局部腹膜切开在腹膜后腹腔镜手术治疗肾囊肿中的应用(附19例报告)

目的:探讨局部腹膜切开在腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术后防止囊肿复发的临床价值.方法:2007年1月至2009年1月为19例肾脏上极或腹侧部单纯囊肿患者行腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术,并在囊肿切除后行对应囊肿部位局部腹膜切开.结果:19例手术均获成功,患者术后无腹痛、腹胀等腹部不适症状,未影响肠蠕动.随访1年无囊肿复发及...     

经后腹腔腹腔镜与开放性肾囊肿去顶术疗效比较

目的：比较经后腹腔腹腔镜与开放性肾囊肿去顶术的疗效，并探讨经后腹腔腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术处理要点。方法：回顾性分析9例经后腹腔腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术和21例开放性肾囊肿去顶术患者的临床资料，比较两组手术时间、术中失血量和术后住院天数等指标。结果：两组手术时间比较，差异无显著性意义（P＞0.05)，但经后腹腔腹腔镜手术组术中失血量及术后住院时间均显著少于开放性手术组（P＜0.01)。结论：经后腹腔腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术具有创伤小，患者康复快、疼痛轻的优点，治疗单纯性肾囊肿的疗效明显优于开放性手术。     

经腹膜后途径二次肾区腹腔镜手术的探讨

目的探讨二次肾区经腹膜后腹腔镜手术治疗泌尿系疾病的可行性。方法 2006年1月～2012年1月我院对7例有同侧开放或腹腔镜经腹膜后途径手术史者经腹膜后途径行二次肾区腹腔镜手术,其中2例为肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤术后复发,2例为肾囊肿术后同侧复发,1例为开放肾盂输尿管连接部成形术后继发肾积水导致无功能肾,1例为后腹腔镜肾上腺肿物切除术后同侧肾萎缩无功能,1例为肾癌肾部分切除术后复发。2次手术间隔2.5～8.3年,平均3.5年。第2次手术均取经腹膜后入路,直视下经第12肋下2 cm与骶棘肌外侧交界处进入后腹腔建立气腹,在腋中线髂嵴上2 cm处做第2穿刺点,腋前线肋缘下为第3穿刺点,先从解剖清晰、粘连轻处按解剖层次,逐步暴露手术部位完成手术。结果手术均获成功,手术时间75～213 min,平均131 min;术中出血量50～400 ml,平均156 ml。2例腹膜损伤,无腹腔内脏器损伤,术后第3天胃肠道恢复,逐渐进食。术后住院4～12 d,平均9 d。6例随访4～38个月,平均18个月,患者恢复良好,肾囊肿及肿瘤未见复发。结论在熟练掌握后腹腔镜技术的前提下,再次后腹腔镜下肾区手术是可行的。     

后腹腔镜下IUPU法建立腹膜后腔的简单性、安全性及实用性——1114例应用经验

目的 介绍自创建立腹膜后腔的IUPU法(Institute of Urology,Peking University的首字母缩写),并探讨其简单性、安全性及实用性. 方法 1996年2月至2006年3月应用IUPU法建立腹膜后腔并实施后腹腔镜下手术1114例.首先于髂嵴上缘2 cm近腋前线处切1 cm小切口,穿刺气腹针入腹膜后腔,注气压力至14 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)后引入第1个套管针,引入腹腔镜后以镜身直接做左右往复运动扩张建立腹膜后腔隙.监视下行第2及第3套管针穿刺,进入已建立的腹膜后腔,并引入操作器械以进一步游离扩大腹膜后间隙.1114例手术包括单纯肾切除术54例、根治性肾切除术188例、肾输尿管全长切除术154例、肾上腺切除术344例、肾囊肿去顶术302例、肾部分切除术35例、UPJ成形术37例. 结果 IUPU法建立腹膜后腔时间4.5～14.5(5.4±2.8)min.8例(0.72%)因第1个套管针穿刺致出血改为开放手术,32例(2.87%)第1套管针穿刺进入腹腔,但通过直视下调整腹腔镜进入腹膜后腔仍可建立足够大小的腹膜后间隙,手术顺利完成.无其他脏器损伤. 结论 IUPU法建立腹膜后腔简单、安全、实用,无须特殊器械,熟练掌握后仅需5 min左右,是一种值得在后腹腔镜下操作中常规应用的建立腹膜后间隙的方法.     

腹腔镜与开放性肾囊肿去顶术的比较（附30例报告）

目的：比较开放性与腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的优越性,并探讨经腹腔与后腹腔腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术的适应证及疗效。方法：采用经腹腔及后腹腔腹腔镜行肾囊肿去枯术30例,其中经腹腔路径9例,用膜后路径21例,并回顾性分析比较31例开放性肾囊肿去枯术,结果：腹腔镜手术用时25－110min,平均46min,其中经腹腔路矩平均40min,腹后路径平均需时50min,术后恢复快,无一例发生并发症,对比开放手术,腹腔镜手术的手术时间,术后并发症以及术后住院天数均明显减少,结论：腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗单纯性肾囊肿的疗效明显优于传统开放性手术,值得推广。     

Retroperitoneal malignant cyst. Case report.

Forty years after removal of a benign mucinous cyst from the left retroperitoneal space, a malignant cyst with both sarcomatous and carcinomatous components was removed from the same site in a 75-year-old woman. Within 6 months the lesion recurred as a carcinoma penetrating the left colon and the abdominal wall.     

腹膜后腹腔镜治疗复杂性肾囊肿21例报告

目的:评价腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术治疗复杂性肾囊肿的疗效.方法:回顾分析2009年1月至2010年8月为21例复杂性肾囊肿患者施行腹膜后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术的临床资料.结果:本组20例患者顺利完成腹膜后腹腔镜去顶减压术,手术时间30~120min,平均50min;术中出血10~100ml,平均30ml;术后住院3...     

Cystic local recurrence of renal cell carcinoma after laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in a hemodialysis patient

Although local recurrence of renal cell carcinoma after laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is sometimes reported, cystic local recurrence of renal cell carcinoma has rarely been reported. We report the case of a 59‐year‐old man with hemodialysis who developed cystic local recurrence of renal cell carcinoma accompanied by acquired cystic disease of the kidney in the retroperitoneal space after laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. A cystic tumor of 5.1 cm in diameter occurred in the left retroperitoneal space 15 months after left laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and enlarged to 7.2 cm in diameter with enhanced mass along the wall of the cyst 36 months after surgery. The cystic tumor was removed and showed local recurrence of renal cell carcinoma on pathological examination.     

腹腔镜治疗肾囊肿16例

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术治疗单纯性肾囊肿疗效。方法 采用经腹腔和经腹膜后腹腔镜技术对16例单纯性肾囊肿行囊肿去顶术,并回顾分析比较20例开放性肾囊肿去顶术。结果 经腹腔途径手术时间与开放手术无显著性差异(P>0.05),经腹膜后途径手术时间显著长于开放手术(P<0.05),腹腔镜手术患者的术中失血量、术后并发症及术后住院时间均显著少于开放手术(P<0.01)。结论 腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术具有创伤小、术后并发症少及康复快等优点,治疗单纯性肾囊肿的疗效明显优于开放性手术。     

机器人辅助腹腔镜切除盆腔表皮样囊肿1例报告并文献复习

目的:结合文献探讨腹膜后表皮样囊肿的诊治方法,介绍机器人辅助腹腔镜切除盆腔腹膜后巨大肿瘤的手术经验。方法:为1例青年男性盆腔腹膜后巨大肿瘤患者行机器人辅助腹腔镜手术切除,并结合文献探讨腹膜后表皮样囊肿的诊治方法。结果:患者行机器人辅助腹腔镜下表皮样囊肿切除术,手术完整切除肿瘤,手术时间1.5 h、出血量约8 ml。术后病理诊断为表皮样囊肿。术后1周出院,随访8个月未见囊肿复发及转移。结论:腹膜后表皮样囊肿在临床症状上缺乏特异性,需要与脊索瘤、畸胎瘤等相鉴别;因有感染、恶变的倾向,治疗上应手术切除。机器人辅助腹腔镜手术治疗位于盆腔的腹膜后巨大肿瘤具有良好的适应性。     

Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst presenting as adrenal tumor in adult successfully treated with retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery

A bronchogenic cyst in the retroperitoneum is rare in adults. A 41-year-old woman presented with an incidental left retroperitoneal mass that was suspicious for an adrenal tumor. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic excision and complete resection were performed. The pathologic examination confirmed a bronchogenic cyst in the retroperitoneum. We present the case with review of the relevant published data.     

Retroperitoneal angiomyolipoma with rapidly progressing intracystic hemorrhage and lymph node involvement: a case report

We report a very rare case of retroperitoneal angiomyolipoma with rapidly progressing intracytic hemorrhage and lymph node involvement in a 34-year-old female. She was admitted to our hospital complaining of a severe pain in the lower abdominal region, followed by oligemic shock. Abdominal enhanced computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a retroperitoneal giant cyst with intracystic hematoma, which displaced the left kidney anteriorly. Because transarterial embolization was unsuccessful transabdominal left nephrectomy combined with excision of the giant cyst was performed to keep the continuing hemorrhage under control. Simultaneously, a swollen paraaortic lymph node was also resected. The histologic findings of resected tissue and lymph node were retroperitoneal angiomyolipoma with lymph node involvement. The patient is being followed up at our hospital without recurrence.     

A case of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst treated by laparoscopic surgery

We describe herein a rare case of a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery. A 39-year-old man with low-grade fever was referred to our hospital because of suspicion of an adrenal tumor. Abdominal computerized tomography (CT) and ultrasonography revealed a homogenous solid mass, 35 x 30 mm in diameter, in the left suprarenal region. Laboratory studies showed that the levels of adrenal hormones were normal except for the white blood cell count of 9,700/microL and C-reactive protein of 1.7 mg/dl. We diagnosed it as a non-functioning adrenocortical adenoma or an adrenal cyst. However, one year later he underwent laparoscopic surgery because the mass had gradually increased by 10 mm and the low-grade fever persisted. Pathological evaluation of the surgical specimens established the diagnosis of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst. The low-grade fever disappeared after the surgery.     

后腹腔镜和开放去顶减压术治疗多囊肾的疗效比较

目的：通过与传统开放肾囊肿去顶减压术治疗常染色体显性遗传性多囊肾病（ADPKD）的效果比较，评价后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术治疗ADPKD的临床价值。方法：回顾性分析后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术治疗ADPKD25例（A组）及开放肾囊肿去顶减压术29例（B组）的临床资料．就两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肠道功能恢复时间、术后止疼药用量、术后住院天数、并发症和临床疗效等指标进行比较，根据数据类型选用X^2检验、成组t检验或Mann—Whitey U检验。结果：A组在术中出血量、术后肠道功能恢复时间、术后止疼药用量、术后住院天数方面优于B组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；并发症和临床疗效等指标与B组相当，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术是治疗ADPKD微创、安全、有效的疗法。     

A case of retroperitoneal venous aneurysm]

A case of retroperitoneal venous aneurysm is reported. A 73-year-old woman was referred to us with the chief complaint of left abdominal mass. A giant abdominal mass was palpable and diagnostic imaging examination including ultrasound tomography, excretory pyelography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography revealed a giant cystic mass encircled by calcification in the left retroperitoneal space. Operation for this cystic mass was performed under the preoperative diagnosis of a giant left renal cyst. During operation the mass was located between the left kidney and the left adrenal gland. Because it was difficult to separate the mass from the left kidney the mass was removed with the left kidney. The extirpated tumor measured 15.5 x 15.0 x 9.5 cm and contained old blood clots and red-yellow colored fluid. A histological examination revealed that the tumor wall was composed of smooth muscle and elastic fibers. Therefore, pathological diagnosis was retroperitoneal venous aneurysm. Retroperitoneal venous aneurysm is very rare. To our knowledge, this is the 8th case of retroperitoneal venous aneurysm reported in Japan.     

Aspergillosis located on polycystic kidney treated with retroperitoneal nephrectomy

We reported an uncommon case of 40 years old man, cardiac transplant recipient with chronic renal faillure who consulted for infected left polycystic renal. The serum creatinine level was 750 mmol/L, and urine culture isolated a E. Ecol germe. The abdominopelvic computed tomography showed a bilateral large polycystic renal cortex and suspected the infected cyst in lower pole of left kidney. The retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed confirming a renal invasive aspergillosa. About this case we should have a high index of suspicion for fungal aetiology in kidney infection in transplant patients and the management of non functioning infected polycystic kidney can use laparoscopic retroperitoneal nephrectomy. This approach can offers a minimal morbidity and alternative to open surgery.     

Laparoscopic resection of giant mesenteric cyst

Benign cystic tumors are rare intra-abdominal lesions that may be retroperitoneal, mesenteric, or omental. Most of them cause nonspecific symptoms, but rarely, they cause serious complications such as volvulus, rupture, or bowel obstruction. The diagnosis of these tumors can be made by abdominal ultrasonography or CT. Their only treatment is surgical excision, which can be done by either laparotomy or laparoscopic surgery. In last decade, laparoscopic surgical approaches have replaced open procedures in many surgical abdominal diseases. In this paper, a patient with laparoscopically excised mesenteric cyst is presented along with a literature review.     

后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术(附38例报告)

目的探讨后腹腔镜技术在肾囊肿去顶术中的应用。方法回顾性分析38例后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术患者的临床资料,其中,右肾16例,左肾22例,肾上极12例,肾中部16例,肾下极10例。结果除1例因肾周严重粘连而改行开放手术,余37例均手术成功,手术时间45~120(平均65)min,手术出血量10~80(平均40)ml,术后住院时间3~12(平均6)天。结论后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术疗效确切,创伤小,是目前治疗单纯性肾囊肿的最佳选择。     

单孔后腹腔镜解剖性切除治疗肾上腺囊肿

目的探讨单孔后腹腔镜解剖性切除治疗肾上腺囊肿的临床应用与疗效。 方法2010年7月至2015年5月梅州市人民医院共收治肾上腺囊肿患者12例,采用自制单孔多通道套管后腹腔镜下三个层面解剖性切除肾上腺囊肿。年龄36～67岁,平均（47±8）,平均体质量指数（25.0±3.2）kg/m²。右侧5例,左侧7例。囊肿直径平均为（5.0±0.7）cm。 结果手术均顺利完成,4例行肾上腺囊肿切除,8例行肾上腺部分切除术,手术时间（64±14） min,失血量（30±8） ml,术后肠道功能恢复时间8～12 h,术后第1天疼痛评分（1.6±0.8）,术后住院天数2～5 d,术后无肠麻痹、感染、继发出血等并发症,无输血。术后病理诊断为肾上腺囊肿。随访7～15个月,无囊肿复发。 结论单孔后腹腔镜解剖性切除肾上腺囊肿是安全、有效的,具有创伤小,恢复快等优点。     

Renal hydatid cyst treatment: Retroperitoneoscopic “closed cyst” pericystectomy

Cystic hydatid disease is an endemic disease caused by the larval form of Echinococcus spp. Isolated renal involvement is extremely rare. The treatment methods for renal hydatid disease require some form of intervention, ranging from traditional open techniques to laparoscopic techniques. Herein, we present a large hydatid cyst in the lower pole of the left kidney in a 43‐year‐old male patient who was treated by the “closed cyst” method via the retroperitoneal laparoscopic approach to prevent soiling of the peritoneal cavity. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a renal hydatid cyst treated by preserving the renal parenchyma by pericystectomy via the retroperitoneoscopic laparoscopic approach in an adult patient. No complications occurred during the perioperative and postoperative periods. After 9 months of follow up, the patient was asymptomatic with no evidence of clinical recurrence. Retroperitoneoscopic laparoscopic closed cyst pericystectomy can be an alternative minimally invasive treatment technique for the treatment of renal hydatid disease.