Ki-67表达与乳腺癌分子分型及临床病理特征的关系

目的：观察不同分子亚型乳腺癌中Ki-67的表达及其与乳腺癌临床病理特征的关系及意义。方法采用免疫组化En-Vision两步法检测245例乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、HER-2及Ki-67的表达,并比较Ki-67表达与乳腺癌临床病理参数的关系。结果不同分子分型乳腺癌中Ki-67的增殖指数差异有统计学意义( P<0．05);有淋巴结转移及肿块较大者中Ki-67增殖指数高于无淋巴结转移及肿块较小者,ER、PR阳性者中Ki-67增殖指数低于ER、PR阴性者,差异有统计学意义;患者按中位年龄50岁进行分组时,≤50岁组与>50岁组的Ki-67增殖指数差异无统计学意义;患者按≤40岁及≥60岁分为年轻组及老年组时,年轻组Ki-67增殖指数明显高于老年组。结论 Ki-67在三阴型乳腺癌、年轻患者、伴腋窝淋巴结转移、肿块较大及ER、PR阴性组中的增殖指数较高。 Ki-67可作为判断乳腺癌预后的重要指标。     

p53,Ki-67及E-钙黏蛋白在三阴性乳腺癌中的表达及预后

目的:探讨p53,Ki-67及E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)在三阴性乳腺癌(triple negative breast cancer,TNBC)组织中的表达及预后的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测52例TNBC和52例非三阴性乳腺癌(non-triple-negative breast cancer,NTNBC)组织中p53,Ki-67及E-cadherin表达情况,观察3个指标与TNBC患者临床病理学特征及预后的关系.结果:TNBC组织中p53,Ki-67及E-cadherin的阳性表达率分别为67.3％,80.8％,26.9％;而在NTNBC组织中为44.2％,61.5％,48.1％(均P＜0.05).在TNBC组织中,p53表达阳性与肿瘤大小、TNM分期及组织学分级有关(均P＜0.05);Ki-67表达阳性与TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关(均P＜0.05);E-cadherin表达阳性与肿瘤大小、TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关(均P＜0.05).在TNBC患者中,p53,Ki-67及E-cadherin表达阳性者与阴性者总体生存率(overall survival,OS)的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Cox回归分析多因素显示:淋巴结转移、p53、Ki-67及E-cadherin表达是影响TNBC患者总体生存率的独立预后因素(均P＜0.05).结论:TNBC组织中,p53、Ki-67高表达,其表达阳性者预后差,E-cadherin低表达,其表达阳性者预后良好.联合检测p53、Ki-67及E-cadherin表达可为TNBC患者的治疗提供新靶点.     

乳腺乳头状瘤病和导管原位癌cyclinD1、p16和Ki-67表达

目的　探讨细胞周期调控因子cyclinD1、p16和Ki 6 7与乳腺乳头状瘤病及导管内癌的相关性及其临床病理意义。方法　通过免疫组化S P法检测轻度乳头状瘤病、重度乳头状瘤病和导管内癌各 4 0例中cyclinD1、p16和Ki 6 7的蛋白表达情况 ,并用 2 0例正常乳腺组织作对照。结果　cyclinD1在轻度、重度乳头状瘤病和导管内癌组中阳性率分别为 2 7 5 %、5 0 0 %、6 0 0 % ,3组间差异有显著性 (χ2 =8 92 9,P <0 0 5 )。p16蛋白表达分别为 80 0 %、5 2 5 %、4 0 0 % ,3组间差异均有显著性 (χ2 =8 6 87,P <0 0 1)。轻度与重度乳头状瘤病组比较均有差异 ,但重度乳头状瘤病与导管内癌组间差异无显著性。Ki 6 7阳性率在 3组间差异有显著性 ,组间两两比较也分别有统计学差异。在各组中 ,Ki 6 7与cyclinD1呈正相关 ,与 p16呈负相关 ,cyclinD1与 p16呈负相关。结论　cyclinD1、p16和Ki 6 7表达异常在乳腺癌发生、发展演进过程中是一种早期事件。重度乳头状瘤病是重要的癌前病变。调节cyclinD1和 p16的平衡可能是癌前病变基因治疗的一条途径     

Expression of mucins (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6) in mucinous carcinoma of the breast: comparison with invasive ductal carcinoma

AIMS: Mucinous carcinoma of the breast usually shows less frequent lymph node metastasis and more favourable outcome compared with invasive ductal carcinoma. The aim of this study is to compare the expression profiles of several mucins in mucinous carcinomas and invasive ductal carcinomas to gain insight into the relationship between the less aggressive biological nature of mucinous carcinoma and the role of mucins. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the expression profiles of MUC1 (membrane-bound mucin) of different glycoforms (from non-glycosylated form to fully glycosylated form), MUC2 (intestinal type secretory mucin), MUC5AC (gastric surface type secretory mucin) and MUC6 (gastric pyloric gland type secretory mucin) in 17 mucinous carcinomas and 46 invasive ductal carcinomas using immunohistochemistry. Various glycoforms of MUC1 were expressed frequently in both mucinous carcinomas (65-100%) and invasive ductal carcinomas (92-100%), although non-glycosylated MUC1 (MUC1/CORE) and fully glycosylated MUC1 (MUC1/HMFG-1) showed significantly lower expression rates in mucinous carcinomas compared with those in invasive ductal carcinomas. The expression rates of MUC2 (94%) and MUC6 (71%) in mucinous carcinomas were significantly higher than those of MUC2 (15%) and MUC6 (15%) in invasive ductal carcinomas. There was no significant difference in the expression rate of MUC5AC in mucinous carcinomas (12%) and that in invasive ductal carcinomas (4%). CONCLUSIONS: The expression rate of MUC1/CORE and MUC1/HMFG-1, which is related to poor prognosis in the gastric and colorectal cancers, is low in mucinous carcinomas. The high expression rate of gel-forming secretory mucins (MUC2 and MUC6) in mucinous carcinoma suggests that high production of these types of mucins may act as a barrier to cancerous extension resulting in their less aggressive biological behaviour.     

Spindle cell carcinoma of the breast: A case report and an immunohistochemical study including p53 and Ki-67 expression

A rare case of spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) of the breast occurring In a 51-yearold Japanese woman Is reported. A firm and well-circumscribed tumor, measuring 9times8.5times8.5 cm, was located on the upper lateral region of the right breast. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of sheets of both malignant spindle cells and poorly differentiated ductal carcinoma containing squamold islands with gradual transition to the spindle cell component. The Immunocyto chemical expression of epithelial markers was recognized in the spindle cells, as well as in the carcinomatous cells. Moreover, the spindle cell component expressed vimentin, α-smooth muscle actln and S-100 protein. Ultrastructurally, in addition to the features of adenocarcinoma, squamous or rnyoeptthelial differentiation was confirmed in the spindle cell component. These findings thus suggest an epithelial origin with squamous differentiations and myoepithellal participation In the genesis of SpCC. In a comparative study, the expression of p53 protein and KI-67 as a proliferation marker In each component of this tumor was also Investigated. The mean p53 labeling index (LI) in both the carcinomatous and spindle cell area was similar, however the mean MIB-1 LI in the spindle cell area was significantly higher than that in the carcinomatous area. The results indicate that p53 over-expression is Involved In the tumorigenesis of both components in the SpCC, and the spindle cell component shows a higher degree of proliferative activity than the carcinomatous component.     

Immunohistochemical study of the relationship between Ki-67 labeling index of proliferating cells of gynecomastia, histological phase and duration of disease

Gynecomastia is a benign proliferative lesion caused by various etiological factors and may result from a relative imbalance between serum estrogen and androgen levels. The histological alterations are similar, and gynecomastia can progress from a florid type to a fibrous type. The Ki-67 labeling index (LI) of gynecomastia specimen was investigated and higher Ki-67 LI was observed in florid and intermediate than in fibrous gynecomastia (P = 0.017). A correlation was found between the duration of disease and Ki-67 LI (P = 0.041): the shorter the duration the higher the Ki-67 LI. Thus, Ki-67 LI seems a useful tool to examine proliferation activity of gynecomastia and can assist in determination of appropriate treatment of gynecomastia with hormonal therapy.     

Prognostic value of Ki-67 proliferating index in triple negative breast carcinomas

The aim of this study was to assess Ki-67 in the triple negative breast cancer group (TNBC) in addition to basal like (BL) immunophenotype, BL morphology and conventional clinicopathologic factors, and to demonstrate their prognostic relevance in this group of tumors.     

浸润性乳腺癌及转移淋巴结中RKIP和Ki-67的表达及意义

目的 探讨RKIP和Ki-67在浸润性乳腺癌及其淋巴结转移灶中的表达及意义.方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测RKIP和Ki-67在52例浸润性乳腺癌及其淋巴结转移灶中的表达情况.结果 乳腺癌淋巴结转移灶与原发灶相比,RKIP表达水平明显下降,两者之间有统计学差异(P<0.01).Ki-67指数在乳腺癌淋巴结转移灶明显高于原发灶(P<0.01);但RKIP与Ki-67之间,无论是原发灶,还是转移灶,都无相关关系(均P>0.05).结论 RKIP具有抑制浸润性乳腺癌转移的作用,属于转移抑制基因;Ki-67可反映乳腺癌的增殖活性及转移和预后,但RKIP的表达对乳腺癌细胞的增殖无明显影响.     

Expression of the hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met pathway is increased at the cancer front in breast carcinoma

Expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-Met (HGF receptor) has been reported in many neoplasms. We investigated coexpression of HGF and c-Met to determine the role of the HGF/c-Met pathway in breast carcinoma, especially at the cancer front. Eighty-eight cases of carcinoma of the breast were studied by immunohistochemistry and by in situ hybridization for HGF and c-Met expression. The staining pattern was termed "front accentuation pattern" when it was most conspicuous at the cancer front. HGF and c-Met proteins were expressed in cancer and stromal cells, with autocrine and paracrine patterns. The front accentuation pattern of c-Met was observed in cancer cells, but not in stromal cells. The front accentuation pattern was not observed in HGF. Coexpression of HGF and c-Met at the cancer front was correlated with histologic grade, reduced patient survival and a high Ki-67 labeling index. Our findings suggest that the HGF/c-Met pathway acts primarily as a mitogen, especially at the cancer front, in a paracrine manner and affects some clinical factors, including patient survival.     

Correlation of two AgNOR counts with Ki-67 labeling index: A study in fine-needle aspirates of lymphoproliferative disorders and breast carcinoma

The Ki-67 antibody binds to nonresting cells where Ki-67 labeling index (KLI) reflects proliferative activity (PA). The argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) counts have been correlated to ploidy and/or PA. Two AgNOR counting methods distinguish ploidy from PA. The first count is the mean AgNOR count (mAgNOR) which correlates with ploidy. The second is the percentage of nuclei with ≥ 5 AgNORs/nucleus (pAgNOR) which reflects PA. To explore this relationship, we separately stained smears of 20 fine-needle aspirates (FNAs) of lymphoproliferative disorders (n = 12) and breast carcinomas (n = 8) for AgNOR and Ki-67. We also double-stained 10 of the smears for both AgNOR and Ki-67. The correlation of pAgNOR counts and KLI was statistically significant (P < 0.0001) whereas it was not between mAgNOR and KLI (P = 0.13). Additionally, using the double stain, the Ki-67 negative cells had an AgNOR granule range of 1-3/ nucleus with a mean of 1.33 (± 1.86 SD). The Ki-67 positive cells showed an AgNOR granule range of 2-12/nucleus with a mean of 4.15 (± 1.02 SD) (P < 0.0002). We thus conclude that pAgNOR is a more reliable indicator of PA than mAgNOR and that four AgNORs/nucleus is an acceptable number differentiating proliferating from resting cells. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

乳腺癌和非癌组织中Syk、survivin和Ki-67的表达及其相关性

目的 探讨乳腺癌和非癌组织中Syk、survivin和Ki-67的表达及其相互关系.方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测52例乳腺浸润性导管癌和39例非癌组织(包括癌旁乳腺组织17例和乳腺纤维腺瘤组织22例)中Syk、survivin和Ki-67的表达.结果 39例非癌组织中Syk均呈阳性表达,而survivin及Ki-67均呈阴性表达.52例乳腺癌组织中,Syk阳性22例(42.3%),survivin阳性36例(69.2%),Ki-67阳性32例(61.5%).乳腺癌中Syk阳性表达率低于非癌组织(χ2=31.01, P＜0.01);乳腺癌中survivin(χ2=41.82,P＜0.01)和Ki-67(χ2=34.37,P＜0.01)阳性表达率均高于非癌组织.相关分析显示,Syk与survivin的表达呈负相关(r=-0.53,P＜0.01);Syk与Ki-67的表达相关系数呈负值(r=-0.22,P=0.12);survivin与Ki-67的表达呈正相关(r=0.33,P＜0.05).结论 Syk可能有抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖和促进其凋亡的功能,提示Syk可能是一种抑癌基因,可作为乳腺癌新的分子标记物.联合检测Syk、survivin和Ki-67在乳腺癌中的表达,有望成为估价乳腺癌生物学行为的参考指标.     

Midkine expression in colorectal tumors: correlation with Ki-67 labeling in sporadic, but not ulcerative colitis-associated ones

Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor encoded by a retinoic acid responsive gene. To investigate the possible contribution of MK to genesis of colorectal carcinomas, an immunohistochemical examination of protein expression was conducted in sporadic and ulcerative colitis (UC)-associated tumors. MK expression significantly differed among normal mucosa, adenomas with low-grade dysplasia (LGD), adenomas with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and invasive adenocarcinomas: MK expression was increased along with tumor progression. UC-associated lesions (regenerative mucosa of UC, UC-associated dysplasia and UC-associated adenocarcinoma) had similar variations. MK expression in UC-associated lesions was significantly higher than in normal mucosa, although there was no significant difference among UC-associated lesions. However, in UC-associated dysplasia, MK expression did not differ between the upper and lower halves, in contrast to adenoma with LGD and HGD, in which MK expression was significantly higher in the upper than lower halves, corresponding to cell proliferative zone. Furthermore, correlations with Ki-67 and single-strand DNA labeling, respectively, reflecting cellular proliferative activity and apoptosis, were noted in sporadic but not UC-associated lesions. These results suggest that MK is involved in genesis/development of sporadic colorectal tumors as well as of UC-associated tumors, but might contribute differently to genesis/development in these two types of tumors.     

Immunohistochemical analysis of bcl-2 and p53 expression in breast carcinomas: their correlation with Ki-67 growth fraction

We examined 59 breast cancers for p53 and bcl-2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. The results were correlated with Ki-67 immunostaining. p53-negativity was noted in 40 cases and the remaining 19 tumours were p53-positive. Thirty-six tumours showed strong expression of bcl-2 and in 23 no staining for this protein was observed. We found statistically significant reverse correlation between expression of p53 and bcl-2 in majority of carcinomas: 31 cases were bcl-2 positive and p53-negative, and 14 tumours were bcl-2-negative and p53-positive. Six carcinomas showed no nuclear staining for Ki-67 and in the remaining 53 the percent of cancer cells positive for Ki-67 ranged from 1 to 60 (mean: 14.6). In these 53 cases we found that bcl-2-positive tumours were characterized by lower proliferation than bcl-2-negative tumours, the mean value of Ki-67 immunostaining being 10.7% and 23.0%, respectively. p53-negative tumours showed lower proliferation than p53-positive tumours: mean Ki-67 index was 10.2% and 23.9%, respectively.We conclude that immunohistochemically detected p53 and bcl-2 proteins show a significant inverse relationship in majority of breast carcinomas and their expression correlates with tumour proliferation (Ki-67 immunostaining).     

乳腺癌Ki-67及PCNA表达的比较研究

目的 研究Ki—67与PCNA两种增殖抗原在乳腺癌组织中的原位表达特点以及二者的差异性问题。方法 采用间接免疫荧光双标法对30例乳腺癌组织切片进行Ki—67及PCNA染色，运用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察，分析细胞核的荧光阳性面积，并对二者进行相关性分析。结果 PCNA的核阳性面积明显大于Ki—67，二者的阳性面积呈正相关。结论 在乳腺癌组织中，PCNA抗原表达较强，几乎涵盖了所有Ki—67的增殖信息。二者对增殖情况的反映各具特点。     

鼻咽癌3D pCASL与Ki-67指数相关性及临床分期价值

目的:探讨鼻咽癌三维动脉自旋标记（3D pCASL）与Ki-67指数的相关性及其对临床分期的价值。方法:收集病理证实的鼻咽癌首诊患者48例,其中36例经免疫组化检测Ki-67指数,并对患者以T、N及临床分期分为低、高级别组。所有患者均行鼻咽部MR平扫及增强和3D-ASL序列扫描,并测量肿瘤实质内的血流图平均值（BFmean）、最小值（BFmin）及最大值（BFmax）,利用秩和检验比较高、低级别组间ASL的3个定量参数的差异。分析3个定量参数与Ki-67之间相关性。结果:T、N及临床分期的高级别组BFmean、BFmax及BFmin值均高于低级别组;Ki-67指数与BFmax显著相关（r=0.408, P=0.014）,具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:3D pCASL作为一种无创的功能磁共振灌注成像,可以评估鼻咽癌的血流灌注信息;BFmax可以评价鼻咽癌的增殖程度,有利于评估鼻咽癌患者预后。     

乳腺癌和非癌组织中DLC1基因及蛋白表达与Ki-67的关系

目的探讨乳腺癌和非癌组织中DLC1表达及其与Ki-67的相互关系。方法应用原位杂交技术和免疫组织化学En-Vision两步法,检测52例乳腺浸润性导管癌和42例非癌组织(包括癌旁乳腺组织20例和乳腺纤维腺瘤22例)中DLC1-mR-NA、DLC1和Ki-67的表达。结果DLC1-mRNA和蛋白在乳腺癌中的阳性率(50%和57.7%)低于非癌乳腺组织(90.5%和92.9%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.518和10.729,P0.01)。DLC1-mRNA与蛋白的表达呈正相关(rs=0.379,P0.01)。Ki-67在乳腺癌中的阳性率为61.5%,而在非癌组织中均呈阴性表达,两者差异有显著统计学意义(χ2=39.186,P0.01)。乳腺癌中DLC1与Ki-67的表达呈负相关(rs=-0.507,P0.01)。结论DLC1-mRNA和蛋白在乳腺癌中呈低表达或缺失,提示其与乳腺癌的发生、发展有关,DLC1有抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖的功能,可作为乳腺癌新的分子标记物。联合检测DLC1和Ki-67在乳腺癌中的表达,有望成为估价乳腺癌生物学行为的参考指标。     

Ki-67 expression in primary breast carcinomas and their axillary lymph node metastases: clinical implications

Proliferative activity of tumour cells assessed by immunohistochemical Ki-67 expression is one of several prognostic indicators in breast cancer. The major objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of Ki-67 proliferative activity in the axillary lymph node metastases and in the matched primary breast carcinoma from 194 patients. There was a statistically significant up-regulation of Ki-67 protein in the metastatic deposit compared to where the primary tumour was found (p = 0.001). A low Ki-67 index in both the primary and the metastatic tumours was a favorable prognostic factor. A high index in both primary and metastatic lesion and an up-regulation from a low index in the primary tumour to a high index in the metastatic deposit represented an unfavorable prognostic factor. Multivariate analysis showed that Ki-67 expression in the metastases was a superior independent prognostic factor of clinical outcomes compared to that in the primary tumours. Ki-67 expression in ≥10% of carcinoma cells in the primary tumours and ≥15% in the nodal metastases seems to be optimal cut-off levels. Ki-67 is of value as an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer.