子宫颈鳞状移行细胞癌临床病理分析

目的 分析子宫颈鳞状移行细胞癌（squamotransitional cell carcinoma,STCC）的临床、病理及免疫组化表达特征,探讨STCC的诊断和鉴别诊断及细胞分化。方法 参照2003年WHO子宫颈肿瘤组织学分类,对8例STCC进行临床病理形态学观察和免疫组化检测。结果 患者平均年龄37．1岁（28～54岁）,临床表现为接触性阴道出血,部分病例白带有异味,病程1个月～5年。子宫颈肥大呈粗颗粒状或微绒状,部分病例（2／8）见息肉或菜花样新生物。所有病例均见乳头状结构,乳头由多层异型鳞状细胞样或移行细胞样上皮覆盖,细胞无挖空特征,乳头内为纤维血管中心柱;大部分乳头为非浸润性,2例为浸润性,2例子宫颈壁有深部浸润的表面乳头中见厚壁血管。所有病例均见程度不等的子宫颈间质浸润（0．1cm至全层）,HE切片下判断4例有脉管内浸润,1例盆腔淋巴结有转移。免疫组化染色显示p16均呈强阳性表达,CK7、CK14、CK19呈不同程度阳性表达,CK20仅在2例见局灶阳性,在D2-40标记下发现6例有淋巴管浸润。结论 STCC是一种具有独立形态学特征的子宫颈恶性肿瘤,有别于子宫颈普通鳞癌及其他呈乳头状生长的恶性肿瘤如疣性癌、疣状癌等;尽管大部分乳头为非浸润性,STCC易向子宫颈壁浸润的特点提示深部活检明确诊断的必要性,乳头内厚壁血管可能与深部浸润有关;免疫组化结果提示STCC属鳞状细胞癌,不支持有真正的移行细胞分化。STCC与高危型HPV感染有关,易经淋巴道转移。     

子宫颈HPV相关性乳头状鳞状细胞癌的临床病理分析

目的 探讨子宫颈乳头状鳞状细胞癌(papillary squamous cell carcinoma, PSCC)的临床病理学特征、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法 收集18例子宫颈PSCC临床资料,行HE和免疫组化染色,分析其临床病理特征,并复习相关文献。结果 18例患者年龄30～71岁,平均49岁,镜下活检和手术标本均可见浅表乳头状结构,伴纤维血管轴心,被覆上皮具有子宫颈高级别鳞状上皮内病变(high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, HSIL)的特征。17例子宫颈活检病理学检查均为典型的PSCC,1例子宫颈虽有菜花样肿物,但活检标本未见间质浸润,行子宫颈锥切,锥切标本仍未见间质浸润。13例行根治性子宫切除,最后均诊断为子宫颈PSCC,伴间质浸润;4例活检诊断后失访。免疫表型：p16呈弥漫强阳性(块状)染色,p63、CK7阳性,CK20阴性,Ki-67增殖指数>90%,遍布上皮全层。14例行HPV DNA分型检测,其中10例HPV 16阳性(71.4%),2例分别合并HPV 53和HPV 59感染。结论 子宫颈PSCC具有典型的病理形态学表现,...     

子宫颈鳞状细胞癌伴子宫内膜及双侧输卵管扩散1例并文献复习

目的探讨子宫颈鳞状细胞癌伴子宫内膜及输卵管黏膜扩散的临床病理学特征。方法回顾性分析1例子宫颈鳞状细胞癌伴子宫内膜及双侧输卵管扩散的临床病理学及免疫表型特征、HPV检测结果,并复习相关文献。结果眼观:子宫颈外口见一隆起型肿块,肿块大小3.0 cm×2.5 cm×1.7 cm,向上累及宫颈管内口;子宫宫腔内未见明显肿块,子宫内膜菲薄且较光滑;双侧输卵管及卵巢未见明显肿块。镜检:子宫颈中分化浸润性鳞状细胞癌,浸润性病灶周围可见原位癌区域,癌组织浸润至子宫颈管壁周围纤维脂肪组织,并见脉管内癌栓形成及神经侵犯现象,肿瘤向下侵犯阴道壁上1/3;子宫内膜经全部取材制片,镜下见宫角处局灶子宫内膜表面黏膜上皮呈原位鳞状细胞癌改变,周围子宫内膜呈萎缩性改变,且与子宫颈鳞状细胞癌不相连续;双侧输卵管伞部黏膜上皮均见局灶原位鳞状细胞癌成分,周围输卵管黏膜上皮及间质均未见癌组织,未见脉管内癌栓。双侧卵巢未见明显异常。免疫表型:子宫颈、子宫内膜、输卵管肿瘤p16均阳性,输卵管肿瘤WT-1阴性,肿瘤CK5/6阳性,Ki-67增殖指数为60%;HPV-DNA检测子宫颈、子宫内膜及输卵管均显示HPV16型感染阳性。结论子宫颈鳞状细胞癌伴子宫内膜及双侧输卵管扩散的相关病例较为罕见,其发生机制可能与HPV感染有关。     

子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌4例临床病理观察

目的探讨子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌的临床病理特征、诊断、鉴别诊断及预后特点,以提高对该病的认识及避免过度治疗。方法对4例子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌的临床及病理资料进行回顾性分析,运用常规HE、免疫组化EnVision法染色及原位杂交技术进行检测,并复习相关文献。结果 4例子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌患者年龄53~67岁,平均61.5岁,4例患者均行全子宫+双侧附件切除术。镜下见癌组织由形态单一、分化良好的基底样小细胞组成,排列成小巢状或条索状。癌巢周边见栅栏状排列的细胞核,部分癌巢中央形成囊性腔隙,也可见腺样或鳞状分化。4例患者均伴子宫颈上皮内病变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)。免疫表型:肿瘤细胞CK5/6、CK8/18、CK19、p16、p40、p53、BCL-2和p63均阳性,ER、CK7、CEA、CD117和S-100均阴性。原位杂交检测:HPV16/18阳性。4例患者随访19~62个月,均未见复发及转移。结论子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌属于罕见但预后较好的肿瘤,因预后不同,需与腺样囊性癌、基底样鳞状细胞癌、神经内分泌癌及腺鳞癌鉴别。治疗可选择全子宫切除术或宫颈锥切术,不推荐放、化疗。     

宫颈腺样囊性癌合并鳞状细胞癌临床病理及免疫表型分析

目的探讨宫颈腺样囊性癌合并鳞状细胞癌的临床病理特点、免疫表型及可能的发生机制。方法对1例宫颈腺样囊性癌合并鳞状细胞癌的临床、病理组织学及免疫表型进行观察并文献复习。结果宫颈腺样囊性癌合并高-中分化鳞状细胞癌,肿瘤侵及宫颈近全层,盆腔淋巴结未见肿瘤转移。免疫表型:腺样囊性癌成分p63、CK7、S-100均(+);HHF-35、34βE12、CK17、ER、PR均(-),鳞状细胞癌成分34βE12、p63(+);CK17、S-100、CK7、HHF-35、ER、PR均(-)。结论发生于宫颈的腺样囊性癌合并鳞状细胞癌非常罕见,该肿瘤术前诊断易出现漏诊,确诊主要靠术后病理检查。     

乳头部腺瘤的临床病理观察

目的 探讨乳头部腺瘤的临床病理形态学及免疫表型特点、诊断及鉴别诊断.方法 应用光镜观察、免疫组织化学EnVision两步法等对18例乳头部腺瘤进行分析,并复习文献.结果 肿瘤局限于乳头或乳晕下,多数与表皮相连,主要由扩张的导管与纤维化间质组成,腺上皮不同程度增生,多数为复层或有实性巢状、筛状、乳头状或微乳头状等复杂结构,细胞杂乱、拥挤、重叠,导管周围存在完整肌上皮;有时间质明显纤维化、硬化.免疫组织化学染色显示34βE12上皮阳性,CK5/6上皮与肌上皮片状阳性,p53和c-erbB-2阴性,p63、平滑肌肌动蛋白、Calponin等染色显示导管周围存在完整肌上皮.结论 乳头部腺瘤是少见的良性肿瘤,常表现为硬化性乳头状瘤病、乳头状瘤病型腺病或旺炽型硬化性腺病等形态,易与导管上皮不典型增生/导管内癌、浸润性导管癌、低度恶性腺鳞癌等混淆;应密切结合肿瘤部位及形态学,辅之以免疫组织化学诊断.     

乳头部腺瘤的临床病理观察

目的 探讨乳头部腺瘤的临床病理形态学及免疫表型特点、诊断及鉴别诊断.方法 应用光镜观察、免疫组织化学EnVision两步法等对18例乳头部腺瘤进行分析,并复习文献.结果 肿瘤局限于乳头或乳晕下,多数与表皮相连,主要由扩张的导管与纤维化间质组成,腺上皮不同程度增生,多数为复层或有实性巢状、筛状、乳头状或微乳头状等复杂结构,细胞杂乱、拥挤、重叠,导管周围存在完整肌上皮;有时间质明显纤维化、硬化.免疫组织化学染色显示34βE12上皮阳性,CK5/6上皮与肌上皮片状阳性,p53和c-erbB-2阴性,p63、平滑肌肌动蛋白、Calponin等染色显示导管周围存在完整肌上皮.结论 乳头部腺瘤是少见的良性肿瘤,常表现为硬化性乳头状瘤病、乳头状瘤病型腺病或旺炽型硬化性腺病等形态,易与导管上皮不典型增生/导管内癌、浸润性导管癌、低度恶性腺鳞癌等混淆;应密切结合肿瘤部位及形态学,辅之以免疫组织化学诊断.     

子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌2例报道并文献复习

目的 探讨子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌的临床病理特点及其鉴别诊断.方法 应用组织学、免疫组织化学,对2例子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌进行分析,并复习相关文献.结果 2例子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌年龄均>50岁,无明显症状,为体检时发现.子宫颈无明显肿瘤外观,2例均行全子宫切除术.组织学:瘤细胞呈巢状、条索状向间质浸润性生长.瘤细胞体积小,形态一致,排列紧密,胞质稀少,胞核深染,瘤巢周边的细胞呈栅栏状排列,2例瘤巢中央见灶状腺腔样分化.其中例1伴灶状鳞状细胞分化及轻微的间质水肿,例2无明显间质反应.例1瘤细胞浸润深度2.8 mm,宽度6.5 mm;例2瘤细胞浸润深度3.5 mm,宽度2.5 mm,2例均伴CIN3.2例均随访1年,无异常发现.结论 子宫颈腺样基底细胞癌常伴有CIN,诊断需与腺样囊腺癌相鉴别.     

卵巢浆黏液性癌4例临床病理分析

目的探讨卵巢浆黏液性癌的临床病理学特征、免疫表型、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析4例卵巢浆黏液性癌的临床资料、病理学特征、免疫表型等,并复习相关文献。结果 4例患者年龄44～57岁,平均49岁。临床表现主要为腹痛或腹胀。肿瘤最大径8～17 cm,平均13 cm。2例为双侧,2例为单侧,均呈囊实性,囊内壁可见乳头状赘生物并含黏稠液体。镜下见肿瘤由浆液性上皮、子宫颈管黏液性上皮及透明细胞混合组成以复杂的乳头为主伴腺样、筛状或实性结构,间质及腺腔内见多量中性粒细胞浸润。免疫表型:肿瘤细胞ER(4/4)、PR(3/4)、CK7(4/4)、PAX8(4/4)、p16(3/4)、vimentin(4/4)、CEA(2/4)均阳性,p53呈突变型阳性,CK20、CDX2、HNF1β、WT-1均阴性。PAS染色及DPAS染色均阳性。TNM/FIGO分期:ⅠA期2例,ⅠB期1例,ⅠC期1例。随访9～42个月,1例术后22个月死亡,3例无复发。结论卵巢浆黏液性癌有其独特临床病理特征,需与卵巢其他上皮性肿瘤鉴别。     

子宫内膜移行细胞癌临床病理学观察

目的观察子宫内膜移行细胞癌（transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium,ETCC）的临床病理特点,探讨其病理诊断、组织发生、生物学行为及预后。方法采用光镜、免疫组化对3例ETCC进行病理观察,并复习相关文献。结果3例ETCC患者均表现为绝经后不规则阴道流血。大体上,肿瘤呈息肉状生长伴浅肌层浸润。镜下,肿瘤表现为乳头状结构,乳头表面覆盖多层异型上皮细胞,中央为纤维血管中心柱,其周围肿瘤细胞呈单层栅栏状排列,乳头表面细胞呈扁平状。乳头内可见腺样结构,部分乳头呈实性团状排列,中央见大片坏死。肿瘤细胞大小相对较一致,核呈圆形、卵圆形,核膜明显,染色质呈空泡状,未见核沟,核中度异型,核分裂象15～20／10HPF。浸润肌层的为分化差的巢状移行细胞成分。除了主要TCC成分外,2例分别混合有透明细胞癌及内膜样型腺癌。免疫组化染色结果示肿瘤细胞CK7＋、CK20-。结论ETCC是一种少见的子宫内膜癌的组织学亚型,形态学上具有尿路移行上皮分化特征,但保持了苗勒管的免疫表型CK7＋／CK20-。诊断ETCC的关键在于认识移行细胞的形态学特征。     

Verrucous carcinoma of the cervix in a case with uterine prolapse

Verrucous carcinoma of the female tract is rare. We present a case involving association of verrucous carcinoma of the cervix with uterine prolapse. A 86-year-old woman was admitted with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. The gynecologic examination revealed the uterine prolapse with a exophytic tumorous mass (3 × 6 × 8 cm) on the cervix. A punch biopsy was taken from the tumor, which revealed coilocytotic and mild dysplastic changes in the squamous epithelium; invasion of the underlying stroma could not be evaluated. A cervical swab was tested for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA using the polymerase chain reaction, and HPV type 31 was detected. The tumorous mass was totally excised. The histopathologic diagnosis was consistent with verrucous carcinoma of the cervix: exophytic lesion was composed of thickened, acanthotic papillary squamous epithelium with mild dysplasia and diffuse parakeratosis, and no obvious invasion was observed. The patient was periodically controlled by pelvic examination and was free of progressive disease at 6 months. The diagnosis and treatment of verrucous carcinoma of the cervix may be difficult in some cases. The presence of HPV type 31 in our case might indicate the possibility that HPV is the etiology of this neoplasm.     

Mixed papillary adenocarcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix

A mixed papillary adenocarcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma (MAcTcc) was discovered in the uterine cervix of a 38-year-old woman. A condylomatous papillary lesion was found in the uterine cervix during a colposcopic study and histopathological examination showed that the tumor was composed of two different neoplastic subtypes. One was an adenocarcinoma (AC) component showing papillary and tubular structure with endocervical and intestinal differentiation; the other was a transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) component showing papillary excrescence mimicking papillary TCC of urothelial origin. To characterize the tumor, an immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins (CK) was performed. The AC component showed immunoreactivities similar to conventional adenocarcinomas: positive immunoreactivity of low-molecular-weight cytokeratins 7, 8 and 19, and negative immunoreactivity of CK20 and high-molecular-weight cytokeratin (34βE12). The lower epithelial layer of the TCC component showed different immunoreactivity, but the superficial epithelial layer had similar immunohistochemical findings to the AC component. These findings indicate that the TCC component had the cellular character of AC rather than that of TCC or squamous cell carcinomas. This is thought to be the first report of a MAcTcc of the uterine cervix.     

Chondrosarcoma‐like metastasis from a poorly differentiated uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma. A unique morphology and diagnostic pitfall in cytology

Rare cases of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma with chondroid differentiation from esophageal primary have been reported but none from the uterine cervix. Given the rarity of this phenomenon and potential diagnostic pitfall, we present this unusual case. The patient is a 25‐year‐old woman who presented with shortness of breath. Computerized tomography (CT) showed several lung and pleural‐based nodules. CT‐guided core biopsy with touch preparations were performed on the pleural‐based nodule. The touch preparations showed large, spindle‐to‐oval shaped cells with pleomorphic nuclei embedded in metachromatic chondroid stroma. The core biopsies also showed predominantly round‐to‐spindle shaped cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli embedded in a cartilaginous matrix. Her past medical history is significant for a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, which on review showed a typical non‐keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma without sarcomatous differentiation. Immunohistochemical stains performed on the pleural‐based mass showed tumor positivity for AE1/AE3, CK5/6, p16, and S‐100. Similar results were seen when the cervical tumor was stained retrospectively. Human papilloma virus (HPV) in situ hybridization performed on both the pleural‐based mass and cervical tumor detected the presence of high‐risk HPV subtypes including 16 and 18. These findings supported a lung metastasis from the prior cervical carcinoma. This case emphasizes that cervical carcinoma can develop mesenchymal (chondrosarcomatous) differentiation in metastasis even in tumors presenting with pure epithelial phenotype. Awareness of this occurrence especially on limited cytology material, knowledge of the prior history and use of ancillary tests are extremely helpful in arriving at the correct diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:750–753. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

涎腺腺泡细胞癌临床病理分析并文献复习

目的：探讨涎腺腺泡细胞癌的临床病理学特点及诊断要点。方法：对1例涎腺腺泡细胞癌进行临床资料、病理形态学及免疫组织化学观察,并结合文献对其诊断及鉴别诊断进行探讨。结果：镜下瘤细胞胞体宽大,胞浆嗜碱性呈细颗粒状,核圆形瘤细胞生长呈腺泡状或实性片状生长,部分区域呈乳头状改变,免疫组化显示AE1/AE3(+)、CK8/18(+)、CK7(+)、AAT(+)、S-100(+)。结论：涎腺腺泡细胞癌发病率低,但根据其常见的发病部位及特征性的组织形态,结合免疫组织化学方法,有助于其诊断及鉴别诊断。     

乳腺纤维瘤病样梭形细胞癌临床病理分析

目的 探讨乳腺纤维瘤病样梭形细胞癌（fibromatosis-like spindle cell carcinoma,FLSCC）临床病理特征。方法 对3例FLSCC病例进行光镜观察和免疫组化染色[CK、CK（34βE12）、vimentin、SMA、ER、PR、Ki-67、c-erbB-2]。结果 3例均为女性,年龄分别为47、53、56岁,均可触及乳腺肿块。肿瘤境界清楚,但镜下边缘呈浸润性。肿瘤主要是梭形细胞、多边形细胞、少量的管状腺体及鳞上皮巢混合,间质纤维明显增生伴胶原化,细胞成束状排列或散在分布,似纤维瘤病样改变。梭形细胞分化良好,异型性不明显,部分区域细胞较丰富,其间聚集的上皮簇或片状多边形细胞核有轻度异型,可见少数核分裂象。多边形细胞与梭形细胞有移行。病变中亦可见淋巴细胞、浆细胞聚集浸润。上皮细胞、多边形细胞及部分梭形细胞CK（34βE12）、CK（AE1／AE3）阳性,CK阴性的梭形细胞表达vimentin、SMA。3例均行肿块切除,其中1例,术后4个月复发,再行乳腺根治术。结论 乳腺（纤维瘤病样）梭形细胞癌是一种少见的、低度恶性肿瘤,诊断需依赖免疫组化标记并与乳腺其它梭形细胞肿瘤相鉴别。     

Transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium and endometrial carcinoma with transitional cell differentiation: a clinicopathologic study of 5 cases and review of the literature

To date, only 16 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium and endometrial carcinoma with transitional cell differentiation have been reported in the literature. We reviewed the clinicopathologic features of 5 cases of endometrial carcinoma with transitional cell differentiation. The mean age was 68 years, and all patients presented with postmenopausal bleeding. Macroscopically, the tumors were intracavitary and friable. Microscopically, the tumors were composed of tightly packed papillary structures with thin fibrovascular cores, resembling a transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract. One tumor showed exclusively transitional cell differentiation, whereas the remaining 4 neoplasms showed that the transitional cell carcinoma was admixed with a variable proportions of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Four cases were in FIGO stage IB, whereas the remaining tumor infiltrated the uterine cervix (FIGO stage IIB). Immunoreactivity was typical of müllerian derivatives (cytokeratin 7 positive, cytokeratin 20 negative). p16 protein was positive in all cases, but human papillomavirus DNA was not detected in any of the tumors. None of the patients developed local recurrence or distant metastases, even though there are too few cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium reported to make any statistically valid conclusions about response to therapy and prognosis. Transitional cell carcinoma is an unusual variant of endometrial carcinoma, with distinctive histologic and immunophenotypic features. Identification of this variant broadens the morphological spectrum of epithelial neoplasms of the endometrium.     

透明细胞（管状）乳头状肾细胞癌临床病理学分析

目的：探讨透明细胞（管状）乳头状肾细胞癌（clear cell tubulopapillary renal cell carcinoma,CCTPRCC）临床病理学特征。方法：复习2012年至2014年肾细胞癌病理学切片,筛选CCTP-RCC病例。观察CCTP-RCC巨检及镜检特征,行免疫组化染色以及分子遗传学检测。结果：肾细胞癌中CCTP-RCC占2.0%（4/201）。肿瘤平均直径2.8 cm（范围1.2~4.5 cm）。囊性、乳头状、管状以及实性生长方式出现频率分别是100%（4/4）、100%（4/4）、100%（4/4）以及75%（3/4）。4例（100%）细胞轻度异型性。Fuhrman细胞核分级2级3例（75%）,1级1例（25%）。细胞核远离基底膜的细胞占17.5%（范围10%~20%）,其他位置占82.5%（范围80%~90%）。4例（100%）见平滑肌组织,3例（75%）见发育不全血管。3例（75%）T1a,1例（25%）T1b,所有病例均为I期肿瘤。免疫组化CK7 4例（100%）弥漫强阳性;CD10 3例（75%）阴性反应,1例（25%）局灶弱阳性。分子遗传学4例FISH检测17号染色体为二倍体。平均随访时间15.5（3~23）个月,所有病例没有局部复发、淋巴结转移以及远处转移。结论：CCTP-RCC是一种少见的RCC亚型;病理诊断应结合生长方式、细胞学以及间质表现三方面综合分析;典型免疫表型是CK7弥漫强阳性,CD10阴性或局灶阳性。     

肾脏黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌的临床及病理学特点

目的 探讨肾脏黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌的临床病理学特点.方法 分析7例肾脏黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌的临床特点、组织形态及免疫表型特点[CD10、CK7、CK18、CK19、Villin、上皮细胞膜抗原(EMA)、P504S和波形蛋白],并复习相关文献.结果 7例黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌中,男性3例,女性4例,平均年龄48.2岁(39～61岁).均为体检时发现肿瘤,肿瘤最大径平均5.5 cm(4.0～9.0 cm),术后随访18～51个月,得到随访资料的5例均无复发及转移.肿瘤大体切面均为实性、灰白色,无包膜,但与周围肾组织分界清晰.镜下观察肿瘤细胞主要由两种形态构成:均一的由立方细胞构成的紧密排列的小管状结构和梭形细胞成分.两种成分比例或多或少,交错分布,其中5例伴有黏液样基质,3例见到明显的透明细胞区域,1例可见灶状肉瘤样区域,1例见乳头状结构及泡沫细胞.免疫组织化学染色显示,7例肿瘤CK7均呈阳性表达,EMA、CK18和P504S在染色的5例中全部呈阳性表达,CK19在染色的5例中有4例表达,而CD10、Villin和波形蛋白表达差异较大.结论 肾脏黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌是一种低度恶性的多形性肿瘤,组织形态学谱系较宽,不典型的病例可以主要由两种成分之一构成,并缺少黏液,有些病例可见到透明细胞、乳头状结构,少数可见肉瘤样形态及坏死.免疫表型上对于从近曲小管到集合管的标志物均有表达.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of the mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) of the kidney. Methods Seven cases of MTSCC were analyzed by gross examination and light microscopy. Immunostaining was performed to detect the expression of CD10, CK7, CK18, CK19, Villin, EMA, P504S and vimentin. The literature on this tumor was reviewed to discuss the histological features of MTSCC and its clinical behavior. Results Three of 7 cases were male and the other 4 were female. The mean age of the patients was 48.2 years old, with a range from 39 to 61 years. All the patients presented no symptom and their tumors were found by health examination. Tumors averaged 5.5 cm in greatest dimension (range from 4.0 cm to 9.0 cm). The tumors were well-circumscribed without capsules, and the cut surfaces were solid and soft with white-tan color. By light microscopy, tumors were composed of tightly packed, small, elongated tubules with transitions to spindle cell components. Five cases had mucinous stroma. Clear cell clusters, focal sarcomatoid differentiation, papillations and foamy macrophages were seen in several cases. Immunohistochemically, all 7 cases showed positive for CK7, five of 5 cases positive for EMA, CK18 and P504S, four of 5 cases positive for CK19, but heterogeneous for CD10, villin and vimentin expression. No evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases was identified in the 5 patients with follow-up information. Conclusions The mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma is a low-grade and polymorphic neoplasm. The morphology of these tumors may not be uniform with a wide histological spectrum. The tumors can be tubular predominant or spindle cells predominant with scant to abundant mucinous stroma, which coupled with the presence of other unusual features such as clear cells, papillations, foamy macrophages, necrosis and sarcomatoid differentiation. Immunohistochemically, MTSCC can express the markers from the proximal convoluted tubules to collecting tubules.     

CK19、CK20在甲状腺乳头状癌诊断中的应用价值

目的：探讨甲状腺癌中CK19、CK20蛋白的表达，提高甲状腺的诊断与鉴别诊断水平。方法：应用免疫组化染色对70例甲状腺癌（15例经典型乳头状癌、34例滤泡型乳头状癌、3例Warthin乳头状癌、2例透明细胞型乳头状癌、例柱状细胞型乳头癌、15例滤泡性癌），10例甲状腺腺瘤、10例结节性甲状腺肿和5例标本甲状腺炎中CK19、CK20的表达进行观察。结果:CK19在甲状腺疾病中的表达：55例乳头状癌中，53例为中、强阳性，2例为弱阳性；15例滤泡性癌中，13例为阴性、弱阳性，2例为中、强阳性，两者之间差异存在显著性（P＜0．05）。各癌旁滤泡、10例滤泡性腺瘤、10例结节性甲状腺肿的滤泡、5例桥本甲状腺炎也主要为阴性、弱阳性，个别为中等阳性。对CK20的表达，各型甲状腺乳头状癌、滤泡性癌、癌旁滤泡及滤泡状癌和乳头状增生、多灶性分布的甲状腺泡型乳头状癌和各种滤泡性病变有帮助，可提高甲状腺良恶性病变诊断的准确率及鉴别诊断水平。CK20对鉴别诊断的帮助不大。