新生儿高胆红素血症再入院的现状和危险因素分析

目的 探讨新生儿高胆红素血症再入院情况及相关危险因素。方法 选择2017年1月至2019年12月新生儿高胆红素血症再入院患儿85例作为研究组,按1：2比例在同期新生儿高胆红素血症未再入院病例中配对随机选取170例作为对照组,分析比较两组患儿的临床资料及再入院的危险因素。结果 研究期间新生儿高胆红素血症再入院率为2.30%,中位再入院间隔天数为5 d。研究组首次出院时总胆红素和间接胆红素水平明显高于对照组（P < 0.05）;首次住院期间蓝光治疗时间长于对照组（P < 0.05）。研究组出生体重、胎龄、首次入院时年龄均低于对照组（P < 0.05）,研究组合并葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）缺乏症比例和合并溶血病比例高于对照组（P < 0.05）。多因素logsitic分析显示,胎龄小、首次入院时年龄小、合并G-6-PD缺乏症是新生儿高胆红素血症再入院的危险因素（分别OR=1.792、1.415、2.829,P < 0.05）。结论 对存在胎龄小、首次入院时年龄小、合并G-6-PD缺乏症等高危因素的高胆红素血症新生儿,应加强住院及出院后管理,防止该病再入院的发生。     

遗传因素在广西新生儿高胆红素血症中的作用

目的探讨UGT1A1 G71R突变、OATP2A388G突变和G-6-PD缺乏对在广西新生儿高胆红素血症发病的作用。方法用四氮唑蓝定量法（NBT法）测定G-6-PD酶活性。聚合酶链反应-等位基因特异性寡核苷酸探针点杂交（PCR-ASO）法确定G71R基因型。限制性片段长度多态性分析（RFLP）检测A388G基因型。测定109例新生儿脐血的G-6-PD活性及G71R基因型,其中101例同时检测了A388G基因型。据G-6-PD活性及G71R或A388G基因型分组,分析UGT1A1G71R突变、OATP2A388G突变和G-6-PD缺乏与足月新生儿高胆红素血症之间关系。结果G71R等位基因频率在G-6-PD缺乏组为22．03％,在G-6-PD正常组为28．00％。G-6-PD缺乏共存有G71R突变纯合子或杂合子的新生儿高胆红素血症发生率（95．50％）高于G-6-PD正常且G71R为野生型的新生儿（53．90％）,x^2=10．45,P=0．0012,前者发生高胆红素血症的机会比（95％可信区间）[OR（95％CI）]为18．00（2．12,152．9）。A388G等位基因频率在G-6-PD缺乏组为20．O％,在G-6-PD正常组为18．5％。G-6-PD缺乏共存有A388G突变新生儿的高胆红素血症发生率（90．0％）高于G-6-PD正常且A388G为野生型的新生）L（44．80％）,X2=10．39,P=0．0013,前者发生高胆红素血症的伽（95％CT）为11．08（2．15,56．48）。结论G71R突变与G-6-PD缺乏共存或A388G突变与G-6-PD缺乏共存对广西足月新生儿高胆红素血症的发生有协同作用。     

广西南宁地区2033名新生儿葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症的筛查结果分析

广西是红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症的高发区之一.目前广西百色地区报道该症的发生率为15.61%.G-6-PD缺乏症是引起新生儿高胆红素血症(简称高胆)的主要原因,约有40～50%的新生儿高胆是由G-6-PD缺乏引起的.     

广西南宁地区2033名新生儿葡萄糖6—磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症的筛查结果分析

广西是红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症的高发区之一。目前广西百色地区报道该症的发生率为15.61％。G-6-PD缺乏症是引起新生儿高胆红素血症(简称高胆)的主要原因,约有40～50％的新生儿高胆是由G-6-PD缺乏引起的。新生儿G-6-PD缺乏引起的高胆所发生的核黄疸曾高达12.40～14.30％。因此,及时对新生儿G-6-     

UGT1A1 TATA基因突变与新生儿高胆红素血症的关系

新生儿高未结合胆红素血症是一种常见病,我国南方葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）缺陷致新生儿黄疸临床多见。东亚人、同胞兄弟姐妹中有黄疸史及家族中有黄疸史者发病率高等危险因素均提示遗传因素在新生儿黄疸发病中有一定作用。近年来,不少学者提出葡萄糖醛酸转移酶基因缺陷是新生儿黄疸的重要发病机制之一,G-6-PD缺陷与葡萄糖醛酸转移酶基因突变对新生儿黄疸发病存在协同作用。现就新生儿高胆红素血症发病中遗传因素的新进展作一综述。     

G-6-PD缺乏新生儿高胆红素血症发病机制的研究进展

在我国南方,葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏是新生儿高胆红素血症的主要病因.新生儿G-6-PD缺乏的最大危害为可引起高胆红素血症与核黄疸.G-6-PD缺乏所致新生儿高胆红素血症的发病机制是多因素共同作用的结果,既往强调溶血是其发病的主因,目前认为胆红素结合能力不足也参与发病.UGT1A1基因突变导致胆红素结合障碍是21世纪的研究热点.不少学者提出UGT1A1基因突变与G-6-PD缺乏二者对高胆红素血症起协同作用.     

新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏的早期诊断及跟踪调查

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏是广东等部分地区新生儿高胆红素血症的主要病因之一.为了早期诊断新生儿G-6-PD缺乏并了解其高胆红素血症发病情况,我们对1216例新生儿脐带血进行了G-6-PD定量测定,对G-6-PD缺乏的新生儿进行跟踪调查,现报告如下:     

新生儿葡萄糖—6—磷酸脱氢酶缺乏的早期诊断及跟踪调查

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）缺乏是 广东等部分地区新生儿高胆红素血症的主要 病因之一。为了早期诊断新生儿G-6-PD缺 乏并了解其高胆红素血症发病情况,我们对 1216例新生儿脐带血进行了G-6-PD定量测 定,对G-6-PD缺乏的新生儿进行跟踪调查, 现报告如下: 资料和方法 一、资料来源 全部病例均来自本院产科,随机检验,共 1216例。 二、检验方法 采集新生儿脐带血,按检验操作规程在 日立7170型全自动生化分析仪上进行G-6-     

动静脉成分血换血治疗新生儿重症高胆红素血症

新生儿重症高胆红素血症多见于新生儿溶血病特别是RH溶血病、G-6-PD缺陷病、先天性葡萄糖醛酸转移酶缺乏症等疾病,严重者可致脑损伤.换血是治疗重症高胆红素血症最迅速有效的方法[1-2].     

新生儿G—6—PD缺陷症合并巨细胞病毒感染的研究

了解新生儿G-6-PD缺陷症合并巨细胞病毒感染的情况。方法：对新生儿高胆红素血症患儿进行G-6-PD活性、PCR HCMV及其他相关检查。结果：新生儿G-6-PD缺陷症病人合并HCMV( )者其ALT 、IBIL、DBIL、血红蛋白、胆汁酸、G-6-PD活性与新生儿G-6-PD缺陷症HCMV(-)者、非G-6-PD缺陷症HCMV( )者、非G-6-PD缺陷症HCMV(-)者比较差异均有显著性。结论：新生儿G-6-PD缺陷症合并巨细胞病毒感染会加重肝脏、血液系统的损害，巨细胞病毒感染可降低新生儿G-6-PD活性。     

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and kernicterus of South-East anatolia

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the rate of kernicterus, and physical and laboratory examination findings in hyperbilirubinemic infants with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out in the Dicle University Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between June 2005 and June 2006. Out of 56 male neonates who needed an exchange transfusion due to hyperbilirubinemia, 10 with G-6-PD deficiency were included in the study. Maternal age, gestational age, route of delivery, birth weight, age at the time of admission, and treatment and outcome were recorded. Laboratory investigations included determination of direct and indirect serum bilirubin concentrations, blood group typing, direct Coomb test, complete blood count, blood smear, thyroid-stimulating hormone, T4, C-reactive protein, urine analysis, and G-6-PD level. RESULTS: Out of 56 male neonates requiring exchange transfusion, 10 had G-6-PD deficiency (18%). In G-6-PD deficient neonates, other factors known to cause hyperbilirubinemia were excluded. The mean gestational age and the mean maternal age was 38.2+/-1.0 weeks and 31.3+/-5.9 years, respectively. The mean bilirubin level was 42.1+/-13.7 mg/dL. Four patients required a second exchange transfusions, and only 1 transfusion was sufficient for the remaining patients. Five patients (55%) developed kernicterus. CONCLUSIONS: Early detection of G-6-PD deficiency in the affected newborns may be important for reducing the risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia, kernicterus, and the need for exchange transfusion.     

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in African American males: the importance of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

OBJECTIVE: To perform risk factor analysis for the prediction of hyperbilirubinemia in an African American male neonatal cohort. STUDY DESIGN: A database of 500 previously published term and near-term African American male neonates was further analyzed to determine the role of risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia. Factors studied included birth weight >/=4.0 kg, gestational age /=75(th) percentile. Hyperbilirubinemia was defined as any bilirubin value >/=95(th) percentile on the hour-of-life-specific bilirubin nomogram. RESULTS: Forty-three (8.6%) neonates developed hyperbilirubinemia. At 48 +/- 12 hours, median transcutaneous bilirubin was 8.3 mg/dL, 75(th) percentile 10.0 mg/dL, and 95(th) percentile 12.6 mg/dL. Of the risk factors, only exclusive breast-feeding, G-6-PD deficiency and predischarge bilirubin >/=75(th) percentile were significant (Adjusted Odds Ratios [95% Confidence Intervals; CI] 3.15 [1.39-7.14], P = .006; 4.96 [2.28-10.80], P = .001; and 7.47 [3.50-15.94], P < .0001, respectively). G-6-PD-deficient neonates who were also premature and breast-feeding had the highest incidence of hyperbilirubinemia (60%). CONCLUSIONS: African American male neonates may be at higher risk for hyperbilirubinemia than previously thought. Screening for G-6-PD deficiency and predischarge bilirubin determination may be useful adjuncts in hyperbilirubinemia prediction in these newborns.     

Current status of unplanned readmission of neonates within 31 days after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit and risk factors for readmission北大核心CSCD

目的 了解新生儿重症监护室（neonatal intensive care unit，NICU）患儿出院31 d内非计划再入院现状及其影响因素，为制定相关预防策略提供参考。 方法 回顾性收集1 561例NICU出院患儿临床资料，将31 d内发生再次入院的52例患儿作为病例组，采用1∶2病例对照研究的方法，选取同期住院后未发生再入院病例104例作为对照组，对两组患儿的临床资料行单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析。 结果 1 561例患儿中，52例患儿共发生再入院63次，再入院率为3.33%。高胆红素血症和肺炎是再入院的主要原因，分别占29%（18/63）和24%（15/63）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，胎龄<28周、出生体重<1 500 g、多胎妊娠、机械通气、住院时间≤7 d是NICU出院患儿再入院的影响因素（分别OR值为5.645、5.750、3.044、3.331、1.718，P<0.05）。 结论 NICU出院患儿再入院风险较高，医护人员应关注其影响因素，制订针对性干预措施，减少再入院次数，提高医疗服务质量。     

Combination of ABO blood group incompatibility and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: effect on hemolysis and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

The incidence (%) of hyperbilirubinemia (serum bilirubin ≥257 μmol/l) was similar in neonates with a combination of ABO incompatibility and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency (45%), with ABO incompatibility (54%) or G-6-PD deficiency (37%), alone (ns). Carboxyhemoglobin values, corrected for inspired CO, were similarly elevated in all three groups (0.87 ± 0.32%, 0.82 ± 0.29%, 0.76 ± 0.18%, respectively, ns), but correlated with bilirubin only in those with ABO incompatibility alone. ABO-incompatible/G-6-PD-deficient neonates, compared with those with either condition alone, are not at increased risk for hemolysis or hyperbilirubinemia.     

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia associated with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Sephardic-Jewish neonates: incidence, severity, and the effect of phototherapy.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency is frequently associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and sometimes kernicterus, often in the absence of any identifiable trigger or hematological evidence of hemolysis. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and severity of, and the effect of phototherapy on, jaundice in G 6-PD-deficient vs G-6-PD-normal neonates in the Sephardic-Jewish community. Healthy term newborns, born to mothers of families stemming from geographic areas known to be "at risk" for G-6-PD deficiency, were screened for the condition and surveyed for hyperbilirubinemia. Seventy-five G-6-PD-deficient neonates formed the study group, while 266 neonates with normal levels of the enzyme formed the control group. Neonates with any other identifiable cause for jaundice were excluded. Phototherapy was commenced when the serum bilirubin levels reached 16 mg/dL (274 mumol/L) or more, and it was discontinued at 12 mg/dL (205 mumol/L) or less. Hyperbilirubinemia developed in 27 (36%) of the deficient neonates (serum total bilirubin greater than 13.9 mg/dL [238 mumol/L]), compared with 50 (18.8%) of control neonates (P = .002), while 20 (26.7%) of the study group required phototherapy, compared with 31 (11.7%) of control neonates (P = .002). Two neonates in the study group required exchange transfusion (serum bilirubin greater than 20 mg/dL [342 mumol/L]), vs 0 in the control group (not significant).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Genetic polymorphisms in Thai neonates with hyperbilirubinemia

Aim:  Polymorphisms of the UGT1A1 gene, SLCO1B1 gene and GST gene have been associated with significant hyperbilirubinemia. We would like to determine whether the variation of UGT1A1 gene, SLCO1B1 gene and GST gene may play a significant role in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Thai infants.
Methods:  Ninety-one study subjects (hyperbilirubinemic group) and 86 control subjects were studied.
Results:  The cause of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia could not be identified in 64 infants (70.3%), ABO blood group incompatibility in 14.3% and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency in 8.8%. In the hyperbilirubinemic group, 23 of 91 (25.3%) infants demonstrated variant of UGT1A1 at nucleotides (nt) 211 as compared to 6 of 86 (7%) in the control group (p = 0.001). There were no significant differences between groups in the variants UGT1A1 at nt 686, SLCO1B1 gene at nt 388, 463 and the GST gene. Male infants with G-6-PD deficiency were associated with hyperbilirubinemia (21.2% vs. 4.8% in the control group) with an odds ratio (OR) of 5.37 (p =0.02). The relationship between G-6-PD and variant in UGT1A1 gene at nt 211 could not be determined.
Conclusion:  Thai infants with variant in the UGT1A1 at nt 211 or with G-6-PD deficiency are at higher risk for developing neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.     

广西南宁地区G6PD基因突变与新生儿黄疸的关系

目的：分析本地区最常见的三种基因突变型G1388A、G1376T和A95G与葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）活性之间的相关性,并探讨G-6-PD基因突变对新生儿黄疸的影响。方法：124例广西南宁的高胆红素血症新生儿为研究对象。应用突变特异性扩增系统法检测G-6-PD基因突变,应用硝基四氮唑蓝（NBT）定量法检测G-6-PD活性。比较G-6-PD不同基因突变型之间以及与正常组之间胆红素脑病发生率、出生72 h后血清胆红素峰值组间的差异。采用非条件logistic回归分析血清胆红素值>340 μmol/L的危险度。结果：124例中有37例G-6-PD 基因突变（G1388A 20例,G1376T 14例,A95G 4例,1例同时存在G1388A与A95G突变）。20例G1388A突变者中5例（25%）G-6-PD酶活性正常,14例G1376T突变者中4例（29%）G-6-PD酶活性正常,4例A95G突变者G-6-PD 酶活性均缺乏。G1388A与G1376T组胆红素脑病发生率及出生72 h后血清胆红素峰值差异无显著性。G-6-PD 突变组出生72 h后血清胆红素峰值、胆红素脑病发生率及血清胆红素>340 μmol/L的危险度与G-6-PD正常组相比,差异无显著性。结论：广西南宁地区G-6-PD突变仍常见G1388A、G1376T和A95G基因型。NBT法诊断G-6-PD缺乏存在假阴性。不同基因型对出生72 h后血清胆红素峰值、胆红素脑病发生率的影响无差异。单独的G-6-PD基因突变对生后72 h血清胆红素峰值、急性胆红素脑病发生率及血清胆红素大于340 μmol/L危险性均无影响。［中国当代儿科杂志,2009,11（12）：970-972］     

Neonatal screening for Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Objective : This study was carried out to detect the incidence of erythrocytic Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, to compare the incidence of hyperbilirubinernia in G-6-PD deficient neonates as compared to G-6-PD normal neonates and to asses the usefulness of neonatal screening for G-6-PD deficiency.Method : In a retrospective hospital based study 2,479 male and female neonates consecutively born at Indraprastha Apollo hospital between July 1998 to June 2003 who were screened for G-6-PD levels were evaluated for the incidence of G-6-PD deficiency.Results : Incidence of G-6-PD deficiency was found to be 2.0%. Incidence in males was 283% and femle was 1.05%. The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia was found to be 32% in G-6-PD deficient neonates which was significantly higher than the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates with normal G-6-PD, which was 12.3% (P<0.001).Conclusion : Our data suggests that neonatal screening for G-6-PD deficiency is a useful test for preventing and early treatment of complications associated with it.