元宝草｛口（左）山（右）｝酮成分的研究

 目的对元宝草的化学成分进行研究。方法利用硅胶、聚酰胺、Sephadex LH-20和大孔树脂柱色谱对化合物进行分离,并用光谱方法进行结构鉴定。结果分离鉴定了4个酮类成分:1-羟基-7-甲氧基酮(Ⅰ)、1,3,5-三羟基酮(Ⅱ)、1,3,6,7-四羟基酮(Ⅲ)和芒果苷(Ⅳ)。结论除化合物Ⅳ外,均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

元宝草金丝桃素含量的分析

目的 :了解元宝草中不同部位金丝桃素含量。方法 :建立了用HPLC法测定元宝草和贯叶连翘不同部位中金丝桃素含量的方法。NovapakC1 8柱 ;流动相 :甲醇∶乙醇∶0 .1mmol·L - 1NaH2 SO4 (2 0 0∶30 0∶1 0 0 ) ;流速 1 .0mL·min- 1 ;柱温 30°C ;检测波长 588nm。结果 :元宝草有花植株和花中金丝桃素的含量与贯叶连翘基本相近。结论 :有可能从之宝草中筛选出金丝桃素含量更高的植株     

滇产元宝草中的元宝草酮及酮成分

目的　研究金丝桃属植物元宝草 Hypericum sampsonii全株的化学成分 ,并通过药理试验寻找活性成分 (或组份 )。方法　在细胞毒筛选结果指导下 ,同步对元宝草活性部位进行化学成分分离纯化。硅胶为吸附剂 ,多次柱色谱、重结晶 ;并通过理化数据测定及波谱分析 ,鉴定化合物结构。结果　分离鉴定出 6种成分 ,分别是 :1-苯甲酰基 - 3- (3-甲基 - 2 -丁烯基 ) - 6 ,6 ,13,13-四甲基 - 11-香叶基 - 5 -唑四环 [7.3.1.0 3,7.0 4 ,1 1 ]十三烷 - 2 ,12 -二酮 (元宝草酮 A, ) ;1-苯甲酰基 -5 - (1-羟基 -异丙基 ) - 6 ,6 ,13,13-四甲基 - 11-香叶基 -四环 [7.3.1.1.0 3,7]十四烷 - 2 ,12 ,14 -三酮 (元宝草酮 F, ) ;3- (1-羟基 - 5 -甲基 - 4 -己烯基 ) - 6 ,10 -二 (3-甲基 - 2 -丁烯基 ) - 8-苯甲酰基 - 9,9-二甲基 - 4 -唑三环 [6 .3.1.0 1 ,5]- 5 -十二碳烯 - 7,12 -二酮 (元宝草酮 K, ) ;1,2 -二氢 - 3,6 ,8-三羟基 - 1,1-双 (3-甲基 -丁 - 2 -烯基 ) - - 2 ,9-酮 (金丝梅酮 , ) ;1,7-二羟基 -4 -甲氧基酮 ( )及 1,3,6 ,7-四羟基 - 8- (3-甲基 -丁 - 2 -烯基 )酮 ( )。结论　化合物 ～ 为首次从该植物中分离得到。另外 ,通过细胞毒试验发现 ,滇产元宝草的氯仿及醋酸乙酯提取物具有抗癌活性     

元宝草化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对元宝草进行化学成分研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、重结晶等方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为1,7-二羟基酮①、1,3,5,6-四羟基酮②、5,7,4’-三羟基-黄酮醇③、5,7,3’,4’-四羟基-黄酮醇④、金丝桃苷⑤、山萘酚-3-0-葡萄糖苷⑥、对羟基苯甲酸⑦、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸⑧、白桦脂酸⑨。结论化合物7,9为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

In vitro cytotoxicity and antitumour properties of Hypericum mysorense and Hypericum patulum

The methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Hypericum mysorense and Hypericum patulum were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity on HEp-2, RD and Vero cell lines and antitumour activity using DLA and HEp-2 cell lines. The cell viability and morphological changes were assessed. Of these extracts, Hypericum patulum (stem) extract showed strong cytotoxicity against all the cell lines used. The CTC50 of the Hypericum patulum (stem) extract was 1.71 microg/mL for HEp-2, 1.53 microg/mL for RD and 2.23 microg/mL for Vero cell lines. The Hypericum patulum (leaves) and Hypericum mysorense (aerial parts) extracts showed moderate cytotoxicity and Hypericum patulum (aerial parts) extract did not show any cytotoxicity up to 1,000 microg/mL concentration. In the clonogenic assay, no colony formation was observed at a concentration of 300 micro g/mL and above for Hypericum mysorense (aerial parts), 400 microg/mL and above for Hypericum patulum (leaves) and 500 microg/mL and above for Hypericum patulum (stem) extracts. In the short term antitumour studies using DLA cells, 50% viability was observed in the concentration range 100-200 microg/mL for Hypericum patulum (leaves and stem) and 200-400 microg/mL for Hypericum mysorense (aerial) extract. In the long term antitumour activity using the HEp-2 cell line, no colony formation was observed over a concentration of 1.6 microg/mL for the Hypericum patulum (stem) extract.     

The antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Hypericum scabrum, Hypericum scabroides and Hypericum triquetrifolium

The essential oils of Hypericum scabrum, Hypericum scabroides and Hypericum triquetrifolium were studied for the first time for their antimicrobial activity against nine organisms. All the essential oils exhibited some broad spectrum antibacterial activity, at a concentration of 80 microg/mL. The essential oils of Hypericum species showed antibacterial activity against the tested organisms and a yeast.     

Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activity of phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum erectum thunb

The chloroform extracts of whole plants of Hypericum erectum were investigated for antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Five phloroglucinol derivatives, otogirin (1), otogirone (2), erectquione A (3), erectquione B (4), and erectquione C (5) were isolated from the whole plants of H. erectum. Also, five compounds were evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activities as well as their cytotoxic potential on SK‐OV‐3 cancer cell line cells. Compounds 2, 4 showed notable growth inhibitory activity against chloroquine‐sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC₅₀ values from 5.6 and 7.2 μM. This compound showed no significant cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ > 150 μM) evaluated using SK‐OV‐3 cancer cell line cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inhibition of bacterial growth and biofilm production by constituents from Hypericum spp

Biofilm embedded bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii are difficult to eradicate and are major sources of bacterial infections. New drugs are needed to combat these pathogens. Hypericum is a plant genus that contains species known to have antimicrobial properties. However, the specific constituents responsible for the antimicrobial properties are not entirely known, nor have most compounds been tested as inhibitors of biofilm development. The investigation presented here tested seven secondary metabolites isolated from the species Hypericum densiflorum, Hypericum ellipticum, Hypericum prolificum, and Hypericum punctatum as inhibitors of bacterial growth and biofilm production. Assays were conducted against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, clinical methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Five of the seven compounds demonstrated growth inhibition against the Gram‐positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 1.95 µg/mL to 7.81 µg/mL. Four of the secondary metabolites inhibited biofilm production by certain Gram‐positive strains at sub‐MIC concentrations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra

From the aerial parts of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra (Guttiferae) 3-8"-biapigenin, quercetin, rutin and chlorogenic acid were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by spectral techniques. Furthermore, the phenolic compounds were tested for antioxidant activity, using an in vitro method based on sodium arachidonoate, bleomycin and thiobarbituric acid with alpha-tocopherol as the reference solution.     

元宝草中2个新化合物

目的研究元宝草Hypericum sampsonii地上部分的化学成分。方法采用HP-20大孔吸附树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、RP-HPLC分离手段进行分离纯化,利用波谱学的方法鉴定化合物结构。结果从元宝草地上部分60%乙醇提取物中分离得到4个化合物,分别鉴定为2,4,6-三甲氧基-3′,5′-二羟基二苯甲酮(1)、2,4,6-三甲氧基-3′-羟基二苯甲酮-5′-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(2)、2-羟基-4,6-二甲氧基二苯甲酮(3)、2,4,6,3′,5′-五甲氧基二苯甲酮(4)。结论化合物1和2为2个新的二苯甲酮类化合物,分别命名为元宝草素A和元宝草素B;化合物3和4为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Antimicrobial potential of two different Hypericum species available in India

The antimicrobial activity of extracts of the leaves and stems of two different varieties of Hypericum was evaluated by the disc diffusion method. Petroleum ether, acetone, chloroform and methanol extracts of Hypericum mysorense and Hypericum patulum stems and leaves were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against six different strains of bacteria and fungi by the zone of inhibition method (ZIM). The results showed that both the stem and leaf extracts of both species have a very broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. The petroleum ether and acetone extract of the leaves and stems of H. mysorense did not show antifungal effects against any of the six fungal organisms tested but other extracts showed a potential antifungal effect which was comparable to that of griseofulvin, the standard antifungal agent. Thus these results demonstrate that the leaf and stem extracts of both the Hypericum species have a very broad spectrum of activity and suggest that they may be useful in the treatment of various microbial infections.     

New biological activities of Casimiroa edulis leaf extract and isolated compounds

The phytochemical investigation of Casimiroa edulis Llave et Lex (Rotaceae) afforded four coumarins: umbelliferone (1), esculetin (2), imperatorin (3) and xanthotoxol (4). The identification of these compounds was achieved by using a combination of m.p., UV, EI-mass, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Essential oil extracts were analysed by GC/MS leading to the identification of 60 components. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons accounted for the major make up of the oil. Microbiological screenings of the oil and successive plant fractions were performed, showing promising activity against a number of microorganisms with Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) comparable to the standard antibiotics such as chloramphenicol and kanamycin. The plant ethanol extract (400 mg/kg) and the isolated coumarins (60 mg/kg) showed anticoagulant activity. Analyses to determine the activity of the extracts on liver and kidney function were performed, revealing no negative or detrimental effects.     

Three new triterpenes from Nerium oleander and biological activity of the isolated compounds

New ursane-type triterpene 1, oleanane-type triterpene 2, and dammarane-type triterpene 15 were isolated from the leaves of Nerium oleander together with 12 known triterpenes, 3beta-hydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (ursolic acid, 3), 3beta,27-dihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (4), 3beta,13beta-dihydroxyurs-11-en-28-oic acid (5), 3beta-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-aldehyde (6), 28-norurs-12-en-3beta-ol (7), urs-12-en-3beta-ol (8), urs-12-ene-3beta,28-diol (9), 3beta-hydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (oleanolic acid, 10), 3beta,27-dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (11), 3beta-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid (betulinic acid, 12), 20(29)-lupene-3beta,28-diol (betulin, 13), and (20S,24R)-epoxydammarane-3beta,25-diol (14). On the basis of their spectroscopic data, the structures of the new compounds 1, 2, and 15 were established as 3beta,20alpha-dihydroxyurs-21-en-28-oic acid, 3beta,12alpha-dihydroxyoleanan-28,13beta-olide, and (20S,24S)-epoxydammarane-3beta,25-diol, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of the seven isolated compounds and methyl esters of ursolic acid and oleanoic acid in vitro was examined on the basis of inhibitory activity against the induction of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The anticancer activity of the 14 isolated compounds, including 1, 2, 15, and methyl esters of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in vitro was examined on the basis of the cell growth inhibitory activities toward three kinds of human cell lines.     

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of rottlerin-type compounds from Hypericum drummondii

Hexane extracts of Hypericum drummondii showed significant activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and the acid-fast bacterium Mycobacterium smegmatis in an agar well diffusion assay. Employing bioassay-directed fractionation procedures, four new rottlerin-type compounds (drummondins A, B, C[1-3], and F [4]) were isolated and identified by spectral and physical characterization. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds was comparable to or greater than that demonstrated by streptomycin and generally correlated with cytotoxic activity determined with cultured P-388, KB, or human cancer cell lines (breast, colon, lung, melanoma). No cell-type selectivity was observed. In addition, two known compounds, albaspidins A-A [5] and P-P [6], were isolated and structured characterized. Neither demonstrated appreciable antimicrobial or cytotoxic activity.     

贯叶连翘挥发性成分分析

目的：测定贯叶连翘叶挥发油成分。方法：用连续蒸馏萃取挥发油提取仪提取（水蒸汽蒸馏,乙酸乙酯萃取）,然后采用ＧＣ－ＭＳ分析,结合计算机检索技术对其挥发油化学成分进行分离鉴定,应用色谱峰面积归一法测定各成分的相对百分含量。结果：分离、鉴定了５４种成分,占挥发油总量的９２．３２％。结论：化学成分多为倍半萜类物质,与国外报道贯叶连翘叶挥发油的成分相差很大。     

Synergistic effect of three benzopyrans isolated from Hypericum polyanthemum in U‐373 MG glioblastoma cell line

The antiproliferative activity of three benzopyrans isolated from the chloroform extract of the aerial parts of Hypericum polyanthemum was analysed in order to determine their effect on the growth and cell cycle in the U‐373 MG glioblastoma cell line. Compound 1 was less cytotoxic than compounds 2 and 3. A synergistic effect was noticed when the three benzopyrans were used simultaneously. The cytotoxicity noted could be related to an arrest in G2/M phase, leading to apoptosis in the U‐373 MG glioblastoma cell line. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

NF-kappaB inhibitory activity of compounds isolated from Cantharellus cibarius

The inhibitory activities of the extracts of Cantharellus cibarius and isolated compounds were investigated in an enzyme-based ELISA NF-kappaB assay. Of the tested compounds, ergosterol, ergosterol peroxide and cerevisterol were noted to have the most potent inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. The ability of the active metabolites to inhibit the NF-kappaB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus was assessed using a cell-based NF-kappaB assay. The isolated compounds were elucidated through the analysis of various spectroscopic methods.     

长柱金丝桃生长发育及人工繁殖技术研究

目的:了解长柱金丝桃形态变化、生长状况及人工繁殖技术。方法:利用现场观察记录形态的变化,测量长柱金丝桃的株高和直径,利用SPSS软件建立生长的数学模型;在人工栽培地进行有性和无性繁殖。结果:长柱金丝桃于每年4月末萌发,5月末出现分枝、6月末开花,8月初为盛果期,10月初种子成熟。株高、叶和分枝变化的Verhaulst模型分别为:H=127.109/1+23.7441×e-0.062t、L=23.343/+11.303×e-0.062t、B=22.037/1+73.068×e-0.068t。无性繁殖中整株移植成活率为100%,分株成活率为67.2%;有性繁殖中种子发芽率为15.2%,移苗成活率在36%。结论:长柱金丝桃生长发育期为4~10月,可以进行人工繁殖。     

田基黄及其制剂的研究进展

综述了田基黄及其制剂的研究进展,包括成分、药理、制剂等研究情况。结果发现目前对田基黄的活性成分与药理作用的研究还不够完善,临床应用的田基黄制剂品种较少,需进一步深入地研究,以合理地开发利用该植物资源。     

Antitumor activity of Hypericum hookerianum against DLA induced tumor in mice and its possible mechanism of action

A large number of plants belonging to the genus Hypericum and their phytoconstituents are known to possess potent anticancer nature. Earlier studies from our laboratories indicated a strong cytotoxic nature of the methanol extract of Hypericum hookerianum stem (MEHH). In the present study, the in vivo antitumor activity of MEHH against the Dalton's lymphoma ascitic (DLA) model was determined at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight given orally for 10 days. The results indicate that administration of the extract not only increased the survival of animals with ascites tumor, decreased the body weight induced by the tumor burden and reduced the packed cell volume and viable tissue cell count, but also altered many hematological parameters changed during tumor progression indicating the potent antitumor nature of the extract. Hematological and biochemical analysis were carried out to prove the anticancer and antioxidant nature of the extract.