结肠镜对家族性腺瘤性息肉病家系成员筛选的意义

目的:探讨结肠镜对家族性腺瘤性息肉病家系成员筛选的价值.方法:回顾我科1985～2002年通过结肠镜对23个家族性腺瘤性息肉病患者家系共38例亲属进行筛选,观察息肉的量、形态、分布以及病理等特征,分析结肠镜对家系亲属筛选的作用.结果:38例对象中发现有16例大肠内有息肉生长,筛选阳性率达42.1%;1例腺瘤呈重度不典型增生,占6.3%;左半结肠、直肠内息肉分布密集.结论:结肠镜是家族性腺瘤性息肉病家系成员筛选安全、可靠的方法.     

Pancreatitis and duodenal obstruction due to periampullary carcinoma associated with familial polyposis coli.

Duodenal lesions are being reported in cases with familial polyposis of the colon. A case is described presenting with duodenal obstruction and pancreatitis complicating a peri-ampullary carcinoma in a patient with familial polyposis (adenomatosis of the colon and rectum). Upper gastrointestinal lesions notably in the duodenum include duodenal polyps and carcinoma and peri-ampullary malignancy. It is suggested that endoscopy and hypotonic duodenography be considered in patients with adenomatosis of the colon and rectum presenting with non-colonic alimentary symptoms.     

安庆地区放射工作人员淋巴细胞遗传学分析

目的　对安庆地区放射工作人员淋巴细胞遗传学进行分析。方法　采用染色体畸变分析和淋巴细胞微核检测两种方法进行分析。结果　调查结果经统计学处理后与对照组相比较 ,放射组的染色体畸变和淋巴细胞微核率上均高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,其中无着丝粒断片是放射组染色体畸变中最主要的改变 (P <0 0 1)。同时 ,无着丝粒断片与淋巴细胞微核之间并未表现出良好的相关性 ,而淋巴细胞微核率在工龄组之间具有一定的差异。结论　小剂量的慢性照射可造成一定的染色体损伤效应 ,工作在第一线的职业放射性工作人员应注意个人的辐射防护。     

家族性腺瘤性息肉病癌变危险因素分析

目的 探讨家族性腺瘤性息肉病(FAP)相关性结直肠癌及其癌变危险因素,为监测预防FAP癌变提供依据。方法 收集我院确诊的65例FAP患者,根据患者是否发生癌变,分为FAP癌变组(35例)与未癌变组(30例),统计分析FAP相关性结直肠癌发生的危险因素。结果 在65例FAP患者中,35例患者经病理确诊发生癌变,癌变率为53.85%。发病年龄、腺瘤数量、腺瘤大小及腺瘤组织学类型是影响FAP癌变的相关因素(P<0.05),且和癌变呈显著正相关。结论 FAP癌变倾向极高,发病年龄、腺瘤数量、腺瘤大小及腺瘤组织学类型是影响FAP癌变的相关因素,与癌变呈正相关。     

A study of two families with multiple autoimmune disease

Irish Journal of Medical Science (1968-1970) - Two families with clinical and serological evidence of multiple autoimmune disease are discribed. Three of the four probands developed pernicious...     

The surgical management of familial adenomatous polyposis in Northern Ireland.

Sixty-eight patients from 18 families have been identified as having familial adenomatous polyposis during the past 30 years in Northern Ireland (population 1.5 million). Six of the 18 probands (33%) had developed colonic carcinoma when first seen at mean age 34 years. Ten of the 44 patients identified by surgical screening (21%) at a significantly lower mean age of 23 years had colonic carcinoma. Surgical management has generally been by subtotal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis, or by panproctocolectomy and ileostomy.     

Impact of a hospital-based register on the management of familial adenomatous polyposis

Colorectal cancer in familial adenomatous polyposis is a preventable disease in at-risk relatives of patients with primary cases. Until the recent establishment of a register in Western Australia, there has been no registration of pedigrees or central organization of surveillance in Australia. In the present study, the experience of 20 such families who were associated with The Royal Melbourne Hospital was documented, with an analysis of the reasons for any failure of management. The impact of a hospital-based register on the management of the disease was studied. In each family, results were categorized according to whether "at-risk" relatives had been diagnosed at surveillance examinations, and whether the Hospital register were involved. Before involvement with the register, 24 family members presented with symptomatic polyposis after the first affected case had been diagnosed. Eighteen of these had colorectal cancer at diagnosis, and 16 subjects now are dead. Identifiable reasons for the failure of surveillance were family communication failure (two cases), family denial (two cases), failure of the hospital clinic (two cases) and a failure to cover extended branches of families who were living locally (nine cases), interstate (four cases) or overseas (three cases). In contrast, only two (6%) of 33 affected cases that were identified at a planned surveillance endoscopy had colorectal cancer at diagnosis. Without the active surveillance of at-risk family members, lethal delays in diagnosis are likely to occur. Most reasons for failure potentially are correctable by a dedicated registry that is responsible for notifying clinicians and patients about the timing of surveillance procedures.     

医疗放射人员外周血淋巴细胞多微核畸变检测分析

目的探索医疗人员所受辐射线与外周血淋巴细胞体外试验中多微核淋巴细胞的关系。方法对549名医疗从放人员及525名医疗非从放人员的外周血多微核淋巴细胞进行不同性别组、不同岗位组、不同工龄组的均值差异统计分析,同时比较多微核淋巴细胞数目与微核细胞之间的相关性。结果医疗从放组人员多微核淋巴细胞均值为(0.30±0.63),医疗非从放组为(0.04±0.24),二者差异有统计学意义(t=8.983,P<0.05)。医疗从放人员介入治疗组多微核淋巴细胞均值高于其他岗位组(F=9.901,P<0.05),其他各组别之间多微核淋巴细胞均值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。医疗非从放组人员不同性别、工龄之间多微核淋巴细胞数差异无统计学意义(F=1.340、0.068,P>0.05)。医疗从放人员多微核淋巴细胞数与微核数相关性显著(r=0.258,P<0.05)。结论多微核淋巴细胞主要存在介入治疗人员组,可作为特殊工种人群辐射危害的辅助检测指标。     

Familial multiple myeloma. A review of thirty-seven families.

The review of the pertinent literature disclosed 36 reports of familial multiple myeloma, described mostly in siblings, to which the authors add one more family. These patients did not differ significantly from those with non-familial myeloma with regard to sex, age, distribution of monoclonal proteins, clinical and laboratory data, and the course and prognosis of the disease. An increased incidence of immunoglobulin abnormalities was observed in healthy relatives of patients affected with familial myeloma. In most cases the time interval of the diagnosis of myeloma in a family member of a known patient was under 4 years. These observations, in conjunction with reports of myeloma occurring in clusters in a community and the appearance of myeloma in spouses raise the possibility of an environmental factor (virus?) which may contribute to the pathogenesis of myeloma in genetically predisposed individuals. Multiple myeloma should be added to the list of neoplastic diseases in which the family history is relevant and in which genetic and possibly environmental factors may be pathogenetically involved.     

Glatiramer acetate诱导多发性硬化症患者周围淋巴细胞包括Bcl-2、Bax和Cyt-c在内的促凋亡机制

多发性硬化症（MS）患者存在通过凋亡清除自身反应性T细胞功能的缺陷，Glatiramer acetate（GA）治疗似乎能恢复有害T细胞的凋亡。对复发-缓解型（RR）MS患者接受GA治疗期间外周淋巴细胞中线粒体膜促凋亡蛋白（Bax）、抗凋亡蛋白（Bcl-2）和细胞浆促凋亡蛋白（Cyt-c和APAF-1）的表达情况进行分析。收集8例健康对照者（HCs）的血液标本，并收集8例RRMS患者治疗前和9个月GA治疗过程中每3个月的血液标本。采用蛋白印记法以及光密度扫描对周围血单核细胞（PBMNCs）中的Bcl-2、Bax、Cyt-c和APAF-1含量进行定量分析，并计算Bax／Bcl-2、胞浆Cyt—c／Bcl-2和APAF-1／Bcl-2的比值，通过对T细胞进行体外呼吸测量分析来测定其氧耗量。未治疗MS患者的Bax／Bcl-2、胞浆Cyt-c／Bcl-2和APAF-1／Bcl-2的比值显著低于HCs（P〈0．05），MS患者接受GA治疗的9个月过程中Bax／Bcl-2增加（P=0．03），Cyt-c／Bcl-2也呈增加趋势。GA治疗后较治疗前或GA治疗患者的细胞较HCs细胞中的PBMNCs体外氧耗量分别显著减少58％和59％。本结果提示GA通过包含线粒体和细胞浆蛋白的促凋亡机制发挥其对周围T淋巴细胞的调节作用。     

外周血T淋巴细胞的培养、纯化及鉴定

目的:建立外周血T淋巴细胞初步纯化方法。方法:取健康人外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs),在低剂量IL2维持下,利用细胞培养淘汰法筛选纯化T淋巴细胞,用流式细胞术检测淋巴细胞培养过程中细胞表面标志的改变。结果:用流式细胞术检测发现:B淋巴细胞于第1周时基本死亡,第3周时完全消失;NK细胞于第1周时明显增加,第4周时大部分死亡;第4周时,所培养的细胞绝大多数为T淋巴细胞。T淋巴细胞亚群的整体变化趋势为:随着培养时间的延长,CD4 百分数稍增加,CD8 百分数明显增加,CD4 /CD8 比值明显降低,CD3 CD16 CD56 百分数明显增加。结论:在IL2维持下,人PBMCs培养4周时,收获培养细胞为初步纯化的T淋巴细胞。     

石见穿中两个酸性多糖的化学研究

目的　研究石见穿 Salvia chinensis全草中的多糖组份。方法　采用 DEAE-纤维素柱色谱和凝胶渗透色谱进行分离纯化 ,化学和光谱方法分析其结构特征。结果　分别从石见穿水提取物和稀碱提取物中分得 2个均一多糖组份 SC5和 SC6 ,其相对分子质量分别为 4 .8× 10 4和 >1.0× 10 6 ,二者均为结构复杂的酸性多糖组份。结论　SC5和 SC6都是首次从该植物分得的酸性杂多糖。