What is the role of the prevention of allergy in the first period of life?

The widespread increase in the prevalence of allergic disease, which has occurred over the last 20 y, has created general concern in Europe and in the rest of the world. The reason for this increase is still partially unknown. In this period, despite a greater understanding of the pathogenesis and risk factors of allergies plus the greater efficacy of drugs to control the symptoms, the cost of intervention and the socio-economic impact are still very high. For these reasons, prevention in the first period of life represents a goal for both developed and developing countries in order to reduce this upward trend.     

Does the length of the history influence the outcome of pneumatic reduction of intussusception in children?

Purpose  

Intussusception is the most common cause of acute abdomen in infants and preschool children. Nonoperative reduction using air enema is an established treatment in children with intussusception. The aim of this study was to determine whether length of the history influences the outcome of pneumatic reduction of intussusception in children?     

In the footsteps of Frances Tustin: Further reflections on the construction of the body‐ego

The author cites material from infant observation and from work with children with autism which illustrates primitive processes of identification and their relation to the development of the body image. The sense of a skin which reliably contains the child's body is seen as being built up through the combination of eye contact with the mother, as a mediator of emotional containment, and tactile reinforcement of the child's sense of having a backbone. The author proposes the term ‘lateral object of primary identification’ to describe the baby's experience of his mother and himself each occupying half of his body. She describes the process by means of which the dual link with the mother — tactile and visual — is progressively inscribed in the major joints of the body, from the neck downwards, in the course of normal development. In this way, separation can be experienced as a loss of part of the body. The experience of losing part of the mouth, as described by Tustin, is discussed with reference to theories of containment (Bion) and projection (Green).     

Urogenital nonunion—the case for laparoscopy for the impalpable testis

A case of urogenital nonunion is presented to illustrate the importance of laparoscopy for the impalpable testis. A 4-year-old boy with an impalpable left testis underwent laparoscopy. This revealed not only the vas deferens entering the deep inguinal ring but also a small intraabdominal testis supplied by the testicular vessels. Exploration of the inguinal canal revealed the vas deferens terminating in a nubbin of tissue. Histology identified epididymal structures both adjacent to the testis and in the terminal nubbin of the vas deferens. This is an example of urogenital nonunion. Complete separation of the vas and testis with epididymal structures attached to each is very unusual, with only four other cases reported. Laparoscopy should be the initial procedure for impalpable testis. A blind-ending vas deferens found on exploration of the inguinal canal might be taken as evidence of the vanishing testis syndrome. However, this conclusion should not be drawn unless laparoscopy has demonstrated testicular vessels entering the internal inguinal ring.