勇敢一点,自在一点

世界第一名的老太婆——“完了就完了嘛，干嘛担忧！”93岁的老妇麦克马洪说闲谈中，一位企业家朋友消遣自己：“我最近最怕看社会新闻。”“唉，”他长叹了口气，“我一看到社会新闻就伤心。现在的记者是不是太年轻了，只要写到50岁以上的，就说是50多岁的‘老人’某某某如何又如何，我今年50，以为自己还年轻呢，没想到自己已经在不知不觉间变成一个大家眼中的老人了。”岁月总在不知不觉间溜走。我们小时候看见老人，都以为他们“本来”就那么老，不曾想到自己有一天会变老，有一天手脚会变得不灵活，有一天要花好多力气来克服身体上逐渐…     

维生素A促进伤口愈合的适宜剂量的研究

本研究观察了大鼠手术以后,补给不同剂量的VA对血清VA、伤口愈合及胸腺的影响。术后每天补给VA6μg/100g bw的手术Ⅰ组,血清VA含量和胸腺重量均明显小于补给同样剂量的正常对照组。术后每天补给VA25μg/100gbw的手术Ⅱ组,不仅血清VA可维持在正常营养水平,而且胸腺也无明显变化,伤口愈合的组织形态学结构已接近正常大鼠的皮肤,伤口张力也显著大于手术Ⅰ组。术后每天补给VA50μg/100gbw的手术Ⅲ组,效果并不优于手术Ⅱ组。因此,VA促进大鼠伤口愈合的适宜剂量应为25μg/100g bw·d,约相当于正常供给量的4倍。     

A person to person hepatitis A outbreak

A person to person outbreak of hepatitis A is described: 90 cases of hepatitis A occurred in a small town in Calabria, southern Italy; all cases were under 18 years of age with the highest age-specific incidence rate in the 6-10 year age group. Transmission was identified by tracing close contacts with other incubating or active cases; only eight out of 90 cases were not identified as having a very probable or possible contact with an infecting case. Transmission was high between family members leading to a secondary family attack rate of 51% in children under 16. An enteric disease educational campaign was carried out together with IgG and no cases of hepatitis A were reported in the two years following the investigation.     

对一随访资料的补充分析

本文对Sartwell报道的一组前瞻性调查资料，用寿命表法作了补充分析。编制了随访资料，去心脏病死因及对照人群三个寿命表。     

一起冬季学校菌痢暴发疫情

目的 通过调查分析1起腹痛、腹泻、里急后重为主要症状的学校聚集性疫情,了解疫情的流行病学特征,分析查找传染源和传播方式,评估调查处置过程,为预防控制措施提供科学依据并积累疫情处置经验.方法 采用流行病学调查分析方法对住校生与通读生,就餐者与非就餐者进行对照分析,采取患者肛拭子进行PCR和细菌学实验室检验.结果 共发病39名,学生罹患率14.4％,12月7日至12日发病,发病者均为学校食堂就餐者,住校生罹患率高于通读生,未就餐者未发病,8名患者肛拭子PCR和细菌学检测均为宋内志贺菌阳性,一过性发生无二代病例.结论 该校为食堂食品或餐具污染所致的宋内志贺菌暴发疫情;疫情控制措施及时有力;冬季仍需警惕菌痢疫情.     

A conversation with Elizabeth A. Stuart

Elizabeth A. Stuart is a Professor in the Departments of Mental Health, Biostatistics, and Health Policy and Management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Associate Dean for Education at the school. She is a renowned expert in the area of causal inference, including propensity score methods for observational data and the generalizability of randomized trial results, and is also a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. Prior to her appointment to the faculty at Johns Hopkins, Professor Stuart received her Ph.D. in statistics from Harvard University and a bachelor’s degree in mathematics from Smith College. In 2015, Professor Stuart was recognized at the International Conference on Health Policy Statistics with the Mid-Career Award from the Health Policy Statistics Section of the American Statistical Association.     

A NEW YEAR MESSAGE AND A DECLARATION

Happy New Year to our readers and contributors, to members ofthe Editorial Advisory Board and the many independent expertreferees for this journal, to members of the Editorial Team,and to members, officers and staff of the Medical Council onAlcohol (MCA), the European Society for Biomedical Researchon Alcoholism (ESBRA), and our publisher Oxford University Press(OUP). I wish everyone a healthy, happy and successful 2003. I should     

A soccer championship and hepatitis A outbreak

Background: An outbreak of hepatitis A took place in the coastalvillage of Bueu, Galicia, Spain in the period 15 July–1November 1997 involving a total of 114 reported cases out ofa population of 12,480. Preliminary investigations pointed toa waterborne outbreak. Methods: A matched case-control studywas designed. Results: A statistical association was found withconsumption of water from two public water fountains (‘A’and ‘B’) and a history of bathing at a nearby beach.Conclusions: After controlling for potential confounders, theonly source of the outbreak was water drunk from fountain ‘A’(odds ratio = 55.0 and 95% confidence interval: 18.0–168.0).     

一本杂志与一个群体的思想盛宴——第六届中国（小汤山）医疗卫生产业发展论坛侧记

2009年6月6日,重庆,一场连阴雨,让这个闻名遐迩的“大火炉”终于不再热得发烫。 天公作美,当天上午8时,下榻于重庆渝州宾馆的200多位医院院长、卫生局长、药企高管及学界精英也早早起床,赶到几百米外的报告厅,静待第六届中国（小汤山）医疗卫生产业发展论坛启幕。