宁夏回族自治区灵武市回族人群血脂水平调查

为了探讨回族人群的血脂水平，我们于2004年10月至2005年4月对生活在宁夏回族自治区中部地区的灵武市的回族人群进行了血脂水平调查，现将结果报告如下。     

福州成年人群体成分与高血压风险评估

目的 分析福州地区成年人群体成分特点并建立估测体脂含量(%BF)的回归方程,评估%BF对高血压患病风险的预测价值.方法 抽样人群602人(男性310人,女性292人),各年龄层人数比符合福州地区常住(5年及以上)居民年龄构成比.测量人选人群的血压、身高、体重、腰围、体重指数(BMI)等,应用双能X线骨密度仪(DEXA)检测体成分指标(总体脂肪、瘦组织质量).分析抽样人群的腰围、BMI和体成分特征,X2检验分析与BMI≥25 kg/m2诊断一致性的腰围和%BF切点,多元回归分析建立估测人群%BF的回归方程,logistic回归分析%BF对高血压患病风险的预测.结果 成年男、女性人群的%BF、脂肪质量/瘦组织质量随年龄增长而增加,女性%BF明显高于男性.与BMI≥325 kg/m2诊断一致性最高的腰围和%BF切点分别为85 cm、25%(男)和80 cm、35%(女).Logistic回归分析显示,年龄每增加一个等级的高血压患病比数比为1.49(男)和1.75(女),%BF每增加一个等级的高血压患病比数比为1.57(男)和1.65(女),BMI和腰围未能进入回归方程.结论 与BMI 25 kg/m2作为肥胖判定切点一致的%BF切点为25%(男)和35%(女),体成分分析能更好地预测高血压的患病风险.     

肥胖男性体成分与骨密度的相关性

目的探讨成年肥胖男性体成分与骨密度（BMD）的关系。方法选取89名20～50岁男性为研究对象,根据体重指数分为体重正常组（25名）、超重组（31名）和肥胖组（33名）。应用双能X线骨密度仪进行BMD及体成分测定。结果肥胖组受试者总体脂肪质量、总体肌肉质量和BMD均高于对照绀（P〈0．05）。BMD与总体脂肪质量（r=0．296）、总体肌肉质量（r=0．392）、上肢脂肪质节（r=0．355）、人腿脂肪质量（r=0．334）和躯干脂肪质量（r=0．256）均呈正相关（P〈0．05）。BMD与躯干／总体脂肪（r=-0．197,P=0．068）呈负相关趋势。以BMD为因变量,行多元线性回归分析结果显爪,总体肌肉质量（B=0．005,P=0．000）和躯干／总体脂肪（β=-0．399,P=0．010）被引入办程。结论成年肥胖男性BMD高于非肥胖男性。肥胖者BMD增加与肌肉质量关系更为密切。建议成年肥胖男性加强体育锻炼,减少脂肪禽硅,增加肌肉含量,以预防骨质疏松症。     

696例中老年人血脂血糖水平调查分析

为了解本地区中老年人血脂、血糖的水平 ,2 0 0 2年 6～ 12月对本市部分行政企事业单位中老年干部 6 96例进行血脂、血糖水平的测定 ,现将结果报告如下。1　对象和方法1.1　对象　为来自本市中老年干部 6 96例 ,男 4 87例 ,4 0～ 5 9岁 16 8例 ,≥ 6 0岁 319例 ,年龄 4 0～ 75 (平均 6 1.37± 7.32 )岁 ;女 2 0 9例 ,4 0～ 5 9岁 12 8例 ,≥ 6 0岁 81例 ,年龄 4 0～ 77(平均5 9.0 6± 5 .77)岁。1.2 　 检测方法　于清晨空腹抽取肘静脉血 5 ml,2 h内分离血清 ,由贝克曼全自动生化分析仪及配套试剂进行总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度…     

中老年人群体成分变化、内分泌功能与老化相关疾病的关系

<正>人体成分分析作为人体基本状况评估的重要组成部分,在疾病的预测、筛查及诊断中的作用备受关注。伴随增龄,中老年人的人体成分亦呈明显变化,其中以脂肪增多与骨骼肌减少为主,而两者的内分泌功能与老化过程相关疾病的发生紧密相连。本文旨在对上述内容进行综述,为老化过程中人体成分变化与相关疾病的发病机制及临床治疗提供理论指导,从而更好地发挥人体成分分析在临床工作中所起的作用。1脂肪组织长期以来,脂肪组织被单纯看作能量的储备和调节器官。     

运动结合营养干预对中老年肥胖患者体成分、血脂、血压及心理的影响

目的探讨运动结合营养干预对中老年肥胖患者体成分、血脂、血压以及心理的影响。方法 62例中老年肥胖患者分为3组,分别为运动结合营养干预组(EN组),运动干预组(E组)和不参加运动和饮食干预的对照组(C组),共8 w,检测实验前后体成分、血脂、血压的变化,并采用问卷调查评定心理变化。结果 C组实验前后体成分、血脂、血压及SCL-90各因子变化无统计学差异(P0.05),而EN组和E组实验前后及实验后与C组比较,体成分、血脂、血压及SCL-90各因子变化有明显差异(P0.05或P0.01)。试验后EN组和E组比较,体重、瘦体重、腰围、腰臀比较差异明显(P0.05),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)比较差异明显(P0.05)。结论运动结合营养干预能提高中老年肥胖患者身心健康。     

血脂水平与急性胰腺炎的相关性探讨

目的探讨急性胰腺炎与血脂水平的关系。方法选择急性胰腺炎患者与体检人群分别化验甘油三酯（TG）、胆固醇（TC），然后对比分析血脂与急性胰腺炎的关系。结果急性胰腺炎患者TG明显增高，与体检人群比较差异有显著性。结论高脂血症尤其是高TG血症与急性胰腺炎有密切关系。     

老年人体质量指数和体成分与认知功能的相关性

目的 探讨老年人群体质量指数(BMI)、体成分与认知功能的相关性。方法 选择2021年1月至12月火箭军特色医学中心营养门诊就诊的老年人391例作为研究对象。采用蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)量表进行认知评估,分为正常组(≥26分)、轻度组(17～26分)和中重度组(≤17分)。测量身高和体质量并计算BMI,采用多频节段生物电阻抗法得到体成分指标,分析BMI和体成分与认知功能的相关性。以认知功能障碍(CI)诊断分级为因变量,BMI、相关人体成分为自变量,校正生活方式、基础疾病等混杂因素,进行多因素logistic回归分析。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,组间比较分别采用LSD-t检验、方差分析及χ²检验。结果 正常组、轻度组和中重度组间BMI、体脂率(PBF)、腰臀比(WHR)比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。正常组、轻度组和中重度组间BFM、VFA均随认知功能障碍程度的增加而呈现升高趋势[(22.45±4.97)和(26.97±5.54)和(31.10±3.45)kg,(104.42±26.73)和(125.57±29.58)...     

社区中老年人血脂异常情况调查分析

对本社区中老年人血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）进行筛查,统计不同性别血脂异常发生率。结果：血脂异常检出率为35.13%,男性TG异常、LDL-C异常、HDL-C异常发生率明显高于女性,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;男性的TC、TG、LDL-C水平明显高于女性,而男性HDLC水平明显低于女性,两组血脂水平比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：本社区中老年人血脂异常检出率高,尤其男性,需加强防治工作。     

青中年时期体重状态变化与中老年时期高血压的关系

目的:探讨青年及中年时期超重后的体重状态变化及减重比与中老年高血压患病风险的关系。方法:选取中国糖尿病和代谢紊乱研究中年龄40～79岁的人群。减重比定义为(最大体重-目前体重)/最大体重。采用多因素 logistic回归分析,分别探讨青年及中年超重后的体重状态变化及减重比与高血压的关系。 结果:共...     

中老年男性血脂水平与腰椎骨密度的相关性研究

目的 探讨中老年男性血脂水平与腰椎骨密度（BMD）的关系.方法 根据BMD将232名中老年男性分为3组：骨量正常组、骨量减少组和骨质疏松组.单因素方差分析比较3组间血脂谱的差异,对其BMD和胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、有氧运动等变量之间的关系进行有序Logistic回归分析.结果 骨质疏松组TC和LDL-C显著高于骨量正常组（P＜0.05）.有序Logistic回归分析发现,影响BMD情况的独立因素有TC和有氧运动,其中前者为危险因素,后者为保护因素.结论 血脂异常促进骨质疏松的发展,而有氧运动能减缓骨量丢失.预防中老年男性骨质疏松应采用综合干预的方法.     

中老年人群健康行为和因素与臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度的关系

目的探讨中老年人群健康行为和因素对动脉血管的保护作用。方法随机分层抽取唐山开滦(集团)有限责任公司在职及离退休职工中年龄≥40岁、既往无脑卒中、短暂性脑缺血发作、心肌梗死者共5440例为调查对象,根据臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)分为动脉硬化组(baPWV≥1400cm/s)和非动脉硬化组(baPWV<1400cm/s)。多因素Logistic回归分析心血管健康行为(吸烟习惯、体质量指数、体育锻炼、健康饮食)和因素(总胆固醇、血压、空腹血糖)对baPWV的影响。结果动脉硬化组的年龄、男性比例、吸烟比例、体育锻炼比例、baPWV、体质量指数、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油高于非动脉硬化组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低于非动脉硬化组(均P<0.05)。随着心血管健康行为和因素个数的增加,baPWV逐渐降低[右侧baPWV依次为(1646.1±325.0)、(1620.8±317.3)、(1586.4±360.0)、(1564.2±370.1)、(1528.7±376.8)、(1458.6±388.2)、(1393.4±360.9)、(1207.8±212.6)cm/s],动脉硬化发生率逐渐降低(84.5%、77.3%、68.6%、65.0%、57.8%、45.6%、35.7%、13.0%;P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示校正了年龄、性别、三酰甘油、LDL-C、HDL-C后,同具有≤1项者相比,具有2、3、4、5和≥6项的理想心血管健康行为和因素是动脉硬化的保护因素,OR(95%CI)分别是0.601(0.460～0.785)、0.536(0.410～0.699)、0.398(0.300～0.528)、0.248(0.179～0.343)、0.161(0.101～0.255)。结论中老年人群心血管健康行为和因素对动脉血管有保护作用。     

Relationship between CA 19-9 levels and glucose regulation in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population

Objective: To investigate carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19‐9 levels in subjects with different glucose regulation status and assess the relationship between CA 19‐9 and glucose regulation status in a Chinese population aged 40 years and older. Methods: A total of 2792 participants aged 40 years or older with no history of diabetes were enrolled in the present study from the Songnan region, Shanghai, China. Each participant received a two‐point (at 0 and 2 hours) 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test and measurements of hemoglobin A1c (Hb_A1c) and CA 19‐9 were made. Results: The CA 19‐9 levels increased gradually from normal glucose regulation to impaired glucose regulation to new‐onset diabetic patients (8.81, 9.84, and 11.08 U/mL, respectively, P < 0.0001 for trend). In new‐onset diabetic patients, the CA 19‐9 levels were positively and significantly associated with fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.20, P < 0.0001), 2 h post‐load plasma glucose (r = 0.17, P = 0.0007), and Hb_A1c (r = 0.19, P = 0.0001). Meanwhile, patients with new‐onset diabetes had 3.31‐fold (OR, 4.31; 95% CI, 2.00–9.32) increased higher odds ratio of elevated CA 19‐9 as compared with those with normal glucose regulation after adjustments for confounders. Conclusions: The CA 19‐9 levels were significantly higher in diabetic and patients with impaired glucose regulation compared with subjects with normal glucose regulation. Diabetic status was independently associated with elevated CA 19‐9. These results imply that CA 19‐9 might also relate to the endocrine function of the pancreas.     

中国中老年普通人群血清尿酸水平与血脂谱的关系

目的探讨中国中老年普通人群中血清尿酸(SUA)水平和血脂指标的独立相关关系。方法根据中国健康与营养调查(2009 CHNS)数据库,对5 123名40岁以上的中老年人群进行分析。2009 CHNS是一项在中国9个省采用随机抽样进行的横断面调查项目。结果被调查人群分为男女两组,相关分析显示血清尿酸(SUA)与三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、载脂蛋白(apo)-B呈正相关关系,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)呈负相关关系。采用多元回归分析模型校正了生理体征、生活因素、饮食构成及糖代谢指标和胰岛素抵抗状况后,SUA依然与TG、TC、HDL-C、apo-B、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)显著相关,但与apo-AI的相关性不显著,与Lp(a)的相关性存在性别差异(P0.05)。结论 SUA与多个血脂指标存在独立相关关系,可能与血脂协同参与慢性疾病的病理生理过程。     

Relationship between plasma lipids and all-cause mortality in nondemented elderly

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between plasma lipids and risk of death from all causes in nondemented elderly. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Community-based sample of Medicare recipients, aged 65 years and older, residing in northern Manhattan. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand two hundred seventy-seven nondemented elderly, aged 65 to 98; 672 (29.5%) white/non-Hispanic, 699 (30.7%) black/non-Hispanic, 876 (38.5%) Hispanic, and 30 (1.3%) other. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometric measures: fasting plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-HDL-C, body mass index, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. clinical measures: neuropsychological, neurological, medical, and functional assessments; medical history of diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and treatment with lipid-lowering drugs. Vital status measure: National Death Index date of death. Survival methods were used to examine the relationship between plasma lipids and subsequent mortality in younger and older nondemented elderly, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Nondemented elderly with levels of total cholesterol, non-HDL-C, and LDL-C in the lowest quartile were approximately twice as likely to die as those in the highest quartile (rate ratio (RR)=1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.3-2.4). These results did not vary when analyses were adjusted for body mass index, APOE genotype, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertension, stroke, diagnosis of cancer, current smoking status, or demographic variables. The association between lipid levels and risk of death was attenuated when subjects with less than 1 year of follow-up were excluded (RR=1.4, 95% CI=1.0-2.1). The relationship between total cholesterol, non-HDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides and risk of death did not differ for older (>or=75) and younger participants (>75), whereas the relationship between LDL-C and risk of death was stronger in younger than older participants (RR=2.4, 95% CI=1.2-4.9 vs RR=1.6, 95% CI=1.02-2.6, respectively). Overall, women had higher mean lipid levels than men and lower mortality risk, but the risk of death was comparable for men and women with comparable low lipid levels. CONCLUSION: Low cholesterol level is a robust predictor of mortality in the nondemented elderly and may be a surrogate of frailty or subclinical disease. More research is needed to understand these associations.     

中年男性ApoE基因多态性与血清血脂浓度分析

目的 探讨中年男性载脂蛋白(apolipoprotein E,ApoE)基因多态性与血清血脂浓度的关系.方法 检测244名40岁～60岁深圳男性血清血脂浓度,并采用基因芯片技术检测其ApoE基因.把入选对象按年龄分为40岁～45岁组(32名);46岁～50岁组(118名);51岁～55岁组(68名);56岁～60岁组(26名).结果 不同年龄段中年男性血清血脂浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.96,P>0.05).依据2007年中国成人血脂异常的防治指南对高脂血症的诊断标准,将人选对象分为高脂血症组(86名)及正常血脂组(158名),两组中最常见的基因型为E3/E3,少见基凶型有E3/FA、E2/E3、E4/E3,未检出E2/E4型.E2/E2+E2/E3基因型频率高脂血症组低于正常血脂组.差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).按基因型把入选对象分为E2/E2+E2/E3组(62名),E3/E3组(178名),E3/E4+FA/EA组(4名),方差分析显示3组基因型人群血清甘油三酯浓度及低密度脂蛋白浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.28,P>0.05);3组基因型人群血清总胆同醇浓度比较,差异有统计学意义(F=4.69,P<0.05),E2/E2+E2/E3基凶型血清总胆固醇浓度较E3/E3基凶型低.结论 高脂血症较少发生在E2/E2+E2/E3基因型人群.     

The relationship between body fat and C-reactive protein in middle-aged Korean population

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been identified as a strong independent risk factor of cardiovascular events. However, few data are available on hsCRP levels and their relationship with body fatness in Asian populations. We evaluated the relationships between hsCRP and various obesity indices: weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), fat percent (F, %), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and subscapular and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses in a community-based Korean cohort with hsCRP < or = 10 mg/l (n = 9773, age = 40-69 years, a rural and an urban community was selected). The median hsCRP level was 1.4 mg/l (interquartile range 0.6-2.4 mg/l). Of obesity indices examined, F, % was most strongly correlated with log-transformed hsCRP levels (r = 0.18 in men, 0.24 in women, respectively, P < 0.01). In multiple regression model including age, sex, community, blood pressure, BMI, WC, WHR, fasting glucose, insulin, lipids, smoking, alcohol and exercise, F, % was most potently associated with hsCRP (P < 0.0001). F, % accounted for 13.8% of the variability in hsCRP level, whereas other factors less than 6%. This result suggests that F, % is a strong associating factor of hsCRP levels of the various obesity indices in middle-aged Korean population.     

Body composition in hypertensive elderly and middle-aged patients

The occurrence of hypertension, leading to various life-threatening complications in the elderly is a widely recognized problem. The changes of body composition were determined in 120 control and untreated hypertensive subjects of various ages. In middle-aged hypertensive males, the total blood volume and plasma volume increased significantly compared to those of the healthy controls, while this increase was not significant in the case of hypertensive middle-aged females. In contrast, in the elderly hypertensive male subjects, the volume of all fluid components decreased, except the total body fat and the vascular volumes. There was a slight, statistically non-significant, increase in all the vascular volumes except in the red cell mass. The elderly hypertensive females showed the same tendency compared to the healthy controls of the same age. The vascular compartments seem to be decreased in elderly males, compared to those of the middle-aged males, while slightly increased in elderly females.     

Relationship between body composition and skeletal muscle eNOS

OBJECTIVE: Owing to the relationship between nitric oxide related endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease in overweight individuals, we investigated if skeletal muscle endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein content and activity are lower in overweight than lean women. DESIGN: A total of 19 women (age 26.0+/-1.7 years) underwent a resting muscle biopsy, body composition analysis by hydrostatic weighing and peak aerobic capacity determination using indirect calorimetry (Study 1). An additional separate set of six lean (< or = 25% fat) and six overweight (>25% fat) women were subsequently studied for the determination of eNOS activity, and to better control for absolute peak aerobic capacity between lean and overweight women (Study 2). RESULTS: Skeletal muscle eNOS content was inversely related to percent body fat (r2 = 0.58, P < 0.01), and body mass index (r2 = 0.35, P < 0.05). Total eNOS activity was lower in overweight than lean women (2.09 +/- 0.22 vs 1.44 +/- 0.17 U, P < 0.05; n = 12), and was inversely related to percent body fat (r2 = 0.32, P = 0.05), and BMI (r 2 = 0.41, P < 0.05). Absolute and relative aerobic capacity were not independent predictors of skeletal muscle eNOS content (r2 = 0.11 and 0.26, respectively). CONCLUSION: There is an inverse relationship between eNOS and percent body fat that may have implications for the previously reported reduced endothelial function and insulin sensitivity in overweight women.