况。结果　术后有 6 3眼 (90 % )裸眼视力≥ 1.0 ,6 0眼 (85 .71% )术后残存屈光度在± 1.0 D以内 ,未发现感染、上皮植入、切削偏心、角膜中央岛、不规则散光等并发症。结论　 AOV- FB治疗近视是安全有效的 ,进一步临床应用有待继续进行。     

准分子激光角膜切削术后角膜混浊的初步临床观察

对我院1995年2月-6月397例（738眼）近视患者行准分子激光角膜切削术治疗，随访6－10月的126例（239眼）进行观察发现，术后角膜混浊2级以上影响视力恢复盲占3．77%。角膜混浊的发生与性别、年龄、屈光度和切削深度无关，可能与屈光回退，末使用皮质类固醇和个体差异有关。在术后随访6－10月，绝大多数角膜混浊逐渐减轻。本组病例PRK手术效果初步观察表明，这是治疗近视的一种比较安全有效的方法。     

准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术治疗近视

目的 :研究保留角膜上皮的准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术治疗近视早期临床疗效。方法 :2 0例 3 7眼术前近视屈光度平均 -2 48± 1 14D (-1 2 5～ -8 0D) ,采用 2 3 %酒精浸泡 3 0秒制作角膜上皮瓣 ,激光切削采用Chiron117准分子激光系统。结果 :术后平均视力 :1周 0 92± 0 14 ,1月 1 2 8± 0 2 0 ,3月 1 2 5± 0 18。术后 3月角膜Haze 0级 2 8眼 ,0 5级 9眼。术后第 1天疼痛分级 :0级 12眼 (3 2 4% ) ,Ⅰ级 18眼 (4 8 2 % )、 >Ⅰ级 7眼 (19 4% )。结论 :准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术术后疼痛症状、角膜Haze明显减轻 ,但是疗效还需要长期观察及与PRK对比研究     

PRK治疗白内障术后散光

目的 :观察PRK治疗白内障术后散光的疗效。方法 :用准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗白内障术后散光 17例 2 1眼 ,随访时间 1年以上。结果 :术后 1年病人的视力均明显提高 ,散光度有较大下降。术中及术后无严重并发症发生。结论 :准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗白内障术后散光的预测性好 ,疗效确定 ,安全可靠     

准分子激光屈光性角膜手术后角膜知觉的改变

目的观察和分析准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（ｐｈｏｔｏｒｅｆｒａｃｔｉｖｅｋｅｒａｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ，ＰＲＫ）和准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（ｌａｓｅｒｉｎ－ｓｉｔｕｋｅｒａｔｏｍｉｌｅｕｓｉｓ，ＬＡＳＩＫ）治疗近视后角膜知觉的变化。方法对２３１例（３８７只眼）近视患者施行ＰＲＫ，对４８２例（７９６只眼）施行ＬＡＳＩＫ进行治疗。对术后角膜知觉不同时期的变化进行检查、分析。结果ＰＲＫ和ＬＡＳＩＫ术后早期角膜知觉均明显下降，尤以ＰＲＫ明显。ＰＲＫ术后角膜知觉在术后６个月才能恢复，ＬＡＳＩＫ术后角膜知觉约在术后１个月即恢复。结论ＰＲＫ术后角膜知觉的恢复比ＬＡＳＩＫ慢。     

Comparative results evaluation of residual myopia and astigmatism correction after radial keratotomy by photorefraction keratectomy and laser specialized keratomileusis]

The results of correction of residual myopia by photorefraction keratectomy (PRK) (51 eyes) and laser specialized keratomileusis (LASIK) (36 eyes) after radial keratotomy (RK) are compared. The patients were observed for up to 12 months. After PRK, 7.3% patients developed late fleur of the cornea, evaluated by at least 2 points. The incidence of fleur directly depended on the value of residual myopia. After LASIK none of the patients developed such fleur. The best visual acuity (0.5 and higher without correction) was attained in 70.73% after PRK and RK, vs. 100% after LASIK. The results of photorefraction operations and severity of residual myopia after RK correlated. In residual myopia of up to -3 diopters the results of correction by PRK and LASIK were virtually the same. In residual myopia higher than -3 diopters, LASIK is preferable.     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视临床研究

探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视的疗效。方法用准分子激光机和自动微型板层角膜刀对３５７眼进行ＬＡＳＩＫ术。在ＰＲＫ参数基础上,根据患者的年龄,职业,近视度适当调整,保留角膜厚度２５０μｍ以上。     

Comparison of two procedures: photorefractive keratectomy versus laser in situ keratomileusis for low to moderate myopia

PURPOSE: A prospective study was conducted to compare the effectiveness, safety, and stability of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correction of low to moderate myopia. METHODS: Forty-five patients with a manifest refraction (PRK, -4.54 +/- 0.80; LASIK, -4.82 +/- 1.10) from -1.50 to -6.00 diopters (D) were treated and followed-up for 6 months. In each case, 1 eye received PRK and the other LASIK. The first eye treated, and the surgical method used in the first eye, were randomized. Uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, manifest refraction, corneal haze, and topographic analysis of ablation decentration were examined. RESULTS: The uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20 or better in 35 PRK eyes (77.8%) and 28 LASIK eyes (62.2%) at 6 months (P =.107). At 6 months, 28 eyes (62.2%) that received PRK showed a spherical equivalent of within +/-0.5 D as compared with 24 eyes (53.4%) that received LASIK (P =.393). The amount of ablation decentration was 0.37 +/- 0.25 mm in PRK eyes and 0.49 +/- 0.38 mm in LASIK eyes at 3 months (P =.36). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, PRK and LASIK were found to be similarly effective and predictive of correction in low to moderate myopia. PRK has the advantage of less ablation decentration and is safer than LASIK, so we recommend PRK for eyes with low to moderate myopia.     

准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术矫治高度近视准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术后屈光回退的临床观察

目的评价准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术（LASIK）矫治高度近视准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）后屈光回退的疗效。方法回顾性临床研究。对PRK术后2年以上、屈光回退且屈光度稳定的患者8例14眼行LASIK,对LASIK术后术眼进行评价。患眼PRK术前屈光度为-6.25～-12.50 D,PRK术后屈光度为-1.50～-6.25 D。随访观察LASIK矫正1年后术眼的裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、屈光度、上皮下雾状混浊（haze）形成和角膜厚度的变化。结果所有患眼术后主观症状较轻。LASIK术后1年平均球镜度数为（-0.62±0.94）D。LASIK术后0.5≤裸眼视力〈0.8者4眼,≥0.8者9眼,1眼（7.1%）最佳矫正视力下降2行。4眼术后出现不同程度的haze,包括2级haze 3眼、3级haze 1眼。应用氟米龙滴眼液1个月后,haze及屈光回退减轻;术后1年,1级haze 2眼,2级haze 2眼,3级haze 1眼。LASIK术前角膜厚度为（467±38）μm,术后为（422±21）μm。结论高度近视PRK术后屈光回退行LASIK矫治是一种可行的方法,但少数患者术后可出现haze,仍需治疗。     

Comparison of photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia of -6 D or less using the Nidek EC-5000 laser

PURPOSE: We compared the efficacy, predictability, and safety of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for the surgical correction of low and moderate myopia. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed to evaluate uncorrected and spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and manifest refraction 1 year after PRK or LASIK. All procedures were done using an automatic microkeratome (Chiron Ophthalmic) and the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser. RESULTS: PRK was performed in 75 eyes of 45 patients and LASIK in 133 eyes of 77 patients. Mean age for PRK patients was 32.8 years (range, 18 to 52 yr) and LASIK patients was 29.6 years (range, 18 to 49 yr). Mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction for PRK patients was -3.28 D (range, -1.00 to -6.00 D) and LASIK, -3.86 D (range, -1.00 to -6.00 D). One year after surgery, mean spherical equivalent refraction for Group 1 (baseline, -1.00 to -3.00 D) PRK eyes was -0.18 +/- 0.61 D (range, -1.50 to +0.75 D) and for LASIK eyes, -0.08 +/- 0.61 D (range, -1.50 to +1.62 D), with no statistically significant difference. For Group 2 eyes (baseline, -3.25 to -6.00 D), mean spherical equivalent refraction for PRK eyes was -0.44 +/- 0.87 D (range, -2.00 to +2.12 D) and for LASIK eyes, -0.09 +/- 0.83 D (range, -1.50 to +1.75 D), with no statistically significant difference. The antilogarithm of the mean UCVA (antilogUCVA) in Group 1 for PRK was 0.79 +/- 0.21 (20/25) and for LASIK was 0.87 +/- 0.19 (20/23), with no statistically significant difference. The antilogUCVA in Group 2 for PRK eyes was 0.70 +/- 0.24 (20/28) and for LASIK eyes was 0.83 +/- 0.18 (20/24), with a statistically significant difference (0.7 vs. 0.83, P < .005). The percentage of eyes with a postoperative UCVA >20/40 in Group 1 for PRK was 91.5% (38 eyes) and for LASIK was 95% (50 eyes) (no statistically significant difference), and in Group 2 for PRK eyes, it was 82% (27 eyes) and 97.5% (78 eyes) for LASIK (statistically significant difference, P < .05). CONCLUSION: PRK and LASIK with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser are effective and safe for correcting low to moderate myopia, but LASIK eyes showed better results for moderate myopia in terms of uncorrected visual acuity.     

Intacs after laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of intrastromal corneal ring segments (Intacs, Addition Technology) for the correction of residual myopia after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS: In this prospective noncomparative case series, Intacs were implanted in 5 eyes (4 patients) that developed myopic regression after LASIK or PRK. Intacs were implanted a minimum of 11 months after the laser procedure. The technique was identical to the standard procedure for myopic unoperated eyes. The Intacs thickness was based on the amount of residual myopia. RESULTS: Postoperative results revealed a reduction in the residual myopia and the mean K-reading. No eye lost best corrected Snellen visual acuity. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of Intacs in eyes with myopic regression after LASIK and PRK resulted in a good refractive outcome and an improvement in uncorrected visual acuity.     

Comparison of laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy for the correction of myopia of -6.00 diopters or less. Melbourne Excimer Laser Group

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) compared to photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of low or moderate myopia (-0.50 to -6.00 D) at 6 months after surgery. METHODS: The study population comprised a non-randomized consecutive series of 622 eyes of 392 patients who were treated with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser. LASIK was performed using the ACS Chiron microkeratome on 314 eyes and surface PRK on 308 eyes. All patients were treated using a standard protocol, then assessed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Forty-four percent of the LASIK group and 67% of the PRK group attended their 6-month examination. Eighty percent of patients (111 eyes) after LASIK and 65% (136 eyes) after PRK had an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better. Spherical equivalent refraction was within +/-0.50 D of intended refraction in 78% (109 eyes) for LASIK and 82% (170 eyes) for PRK. Loss of two more lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 6 months occurred in 1.4% (2 eyes) of the LASIK group and 1.0% (2 eyes) of the PRK group. CONCLUSION: At 1 month follow-up, the percentage of eyes that achieved 20/20 uncorrected visual acuity was greater in the LASIK group than in the PRK group. At 6 months, visual and refractive outcomes of LASIK and PRK were similar. Although flap related complications occurred only after LASIK, the overall risk of loss of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was not significantly greater than for PRK.     

Laser in situ keratomileusis enhancement after photorefractive keratectomy

OBJECTIVE: To describe the safety, effectiveness, and predictability of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correcting residual myopia after primary photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). DESIGN: A retrospective, noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: Thirty-six consecutive eyes of 30 patients underwent LASIK after primary PRK. A Multiscan Schwind excimer laser was used for LASIK enhancement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, refraction, videokeratography, and complications were determined before and after LASIK retreatment. Follow-up was at least 12 months. RESULTS: Before LASIK, 11.11% of eyes showed a UCVA of 20/40 or better. This increased to 94.44% 12 months after LASIK. A UCVA of 20/25 or better was achieved in 0% before and in 72.22% after retreatment. Refraction +/-0.5 diopters (spherical equivalent) represented 0% of eyes before and 77.78% of eyes after enhancement. Before LASIK, two eyes had significant haze. Haze remained in these two eyes and appeared in another eye. CONCLUSIONS: Laser in situ keratomileusis proved to be safe and effective for treating residual myopia after PRK. Care must be taken when considering LASIK retreatment in patients with significant haze after primary PRK.     

准分子激光术后近视回退和欠矫原因分析

目的：探讨准分子激光近视治疗术后屈光回退和欠矫的原因,为临床提供理论依据。方法：将我院近视中心准分子激光术后发生屈光回退并行二次手术的45例70眼,按〈-6．00D为Ⅰ组,〉-6．00D度为Ⅱ组,将两组患者两次治疗前后屈光度、术后不同时间的视力、术式、切削光斑直径、角膜切削量及残留厚度等相关资料进行了对比分析。结果：两组未手术时屈光度差别显著（P〈0．05）。屈光回退后两组屈光度差别无意义（P〉0．05）。Ⅰ,Ⅱ两组首次激光术后6mo内,不同时间点裸眼视力与术前矫正视力有明显差别（P〈0．05）。二次手术后,1wk内裸眼视力与矫正视力差别明显（P〈0．05）,1～3mo无差别（P〉0．05）;Ⅰ组于6mo时裸眼视力与矫正视力出现差别（P〈0．05）,Ⅱ组差别不显著（P〉0．05）;两组激光切削光斑的直径及角膜切削量有明显差别（P〈0．05）。结论：准分子激光近视治疗术后,屈光度回退程度与术前屈光状态无关。不同屈光度屈光回退程度相同。高度近视、LASIK多区切削和切削光斑直径小是发生屈光回退和欠矫的主要原因。