膀胱癌原癌基因c－erbB－2蛋白产物的表达

采用免疫组化ＰＡＰ方法对６３例膀胱癌癌基因ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２表达产物进行检测，２９例显示表达阳性，且阳性率在恶性度低、浅表性肿瘤中较高，Ⅰ与Ⅲ级、１＋Ⅱ与Ⅲ级、Ｔｉｓ－Ｔ１与Ｔ２～Ｔ４比较均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），表明ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白表达与膀胱癌细胞分化程度、浸润程度及预后关系不大。     

膀胱癌多药耐药基因产物的表达及临床意义

目的探讨膀胱癌组织的多药耐药基因（mdr－1）产物P-糖蛋白（P-GP）的表达情况。方法应用LSAB免疫组化技术研究25例初发膀胱癌及16例复发膀胱癌的P－GP阳性表达。结果初发膀胱癌P－GP阳性表达率48％,复发膀胱癌P-GP阳性表达率87.5％,复发性膀胱癌P－GP阳性表达率明显高于初发肿瘤（P＜0.05）。不同病理分级、临床分期间的P－GP阳性表达率无显著性差异（P＞005）。结论膀胱癌的P－GP阳性表达水平与肿瘤病理分级及临床分期无关。复发性膀胱癌有较高的P－GP表达是由于肿瘤接触化疗药物后,mdr－1基因扩增所致。P－GP的过度表达可能是膀胱癌腔内化疗失败的重要原因之一。     

C-erbB-2基因在青老年乳腺癌中的表达及其意义

探讨c erbB 2基因在青老年乳腺癌中表达的差异及其意义。应用免疫组织化学SABC法检测 63例青年乳腺癌组织和 60例老年乳腺癌组织c erbB 2蛋白表达 ,分析两组间的差异及其与腋窝淋巴结转移、肿瘤临床分期的关系。c erbB 2基因青老年乳腺癌中阳性表达分别为 61.90 % ( 3 9/63 )和 43 .3 3 % ( 2 6/60 ) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。在青老年乳腺癌组织中 ,腋窝淋巴结转移组c erbB 2阳性表达率 (青年组 71.0 5 % ,老年组 61.16% )明显高于腋窝淋巴结阴性组 ( 4 3 .48% ,3 2 .3 5 % ;P <0 .0 5 )。 0～Ⅱ期乳腺癌c erbB 2阳性表达率 (青年组 5 2 .2 7% ,老年组 3 4.15 % )明显低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期 ( 84.2 1% ,5 7.89% ;P <0 .0 5 )。在青年乳腺癌组织中c erbB 2阳性表达率高 ,是青年乳腺癌生物学行为特征之一 ,亦是影响青年乳腺癌预后的重要因素。青老年乳腺癌中c erbB 2表达与病期及腋窝淋巴结转移有关。     

HRG-1基因在膀胱癌和正常膀胱组织中的表达

目的观察HRG-1基因在膀胱正常组织和膀胱癌组织中的表达,探讨HRG-1基因表达与膀胱肿瘤病理分级和临床分期的关系。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测63例膀胱癌和28例膀胱正常组织石蜡标本中HRG-1表达情况,并进行相关临床病理分析。结果在正常膀胱组织和膀胱癌组织中HRG-1表达有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;HRG-1的阳性表达与膀胱癌病例分级、临床分期之间有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论 HRG-1基因在膀胱癌组织中表达水平显著提高,提示该基因可能对膀胱肿瘤病理分级和临床分期有一定的指导意义。     

MDM2、p53基因在膀胱癌中的表达及其临床价值

目的　探讨癌基因ＭＤＭ２ 和抑癌基因ｐ５３ 在膀胱癌中的表达及其临床价值。　方法　采用免疫组织化学方法对２３ 例膀胱癌标本进行检测。　结果　ＭＤＭ２ 、ｐ５３ 基因蛋白在肿瘤中阳性表达为３９ ％ 和４８ ％ ,与肿瘤分级分期,肿瘤复发性相关,两者异常表达呈负相关（ｒ＝ － ０ ．２ ９４６ ,Ｐ＜０ ．０５）。两者在癌旁组织中亦有一定表达率。　结论　ＭＤＭ２ 、ｐ５３ 基因的异常表达是膀胱癌中的基因事件,与膀胱癌发生发展密切相关,可作为临床判断肿瘤进展及可能预后的瘤标。     

An immunohistological demonstration of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression in primary urothelial bladder cancer

Summary Sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-blocked tissue from 116 primary transitional cell carcinomas were stained immunohistochemically using a polyclonal antibody against the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein. Positive staining of cell membranes, known to correlate with gene amplification, was seen in 22 (19%) of the 116, with variable staining from tumour to tumour and within tumours themselves. Consistent with its mooted value as a prognosticator in bladder cancer, the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein was detected in 13 (of 40) grade III and 9 of the 26 muscle-invasive tumours examined compared to 1 (of 25) grade I and 6 (of 66) mucosa only (pTa) lesions. These results support further examination of c-erbB-2 expression in bladder cancer.     

Overexpression of c-erbB-2 gene product is associated with poor prognosis factors in breast carcinoma

Oncogenes, the abnormal forms of proto-oncogenes, were shown to be involved in malignant transformation and in tumor progression. c-erbB2/HER2/neu is member of EGFR family and encodes the p185 protein, which functions as a tyrosine-kinase. Gene amplification and/or p185 overexpression were reported to be associated with poor prognostic in cancer. Our purpose was to investigate p185 immunohistochemical expression in breast carcinomas and in the corresponding axillary lymph nodes metastases and to identify possible correlation between p185 and other factors of poor prognostic, such as loss of hormonal receptors expression. In our study, 40.91% of cases were erbB-2 positive, p185 expression being maintained from the primary tumors to axillary metastases and associated with positive nodal status and with the absence of hormonal receptors expression (p < 0.05). These findings support the hypothesis the c-erbB2 is an advantageous acquisition for the aggressive behavior of the tumor cell and for its ability to invade and metastasize.     

乳腺癌c-erbB-2的表达及其与肿瘤血管生成的关系

摘要：为探讨乳腺癌c erbB 2与腋窝淋巴结转移和肿瘤血管生成的关系，笔者应用SABC免疫组化法检测70例乳腺癌组织中c erbB 2基因表达和VEGF，FLK 1，bFGF，FLG阳性系数值及MVC值。结果示腋窝淋巴结转移组c erbB 2阳性率明显高于腋窝淋巴结未转移组（P＜0.01）。VEGF，FLK 1，bFGF，FLG和MVC值在c erbB 2阳性和阴性组间有差异（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。提示乳腺癌c erbB 2表达与腋窝淋巴结转移和肿瘤血管生成有关。     

LRIG2基因在膀胱癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:了解LRIG2基因及其产物在膀胱癌中的表达情况及其与肿瘤分级分期的关系。方法:采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应和Western-blot技术检测了38例膀胱癌组织和16例正常膀胱黏膜组织中LRIG2mRNA和蛋白的表达情况。结果:膀胱癌组织中LRIG2mRNA和蛋白的表达水平显著低于正常膀胱黏膜组织;且分级和分期越高,LRIG2mRNA和蛋白的表达水平越低。结论:LRIG2基因有可能是一种新的抑癌基因,其缺失或表达水平下调会导致肿瘤细胞生长分化,提示其有可能成为肿瘤基因治疗的又一靶点。     

Parameters of incurability in urinary bladder cancer

Curative treatment of bladder cancer is limited to superficial tumors (Ta-T2). Advanced stages (T3a + T3b) can be treated only palliatively even when confined to the bladder (N0, M0). Nevertheless the differentiation between curable and incurable tumors is difficult. The classification of patients into the two different categories is usually done on the basis of tumor infiltration and lymph node involvement. In this retrospective study all available data of patients with bladder cancer were evaluated for their prognostic reliability in order to obtain a safe basis for further therapeutic approaches. The principal aim was to define parameters of reliable prognostic significance to prevent under- or overtreatment during the entire course of the disease.     

乳癌中p16,c-erbB-2的表达及意义

探讨ｐ１６和ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白表达与乳癌临床病理因素及预后的关系。方法 采用免疫组化和ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ技术,分别检测５０例乳癌ｐ１６,ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白的表达和２０例乳癌ｐ１６基因的纯合性缺失及突变。结果 ５０例乳癌中,１７例（３４．０％）ｐ１６蛋白表达阳性,２４例（４８．０％）ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２蛋白表达阳性。２０例乳癌中无ｐ１６基因的纯合性缺失,１例ｐ１６基因外显子２有点突变。结果表明,ｐ１６     

Surgical treatment of urinary bladder cancer

Ultrasonic transabdominal and transrectal investigations, computed tomography, endoscopic photodynamic studies, polyfocal biopsy of the urinary bladder were used in examination of 1238 patients which were diagnosed to have urinary bladder cancer. 894 patients underwent transurethral resection of the bladder. Morphologically, cancer of the urinary bladder has an inductory effect on intact parts of the bladder mucosa. This means that even most radical resection does not eliminate grounds for a new tumor growth. Radical cystectomy was performed in diffuse papillomatosis, multiple stage T2 tumors of high-grade malignancy, tumors at stage T3, T4, Nx, MO, in rapid recurrent tumors after conservative or operative treatment.