股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效。方法闭合复位PFNA内固定治疗27例股骨转子间骨折患者。记录手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、并发症及外侧壁骨折发生情况,末次随访采用髋关节Harris评分评价疗效。结果手术时间40～102(73.8±2.9) min,术中出血量30～200(80.0±10.1) ml,骨折愈合时间12～17(14.3±2.1)周。患者均获得随访,时间3～24(15.45±7.36)个月。术中发生外侧壁骨折1例,术后发生防旋钉部分退出1例。末次随访髋关节Harris评分91～95(92.7±3.6)分。结论 PFNA治疗股骨转子间骨折创伤小,手术时间短,恢复快,术后髋关节功能恢复良好。     

防旋型股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折疗效分析

目的探讨防旋型股骨近端髓内钉（PFNA）治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法2010年3月至2011年6月采用PFNA治疗42例老年股骨转子间骨折。手术采用牵引床闭合复位,c形臂x线透视机透视下小切口置入PFNA内固定。结果42例患者手术时间为40-85min,平均59min;术中失血量为40-150ml,平均86．4ml。所有患者经9～16个月,平均12．4个月随访,x线片显示骨折均愈合,愈合时间为9～15周,平均12周。术后未发生感染、髋内翻畸形、螺旋刀片切出股骨头等并发症。根据髋关节Harris髋关节功能评分,优17例,良22例,可3例,差0例,优良率为92．9%。结论PFNA治疗老年股骨转子间骨折具有操作简便、手术时间短、创伤小、固定牢靠等优势,是目前治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的理想选择。     

防旋型股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨防旋型股骨近端髓内钉(PFNA)治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法采用PFNA治疗21例老年股骨转子间骨折患者,术前予以皮肤牵引,术中予以闭合复位,小切口置入PFNA。对手术时间、术中出血量、TAD值、并发症及临床疗效进行分析。结果手术时间51～98(76±12)min;术中出血量50～100(68±19)ml;TAD值21～28(24±1.9)mm。21例均获随访,时间6～18个月,骨折均骨性愈合。无内固定失败、骨不连、感染、螺旋刀片贯穿股骨头、退钉、下肢静脉血栓形成、髋内翻畸形并发症发生。Harris髋关节功能评分:优15例,良3例,中3例,优良率为18/21。结论 PFNA具有操作简单、创伤小、手术时间短、出血少、并发症少等优点,治疗老年性股骨转子间骨折临床疗效满意。     

股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定治疗中老年股骨转子间骨折

目的 探讨股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)固定治疗中老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效。方法 采用PFNA固定治疗25例中老年股骨转子间骨折患者。记录手术情况、影像学指标、疼痛VAS评分以及髋关节功能Harris评分。结果 患者均获得随访，时间12～14(12.5±1.2)个月。手术时间45～90(65.3±7.8)min,术中出血量45～120(89.5±10.2)ml,术中透视5～15(7.8±2.1)次，住院时间5～10(7.2±1.9)d。骨痂开始形成时间1.5～4.0(2.64±0.55)个月，骨折愈合时间3.5～6.0(4.27±0.85)个月。末次随访时，疼痛VAS评分为0～3(1.4±0.3)分；髋关节功能Harris评分为55～95(85.9±9.2)分，其中优8例，良10例，可5例，差2例，优良率为18/25。结论 PFNA固定治疗中老年股骨转子间骨折创伤小，固定牢靠，髋关节功能恢复好，临床疗效确切。     

手法复位股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

目的 探讨手法复位股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法 采用手法复位PFNA固定治疗42例股骨转子间骨折患者。观察术后骨折复位及愈合情况、并发症发生情况、髋关节功能恢复情况。结果 手术时间30～65(46.61±7.32)min,术中出血量20～200(85.41±6.25)ml。除1例患者术后4个月因脑血管疾病意外去世外，其余41例患者均获得6个月随访。术后X线片显示29例骨折解剖复位，13例骨折功能复位。术后切口均愈合良好，无感染；患者围手术期均未发生症状性血栓、严重心脑事件、死亡等严重并发症；随访期间均未出现内固定松动、失效以及骨折不愈合等情况。术后6个月X线片显示骨折均愈合，骨折端有骨小梁通过。Harris评分术后3、6个月均高于术后1个月，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 手法复位PFNA固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折具有创伤小、手术时间短、术中出血量少、操作简便、固定稳定、患肢功能恢复好等优点，疗效确切。     

股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年A2型股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗老年A2型股骨转子间骨折的近期疗效。方法采用PFNA治疗41例老年A2型股骨转子间骨折患者。记录手术时间、术中出血量、术中透视次数。末次随访时采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能。结果手术时间20~90(55.6±21.7)min,术中出血量100~400(200.4±80.5)ml,术中透视次数22~36(29.5±6.4)次。患者均获得随访,时间3~12个月。末次随访时采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能:优32例,良6例,可2例,差1例,优良率92.68%。结论PFNA治疗老年A2型股骨转子间骨折具有创伤小、手术时间短、术中出血量少、髋关节功能恢复好等优点,临床疗效肯定。     

股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折

目的 探讨应用股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的疗效.方法 42例老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折患者,在C臂机透视下闭合复位后采用PFNA内固定治疗.采用Harris评分评价术后髋关节功能.结果 患者均获随访,时间5～30(19±9)个月,骨折均愈合.髋关节Harris评分:优28例,良12例,可2例,优良率为95.2%.均未出现感染、髋内翻畸形、下肢外旋及短缩畸形、螺旋刀片切割股骨头、股骨干骨折、内固定失效及延迟骨愈合等并发症.结论 PFNA治疗老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折符合生物学固定原则,对骨折端的血运影响和骨质破坏较小,具有操作简单、创伤小、内固定可靠、可早期功能锻炼及术后并发症少等优点,疗效满意.     

股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨采用闭合复位股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折的临床效果。方法对117例老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折采用闭合复位、小切口PFNA内固定治疗。统计手术时间、术中出血量、围手术期隐性失血量与输血量,分析手术相关并发症。结果手术时间30～90(50±10)min;术中显性失血量50～210(85±15)ml,40例术后输少浆RBC 2～4U。99例获得解剖复位。114例获得随访(死亡3例),时间6～16个月,骨折全部愈合。髋关节Harris评分:优102例,良5例,差7例,优良率为93.8%。结论闭合复位PFNA内固定治疗老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折固定牢靠,并发症少,疗效满意。     

闭合复位股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

目的 探讨闭合复位股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效.方法 采用闭合复位PFNA治疗88例老年股骨转子间骨折患者.记录手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合情况以及术后并发症发生情况,采用Harris髋关节功能评分标准评定疗效.结果 手术时间48～126(82.3±24.6)min,术中出血量50～28...     

股骨近端骨折PFNA内固定的治疗体会

[目的]探讨应用股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)内固定治疗股骨近端(股骨粗隆间、股骨粗隆下)骨折的临床效果及治疗体会。[方法]对90例在本院治疗的股骨近端骨折患者,C臂机透视下行骨折闭合复位、PFNA内固定微创治疗。观察骨折愈合时间、并发症、髋关节功能恢复情况。[结果]手术时间20~90 min,平均40 min;术中出血量50~300 ml,平均80 ml。骨折全部愈合,无髋内翻、螺钉退出、螺旋刀切出、感染、神经血管损伤等并发症发生。髋关节功能采用Harris评分,优62例,良25例,可3例,优良率达97%。[结论]PFNA内固定微创治疗股骨近端骨折操作简单、损伤小、出血少、恢复快、并发症少,是治疗股骨近端骨折理想的治疗方法。熟练掌握骨折复位技巧及PFNA内固定手术技术,可缩短手术时间,减少手术出血量,减少X线暴露次数,对患者快速康复有重要意义。     

股骨头毁损三联征:股骨头骨折-脱位合并股骨颈骨折

股骨头合并同侧股骨颈骨折是一种严重而复杂的创伤,保髋手术大多会失败。其治疗的难点及预后的关键在股骨颈骨折上。鉴于股骨颈骨折的发生与股骨头骨折-脱位之间存在明显的、前后关联的贯序特点,笔者认为以股骨头毁损三联征（disastrous triad of femoral head,DTFH）来概括这种类型的损伤,更能反映其损伤机制和预后特点。结合临床观察和文献资料,DTFH可分为3个类型：Ⅰ型,普通型DTFH,股骨颈骨折的发生紧随于股骨头骨折-脱位之后,是同一暴力造成的损伤;Ⅱ型,医源型DTFH,是在股骨头骨折-脱位的诊疗过程中发生了医源性股骨颈骨折;Ⅲ型,应力型DTFH,发生于股骨头骨折-脱位的治疗之后,在股骨头骨折面的远侧缘发生应力性股骨颈骨折。本文对各型DTFH的临床特点进行了初步的讨论。     

Distal femoral allograft for massive proximal femoral deficiency

Background?Although indomethacin is effective in preventing heterotopic ossification (HO) after primary total hip arthroplasty, side effects are frequently observed. In the last decade a new class of drugs—the COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs—has been developed. To investigate the effect of these COX-2 selective NSAIDs on heterotopic ossification (HO) after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), we conducted a randomized controlled trial using either indomethacin or rofecoxib for 7 days.

Methods?186 patients received either indomethacin 3 times daily, or rofecoxib twice, and 1 placebo, daily for 7 days. HO was graded according to the 1-year postoperative radiographs according to the Brooker classification.

Results?12 of the 186 patients included discontinued their medication before the end of the trial due to side effects. The remaining 174 patients were included in the analysis. In the indomethacin group (n = 89), 77 patients (87%) showed no HO, 9 showed HO of grade 1 and 3 showed HO of grade 2 according to the Brooker classification. In the rofecoxib group (n = 85) 73 patients (86%) showed no ossification, 9 showed grade 1, and 3 showed grade 2.

Interpretation?The prophylactic effect of rofecoxib for 7 days in preventing heteropic ossification after primary total hip arthroplasty is comparable to the effect of indomethacin given for 7 days. These results indicate that the development of HO follows a COX-2 pathway.     

Simultaneous proximal femoral rotational and distal femoral varus osteotomies for femoral retroversion and genu valgum

Whereas excess femoral anteversion and its related symptoms have been described many times, excess femoral retroversion is less well documented. We report the case of a 30-year-old woman who had a history of chronic bilateral hip and knee pain and evidence of excess femoral retroversion, genu valgum, early-onset lateral and patellofemoral compartment osteoarthritis of both knees, and hip arthritis. She experienced symptomatic relief after undergoing staged bilateral simultaneous proximal femoral rotational and distal femoral lateral opening wedge osteotomies. Although this combination of alignment problems is not an infrequent clinical occurrence, we have found no literature on this condition or treatment. The patient provided written informed consent for print and electronic publication of this case report.     

Extensively porous-coated femoral revision for severe femoral bone loss

Of 275 femoral revisions done at our institution from 1982 to 1986, we identified 34 patients (35 hips) who represented the senior author's (C.A.E., Sr.) most difficult revision cases as a result of extensive femoral bone loss at least 10 cm below the lesser trochanter. The patients were revised with fully porous-coated femoral components ≥190 mm. We evaluated 25 of the patients (26 hips) who had a minimum 10-year follow-up (mean, 13.3 years). Survivorship was 89% at 10 years with femoral revision as the endpoint (Kaplan-Meier). The femoral aseptic loosening rate was 15% (4 of 26). Three stems were loose but did not warrant reoperation. One stem was revised for aseptic loosening, 1 was revised for septic loosening, and 1 was revised for a fractured femoral component. Bypassing weak or absent femoral bone with an extensively porous-coated stem is an effective reconstructive technique for patients with extensive femoral bone loss.