Ox-LDL诱导血管内皮细胞表达LOX-1

【目的】探讨血凝素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体1（LOX-1）作为氧化低密度脂蛋白（OX—LDL）的特异性受体在摄取ox-LDL后对人脐静脉血管内皮细胞（HUVECs）表达LOX-1的影响以及LOX-1在ox-LDL诱导其自身表达中所起的作用。【方法】用天然低密度脂蛋白（n—LDL）、LOX-1的受体阻断剂聚肌苷酸[poly（I）250μg／mL和爱兰苔胶carrageenan）以及不同质量浓度的ox—LDL（0，10，20，50，100μg／mL）与HUVECs作用于不同的时间（0，6，12，24，36h），用Realtime RT—PCR测定LOX-1 mRNA的表达水平，用Western blot测定LOX-1蛋白表达水平，并比较加入LOX-1阻断剂前后LOX-1表达的变化。【结果】在HUVECs中加入不同质量浓度的ox—LDL（0，10，20，50，100μg／mL），各组剂量的ox—LDL都可以增加LOX-1 mRNA和蛋白的表达（P〈0．01），在10—50μg/mL的剂量范围内有明显的剂量-效应关系。但n—LDL对LOX-1的表达无影响。随着ox—LDL与HUVECs作用时间的延长，LOX-1 mRNA和蛋白的表达显著升高（P〈0．01），在6～24h内呈明显的时间-效应关系（P〈0．01）。HUVECs预先与250μg/mL的poly（I）或carrageenan作用2h，然后再加入50μg／mL的ox—LDL作用24h。poly（I）和carrageenan都可以显著抑制ox—LDL诱导的LOX-1 mRNA和蛋白的表达（P〈0．01）。【结论】Ox—LDL可以诱导HUVECs LOX-1的表达，该诱导作用可被LOX-1的阻断剂部分拮抗。表明LOX-1不仅特异性地结合ox—LDL，而且介导ox—LDL对LOX-1表达的上调作用。     

氨氯地平对ox-LDL诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞MCP-1 mRNA表达的影响

目的观察氨氯地平对氧化型低密度脂蛋白（ox—LDL）诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞（hUVEC-12）单核细胞趋化蛋白1（MCP-1）mRNA表达的影响,以进一步探讨氨氯地平抗动脉粥样硬化的作用机制。方法筛选ox—LDL与hUVEC-12细胞孵育合适的处理浓度与时间,然后用不同浓度氨氯地平（0、0．1、1．0、10．0μmol／L）预孵育hUVEC-12后,与ox—LDL共同孵育,RT—PCR检测细胞MCP-1 mRNA表达的变化情况。结果筛选出ox—LDL与hUVEC-12共同孵育的合适浓度为50mg／L,时间为24h。氨氯地平可下调MCP-1 mRNA的表达,并且对其表达的影响呈现浓度依赖性。结论氨氯地平可下调ox—LDL诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞MCP-1 mRNA的表达。     

脱氢表雄酮对氧化低密度脂蛋白诱导的血管平滑肌细胞中VCAM-1和MCP-1表达的影响

目的 探讨脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）对氧化低密度脂蛋白诱导的血管平滑肌细胞中VCAM-1及MCP-1表达的影响,研究脱氢表雄酮在动脉粥样硬化中的作用。方法 取4～6周龄雄性SD大鼠,进行血管平滑肌细胞的原代培养,当细胞纯度达95％以上,取第3～4代细胞用于实验。按实验设计将培养细胞分为4个组：①正常对照组;②ox-LDL刺激组;③ox-LDL＋DHEA组;④DHEA组。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测其VCAM-1及MCP-1mRNA的表达情况。结果 逆转录聚合酶链反应结果显示,各组细胞均表达VCAM-1mRNA和MCP-1mRNA,OX-LDL组VSMC表达的VCAM-1和MCP-1mRNA明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）,而同时加入DHEA后其mRNA表达则有下降（P〈0．05及P〈0．01）。单独加DHEA组与正常对照组比较,VCAM-1和MCP-1mRNA表达与正常组mRNA无差异。结论 OX-LDL能明显诱导VSMC中VCAM-1及MCP-1的表达,DHEA能够抑制OX-LDL诱导的VSMC细胞VCAM-1及MCP-1的分泌,可能是其抗动脉粥样硬化的机制之一。     

AngⅡ对血管内皮细胞表达粘附分子和释放NO的影响

目的：观察AngⅡ对体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）表达粘附分子（ICAM-1和VCAM-1）及内皮NO生成的影响，讨论三者之间的关系和可能机制。方法：采用胰蛋白酶消化法进行HUVECs的原代培养，3～5代用于实验；通过RT—PCR和WesternBlot检测两种粘附分子的mRNA和蛋白表达水平；利用Griees反应原理测定上清NO释放量。结果：HUVECs未活化时不表达VCAM-1而ICAM-1呈低表达状态；AngⅡ在生理浓度时（1019mol／L）即可刺激HUVECs表达ICAM-1和VCAM-1mRNA，随浓度增加表达增强；10^-7 mol／L AngⅡ在不同时间点刺激HUVECs 6h即有ICAM-1mRNA和VCAM-1mRNA较高表达，但高峰有所不同，前者在10h左右，后者为12h。在AngⅡ刺激下两种粘附分子的蛋白表达水平和趋势与mRNA相似；并随浓度增加而明显抑制NO生成。结论：AngⅡ明显增强HUVECs表达粘附分子，并抑制其NO生成，具有显著的促炎和促动脉粥样硬化作用。     

氧化型低密度脂蛋白对人THP1细胞 Notch1表达及分泌细胞因子的影响

探讨氧化型低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low-density lipoprotein,ox-LDL)刺激人单核细胞株THP1对Notch1表达及分泌细胞因子的影响探讨对动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)发病的可能作用。方法：将人单核细胞株（THP1）经氟波酯 （P M A）刺激转化为巨噬细胞后给予不同浓度ox-LDL刺激,相差显微镜动态观察细胞形态变化,RT-PCR检测不同浓度ox-LDL刺激后细胞表面Notch1 mRNA水平,用Western-blot测定Notch1蛋白表达,用ELISA法测定上清液中血管细胞黏附分子1（vascular cell adhesive molecule1,VCAM-1）和单核细胞趋化分子1（Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1）浓度。结果：ox-LDL诱导48h后巨噬细胞发生树突样细胞形态改变;与对照组相比,OX-LDL能刺激巨噬细胞表面Notch1蛋白和mRNA表达升高(P<0．05),培养上清液中VCAM-1和MCP-1的表达升高(P<0．05),在50ng/ml浓度下诱导最佳。结论：ox-LDL能够刺激THP1细胞诱导Notch1表达增加,同时能增加动脉粥样硬化相关细胞因子VCAM-1和MCP-1的分泌,ox—LDL致动脉粥样硬化作用可能部分由Notch1介导。     

Ox-LDL对PLGF作用内皮细胞释放炎症因子的影响

目的探讨ox—LDL对胎盘生长因子-1作用人脐静脉内皮细胞ECV-304释放炎症因子IL-6、MMP-2表达的影响。方法在ox—LDL（25μg／mL）条件下,应用不同浓度的胎盘生长因子-1（20、40、80ng／mL）孵育ECV-304。对照组为单用ox—LDL孵育ECV-304。3h、6h、12h、24h后收集细胞上清液,ELISA法检测内皮细胞相关炎症因子IL-6、MMP-2的表达。结果在氧化损伤条件下,胎盘生长因子-1诱导炎症因子的表达呈时间、浓度依赖关系。结论氧化损伤是动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素,而PLGF可上调炎症因子的表达,进一步促使疾病的恶化。     

丙丁酚对晚期糖化终产物刺激的微血管内皮细胞血管细胞粘附分子-1表达的影响

目的 研究丙丁酚对晚期糖化终产物（AGEs)诱导的微血管内皮细胞血管细胞粘附分子1（VCAM-1）表达的影响及作用机制。方法 采用流式细胞仪测定AGEs刺激及丙丁酚作用后小鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞VCAM-1的表达，采用放射免疫法测定培养上清液中肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α水平。结果 AGEs刺激后VCAM-1表达增加，TNF-α水平升高；丙丁酚干预组VCAM-1表达降低，TNF-α水平下降并具有剂量依赖性。结论 丙丁酚能抑制AGEs诱导的微血管内皮细胞VCAM-1的表达，TNF-α的介导是可能的机制之一。     

MCP-3对人脐静脉内皮细胞表达ICAM-1、VCAM-1、TF/TFPI及其凋亡的影响

目的研究单核细胞趋化因子-3（MCP-3）对人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）表达ICAM-1、VCAM-1、TF、TFPI 及其凋亡
的影响。方法分离、培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,分别给予0~3.0 ng/ml的MCP-3进行干预,确定MCP-3对HUVECs的最适作用
浓度,以此浓度干预HUVECs,在MCP-3 加药之前1 h 分别给予MCP-3 抗体（20 ng/ml）、PI3K抑制剂LY-294002（5 mmol/ml）
处理细胞,MCP-3 作用24 h 后提取各组总RNA、总蛋白,用RT-PCR、Western blot 分别检测干预后的ICAM-1、VCAM-1、TF、
TFPI 的表达。模拟病理状态,用ox-LDL 干预HUVECs与空白组对照,24 h 后提取各组总RNA、总蛋白,用RT-PCR、Western
Blot 分别检测各组MCP-3 表达情况。最后,用MCP-3 及MCP-3+CCR2 拮抗剂RS102895（6μmol/L）分别干预HUVECs,作用
24、48 h 分别检测HUVECs凋亡率及caspase3 的表达,并与空白对照组比较。结果MCP-3 对HUVECs的最适作用浓度为
0.3 ng/ml（P<0.05）;MCP-3 可诱导HUVECs 细胞中ICAM-1、VCAM-1、TF 表达的增加,同时可抑制TFPI 表达（P<0.05）;
MCP-3 抗体和LY-294002 可分别拮抗、抑制此作用（P<0.05）;ox-LDL 可上调HUVECs表达MCP-3（P<0.05）;作用24、48 h 后
MCP-3 可明显诱导HUVECs凋亡,CCR2 抑制剂可拮抗此作用。结论ox-LDL 可诱导HUVECs表达MCP-3,MCP-3 可诱导
HUVECs凋亡,且可能部分通过PI3K信号通路影响HUVECs功能。
     

ox-LDL对巨噬细胞表达miRNA-155和miRNA-146a／b的影响

目的：探讨氧化低密度脂蛋白（ox—LDL）刺激对巨噬细胞表达miRNA-155和miRNA-146a／b的影响。方法：培养人巨噬细胞,随机分为三组：空白对照组、ox-LDL（10μg／mL）组和OX—LDL（20μg／mL）组,刺激6h后,收集细胞,实时定量PCR方法检测miRNA-155和miRNA—146a／b的表达。结果：OX—LDL刺激可以增加巨噬细胞表达miRNA-155和miRNA-146a／b,且呈浓度依赖性。结论：miRNA-155和miRNA-146a／b可能参与ox-LDL致动脉粥样硬化过程。     

姬松茸多糖对LPS诱导人脐静脉血管内皮细胞损伤的保护机制

目的：探讨姬松茸多糖（ABP）对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞（HUVECs）损伤的保护作用及其可能的机制。方法：HUVECs分为Control组、LPS组（终浓度为1 μg/mL LPS构建细胞损伤模型）、LPS+ABP组（LPS基础上分别用10、20、50 μg/mL ABP进行干预）,CCK-8法检测ABP对HUVECs的细胞毒性作用,ELISA法、Western blot及RT-PCR检测各组炎症因子及细胞黏附分子的表达,Western blot和免疫荧光法检测各组NF-κB信号通路相关蛋白表达及核转位。结果：LPS组TNF-α、IL-6、COX-2、iNOS、ICAM-1、VCAM-1蛋白及p-p65/p65、p-IκB/IκB蛋白相对表达量较Control组显著升高（P ＜0.01）;LPS+ABP组随药物浓度升高,TNF-α、IL-6、COX-2、iNOS、ICAM-1、VCAM-1蛋白及p-p65/p65、p-IκB/IκB蛋白表达较LPS组逐渐降低（P ＜0.05）。LPS组TNF-α、IL-6、COX-2、iNOS、ICAM-1、VCAM-1 mRNA较Control组显著升高（P ＜0.01）;LPS+ABP组随药物浓度升高,TNF-α、IL-6、COX-2、iNOS、ICAM-1、VCAM-1 mRNA表达较LPS组逐渐降低（P ＜0.05）。结论：ABP可以通过抑制LPS诱导的炎症因子和细胞黏附分子的表达来减轻HUVECs的损伤,其机制可能与抑制细胞中NF-κB信号通路的激活有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.