护理学专业本科生就业质量评估指标体系的构建

目的 护理学专业本科生就业质量评价一直缺乏科学的标准,本研究旨在构建护理学专业本科生就业质量指标体系.方法 通过专家函询法初步对就业质量指标进行评估,并将指标要素根据层次分析法进行了计算,最终确定了指标权重.结果 本研究构建了旨在就业质量评估指标体系,包括4项一级指标:用人单位满意情况、学生主观满意情况、工作条件与环境、专业对口情况,其权重分别为:0.34,0.28,0.18,0.20;60项二级和三级指标并附相关权重.结论 护理学专业本科生就业质量评估指标体系科学实用、客观合理,要素全面、权重准确,符合护理学专业本科生的培养要求,为开设护理学本科专业的院校和用人单位提供了重要的参考依据.

Abstract：

Objective There is almost few scientific standards in the field of employment quality evaluation for nursing baccalaureate graduates. This study hoped to develop an item system for employment quality evaluation. Methods Based on expert consultation(Delphi method)and analytic hierarchy process,the weight of items was carried out according to the item system of employment quality of nursing baccalaureate graduates. Results An evaluation item system was formulated, which included the satisfaction of employment units(0.34),graduates'satisfaction(0.28),job situation(0.18),fitting in speciality(0.20).There were 4 Ⅰ-level,60 Ⅱand Ⅲ-level indicators.Conclusions The evaluation system was scientific, practical,objective and holistic.By developing the item system for the employment quality of nursing baccalaureate graduates, the basic information was acquired, which provided a database for further study. This study provides important data for the reform and development of nursing education through the evaluation of employment quality of nursing students.     

Relationship between Contraceptive Knowledge, Cognition and Behaviors among Vocational High School Students

Rise in prevalence rate of sexual activity among middle/high school students have gone with decline in age of sex initiation in recent years. Due to special training purposes and characteristics of student resources, most vocational high school students s…     

浙江省高职高专护理专业毕业生就业情况的调查与分析

目的 了解高职高专护理专业毕业生就业情况,为调整专业定位和培养目标提供依据.方法 采用整群抽样法,对浙江省某高职高专学校2007届~2009届护理专业2 470名毕业生的就业情况进行调查与分析.结果 3届护理专业毕业生总体就业率为96.5%,专业对口率为90.9%;在卫生机构就业的79.3%的毕业生工作在二级以上综合性医院的一线护理岗位.结论 浙江省某高职高专学校护理专业毕业生的就业率和专业对口率很高,毕业生主要工作岗位在浙江省二级以上综合医院.高职高专护理专业应该主要面向二级以上综合医院,培养既胜任综合医院临床护理工作,又胜任社区护理、预防保健、健康管理和医疗保健等工作的高技能型护理人才.     

Pilot Study on the Model of Clinical Nursing Teaching

The levels of nursing education in China have developed fast. Many nursing educators are devoted to the research of nursing teaching. How to culture nursing students with higher quality has received more and more increasing attention over the past several years. In the course of clinical nursing teaching, we implemented a reform and achieved the noticeable effect as follows. Perfect monitor system of clinical teaching has been established, teachers＇ consciousness has been Strengthened, power of teacher exemplar and students＇ principal role have also been embodied. The new clinical teaching method has disinterred nursing students＇ potential and enhanced their abilities of creative thinking.     

模拟面试方法在护理人文学教学中的应用

目的 探讨模拟面试方法在护理人文学教学中的应用效果.方法 对宁波天一职业技术学院2009级专科护理专业162名学生实施模拟面试训练并考核,模拟面试训练前后分别对学生进行学习效果的问卷调查.结果 模拟面试训练后,学生各方面的表现明显优于训练前.结论 模拟面试方法有助于提高学生面试能力,增强护理人文学教学效果,是一种有效的教学方法.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the application effect of simulating interview in nursing humanistic teaching. Methods 162 junior college nursing students were selected to accept the training of simu lating interview, and the effect was investigated in questionnaire before and after the training. Results The scores of nursing students after training were higher than that before training in self-confidence, appearance, communicating skill, answering skill and etiquette in interview. Conclusions Simulating interview is a good teaching method that can improve the nursing students' interview ability and the teaching effect of nursing humanity.     

江苏省“十三五”期间学校结核病防控工作实施情况

Objective To investigate the construction of tuberculosis(TB) prevention and control system in schools in Jiangsu Province and the implementation of routine measures for TB prevention and control, and to provide evidence for further improvement of strategy of school TB control and prevention. Methods With the method of typical sampling, 36 middle schools and 6 universities were selected from 3 cities of Jiangsu Province. A survey was carried out for TB prevention and control in schools with the unified form. Results All schools had established school responsibility system for tuberculosis prevention and control. All schools equipped with health care workers. In 2015, 64.60% of middle school students, 54.15% of high school students and 85.66% of college students were screened for tuberculosis. In 2020, the tuberculosis screening rate rised to 100.00% for middle school students, 98.67% for high school students and 100.00% for university, which showing an increasing trend year by year, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8 993.22,9 594.33,10 431.92,P<0.001 ）. Tuberculin skin test (TST) was carried out in only 2 boarding middle and high schools in 2015 to 2020, showing an increasing trend year by year, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=34.55,27.67,P<0.001).From 2015 to 2020, 38 002, 33 507, 42 376, 50 418, 58 235 and 66 006 freshmen were screened for TB with 17 patients were found, and the number of diagnosed TB patients was 0, 1, 3, 6, 2 and 5, respectively in each year. Conclusions The overall situation of TB prevention and control in school was good in Jiangsu Province. The screening rate for TB among freshmen in 2020 was significantly higher than that in 2015. We should still strengthen the building of health professionals and implement prevention and control measures to control the transmission of TB in schools. © 2022 Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control. All rights reserved.     

Domestic Mites in Dormitories and Results of Skin Prick Test on Students with Dermatophagoides Farinae in Huainan, China

Objective To investigate domestic mites in dormitories and the situations of students allergic to the mites. Methods Dust samples in beds, clothes and floors were taken each month in dormitories in two campuses in the city of Huainan in Anhui Province in South-Eastern China, and some students in the city were performed voluntarily with skin prick test （SPT） with Dermatophagoides farinae. Results The detectable rate of mites was 56.46% in 1385 dust samples, which were 63.73%, 47.78%and 41.72%, respectively in beds, floors and clothes dusts with significant difference （P〈0.01）, and there were fourteen species of mites identified, thirteen of which belongs to Astigmata. The detectable rates of mites ranged from 19.72% to 91.60% from March 2002 to February 2003, which were higher in June, July and August than those in other month. The positive rate of SPT with Dermatophagoides farinae was 14.65% （279/1904）, being 13.83% （156/1128） for males and 15.85% （123/776） for females. No gender difference was observed in this study （P〉0.05）. The positive rates of SPT on pupils, middle school students and undergraduate students were 9.87% （54/547）, 14.74% （78/529） and 17.75% （147/828）, respectively, and statistically significant difference were registered （P〈0.01）. Of the 1904 subjects involved, the prevalence of rhinitis, asthma, dermatitis, urticaria, drug anaphylaxis and other allergic diseases was 40.86% in 279 individuals with positive reaction of SPT, which was higher than that with negative reaction （P〈0.01）; the positive rate of SPT was 47.99% in 348 patients with respiratory system diseases or/and dermatosis, which were higher than that in normal individuals （P〈0.01）. Conclusion It is concluded that mites may breed in dormitories and students allergic to dust mites are not scarce. Here, mites in dormitories seem to be more frequently in beds and from June to August, the main of which belong to Astigmata. Much attention should be attached to killing or avoiding mites in dormitories and to protecting students against mite infestation.     

Undergraduate nursing education in the United States

Nursing education in the United States began in the 1870s with hospital training schools modeled after the Nightingale plan. Presently there are three educational paths that students may take to become a registered nurse （RN）. These are the baccalaureate degree （BS）, the associate degree （AD） and the diploma. Accelerated nursing programs are also available for people who have a baccalaureate degree in another field. Nursing education and nursing practice in the United States is regulated by each of the 50 states. The focus of nursing education is the preparation of nurses who use critical thinking skills to provide comprehensive patient-centered care to a variety of clients. It is expected that nurses will function using evidence-based practice in a culturally competent, safe manner. Nursing schools must be approved by the state in which they exist. In addition to this, most nursing schools are also accredited, a voluntary process that is done by a non-governmental association. All graduates take the same licensing exam, a computer adaptive test that is from 75 to 265 items long educated graduates were first time test takers; 85.5% passed the exam. Trends in nursing education In 2008 almost 120,000 US include a focus on evidence based practice, an emphasis on safety and quality, patient education and management of chronic conditions, genetics and genomics and the use of simulation in nursing education     

Study on Iron Nutritional Status in Adolescence

A study on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in adolescence was conducted among 478 teen-age students in Shanghai. The study indicated that the intake of nutrients among the students was generally insufficient. The lack of protein, calcium, Vitamin A, Vitamin B_1, and Vitamin B_2 was more serious. The morbidities of IDA among male and female students were 15.8 and 32.6%, respectively, higher in the female group (P<0.01). The iron-deficiency sufferers among male and female students were 46.8 and 61.8%, respectively, also higher in the female group (P<0.01). The causes of IDA were analyzed by the method of stepwise regression. In a study of the effect of IDA on intelligence and physical development in adolescents, we found that there was no significant effect of IDA on intelligence quotient (IQ) and school performance. However, the speed and endurance capabilities of students of both sexes were correlated directly with hemoglobin level. In female students, the speed capability was correlated directly with the serum ferritin content. On the basis of these findings, a special 3-month school lunch program was initiated. The results indicate that a comprehensive, rational, and balanced diet is beneficial to hemoglobin, free erythrocyte porphyrin, and serum ferritin contents and improves adolescent development. 1990 Academic Press. Inc.     

THE SEX RATIO OF SUICIDE RETES IN CHINA

Suicide is the leading cause of non-natural deaths in China. Femalesuicide rates are higher than male rates, and the rural suicide rate is 2.8times higher than the urban rate. In 16568 cases of suicide, the male to fe-mle ratios observed were 0.92and 0.81 in urban and rural areas, repectively.The male to female ratio of the suicide rates in China is close to that of     

北京某高校2011-2018届全科医学研究生就业去向调查研究

背景　我国目前全科医生还有很大缺口，文献对于基层全科医生短缺的原因和对策研究相对较多，但是尚缺乏全科医学研究生就业去向调查分析的相关研究，可能与全科医学研究生尤其是并轨培养全科医学研究生开始较晚，当前毕业人数尚少有关。高校医学毕业生尤其是全科医学专业的毕业生到基层医疗卫生机构就业，对填补我国全科医生长期缺乏的现状具有重要意义。目的　了解全科医学研究生就业现状，分析减少和避免基层医疗卫生机构人才流失的策略。方法　对北京市某高校自招生以来所有2011-2018届全科医学研究生就业去向进行调查和分析，统计总体就业结果和相关信息，比较不同性别、学位类型、届别研究生在就业单位性质、医疗机构等级、工作岗位的差异。结果　2011-2018届全科医学专业毕业研究生共116名，其中科学学位博士研究生8人、科学学位硕士研究生16人、专业学位硕士研究生92人，毕业当年就业率（含升学）为100.0%。不同性别毕业生就业单位性质、医院级别、工作岗位比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。科学学位研究生和专业学位研究生就业单位性质、医院级别和工作岗位比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。2018届研究生医疗机构就业率达到100.0%，各级医院就业率维持在一个相对稳定状态，作为全科医生从事全科医疗者占比达到82.9%。结论　全科医学研究生就业期望偏高，总体就业率较好，但到基层就业的形势仍不乐观。应继续加强和改善政策引导和激励机制，增强基层医疗卫生机构的吸引力，不断提高基层医疗卫生机构的人员素质和服务水平，形成“政策引导－人才下沉－医疗服务水平提升－待遇地位机会实现”的良性循环。     

医学高职生就业状况及工作满意度调查

调查显示,医学高职毕业生就业存在基层就业率和工作满意度“两低”的现状,其主要影响因素是经济待遇、生活环境、医院设备状况、自身医疗技术发展等。培养适合基层需要的实用型人才、加强基层医疗机构建设和学生就业指导工作力度,对促进医学生到基层就业具有重要意义。     

新疆少数民族应届护理毕业生就业态度的调查

目的：了解新疆少数民族护理专业学生（护生）的就业态度和对未来职业生涯的规划,帮助护生树立正确的择业观和就业态度,并为做好少数民族护生就业指导工作提供理论参考。方法自行设计护理学院少数民族应届毕业生就业态度调查问卷,对新疆医科大学护理学院的152名少数民族护理专业大专、本科学生进行调查。结果少数民族护生中,68．75％的护生愿意毕业后从事护理工作;67．19％的护生选择三甲级医院,而不愿意到基层工作;60．15％的护生认为护士的主要压力是时刻担心出现错误,但有79．69％的护生在工作中真正出差错时,可完善自己,迎难而上。结论护生应转变就业观念,做好职业生涯规划,树立正确的择业观和就业心态。建议为护生就业进行专业指导,提供就业咨询渠道。     

安徽省专科护生社区职业选择影响因素的调查研究

目的 调查分析安徽省大中专护生社区职业选择的影响因素,为促进职业院校社区护理教育改革、指导专科护生社区就业提供参考依据。 方法 应用自行设计的职业院校护生社区职业选择调查问卷对1 212名大中专护生进行调查。 结果 在职业选择的正向影响因素中,88.78%的护生认为在社区医院工作能够更好的照顾家庭;79.04%的护生能认识到社区医疗为患者健康所系,并愿意为此奉献社区;78.38%的护生认可社区医院的工作属性。在职业选择的负向影响因素中,仅有9.08%的护生认为个人价值可以在社区卫生服务机构中实现;14.93%的护生认为福利待遇是影响社区职业选择的主要因素;25.34%的护生认为在社区工作能更好完善自身人格建设。其中,相对自由、完善人格、工作属性和职称晋升对不同学历护生社区职业选择差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而实现价值、福利待遇、照顾家庭、结交朋友、健康所系和社会关系对不同学历护生社区职业选择差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。 结论 合理的收入分配以及更有效的正确价值观引导是社区吸引人才的重要方面,让初级医疗单位成为有自身特色的事业单位将有助于吸纳更多优秀的护理院校毕业生社区就业。      

试论护理学专业学生护理服务文化教化

本文探讨了我校护理学专业学生护理服务文化教化模式。通过对我校2004级护理学专业学生进行护理“理念文化”和“安全文化”及“隐私文化”教化，调查了这些学生在实习单位的综合表现。结果显示，本届学生获得实习单位综合评价的优秀率达到84．26％，明显高于对其他几届实习生的综合评价的优秀率。因此，加强在校学生的护理服务文化教化，可以促进其形成良好的护理职业情感、信念和价值观，有助于提高学生的综合素质。     

护生对老年照护工作选择偏好的研究

目的:了解即将毕业的护理学生对从事老年照护工作的选择偏好,为学校开展就业指导、用人单位吸引优秀人才及政府的政策制定提供项目依据。方法:利用离散选择实验进行调查问卷设计,抽取泉州某高职医学院校3个不同层次、3个专业方向共473名即将实习的护生调查,剔除59名不愿意从事老年照护职业对象,利用混合Logit回归,分析护生对老年照护工作的选择偏好。结果:调查纳入研究的7项工作属性中有3项对护生选择老年照护工作选择具有显著影响,最重要的工作属性是职业发展机会,要将毕业生从有职业发展机会的单位吸引到职业发展机会欠缺的单位需要多支付2 676元,其次重要的工作属性是子女教育条件、编制;提供编制和好的子女教育条件均可将护生从事老年照护工作的离职意愿由79%降至29%左右。结论:政策制定及相关机构可通过提供有编制、充足职业发展空间、好的子女教育条件等方法来弥补工资不足等问题,利用离散选择实验研究对高校如何培养老年照护人才及单位避免人才流失有一定意义。     

专科护生创新性就业对策探讨

近年就业难问题在医学院校中凸照而出,一直以来就业率很高的护理学专业毕业生也面临着同样的就业压力,特别是专科护生。通过个人基本信息、职业规划和择业分析、就业准备和求职期望四个方面的问卷调查,结合专科护生的特点,在常规对镶的基础上探索如假期见、实习,养老护理员和育婴师培训等有针对性地创新性对策,有利于帮助专科护生顺利、优质就业。     

158名应届护理本科毕业生就业情况及影响因素调查

目的：了解护理本科毕业生就业情况及其影响因素,探求就业指导工作的新思路。方法：采用自行设计的问卷对158名应届护理本科毕业生的就业情况及其影响因素进行调查。结果：91．8％应届护理本科毕业生已基本落实就业单住,其中95．2％的护生从事临床护理工作;二本护生与三本护生就业率和就业单位比较,差别均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;80％以上的护生认为专业知识和操作技能、仪表外貌、沟通能力是影响就业的前三位因素。结论：我校应届护理本科毕业生的就业形势相对较好;护理专业毕业生就业单位主要是医院,就业面较窄;学校需要帮助学生正确认识就业影响因素,提高护生的就业竞争力。     

中专护理专业2013级新生心理健康状况调查分析

目的了解中专护理2013级新生心理健康水平,为学院开展有效的心理健康教育、合理开设心理健康教育板块提供理论支撑。方法随机抽取皖北卫生职业学院中专护理专业2013级新生160名为研究对象,运用症状自评量表SCL-90进行问卷调查测试并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果中专护理2013级新生心理健康水平总体上低于国内青年常模和中学生常模,而高于合肥某中等职业学校的学生。19.6%的新生存在中度以上的心理问题,以人际关系、抑郁、恐怖、焦虑、敌对、强迫和偏执为主。结论中职护理专业2013级新生心理健康水平不容乐观,在学院开展有效的心理健康教育势在必行!