缓冲液离子浓度对新型PNA-LSAW基因传感器杂交效应的影响

目的 探讨PBS缓冲液的离子浓度对构建的肽核酸(PNA)漏声表面波(LSAw)基因传感器杂交效应的影响.方法 将1.0μmol/L的PNA探针固定在LSAW基因传感器表面,分别加入10、20、50、100mmol/L的PBS缓冲液,观察不同离子浓度的PBS缓冲液对PNA-LSAW基因传感器杂交效应的影响,记录分析传感器相位的变化值及反应所需的时间.结果 当钠离子浓度从10mmol/L增加至100mmol/L时,传感器的相位变化呈先升高后降低的趋势,以20mmol/L为分水岭.而杂交平衡时间增加显著.结论 离子浓度极大地影响了杂交反应的时间,低盐离子浓度更有利于提高PNA和靶序列的杂交速率,高盐离子浓度则会大大降低PNA的结合速率.离子浓度为20mmol/L时杂交最为适宜.     

离子强度对压电传感器基因杂交动力学的影响

目的：探讨盐离子浓度对压电传感器基因杂交动力学的影响。方法：设计并合成金黄色葡萄球菌耐药基因探针及与其完全互补的靶序列，在石英谐振压电传感器阵列上进行杂交，杂交缓冲液中含5种NaCl浓度，计算机采集并分析传感器频率数据得出杂交动力学参数，同时比较各盐离子浓度下杂交达到平衡所需时间，杂交前后的频率差，平衡后频率波动幅度大小。结果：随NaCl浓度增加，结合速率常数，杂交平衡常数，最大杂交量均呈现明显增大趋势。而离解速率常数呈下降趋势，杂交前与杂交平衡后的频率差值增大，同时，杂交平衡后频率波动幅度相应增大，杂交达平衡所需时间延长。结论：一定的盐离子浓度促进基因杂交，但盐离子浓度过高则对晶体振荡性能产生负面影响。     

缓冲液pH值对肽核酸压电基因传感器阵列杂交效应的影响

目的 探索PBS缓冲液的pH值对肽核酸压电基因传感器阵列杂交效应的影响。方法 压电基因传感器阵列表面先固定上1．5μmol／L的bis-PNA探针，然后分别在pH5.8～8．0的PBS缓冲液中和相应的靶序列杂交，记录频率的下降值及反应所需的时间。结果 随着pH值从5.8升到8．0，杂交导致的频率下降值先高后低，以pH6．8为一个分水岭。杂交平衡时间在pH6.8之前总体上说相差尚不明显，但当pH值从6．8升到8．0时，却骤然增加。结论 bis-PNA和靶序列dsDNA的杂交时适用的pH范围很窄(pH6．6～7．0)。弱酸环境下(pH618时)最为容易，pH超过7．5就不适宜杂交。结果 从另一个侧面证实了在bis-PNA和dsDNA的杂交过程中“Hoogsteen链第一”的反应机制。     

探针浓度对肽核酸石英谐振式基因传感器阵列杂交效应的影响

目的探索不同肽核酸(PNA)探针浓度对PNA石英谐振式基因传感器阵列杂交效应的影响.方法石英谐振式基因传感器阵列表面分别固定上0.005、0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、4.0μM的bis-PNA探针后,观察其固定以及与相应的HBV靶序列杂交时频率的下降值及反应所需的时间.结果探针固定引起的频率变化值先升而后趋于平缓,而与HBV靶序列杂交所引起的频率变化值却是先升后降,以1.5μM探针浓度为分界线;杂交平衡时间上各组间未见明显的变化趋势.结论 1.5μM bis-PNA探针固定浓度最为适宜.     

碱基匹配程度对压电传感器基因杂交效应的影响

探讨碱基匹配程度对压电传感器基因杂交效应的影响。方法 :在压电传感器阵列上固定 2 0碱基的巯基DNA探针 ,而后分别与有 0 ,1,2 ,3个碱基不匹配的靶序列进行杂交 ,计算机采集分析传感器频率数据 ,比较各匹配程度下杂交达到平衡所需时间 ,杂交前后频率差 ,并计算杂交动力学参数。结果 :随碱基不匹配数增加 ,杂交时间有缩短趋势 ,杂交前后频率差值逐步减小 ,结合常数明显下降 ,解离常数增大 ,使平衡常数显著减小。结论 :在石英晶体传感器阵列上 ,基因杂交效率随碱基不匹配数量增加而减小。     

探针浓度对压电传感器基因杂交效应的影响

目的 探讨探针浓度对压电传感器基因杂交效应的影响。方法 9种浓度的探针与同一浓度的靶序列在压电传感器阵列上进行杂交,计算机采集并分析传感器频率数据,比较各探针浓度下固定前后频率差,杂交达到平衡所需时间,杂交前后频率差,同时,根据较低浓度数据得出的杂交动力学参数。计算各浓度下的频率变化理论值。结果 随探针浓度增加,固定引起的频率变化值逐渐增加,杂交时间有缩短趋势,杂交前后的频率差值在探针浓度较低（1nmol/L-0.5μmol/L)时逐渐增大,而探;针浓度较高（1.0-3.5μmol/L)时反而减小,高浓度时杂交前后频率变化理论值与实际值存在明显差异。结论 在石英晶体传感器阵列上,基因杂交效率随探针浓度增加而增大,但探针浓度过高反而抑制杂交,其原因可能主要在于探针之间的空间构象关系和静电排斥。     

缓冲液pH值对LSAW-bisPNA传感器检测系统的影响

目的 探讨PBS缓冲液pH值对LSAW-bisPNA基因传感器检测系统的影响.方法 LSAW-bisPNA基因传感器表面固定终浓度为1.0 μmol/L的bis-PNA探针,然后分别在pH 5.8～8.0的PBS缓冲液中和相应的靶序列杂交,记录相位变化及反应所需时间.结果 在不同pH值缓冲液中,bis-PNA与靶序列反应引起的相位变化有明显差异(P＜0.01),pH 6.6与pH 6.8时传感器响应信号最大,但两者反应所达到的平衡时间有明显差异(P＜0.05),pH值6.6时检测所需时间更短.结论 选择pH 6.6作为bis-PNA和靶序列dsDNA反应的最适pH值,在该pH值条件下传感器响应信号大,反应达平衡时间短.     

2种不同类型的核酸探针对压电基因传感器阵列检测特异性的影响

目的探讨用PNA作为探针与普通的DNA探针相比对压电传感器基因杂交的优越性.方法用生物素-亲和素法分别将PNA、DNA两种探针固定在基因传感器的金膜表面,分别与完全匹配、1个碱基错配、2个碱基错配的互补靶序列进行杂交,观察2种不同的探针与靶序列反应所引起的频率变化及所用的时间.结果相对于DNA探针,PNA探针识别碱基错配的能力明显高,且杂交时间更短.结论 PNA与靶序列DNA结合有高度的特异性,选用PNA作探针,可提高压电基因传感器检测的特异性.     

靶DNA长度对压电传感器基因杂交效应的影响

目的：探讨靶DNA长度对压电传感器基因杂交效应的影响，方法：在压电传感器阵列上固定20碱基的巯基DNA序列作为探针后分别与不同长度的含互补片段的靶序列进行杂交，计算机采集并分析传感器频率数据，比较各靶DNA长度下杂交达到平衡所需时间，杂交前后频率差，并计算杂交动力学参数。结果：随靶DNA长度增加，杂交时间有延长趋势。在靶DNA长度为20－108个碱基时，其频率变化值与碱基数呈线性关系。而225，379，654个碱基时的频率变化反应则明显降低，结合常数变化不明显，而解离常数呈增大趋势变化，使平衡常数逐渐减少，结论：在威武央晶体传感器阵列上，频率变化值随靶序列长度增长而增大但反应效率不一样。     

肽核酸生物传感器检测系统构建时靶序列农度的影响及线性范围的确定

目的探索肽核酸生物传感器检测系统构建时靶序列浓度值对杂交效应的影响,以及靶序列浓度线性范围的确定.方法石英谐振式生物传感器阵列表面先固定上1.5μM的bis-PNA探针,观察终浓度为1pg/L至100μg/L的HBV DNA与探针进行杂交所引起的频率变化及反应所需时间.并对频率下降值与靶序列浓度做线性回归,确定其线性范围.结果靶序列浓度为1 pg/L时,传感器未能检测出任何频率的改变.随着浓度从10 pg/L增加到100μg/L,杂交反应引起的频率下降值呈先增加后趋于缓和的趋势,以10μg/L为分界线,而杂交平衡时间并没有显现出一定的变化趋势.在10pg/L到10μg/L的浓度范围内,浓度与频率下降值的线性回归方程为lgC=-2.745 5 0.069 1×△F,相关系数r=0.992 3.结论随着靶序列浓度的升高,杂交反应引起的频率下降值呈典型饱和曲线趋势,靶序列浓度的线性检测范围为:10 pg/L ～ 10μg/L.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.