氟比洛芬酯术前给药对术后芬太尼镇痛的影响

目的 观察氟比洛芬酯术前给药对术后芬太尼镇痛的影响.方法 60例择期行消化道肿瘤手术的患者随机均分为两组,术后行芬太尼静脉自控镇痛(FUCIA).A组术前15 min静注氟比洛芬酯50 mg,镇痛药液中加芬太尼1 mg;B组镇痛药液中加芬太尼1 mg.记录患者术后3、6、12、24 h的VAS、PCA按压次数及不良反应的发生情况.结果 A组术后各时点VAS和24 h内PCA按压次数均明显低于B组(P<0.05).两组不良反应差异无统计学意义.结论 氟比洛芬酯术前给药能加强术后芬太尼的镇痛效果.     

氟比洛芬酯联合吗啡镇痛对胃癌患者术后吗啡用药量及肠功能恢复的影响

目的 观察氟比洛芬酯联合吗啡镇痛对胃癌患者术后吗啡用药量及肠功能恢复的影响.方法 40例择期全麻下行胃癌根治术患者,随机分为氟比洛芬酯组和吗啡组,每组20例,分别于术前0.5 h静注氟比洛芬酯或安慰剂英脱利匹特.术后距第一次给药6 h再次静注氟比洛芬酯或英脱利匹特.两组患者术后均行患者自控静脉镇痛(PCIA).记录两组患者术后12、24、36、48 h的VAS和舒适评分(BCS),记录术后吗啡用量以及术后第一次肛门排气的时间.结果 两组VAS和BCS评分在各相应时间点差异无统计学意义.术后1～12 h氟比洛芬酯组吗啡用量为(16.99±3.51)mg,明显低于吗啡组的(25.09±4.63)mg(P<0.01).氟比洛芬酯组患者术后第一次肛门排气的时间为(69.05±11.20)h,短于吗啡组的(78.05±12.94)h(P<0.05).结论 围术期使用氟比洛芬酯可减少胃癌患者术后静脉镇痛的吗啡用量,促进肠功能恢复.     

氟比洛芬酯注射液对消化道肿瘤手术后炎症细胞因子表达的影响

目的观察氟比洛芬酯注射液用于消化道肿瘤切除手术术后镇痛的临床效果及其对术后细胞因子表达的影响。方法60例上腹部手术患者，随机分为三组，每组20例。M组术后使用吗啡自控静脉内镇痛（PCIA）泵（负荷剂量0．03mg／kg，1mg／次，锁定时间15min，背景剂量为0）；F组，手术结束时静脉注射氟比洛芬酯50mg，术后12，24，36h分别静脉注射氟比洛芬酯50mg，术后采用吗啡PCIA泵，设置同M组；P组，手术开始前30min，静脉注射氟比洛芬酯50mg，术后12、24、36h分别静脉注射氟比洛芬酯50mg，术后采用吗啡PCIA泵，设置同M组。观察6、12、24、36、48h各组静息时视觉模拟评分（VAS）、48h吗啡总用量，并采集麻醉诱导前和切皮后6、12、24h外周静脉血测定血浆细胞因子白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）浓度。结果术后6h，P组VAS明显低于M组。术后12h，P组及F组VAS均明显低于M组。此外，M组术后48h吗啡总用量明显多于P组及F组。三组患者术前IL-6、IL-10几乎不可测列，切皮后6h，三组血浆IL-10均达峰值，但M组明显低于P组及F组。切皮后12h三组IL-6达峰值，其中M组明显高于P组及F组，24hM组仍明显高于P组。结论术前预给予氟比洛芬酯注射液能更好的控制消化道肿瘤切除术术后的重度疼痛，并明显减少吗啡用量，此外还能明显减少术后炎症细胞因子IL-6生成，促进抗炎因子IL-10的释放。     

氟比洛酚酯超前镇痛对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后镇痛效果的影响

目的 观察氟比洛酚酯超前镇痛对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后镇痛效果的影响。方法 选择ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者60例,随机均分为氟比洛酚酯超前镇痛组（A组）、氯诺昔康超前镇痛组（B组）和氟比洛酚酯术后镇痛组（C组）。A组于气管插管前静注氟比洛酚酯50mg;B组于气管插管前静注氯诺昔康8mg;C组于手术结束时静注氟比洛酚酯50mg。用视觉模拟评分（VAS）评定术后0、1、4、8和12h的疼痛程度及术后24h总体镇痛评价。记录患者追加镇痛药和出现不良反应的情况。结果 除12h外术后VAS各时点C组均高于A、B组,术后0hVASB组显著高于A组（P〈0．05）;术后24h总体VASC组高于A、B组（P〈0．05）,A与B组差异无统计意义。三组均未见明显不良反应。结论 氟比洛酚酯超前镇痛应用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术后镇痛,效果确切、使用方便、不良反应小。     

Postoperative analgesic effect of preoperative intravenous flurbiprofen in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair

Purpose

This study was carried out to evaluate the postoperative analgesic effects of preoperative intravenous flurbiprofen in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair under general anesthesia.

Methods

We studied 44 patients who underwent an elective arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in a prospective, randomized, and double-blind fashion. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A (n = 22) received lipid emulsion 0.1 ml·kg^?1 as a placebo, and group B (n = 22) received flurbiprofen 1 mg·kg^?1 before the surgery. Intralipid or flurbiprofen was given intravenously 5 min before the surgery. General anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and nitrous oxide, and 10 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine was administered intraarticularly at the end of the surgery. Postoperative analgesia was supplied with intravenous 0.1 mg buprenorphine according to the patient’s demand. The effectiveness of flurbiprofen’s analgesic effect was measured by a visual analog scale (VAS) and by the amount of buprenorphine consumption at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after the surgery. Time to the first analgesic was also recorded.

Results

VAS in group B was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than that in group A during the first 6 h postoperatively. The amount of buprenorphine consumption in group B was also significantly (P < 0.01) less than that in group A within the first 2 h postoperatively. The time to first analgesic request in group B was significantly (P < 0.01) longer than that in group A.

Conclusion

These results show that preoperative intravenous flurbiprofen facilitates the analgesic effect in the early postoperative period after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.     

氟比洛芬酯与曲马多用于子宫动脉栓塞下刮宫术后镇痛效果的观察

目的观察氟比洛芬酯和曲马多用于因子宫瘢痕妊娠行子宫动脉栓塞下刮宫术后患者静脉自控镇痛的效果。方法子宫瘢痕妊娠患者54例,拟行子宫动脉栓塞下刮宫术,随机均分为三组:F组(氟比洛芬酯),负荷量1mg/kg,按压剂量5mg,输注剂量7.5mg/h;T组(曲马多),负荷量1mg/kg,按压剂量10mg,输注剂量15mg/h;C组(生理盐水),负荷量5ml,按压剂量2ml,输注剂量3ml/h;记录刮宫术前和苏醒后1、4、8、12、24h的HR、MAP、VAS评分、24h内按压次数和恶心呕吐。结果各时点HR、MAP、VAS评分和按压次数F组和T组比较差异无统计学意义,但与C组比较,F、T组HR减慢,MAP降低(P<0.05),按压次数和VAS评分均显著降低(P<0.01)。三组间恶心呕吐发生率差异无统计学意义。结论氟比洛芬酯与曲马多用于子宫动脉栓塞下刮宫术后镇痛效果良好。     

Flurbiprofen axetil provides a prophylactic benefit against mesenteric traction syndrome associated with remifentanil infusion during laparotomy

Purpose

Mesenteric traction syndrome (MTS) is caused by PGI₂ release during abdominal procedures and is often observed during abdominal surgery. We have demonstrated that MTS occurs more frequently in cases using remifentanil than in those that are not. The aim of this study was to assess the prophylactic benefit of flurbiprofen axetil on MTS in patients undergoing abdominal surgery using remifentanil.

Methods

Thirty ASA physical status I and II patients were enrolled. They were scheduled to undergo abdominal surgery under general anesthesia with remifentanil and were randomly assigned to receive flurbiprofen axetil (group F) or saline (group C) preoperatively (n?=?15 each). MTS was defined according to our simplified diagnostic criteria. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded, and the plasma 6-keto-PGF_1α (a stable metabolite of PGI₂) concentration was measured just before skin incision and at 20 and 60?min after skin incision (T₀, T₂₀, T₆₀) to confirm the diagnosis of MTS.

Results

Twelve of 15 (80%) patients developed MTS in group C, whereas only 1 of 15 (6.7%) patients in group F developed MTS. At T₂₀, the group C patients showed significantly lower arterial blood pressure (P?P?1α concentration was significantly elevated in group C at T₂₀ (P?1α level remained low throughout the observation period in group F.

Conclusions

We found that preoperative administration of flurbiprofen axetil reduced the incidence of MTS during abdominal surgery with remifentanil analgesia.     

曲马多联合氟比洛芬酯用于剖宫产术后镇痛及防治寒战的疗效观察

[摘要]目的比较剖宫产术后患者自控静脉镇痛（patientcontrolledintravenousanalgesia。PCIA）中曲马多与芬太尼分别联合氟比洛芬酯的镇痛及防治寒战的效果。方法选择剖宫产术后行PCIA患者60例,随机均分为两组,每组各30例。氟曲组关腹前给予氟比洛芬酯50mg,术后镇痛给予曲马多400mg、氟比洛芬酯150mg和托烷司琼5mg溶于生理盐水100ml中。氟芬组关腹前给予氟比洛芬酯50mg,术后镇痛给予芬太尼0．3mg、氟比洛芬酯150mg和托烷司琼5mg溶于生理盐水100ml中。两组PCIA泵的设置：维持量2ml／h,单次负荷剂量0．5ml,锁定时间15min。观察两组术毕给药后12、24、48h的视觉模拟评分（visualanaloguescale,VAS）和寒战发生率。结果两组术后12、24、48h的VAS评分差异无显著意义（P〉0．05）。氟曲组寒战发生率为3．33％（1／30）,低于氟芬组的26．67％（8／30）,差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论曲马多联合氟比洛芬酯用于剖宫产术后PCIA的镇痛效果确切,与芬太尼联合氟比洛芬酯相似,且寒战发生率降低,值得在临床推广应用。     

Postoperative patientcontrolled epidural analgesia with opioid bupivacaine mixtures

Purpose

To determine the efficacy and safety of patient-controlled epidural analgesia of morphine or fentanyl in combination with bupivacaine for postoperative pain relief.

Methods p]Forty ASA 1–11 patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery were studied. After insertion of a lumbar epidural catheter, patients were given a non-opioid general anaesthetic. After surgery patients complaining of pain, received a loading dose of 2 mg morphine (Group I) or 50 μg fentanyl (Group II). For continuing pain, 1 mg morphine in 4 ml bupivacaine 0.125% (0.25 mg·ml^?1 morphine and 1 mg·ml^?1 bupivacaine, Group I) or 20 μg fentanyl in 4 ml bupivacaine 0.125% (5 μg·ml^?1 fentanyl and 1 mg·ml^?1 bupivacaine Group II) were administered. Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and SpO₂ were monitored. Assessments of pain (VAS), nausea-vomiting, motor block, pruritus and sedation were recorded for 24 hr.

Results

No difference in pain or sedation was observed between groups, The 24 hr postoperative opioid consumption was 15.50 ± 7.53 mg morphine and 555.10 ± 183.85μg fentanyl. Total bupivacaine 0.125% consumption was 58.00 ± 30.14 ml in Group I and 101.05 ± 36.77 ml in Group II. One patient in Group II complained of motor weakness in one leg. The incidence of nausea (Group I 45%, Group II 10%P < 0.05) and pruritus (Group I 30%, Group II 5%P < 0.05) was less in patients receiving fentanyl. Conclusion: Both methods were effective in the prevention of pain but, because of fewer side effects, fentanyl may be preferable to morphine.     

氟比洛芬酯联合髂筋膜间隙阻滞对全髋关节置换术后炎症反应及疼痛的影响

目的探讨氟比洛芬酯联合髂筋膜间隙阻滞对全髋关节置换术后炎症反应及疼痛的影响。方法选取2016年3月至2018年9月在郑州市第三人民医院骨科择期行全髋关节置换术患者168例,随机分为氟比洛芬酯组(56例)、阻滞组(56例)和联合组(56例)。氟比洛芬酯组患者于麻醉诱导前5 min静脉注射氟比洛芬酯,术毕行经静脉患者自控镇痛(PCIA)(氟比洛芬酯、舒芬太尼、昂丹司琼和生理盐水混合液),持续用药48 h。阻滞组术前行髂筋膜间隙阻滞,术后留置导管与自控镇痛泵连接(舒芬太尼、昂丹司琼及生理盐水混合液),持续用药48 h。联合组患者接受髂筋膜间隙阻滞方法同阻滞组,术毕行PCIA,方法同氟比洛芬酯组。评价指标包括:术后6 h(T 1)、12 h(T 2)、24 h(T 3)、48 h(T 4)和72 h(T 5)时患者静息状态的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)及T 3、T 4和T 5时活动状态的VAS评分。T 4和T 5时患者肌力评级及睡眠质量评分。术前(T 0)、T 3、T 4和T 5时患者血浆白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平。各组患者不良事件发生情况。结果联合组患者T 2、T 3、T 4和T 5时静息状态VAS评分及T 4和T 5时活动状态VAS评分均低于阻滞组和氟比洛芬酯组,且阻滞组低于氟比洛芬酯组(P均<0.05)。联合组患者T 3、T 4和T 5时血浆IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平均低于阻滞组和氟比洛芬酯组,且阻滞组低于氟比洛芬酯组(P均<0.05)。联合组和阻滞组患者恶心呕吐、嗜睡和排尿困难发生率均低于氟比洛芬酯组(P均<0.05)。结论氟比洛芬酯联合髂筋膜间隙阻滞应用于全髋关节置换术后镇痛,可降低患者术后VAS评分,改善患者睡眠质量,减轻炎症反应,并减少患者术后不良反应发生。     

Flurbiprofen axetil enhances analgesic effect of fentanyl associated with increase in ��-endorphin levels

Purpose  

To examine the analgesic effect of preoperative administration of flurbiprofen axetil and that of postoperative administration of a combination of flurbiprofen axetil and fentanyl, as well as perioperative plasma β-endorphin (β-EP) levels in patients undergoing esophagectomy.     

帕瑞昔布钠用于颈椎前路手术后镇痛的临床观察

目的 探讨帕瑞昔布钠在颈椎前路手术后镇痛的效果及安全性.方法 选择全身麻醉下骨科颈椎前路手术后患者60例,随机分为3组（每组20例）：A1组（帕瑞昔布钠40 mg静脉推注,q12 h×6次＋自控静脉镇痛泵组）,A2组（帕瑞昔布钠40 mg静脉推注,q 12 h×6次）,B组（单用自控静脉镇痛泵）.记录术后1、6、12、24、48、72 h的VAS疼痛评分和吗啡用量,观察不良反应率.结果 A1、A2组术后72 h内VAS评分和不良反应发生率均优于B组;A1组吗啡使用量少于B组（P〈0.05）;A1与A2组术后72 h内VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但A2组的不良反应发生率低于A1组（P〈0.05）.结论 帕瑞昔布钠具有高效和安全的镇痛特性,对于颈椎前路手术后患者镇痛效果良好.     

The influence of timing of systemic ketamine administration on postoperative morphine consumption

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of timing of systemic ketamine administration on postoperative morphine consumption. DESIGN: Prospective randomized study. SETTING: Operating rooms, postanesthesia care unit, and gynecology service of a university hospital. PATIENTS: Forty-five patients undergoing laparotomy for benign gynecologic pathologies were randomized into 3 groups. INTERVENTIONS: In Group 1, before surgical incision, patients received 0.5 mg/kg ketamine IV, followed by normal saline infusion and normal saline IV at wound closure in group 1 (n = 15). In group 2 (n = 15), patients received 0.5 mg/kg ketamine IV before surgery, followed by ketamine infusion 600 mug . kg(-1) . h(-1), until wound closure and normal saline IV at that time. In the other group (group 3, n = 15), patients received normal saline IV before surgery, followed by saline infusion and then 0.5 mg/kg ketamine IV at wound closure. In the postoperative period, patient-controlled analgesia IV morphine was used for postoperative pain relief. First requested analgesic medication time was recorded. Postoperative pain was assessed by measuring morphine consumption at 0 to 2, 0 to 4, and 0 to 24 hours and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores in response to cough at 2nd, 4th, and 24th hours and during rest at 0 to 2, 0 to 4, and 0 to 24 hours after surgery. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: First requested analgesia was shorter in group 1 than the others (P < .01). Mean VAS pain scores in response to cough at 24th hour in groups 2 and 3 were significantly lower than in group 1 (P < .001 and P < .01, respectively). Mean VAS pain scores during rest at 0 to 24 hours in groups 2 and 3 were significantly lower than in group 1 (P < .01 and P < .05, respectively). Morphine consumption was lower in groups 2 and 3 at 0 to 2 hours (P < .001 and P < .01). Moreover, morphine consumption at 0 to 4 hours in group 2 was significantly lower (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Lower pain scores and morphine consumption in groups 2 and 3 may be related to higher plasma ketamine concentrations caused by the higher doses and later administration. Our findings suggest that a single preoperative dose of ketamine provided less analgesia compared with other dosing regimens that included intraoperative infusions or postoperative administration.     

氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛用于乳腺癌根治术患者的临床观察

目的:探讨氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛对乳腺癌根治术患者术后疼痛以及全麻苏醒期躁动的影响。方法:选择全身麻醉下乳腺癌根治术患者(ASA I～II级)120例,随机分为A组(麻醉诱导完成后立即给予50 mg氟比洛芬酯,切口缝合完成时再给予50 mg),B组(麻醉诱导完成后立即给予100 mg氟比洛芬酯),C组(切口缝合完成时给予100 mg氟比洛芬酯)D组(对照组,切口缝合完成时换等量的生理盐水),每组30例。比较各组患者术后1,3,6,12,24 h的VAS评分,手术结束时与拔管时的心血管反应,以及全麻苏醒躁动情况。结果:3个观察组术后12 h内各时间点VAS评分均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05),其中A组各时间点均明显低于C组(均P<0.05),在1,3 h明显低于B组,而B组在1,3 h明显低于C组(均P<0.05),术后24 h的VAS评分4组间差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);手术结束时4组间平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR)变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但3个观察组患者拔管时的MAP,HR的变化均小于对照组(均P<0.05),其中A组变化最小,其次为B组和C组(均P<0.05),B组明显低于C组(均P<0.05);各组全麻苏醒期躁动发生率分别为:A组13.3%,B组23.3%,C组33.3%,D组43.3%,各组间的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛能有效减轻乳腺癌根治术患者术后早期疼痛程度、心血管反应,以及降低全麻苏醒期躁动的发生率。     

Intraoperative intravenous ketamine in combination with epidural analgesia: postoperative analgesia after renal surgery

We designed this double-blinded, randomized, controlled study to evaluate the effect of small-dose ketamine IV in combination with epidural morphine and bupivacaine on postoperative pain after renal surgery. An epidural catheter was inserted, and the administration of morphine and bupivacaine was started before surgery. Forty patients were assigned to one of two groups (ketamine or control). The ketamine group was administered a ketamine bolus and infusion during surgery. The median visual analog pain scale (VAS) scores at rest were significantly lower in the ketamine group during the first 6 h (P < 0.01). VAS pain scores on coughing were also significantly lower in the ketamine group (P < 0.01). Cumulative postoperative total analgesic consumption was less in the ketamine group on Days 1 and 2 (P < 0.001). The first analgesic demand time was shorter in the control group (9.2 +/- 11.5 min) than in the ketamine group (22.3 +/- 17.1 min) (P < 0.0001). The incidence of nausea and pruritus was more frequent in the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, postoperative analgesia was more effective when spinal cord and brain sensitization were blocked by a combination of epidural morphine/bupivacaine and IV ketamine. IMPLICATIONS: Renal nociception conducted multisegmentally by both the spinal nerves (T10 to L1) and the vagus nerve cannot be blocked by epidural analgesia alone. We demonstrated that IV ketamine had an improved analgesic or opioid-sparing effect when it was combined with epidural bupivacaine and morphine after renal surgery.     

A comparison of caudal morphine given pre- or postsurgery for postoperative analgesia in children

Twenty-eight children (mean age 4.4 years) undergoing elective major upper-abdominal or thoracic surgery were randomly selected to receive caudal morphine 0.07 mg·kg^?1 in saline either before (Group One) or immediately after surgery (Group Two). Caudal morphine injection given prior to surgery significantly prolonged postoperative analgesia when compared to caudal morphine given immediately post-surgery. Ten out of 14 children in Group One required no further analgesia over the next 24 h compared to 3 out of 14 in Group Two. There was no detectable difference in ventilatory frequency or oxygen saturation and no clinically significant respiratory depression was recorded in either group. There was no nausea, vomiting or pruritus postoperatively, which was ascribed to the use of trimeprazine and droperidol premedication, however, 30% of patients required catheterization for urinary retention.     

帕瑞昔布钠复合吗啡与地佐辛复合氟比洛芬酯用于结肠癌患者术后镇痛效果比较

目的比较帕瑞昔布钠复合吗啡与氟比洛芬酯复合地佐辛用于结肠癌手术患者自控静脉镇痛（PCIA）的效果,探讨合适的镇痛方案。 方法选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ择期行结肠癌手术的患者90例,随机分为帕瑞昔布钠组（P组）、地佐辛组（D组）和芬太尼组（F组）,每组各30例。3组患者均采用气管内插管全身麻醉,术后行PCIA。PCIA设置背景剂量2ml/h,按压剂量2ml/次,锁定时间15min。P组于气管插管前静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40mg,并于术后12、24、36、48 h静注帕瑞昔布钠40mg,PCIA使用吗啡20 mg+0.9%氯化钠溶液至100ml;D组于气管插管前静脉注射地佐辛5mg,PCIA使用地佐辛30 mg+氟比洛芬酯200mg+0.9%氯化钠溶液至100 ml;F组PCIA使用芬太尼1.0mg+0.9%氯化钠溶液至100 ml。观察3组患者术后30min（T_30min）、2h（T_2h）、4h（T_4h）、12h（T_12h）、24h（T_24h）、48h（T_48h）VAS镇痛评分、Ramsay镇静评分及不良反应的情况;术后48h记录PCIA泵按压次数及患者总体满意度。 结果P组及D组在T_30min-T_12h时点VAS评分显著低于F组（P﹤0.05）;T_30min-T_4h时点,P组Ramsay评分显著低于D组和F组（P﹤0.05）;术后48h内P组、D组患者头晕发生率显著低于F组（P﹤0.05）。 结论帕瑞昔布钠复合吗啡、地佐辛复合氟比洛芬酯用于结肠癌患者术后的镇痛效果确切,不良反应发生率低。     

氟比洛芬酯对大肠癌患者术后血清IL-2、IL-6的影响

为探讨氟比洛芬酯静脉注射对大肠癌患者术后血清白介素-2（IL-2）、白介素-6（IL-6）的影响,将120例ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级拟行直肠癌根治术的患者随机分为3组,氟比洛芬酯组（F组）、吗啡组（M组）和曲马多组（T组）各40例。3组均以咪达唑仑0．06mg／kg、芬太尼5μg／kg、丙泊酚1.0mg／kg、罗库溴铵1．5mg／kg麻醉诱导后行气管插管,以七氟烷吸入维持麻醉深度（MAC值2．1左右）,术中间断静脉注射顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵维持肌松。于麻醉诱导前10minM组静脉注射吗啡0．1mg／kg,T组静脉注射曲马多1．5mg／kg,F组静脉注射氟比洛芬酯1．5mg／kg。3组分别于术前（T0）、手术结束后3h（T1）、术后1d（T2）和术后3d（T3）取外周静脉血以酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定血清中IL-2、IL-6的浓度。记录患者术后不良反应,包括恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等。结果显示,M组IL-2水平在术后3h开始下降（P〈0．05）,术后1d时下降到更低的水平（P〈0．01）,术后3d时略有回升,但仍然低于麻醉前的水平（P〈0．05）;T组IL-2水平在术后3h与麻醉前比较无差异,术后1d后逐渐升高（P〈0．05）,在术后3d恢复到术前水平（P〉0．05）;F组IL-2水平术后3h明显升高,持续至术后1d,与麻醉前比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）,术后3d后略有下降,但仍高于术前水平（P〈0．05）。3组IL-6血清浓度术后3h全部升高,术后1d达顶峰。T组与F组术后1d血清IL-6浓度与M组相比有统计学差异（P〈0．05）,而F组升高的幅度较T组小（P〈0．01）。术后3d F组与M组血清IL-6浓度相比,仍有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。M组不良反应的发生率显著高于其他两组（P〈0．05）。F组恶心、呕吐的发生率与M组相比有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结果表明,与吗啡和曲马多相比,氟比洛芬酯可更好地促进IL-2的分泌,抑制IL-6的升高,且术后不良反应发生率更低,围手术期镇痛更为安全有效。     

氟比洛芬酯对上腹部手术病人术后镇痛中吗啡用量的节俭作用和安全性

目的 评价氟比洛芬酯对上腹部手术病人术后镇痛中吗啡用量的节俭作用和安全性.方法 采用随机分组、安慰剂对照、双盲和多中心临床研究方法,择期行上腹部手术病人96例,年龄18～64岁,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,随机分为2组(n=48):氟比洛芬酯组和脂肪乳组.静脉注射异丙酚、芬太尼、维库溴铵或罗库溴铵麻醉诱导,吸入N2O和异氟烷,按需追加芬太尼或肌松药维持麻醉.手术结束时,氟比洛芬酯组经2 min静脉注射氟比洛芬酯50mg,脂肪乳组经2 min静脉注射脂肪乳5 ml,2组同时采用吗啡进行病人静脉自控镇痛(PCIA).首剂药物给予后8 h,经2 min静脉注射第二剂药物(氟比洛芬酯或脂肪乳).于术后2、8和24 h时,采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评价静息痛和咳嗽痛的程度.记录因镇痛不足而需使用其他镇痛药作为补救镇痛的情况.记录第1次PCIA的时间、术后24 hPCIA总次数和有效次数;记录术后24 h吗啡用量和给药后不良反应的发生情况.结果 与脂肪乳组比较,氟比洛芬脂组术后各时点静息痛和咳嗽痛VAS评分降低,术后24 h PCIA总次数和有效次数降低,第1次PCIA时间延长,术后24 h吗啡用量减少(P<0.05),其他镇痛药物使用情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).2组不良反应仅表现为恶心和呕吐,且2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 静脉注射氟比洛芬酯50 mg可提高病人术后镇痛效果,减少吗啡用量,且不良反应少,有利于病人的术后恢复.     

不同镇痛方法对老年食管癌患者术后疼痛及早期认知功能的影响

目的探讨不同镇痛方法对老年食管癌患者术后疼痛及认知功能的影响。方法选择拟行左进胸食管癌根治术患者60例,男31例,女29例,年龄65~80岁,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为A、B两组,每组30例。A组:关胸前予以0.375%罗哌卡因行肋间神经阻滞后接静脉镇痛泵,配方为舒芬太尼3μg/kg+氟比洛芬酯100mg,泵速2ml/h,自控镇痛0.5ml/按压,锁定时间15min。B组:关胸前予以舒芬太尼10μg+氟比洛芬酯50mg为负荷量后接静脉镇痛泵,配方同A组。观察两组患者术前1d、术后3、5、7d内简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分,术后苏醒时、苏醒后4、8、12、24、48h视觉模拟疼痛(静息及运动时VAS)评分、BCS舒适评分、术后镇痛泵有效按压次数及术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的发生率。结果与B组比较,A组术后苏醒时、苏醒后4、8、12、24、48h静息及运动时VAS评分均明显降低(P0.05或P0.01);苏醒后4、8、12、24、48h的BCS评分明显升高、有效按压次数明显降低(P0.05);术后3、5、7d的MMSE评分明显升高(P0.05);术后3、5、7d的POCD发生率降低,但差异无统计学意义。结论开胸手术围术期应用肋间神经阻滞复合静脉镇痛可有效缓解患者术后疼痛,降低术后POCD的发生率,提高术后患者舒适度,有利于术后患者的快速康复。