不同产地牛膝药材中齐墩果酸的含量测定

目的:采用薄层色谱扫描法测定不同产地牛膝中齐墩果酸的含量。方法:硅胶G薄层板,展开剂:氯仿-乙醚-甲醇-冰醋酸(15∶5∶1∶0.05);显色剂:10%硫酸乙醇溶液喷雾,105℃烘烤约5min,双波长锯齿扫描,检测波长:λS=530nm,参比波长λR=700 nm。结果:齐墩果酸在1.245~7.469μg范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0.9954;平均回收率为97.62%(RSD=1.07%)。结论:用于牛膝中齐墩果酸的成分分析,本法简便、准确、重现性好。     

TLC—可见分光光度法对丝瓜藤及其炮制品质量控制的应用

用薄层刮板-可见分光光度法检测丝瓜藤及其炒黄、炒炭制品中齐墩果酸的含量。其方法回收率为99．52％，r=0．9998（n=5），RSD为1．05％，取得了较为可靠的结果。证明丝瓜藤原药材及其炮制品中齐墩果酸含量无显著差别。     

复方女贞子胶囊中齐墩果酸的含量测定

采用薄层扫描法测定复方女贞子胶囊中齐墩果酸的含量。以硅胶G为薄层吸附剂，环乙烷-丙酮-乙酸乙酯（4：2：1）为展开剂，10％硫酸乙醇为显色剂，用DS－930薄层扫描仪，在λS=530um，λR＝680um波长处扫描。本法的平均回收率为99．22％，同一批样品平行试验6欢的相对标准偏差为3．14％。     

薄层扫描法测定黄毛楤木中齐墩果酸的含量

目的 建立黄毛楤木中齐墩果酸的含量测定方法。方法 采用薄层扫描法测定黄毛楤木中齐墩果酸的含量，测定波长λs=530nm，参比波长λR=700nm；展开剂为石油醚(60℃～90℃)-苯-醋酸乙酯-冰醋酸(10：20：5：0．75)；显色剂为10％硫酸乙醇溶液。结果 齐墩果酸在1．17～5．85μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0．9994)，平均回收率为98．11％；RSD为1．05％。结论 该方法简便、准确，可对药材质量进行控制。     

薄层色谱法鉴别蛇莓中齐墩果酸

目的：鉴别蛇莓中齐墩果酸。方法：采用薄层色谱法,用硅胶G铺薄板,以环己烷-丙酮-醋酸乙酯-冰醋酸（65：25：10：1）为展开剂,5%硫酸乙醇溶液为显色剂,鉴别蛇莓中齐墩果酸。结果：样品与齐墩果酸对照品在同样的位置显同样的紫色斑点,说明蛇莓中含有齐墩果酸。结论：本实验建立的蛇莓药材中齐墩果酸的TLC鉴别方法,操作简便、结果可靠,可为鉴别蛇莓药材及其制剂提供实用的方法。     

子午降压胶囊中齐墩果酸的含量测定

怀牛膝为子午降压胶囊的君药,其有效成分是以齐墩果酸为苷元的三萜皂苷。采用薄层扫描法测定予午降压胶囊中齐墩果酸的含量,其加样回收率为97.66％,RSD=1.36％,此法操作简便,结果可靠,可作为子午降压胶囊的质量控制指标之一。     

紫外光谱法测定齐墩果酸含量

目的利用紫外光谱法测定齐墩果酸含量。方法 在210nm波长下,以甲醇作溶剂,作齐墩果酸标准工作曲线,并测定齐墩果酸片的含量。结果齐墩果酸在4-120μvg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好。r=0.9993。平均回收率为99.0％,RSD=0.8％(n=5)。结论该方法简便,快速,结果准确。重现性好。适用于药品中齐墩果酸含量的测定。     

薄层扫描法测定木瓜中齐墩果酸的含量

目的 建立木瓜中齐墩果酸的含量测定方法。方法 采用双波长薄层扫描法，以氯仿-甲醇（40：1）为展开剂，10%硫酸乙醇液为显色剂，测定波长λs=640nm,λR=535nm。结果 木瓜中其他成分对齐墩果酸的测定无干扰，线性范围为2.272-11.360μg，平均回收率为98.29%,RSD为2.07%。结论 该方法操作简便，准确，可用于木瓜的质量监控。     

薄层扫描法测定亮舒片中齐墩果酸的含量

目的 建立亮舒片中齐墩果酸的含量测定方法.方法 在硅胶G薄层板上,以环己烷-丙酮-乙酸乙酯（5：2：1）为展开剂,采用双波长薄层扫描法测定,λs=530nm,λR：700nm.结果 齐墩果酸点样量在0.25～3.0/μg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R=0.9970,回收率为99.55%,RSD小于5%.结论 薄层扫描法测定舒片中齐墩果酸含量灵敏、简便、准确、易行,可用于该制剂的含量测定和质量控制.     

花藤子颗粒的质量标准

目的:用HPLC法测定花藤子颗粒中大黄素和齐墩果酸的含量,作为制定花藤子颗粒质量标准的依据.方法:采用的色谱柱为ODSC18柱;流动相:大黄素为甲醇-0.01g/L磷酸水溶液(90∶10);齐墩果酸为甲醇-水(90∶10);检测波长:大黄素为290nm,齐墩果酸为215nm.结果:大黄素在0.1314～0.8760μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9997.平均回收率为99.56%,RSD=2.20%.齐墩果竣在1.17～7.80μg范围内线形关系良好,r=0.9998.平均回收率为100.38%,RSD=1.45%.结论:本法可用于花藤子颗粒的质量控制.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.