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<正>根据有关读者举报并经本刊初步查证,近一段时间来有人冒充本刊名义和盗用本刊的合法刊号(ISSN1674-3806/CN45-1365/R)进行非法出版活动(该非法出版物的编辑部地址为:北京市100036信箱27分箱;邮政编号:100036;联系电话:010-87013678;网址:http://www.zglcxyx010.com;E-mail:zglcxyx010@126.com、ZGLCXYX@163.com),严重地侵犯本     

中华心血管病杂志2005年度继续教育园地思考多选题答案

第1期急性冠状动脉综合征的概念演化与治疗策略更新:1.A、B、C、D;2.A、D;3.A、B。第2期低分子肝素与血栓栓塞性疾病:1.A、B、C;2.B、C;3.D;4·A、C、D。第3期神经内分泌拮抗剂在慢性心力衰竭治疗中的常见问题:1.B;2.D;3.A;4.D。第4期心率与心血管病危险性:1.B;2.A;3.C;4.D。第5期神经内分泌拮抗治疗慢性心力衰竭的几个热点问题:1.A;2.C;3.E。第6期肾上腺髓质素与心血管病研究现状:1.B;2.C;3.D;4.D。第7期对中国2004年、欧洲2003年高血压防治指南和JNC7血压分类的比较及评价:1.B;2.C;3.B。第8期心肾综合征研究进展:1.B;2.A…     

2012年第二届亚太地区幽门螺杆菌会议

会议主题:科学向临床医学的转化:亚太地区新千年幽门螺杆菌感染特别工作组:早期胃癌的内镜诊断和治疗;H.pylori的微生物学、免疫学和分子遗传学会议热点:H.pylori与胃癌;H.pylori的分子流行病学;H.pylori的最佳治疗方法;H.pylori感染中具有争议的问题:胃食管反流病,消化不良,NSAID肠病以及胃外疾病。时间:2012年1月13～15日     

慢性肾衰血液透析患者血浆儿茶酚胺水平及其心率变异性分析

目的 :观察心透患者血浆儿茶酚胺水平与心率变异性 ,并探讨两者的相关性。方法 :测定慢性肾衰血透患者血浆儿茶酚胺水平及记录 2 4h动态心电图 ,分析其心率变异性。结果 :慢性肾衰血液透析患者血浆多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素水平较对照组明显升高 （分别为 P <0 .0 1和 P≤ 0 .0 5 ） ;心率变异性时域指标 SDNN,SDANN ,SDNNindex及 r MSSD均较对照组明显降低 （P<0 .0 1） ;血浆多巴胺水平与 HRV呈明显的负相关 （SDNN:r=- 0 .45 ,P≤ 0 .0 1;SDANN:r=- 0 .43,P≤ 0 .0 1;SDNN index:r=- 0 .5 1,P<0 .0 1;r MSSD:r=- 0 .49,P<0 .0 1） ,血浆去甲肾上腺素水平亦呈类似的相关性。结论 :尿毒症心脏交感神经病变以血浆儿茶酚胺水平升高和心率变异性降低为特点 ,提示交感神经作用代偿性增强     

本刊严正声明

<正>根据有关读者举报并经本刊初步查证,近一段时间来有人冒充本刊名义和盗用本刊的合法刊号(ISSN1674-3806/CN45-1365/R)进行非法出版活动(该非法出版物的编辑部地址为:北京市100036信箱27分箱;邮政编号:100036;联系电话:010-87013678;网址:http://www.zglcxyx010.com;E-mail:zglcxyx010@126.com、ZGLCXYX@163.com),严重地侵犯本刊的合法权益,损害了本刊的名义,在社会上造成     

本刊严正声明

根据有关读者举报并经本刊初步查证,近一段时间来有人冒充本刊名义和盗用本刊的合法刊号(ISSN1674-3806/CN45-1365/R)进行非法出版活动(该非法出版物的编辑部地址为:北京市100036信箱27分箱;邮政编号:100036;联系电话:010-87013678;网址:http://www.zglcxyx010.com;E-mail:zglcxyx010@126.com、ZGLCXYX@163.com),严重地侵犯本     

中华心血管病杂志2004年度继续教育园地思考多选题答案

第 1期心血管超声医学的研究进展: 1.D; 2.C; 3.B; 4 A。β-受体阻滞剂在心肌梗死中的应用: 1.D; 2.D; 3.A、B、C。第 2期贯彻循证医学的原则作好动脉粥样硬化的预: 1.D; 2.B、D; 3.C; 4.B、C。高血压病肾脏损害的诊断与防治: 1.A、B、C、D; 2.A、B、D; 3.D。第 3期易损斑块及易损患者的新定义及危险分层: 1.A、B、C、D; 2.A、B、C; 3.D; 4.A、B、C、D。β受体阻滞剂治疗慢性心力衰竭临床试验的启示: 1 C;2 B; 3 D; 4 A。第 4期冠心病整体防治中他汀类药物的重要地位: 1.A、B、C、D; 2.A; 3.C。高血压与心力衰…     

Levels of plasma des-γ-carboxy protein C and prothrombin in patients with liver diseases

AIM: To study the plasma des-γ-carboxy protein C activity, antigen and prothrombin levels in patients with liver diseases and their clinical significance. METHODS: Plasma protein C activity (PC:C) was detected by chromogenic assay and antigen (PC:Ag) and des-γ-carboxy protein C (DCPC) were detected by ELISA. Total prothrombin and unabsorbed prothrombin in plasma were detected by ecarin chromogenic assay. RESULTS: Compared with the control, the levels of PC:C and PC:Ag in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis (LC) were lower (PCC: 104.65&#177;23.0%,62.50&#177;24.89%, 56.75&#177;20.14%, PC:Ag: 5.31&#177;1.63 μg/mL, 2.28&#177;1.15 μg/mL, 2.43&#177;0.79 μg/mL, P&lt;0.05). The levels of PC:Ag in patients with acute viral hepatitis (AVH) also was lower (2.98&#177;0.91 μg/mL, P&lt;0.01), but PC:C was close to the control (93.76&#177;30.49%, P&gt;0.05). The levels of DCPC in patients with HCC were remarkably higher (0.69&#177;0.29 μg/mL,1.18&#177;0.63 μg/mL, 0.45&#177;0.21 μg/mL, P&lt;0.05) and its averagewas up to 50% of total PC:Ag. But those of DCPC in patients with AVH were not significantly different from the control. The levels of total prothrombin were lower in patients with LC, but higher in patients with HCC. The levels of unabsorbed prothrombin were predominantly higher than those of other groups. CONCLUSION: PC:C and PC:Ag in patients with liverdiseases (except PC:C in AVH) were lower. The total prothrombin was lower in patients with LC. The higher level of unabsorbed prothrombin may be used as a scanning marker for HCC. DCPC may be used as a complementary marker in the diagnosis of HCC.     

书籍及统计学符号的著录方法

<正>[书籍]著者(列名格式与期刊作者相同).书名.卷次:版次(如是第1版可不标出).出版者.年份:引文页码(如专著整体做为文献引用可不著录页码.或:析出文献作者.析出文献题名//专著责任者.书名.卷次:版次(如是第1版可不标出).出版地:出版者.年份:析出     

非小细胞肺癌中MMP-2、CD44V6的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨细胞黏附因子（CD44V6）和基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织中的表达及其与肺癌浸润、转移和预后的关系。方法 回顾性分析43例术前未进行放、化疗的肺癌患者的切除标本,采用免疫组化SP法检测肺癌组织中的CD44V6和MMP-2的表达。结果 肺鳞癌与肺腺癌中CD44V6的阳性表达率分别为58．33％（14／24）和68．42％（13／19）;MMP-2的阳性表达率分别为54．16％（13／24）和84．21％（16／19）。CD44V6与MMP-2的阳性表达与淋巴结转移、肺癌病理分期以及术后血行转移显著相关（P〈0．05）,CD44V6阳性表达者的3年生存率为25．62％,5年生存率为6．41％;阴性表达者的3年生存率为64．71％,5年生存率为56．82％,两者差异显著（P=0．000）。MMP-2阳性者的3年生存率为18．8％,5年生存率为8．67％;阴性表达者的3年生存率为66．30％,5年生存率为42．66％,两者差异显著（P=0．0067）。CD44V6和MMP-2的阳性表达呈显著性相关（P：0．007）。结论CD44V6和MMP-2对于肺癌的侵袭、淋巴结转移、术后血行转移以及预后有一定作用。     

Expression of two CD44 variant proteins (v3 and v6 ) in human colorectalcarcinoma and its relevance for prognosis

AIM To evaluate the expression of CD44v3 and v6 protein in colorectal carcinoma and its prognosticsignificance.METHODS One hundred and twenty-one cases of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded colorectal carcinomaspecimens were retrospectively analyzed using EnvisionTM immunohistochemical method with the monoclonalantibody CD44v3 and v6. The median follow-up time was 67.77 months and the prognostic value of theCD44v3 and CD44v6 was assessed using univariate and multivariate survival analysis.RESULTS The positive rates of CD44v3 and v6 protein were 60.3% and 57.9%, respectively. There wassignificant correlation between CD44v3 immunoreactivity and tumor location, lymph node metastasis, distantmetastasis and Duke's stage (P< 0.05, Spearman correlation test). Significant correlation between CD44v6immunoreactivity and patients' gender, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, Duke's stage was alsonoticed (P < 0.05, Spearman correlation test). The 5-year survival rates were 81.25% and 60.27% inCD44v3 negative and positive cases, respectively. As CD44v6, the 5-year survival rates were 80.39% and60.00% in CD44v6 negative and positive cases, respectively; these differences between the two groups ofpatients were significant (P<0.05, Log-rank test). In multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model,CD44v3 expression emerges as an independent prognostic indicator.CONCLUSION CD44v3 and v6 might play some important roles in metastasis of colorectal carcinoma, andCD44v3 expression might be a new useful independent prognostic marker of colorectal carcinoma.     

Expression of human chorionic gonadotropin, CD44v6 and CD44v4/5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To study the relationship between the expression of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), CD44v6, CD44v4/5 and the infiltration, metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: By labeled streptavidin-biotin technique, the expressions of HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 in 42 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were examined. RESULTS: The positive rate of HCG expression in patients with lymph node metastasis was 85.71% (18/21), higher than that (57.14%, 12/21) in those without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The positive rate of CD44v6 expression was 71.43% (15/21) in lymph node metastasis group, and 38.09% (8/21) in non-metastasis group; there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The positive rate of CD44v4/5 expression was 76.19% (16/21) in lymph node metastasis group, and 42.86% (9/21) in non-metastasis group; there was also a significant difference between them (P<0.05). From grade Ⅰ to grade Ⅲ in differentiation, the positive rate of HCG expression was 84.62% (11/13), 70.59% (12/17) and 58.33% (7/12), respectively; there was no significant difference among them (P<0.05). The positive rate of CD44v6 expression in grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ of cancer tissues was 76.92% (10/13), 52.94% (9/17), and 33.33% (4/12) respectively; there was no significant difference among them. The positive rate of CD44v4/5 expression in grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ of cancer tissues was 69.23% (9/13), 64.71% (11/17), and 41.67% (5/12) respectively; there was no significant difference among the three groups. There was no correlation between the positive rates of HCG and CD44v6, CD44v4/5 expression. Cancer cells in carcinomatous emboli and those infiltrating into vascular wall strongly expressed HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5. CONCLUSION: Expression of HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is related to its infiltration and metastasis. HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 have different effects on the infiltration and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.     

Expression of CD44 variants and prognosis in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: The CD44 variant (CD44v) isoforms have been noted as markers for tumour metastasis and prognosis in several adenocarcinomas. AIMS: To investigate whether CD44v, especially the CD44v2 (v2) isoform, may be a useful prognostic factor for patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, using a recently developed monoclonal antibody against a v2 epitope. PATIENTS: 233 patients (211 men and 22 women; mean age 61.9 years), with oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas curatively removed without additional treatment between 1987 and 1996 at the National Cancer Center Hospital, were analysed for CD44v expression. METHODS: The expression of CD44v was evaluated immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies against epitopes of the standard and variant protein, in paraffin embedded oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue from 233 patients who had undergone cervical, mediastinal, and abdominal lymphadenectomy (three field dissection) for oesophagectomy. The data were evaluated for any correlation with clinicopathological indices or prognosis. RESULTS: Although total CD44 and CD44v6 (v6) were respectively observed in 99% and 97% of the cancer specimens, the expression of v2 was only 30%. Patients whose tumours were v2 positive had a significantly better prognosis than those whose tumours were v2 negative (p = 0.031). Furthermore, in patients without lymph node metastasis, v2 positivity alone was a significant independent factor of prognosis (relative risk of death associated with v2 negativity, 4.7; p = 0.037) in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that v2 is a useful marker for clinical prognosis in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Particularly in patients without lymph node metastasis, v2 status may thus have implications for the use of adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in patients with oesophageal cancer at an early stage.     

胃癌及癌前病变组织中CD44v6表达的意义

目的探讨CD44v6基因表达与胃癌发生及胃癌生物学行为的关系.方法应用抗CD44v6蛋白的单克隆抗体,采用免疫组化ABC方法对正常胃粘膜(n=10)、各级胃粘膜异型增生(轻度n=16,中度n=12,重度n=14)、早期胃癌(n=16)及进展期胃癌(n=52)进行研究,并与胃癌类型、大小、有无淋巴结转移等作了比较分析.结果正常胃粘膜CD44v6为阴性,随着胃粘膜病变的进展,CD44v6蛋白的表达率逐渐升高,至进展期胃癌,表达率达到顶峰.轻、中、重度异型增生表达率分别为12%,33%,43%;早期胃癌及进展期胃癌的表达率分别为44%和73%.各级异型增生表达率之间的差异无显著性,而进展期胃癌表达率显著高于早期胃癌(P＜0.05),淋巴结转移组的表达率显著高于淋巴结未转移组(82%vs56%,P＜0.05),肠型胃癌的表达率高于弥漫型胃癌(78%vs56%,P＜0.05),CD44v6蛋白的表达与胃癌肿块大小无相关性.结论胃粘膜重度异型增生在CD44v6基因表达上已具有明显的潜在恶性趋势,CD44v6基因表达阳性的胃癌具有更强的浸润及淋巴结转移的能力.     

CD44 and its v6 spliced variant in lung carcinomas: relation to NCAM, CEA, EMA and UP1 and prognostic significance

CD44 is a polymorphic family of cell surface glycoproteins that was recently reported to have important role in cell adhesion and migration as well as modulation of cell-matrix interactions. Thus, expression of CD44 has been proposed to be associated with malignant behavior of tumors like invasive growth and formation of metastasis. The expression of CD44s and its v6 isoform (CD44v6) was determined immunohistochemically in 106 lung tumors of various histophenotypes, degrees of differentiation, and clinical stages. The results were compared with the expression of NCAM, CEA, EMA and UP1 and with clinicopathological parameters including patients' survival. CD44s was expressed in all histophenotypes of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) with tendency being squamous cell lung carcinoma (SqCC) > bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma (BAC) > conventional adenocarcinoma (ConAC) (91, 66.7 and 38.9%, respectively). Almost identical distribution of positivity revealed CD44v6 in all three subgroups of NSCLC mentioned above (91, 66.7 and 36.1%, respectively). In the subgroup of neuroendocrine tumors, CD44s and CD44v6 were restrictedly expressed in small cell lung carcinomas (2/14 tumors), while all 3 typical carcinoids were strongly positive for these markers. Expression of NCAM and CEA was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma subgroup than those in SqCC subgroup (45.7 and 75% vs. 14.8 and 39%, respectively). NCAM expression was also significantly different in BACs and in ConACs (69.2 vs. 36.4%, p < 0.05). The expression of CD44 was related to the differentiation of SqCC. The carcinomas with keratinization were CD44 positive. Adenocarcinomas producing mucin were CD44 negative. The expression of CD44, NCAM, CEA, EMA and UP1 did not correlate with lymph node metastasis and disease stage. CD44V6 was the only marker that its expression was closely related to patients' survival. The absence CD44v6 but not CD44s in NSCLC group was associated with significantly longer survival of patients compared to patients with CD44v6 positive tumors. This difference was even higher in tumors negative for CD44v6 and simultaneously NCAM and/or CEA positive. The data of this study suggest that CD44v6 might be an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC. Moreover, our data give another evidence of diverse role of CD44 in the differentiation and progression of non-small cell lung carcinomas and neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung.     

应用组织芯片研究凋亡抑制基因Survivin在胃癌中的表达

目的　检测Survivin和CD44v6在胃癌中的表达,以探讨二者在胃癌中表达的相关性及其与预后的关系。方法　利用组织芯片技术构建胃癌组织芯片,应用免疫组织化学S P法检测Survivin和CD44v6蛋白在胃癌中的表达。结果　胃癌中Survivin及CD44v6的总表达率分别为 58 6% (58 /99)和 35 4% (35 /99)。Survivin在早期胃癌中的表达显著高于进展期胃癌 (P<0 05 ),与胃癌的其它临床病理特征无相关性。CD44v6阳性表达与胃癌生长方式(P<0 001)、浸润深度 (P<0 05 )及淋巴结转移 (P<0 001 )密切相关。Sur vivin和CD44v6在胃癌中的表达无相关性(r=-0 065,P>0 05)。Survivin与胃癌患者的生存率无显著相关,而CD44v6表达阳性组 5年生存率(16 13% )显著低于CD44v6表达阴性组 5年生存率(60 67% ) (P<0 001 )。结论　Survivin和CD44v6在胃癌中均有过量表达。Survivin可能参与胃癌发生、发展的早期过程;而CD44v6阳性表达与胃癌的浸润和转移密切相关,同时可以提示胃癌的不良预后。     

Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and CD44 splicing variants sharing exons 6 and 9 on gastric and esophageal carcinomas: a two-color flow-cytometric analysis

Quantitative analysis based on the percentage of positive cells by two-color flow cytometry was used to quantify the surface expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and exons v6 and v9 of CD44 splice variants on tumor. Almost all patients with primary gastric and esophageal carcinomas, and benign mucosa of the stomach and esophagus showed usually high levels of EGFR expression, a mean of approximately 60% of cells being positive. Metastatic gastric carcinoma showed significantly higher levels of EGFR expression, a mean of 80% of cells being positive. Reduced expression of EGFR was observed in irradiated esophageal carcinoma. Adenocarcinomas, including primary and metastatic lesions, or cancer cell lines of the stomach revealed consistently very low or undetectable levels of expression of exon v6 of the CD44 variant (CD44v) protein. However, CD44v containing exon v9 could be detected in normal gastric epithelium and primary gastric carcinoma as well as in six adenocarcinoma cell lines. Exon v9 is significantly overexpressed on metastatic adenocarcinoma cells obtained from malignant ascites. On the other hand, normal squamous epithelium and primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus, and two SCC cell lines showed coexpression of exons v6 and v9 of CD44v. The expression of the CD44v6 molecule was significantly reduced in the irradiated primary SCC, although CD44v9 expression on the primary SCC remained unchanged after the radiation therapy. These results suggest that up-regulation of EGFR and CD44v9 molecules on gastric carcinomas, especially metastatic adenocarcinomas, shows tumor growth and tumor progression. In addition, down-regulation of EGFR and CD44v6 molecules on irradiated esophageal carcinoma may be involved in the mechanisms suppressing tumor growth and metastatic potential. Received: 24 June 1998 / Accepted: 1 September 1998     

胃癌中CD15s抗原和CD44v6基因蛋白的表达及其意义

[目的 ]探讨唾液酸化的路易斯寡糖 X(CD15s)抗原和CD4 4v6基因蛋白表达与胃癌临床病理指标和患者预后的关系。 [方法 ]应用高敏感性的催化信号放大免疫组化技术 ,对早期胃癌 17例、中期胃癌 2 1例和晚期胃癌5 7例组织进行CD15s抗原和CD4 4v6蛋白检测 ,并结合肿瘤的病理学指标和临床随访资料进行分析。 [结果 ]在胃癌中 ,CD15s和CD4 4v6的表达阳性率分别为 86 .3%和 82 .1%。且晚期胃癌明显高于早、中期胃癌 (P <0 .0 5 )。CD15s和CD4 4v6表达水平具有一致性 ,均与胃癌浆膜浸润、淋巴结转移和患者预后呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。 [结论 ]CD15s和CD4 4v6表达与胃癌转移和患者生存期密切相关 ,检测CD15s和CD4 4v6的表达可作为判断胃癌预后的参考指标。