发生于舌根的甲状腺舌管囊肿(附4例报告)

目的探讨发生于舌根的甲状腺舌管囊肿的临床表现、诊断和治疗方法.方法回顾分析发生于舌根的甲状腺舌管囊肿4例的临床资料.3例行颈外径路Sistrunks术式,1例于支撑喉镜下行口内切除囊肿,因复发反复手术4次.结果咽部异物不适感是发生于舌根的甲状舌管囊肿的主要临床表现;B超检查是主要检查方法.3例采用颈外径路Sistrunks术式切除甲状舌管囊肿,术后无复发,1例采用支撑喉镜下切除囊肿,因复发反复手术4次.结论发生于舌根的甲状舌管囊肿应常规行间接喉镜检查,治疗首选手术,采用颈外径路Sistrunks术式.     

颈外径路Sistrunk手术治疗成人复发性舌甲状舌管囊肿的临床分析

目的 探讨成人复发性舌甲状舌管囊肿（LTGDC）的临床特点、误诊原因及手术治疗。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月—2021年3月收治的6例反复复发的成年LTGDC患者,术前行甲状腺B超提示甲状腺位置并排除异位甲状腺,颈部CT检查明确肿物大小、部位及与舌骨的关系,喉咽部MRI明确肿物性质。手术均采用颈外径路Sistrunk手术。结果 6例患者曾误诊为会厌囊肿4例,舌根囊肿2例,均已行囊肿切除术,复发时间3周至1年。所有患者行颈外径路Sistrunk手术完整切除甲状舌管囊肿及瘘管,术后病理确诊为甲状舌管囊肿。术后随访1年以上无复发。结论 复发性舌根部或会厌间隙的囊性肿物应考虑LTGDC的可能性。所有患者术前均应行喉镜检查和颈部影像学检查以了解囊肿的形态、位置及其和舌骨的关系来选择手术方式。对于成人复发性LTGDC,Sistrunk手术可彻底切除囊肿减少复发。     

舌根部甲状舌管囊肿的诊断与治疗经验北大核心CSCD

目的探讨舌根部甲状舌管囊肿的影像学检查、临床表现、手术方式、并发症及术后疗效。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年10月经郑州大学第一附属医院收治,通过手术确认的30例舌根部甲状舌管囊肿患者的临床资料。结果30例舌根部甲状舌管囊肿患者首次手术均为支撑喉镜下低温等离子切除术,共随访7.5~45.0(25.4)个月,25例未复发,2例失访,2例复发1次,1例复发2次,复发率为10.7%(3/28)。2例复发1次的患者,末次手术均行支撑喉镜下低温等离子切除术,1例复发2次患者末次手术行Sistrunk手术;3例复发患者均术后随访1年未见复发。28例患者术后均无咽瘘、声嘶。结论舌根部甲状舌管囊肿,尤其是首发患者且年龄较小,可首选支撑喉镜下低温等离子切除术,复发的舌根部甲状舌管囊肿可再次行支撑喉镜下低温等离子切除术,多次复发患者可考虑Sistrunk手术。     

成人甲状舌管囊肿误诊为会厌囊肿1例

甲状舌管囊肿为先天性甲状舌管闭合不全引起的疾病,多在青少年期发病。甲状舌管囊肿可发生在舌盲孔至胸骨上切迹之间颈中线的任何部位。检查时多见颈部皮下呈半圆形隆起,边缘清楚,随吞咽上下活动。甲状舌管囊肿若向会厌前间隙方向增大,而不伴有颈前部肿块患者常被误诊为会厌囊肿、舌根淋巴组织增生。齐岩等报道1例患者因被诊断为会厌囊肿而反复行支撑喉镜下囊肿切除手术,均于术后不久复发。笔者接诊1例成人甲状舌管囊肿患者,临床误诊为会厌囊肿,报道如下。     

甲状舌管囊肿术后复发的原因和处理

目的探讨甲状舌管囊肿术后复发的原因和预防、处理措施。方法回顾性分析10例甲状舌管囊肿术后复发患者的资料。10例复发甲状舌管囊肿行Sistrunk术式再次手术切除。结果误诊和不当的手术方法是复发的主要原因。10例患者再次手术后,随访1年以上,疗效满意,未见有复发病例。结论正确的术前诊断,规范的Sistrunk术式和良好的手术技巧才能保障彻底地切除甲状舌管囊肿。     

发生于舌根的甲状腺舌管囊肿1例并临床分析

目的 探讨先天性甲状舌管囊肿的病因、临床表现、诊断及治疗方法,以提高对其的诊治水平。方法 回顾性分析1例先天性甲状舌管患者的临床资料。结果 术后随访3月,随访期间无复发。结论 术前明确囊肿的位置和走行是先天性甲状舌管囊肿诊断的重要依据,经典的Sistrunk术式是其治疗的有效方法。     

甲状舌管囊肿和瘘管术后复发的手术治疗

目的 探讨甲状舌管囊肿和瘘管术后复发再次手术的策略.方法 对2000-2006年收治的16例甲状舌管囊肿和瘘管术后复发患者进行回顾性分析.男10例,女6例.复发时间为术后6个月至4年,复发时年龄为12～35岁.对术中发现前次手术未切除舌骨中段者(10例),行常规Sistrunk术式手术切除;对前次手术切除舌骨中段者(6例),行扩大切除反复感染致与周围粘连组织,即扩大Sistrunk术式.结果 16例复发患者再次手术后,疗效满意.术后并发咽瘘和颈前血肿各1例,治疗后痊愈.随诊1～6年未见囊肿或瘘管复发.结论 合理应用常规Sistrunk术式与扩大Sistrunk术式是治疗甲状舌管囊肿复发病例的理想方法.     

甲状舌管乳头状癌的诊治(附2例报告)

目的通过对2例甲状舌管乳头状癌的处理和结果的回顾,探讨甲状舌管癌的诊治方法。方法回顾分析了2例甲状舌管乳头状癌患者的临床诊治过程,并结合文献对甲状舌管癌病理、临床表现、诊断、治疗及预后等进行讨论。结果甲状舌管癌术前多误诊为甲状舌管囊肿,多通过术后病理报告确诊。1例患者行西斯特伦克(Sistrunk)手术+甲状腺全切除术+Ⅵ区清扫术,随访至今近4年,未复发。另1例患者行西斯特伦克(Sistrunk)手术+甲状腺次切除术+Ⅵ区清扫术,随访近1年,未复发。结论切除的标本应行常规病理检查,以防漏诊,甲状腺无明显肿块者,可不必行甲状腺全切术。甲状舌管乳头状癌预后良好,但需对患者作定期随访。     

甲状舌管癌1例并文献复习

目的〓〖HTK〗探讨甲状舌管癌的诊断及治疗方法。〖HTW〗方法〓〖HTK〗回顾性分析1例甲状舌管癌患者病历资料,结合复习相关文献,对甲状舌管癌的起源、诊断及治疗方法进行讨论。〖HTW〗结果〓〖HTK〗甲状舌管癌多为乳头状癌,颈部CT有多囊结构、囊壁实性结节或钙化表现。〖HTW〗结论〓〖HTK〗甲状舌管癌临床罕见,囊肿迅速长大、颈部CT表现和细针穿刺是术前诊断的重要依据,Sistrunk术式是有效的原发灶切除方法。     

甲状舌管癌的临床诊治并文献复习（附2例报告）

目的通过对甲状舌管癌患者的诊断和治疗,并复习相关文献,总结该病的临床特征和准确制定合理的治疗方案。方法报道2例甲状舌管癌患者的诊治过程,影像学特点及治疗方法。结果2例患者术前均被误诊为甲状舌管囊肿,常规行Sistrunk手术,术后病检1例为甲状舌管乳头状癌,另1例为甲状腺乳头状癌,结合术中所见最后诊断为甲状腺舌管乳头状癌,2例术后复查甲状腺功能均正常,复查甲状腺超声未见明显恶性肿瘤特征,均未行甲状腺手术治疗,1例未做任何其他补充治疗,随访8年无局部复发和转移,另1例行甲状腺素抑制治疗随访1年无复发。结论甲状腺舌管癌临床罕见,术前易误诊为甲状舌管囊肿,术前超声及增强CT有助于诊断,需病理确诊,手术方案的制定需综合考虑,病理分型决定其预后。     

Management of thyroglossal tract disease after failed Sistrunk's procedure

Sistrunk's procedure for thyroglossal duct remnants has a very high success rate, there remains the occasional patient, however, that will have recurrent disease despite a competently performed operation. Applied anatomy and embryology proffer a solution to this problem. Extending the Sistrunk operation, with an anterior wide local excision remaining within normal tissue, enables removal of the entire thyroglossal tract remnant. A retrospective case note review was conducted to study our experience using this extended procedure to treat patients with thyroglossal tract disease that had recurred after a previous Sistrunk's operation. Six patients aged from five to 33 years were included in the study. There was one recurrence and the complication rate was comparable to the standard operation. It was concluded that a wide local excision is a valuable extension of the Sistrunk operation for the management of recurrent disease.     

低温等离子射频消融术治疗新生儿先天性舌根囊肿的临床疗效

目的　探讨新生儿先天性舌根囊肿低温等离子射频消融术的临床疗效。方法　回顾性分析本院2014年7月～2017年1月,7例行全麻低温等离子舌根囊肿射频消融术后患儿病历资料,术后予阶段性密切随访,并均行电子鼻咽喉镜检查。结果　7例患儿均顺利完成手术,完整切除舌根囊肿,术后未行气管切开等有创操作。随访3个月～2年,仅1例在术后半年内复发。结论　低温等离子具有术中出血少,损伤小等优点,用于治疗新生儿先天性舌根囊肿安全有效。电子鼻咽喉镜作为一种无创、便捷、准确的检查手段,可以应用于新生儿上呼吸道梗阻疾病的诊断与鉴别及喉部手术的随访。     

Carcinoma arising in thyroglossal remnants

Three patients with a papillary carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst are presented and the literature is reviewed. This rare malignancy is seen mostly in women between the ages of 20 and 50 years. The distribution of carcinoma subtypes differs from that of thyroid carcinomas and thyroglossal duct carcinoma is recognized as a primary tumour. The diagnosis is seldom made pre-operatively though especially in older patients with midline swellings in the neck the diagnosis should be considered. Sistrunk's operation is the treatment of choice. In this operation the cyst, the middle part of the hyoid bone and the thyroglossal duct are removed in continuity.     

颈部异位甲状腺临床分析

目的探讨颈部异位甲状腺的诊治方法,提高对颈部异位甲状腺的认识,避免误诊、误治。方法收集我院1999～2007年10例颈部异位甲状腺住院患者的临床资料,其中5例表现为舌根包块(迷走甲状腺),3例为甲状舌管囊肿(2例副甲状腺,1例迷走甲状腺),1例会厌巨大囊肿(迷走甲状腺),1例为咽旁肿块(副甲状腺)。10例患者7例经颈部彩超检查初步诊断为异位甲状腺,其中4例未探及正常的甲状腺(迷走甲状腺),3例探及正常的甲状腺(副甲状腺);3例行核素扫描初步诊断为异位甲状腺,提示核素在包块处显影,正常甲状腺部位不显影(迷走甲状腺)。结果10例患者均行手术治疗,5例全切(3例为副甲状腺,1例癌变的迷走甲状腺,1例误诊为会厌巨大囊肿的迷走甲状腺),4例次全切(迷走甲状腺),1例在行甲状舌管囊肿手术中冰冻切片证实为迷走甲状腺未作切除。随访6～12个月,除1例甲状腺癌患者和1例全切患者需终生服甲状腺素外均恢复正常,无复发。结论对颈部肿块仔细的术前检查,包括超声、CT和~(131)I扫描以及细针穿刺活检对异位甲状腺确诊至关重要,正确处理异位甲状腺,避免给患者造成严重后果。     

A 16-year experience in treating thyroglossal duct cysts with a “conservative” Sistrunk approach

Although Sistrunk operation is the standard method to treat thyroglossal duct cyst, the reported recurrence rates after a “classic” or “modified” Sistrunk procedure still varied from 0 to 15.8 %, indicating the existence of some technical uncertainties. While simple cystectomy has been recognized as the most important prognostic factor predicting thyroglossal duct cyst recurrence, whether other clinico-pathological parameters also affect disease recurrence has not been well studied. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients who underwent thyroglossal duct cyst surgery between June 1998 and June 2014 at our institution. Among the 180 primary patients, 160 patients received a “conservative” Sistrunk operation, while the remaining 20 patients received simple cystectomy only. Five patients (2.8 %, 5/180) had recurrence. Four of them received simple cystectomy while 1 had “conservative” Sistrunk operation. In univariable analysis, age (p = 0.02), history of previous infection (p = 0.004) and the type of resection (p = 0.001) were significantly correlated with disease recurrence. In multivariable analysis, the type of resection turned out to be the most important factor (p = 0.03) related to recurrence. In the most parsimonious model selected by backward elimination, both history of infection (p = 0.048) and the type of resection (p = 0.02) were important predictors of postoperative recurrence. Our results demonstrated that a “conservative” Sistrunk approach could provide a comparably low recurrence rate (0.6 %, 1/160) in dealing with primary thyroglossal dust cysts. Routine dissection of suprahyoid tissue may not be imperative. Overall, the type of resection and history of infection are the most important predictors of recurrence for thyroglossal duct cyst.     

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroglossal duct cyst in childhood

Thyroglossal duct carcinoma is a rare malignancy that is usually diagnosed postoperatively. Approximately 150 cases have been reported in the literature. Eighty-five percent of these were papillary carcinomas. Controversies exist concerning its nature and treatment. In this report, we present an 11-year-old boy with an anterior cervical cystic mass originating in the thyroglossal duct. After a primary Sistrunk procedure, the cyst and tract extending to the foramen caecum at the base of the tongue in continuity with the midportion of the hyoid bone were resected. Histopathologic study demonstrated a papillary carcinoma. After 4 months of follow-up, the patient is asymptomatic without any evidence of recurrence. The clinical and histopathological features and therapeutic options are discussed.     

Thyroglossal duct carcinoma: A rational approach to management

Objective: To discuss the authors' experience with thyroglossal duct carcinoma and present a rational approach to the management of this entity. Study Design and Methods: A retrospective review of the cytopathology and pathology records of all patients with the diagnosis of a thyroglossal duct remnant from 1965 to 1997 was performed. Results: Three cases of papillary thyroglossal duct carcinoma were identified, with one suspected squamous cell carcinoma by needle aspiration. The papillary carcinomas are discussed in detail to illustrate the difficulty encountered in managing the thyroid gland in the setting of a thyroglossal duct carcinoma. Fine-needle aspiration proved effective in making the diagnosis preoperatively. Conclusions: The authors recommend that a thyroglossal duct cyst with a microscopic focus of papillary carcinoma, without cyst wall invasion, be managed with a Sistrunk procedure. Treatment of all other thyroglossal duct papillary carcinomas should include removal of all thyroid tissue followed by radioactive iodine treatment.