球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的:探讨球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法:自2008年1月～2008年11月采用球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者25例,共31个椎体,手术经两侧椎弓根或椎弓根旁入路扩张球囊使骨折塌陷椎体复位,充填骨水泥(PMMA)。观察术后症状改善及骨折复位情况。结果:25例患者手术均顺利完成,所有患者术后疼痛均明显减轻或消失,并于5～10天内出院,无1例出现并发症,椎体高度较术前明显改善。结论:球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术作为治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的新型微创手术,可有效缓解骨折引起的疼痛,改善功能并恢复椎体高度,矫正脊柱后凸畸形。     

椎体成形术和球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的对比研究

目的对比研究椎体成形术和球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的效果。方法选在2008年1月1日至2008年12月31日1年间的骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者100例,随机平分为A、B2组,A组应用椎体成形术,B组应用球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术,随访1年后对比观察2组患者的效果。结果 A组50例患者中,45例（90.00%）术后胸背部疼痛消失,5例（10.00%）疼痛明显减轻.无一例神经系统并发症发生;B组50例患者中,44例（88.00%）术后胸背部疼痛消失,6例（12.00%）疼痛明显减轻,无一例神经系统并发症发生,2组比较,差别无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,可认为2组治疗方法效果无明显差别并效果均较好。结论椎体成形术和球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折效果均较明显,有一定的临床应用价值。     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折

目的 总结球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效.方法 采用球囊扩张经皮椎体成形成套手术系统,在C臂X线机透视下对压缩椎体进行成形术.结果 球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折16例25个椎体,随访2～6个月,术后6～24 h内疼痛症状明显减轻,术后随访2个月无伤椎椎体高度下降,无邻近椎体再骨折.疼痛强度评价的视觉类比评分VAS术后2 d较术前显著下降(P＜0.01),随访2个月时较术后2 d又有下降.活动能力评分:术后2 d较术前明显改善(P＜0.05),随访2个月时又进一步改善.使用止痛药评分:术后2 d较术前显著改善(P＜0.01),随访2个月时维持术后状况并有进一步好转.结论球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折止痛效果确切,能显著快速且持久地控制症状;并发症发生率低,操作简便,可临床推广应用.     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

目的 观察和分析球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术的初步临床疗效。方法 自2001年2月-2002年6月，采用球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗12例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折，18个患椎，均经两侧椎弓根穿刺灌注骨水泥。结果 所有患者术后疼痛均明显减轻或消失，并于1-10d内出院，无1例出现并发症，椎体高度较术前明显改善。结论 球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术可有效缓解因骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折所引起的疼痛，恢复椎体高度，只要严格按照规程操作，乃是一种安全，有效，简便的治疗方法。     

椎体后凸成形术治疗椎体骨折30例临床观察

目的探讨球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松新鲜椎体骨折的临床疗效.方法观察老年骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折30例37节椎体,均为椎体后壁完整的疼痛性新鲜压缩骨折,无神经症状.在C型臂X线机引导下,经两侧椎弓根穿刺,用特制气囊扩张后,灌注骨水泥人椎体.结果所有患者术后疼痛均明显减轻或消失,3例出现骨水泥侧方渗漏,无严重并发症.少部分椎体高度较术前改善.结论球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术可有效缓解因骨质疏松性新鲜椎体压缩骨折引起的疼痛,部分矫正脊柱后凸,创伤小,是一种安全、有效、简便的方法.     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的护理

目的:总结球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折围手术期的护理。方法:116例胸腰椎体压缩性骨折的老年患者在DSA室局麻下行球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术。术前充分评估患者心理状态,完善术前准备,术后严格监测患者的生命体征,评估患者术后疼痛的程度和双下肢感觉运动功能情况,指导患者康复功能锻炼。结果:球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术后能有效减轻疼痛,运动功能明显改善,未发生护理并发症。结论:骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折围手术期中,细致的护理配合手术治疗,能保证手术的最佳效果。     

经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术的护理体会

目的:探讨经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的术前术后护理要点和疗效。方法:对21例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的患者术前术后护理方法及效果进行回顾总结。结果:所有患者术后2~48 h疼痛明显好转,没有病例发生并发症,优良率100%。结论:对骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折行PKP患者术前术后正确有效的护理,是治疗成功的关键。     

经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年椎体压缩骨折

目的 探讨椎体后凸成形术治疗老年椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效.方法 采用经皮椎弓根穿刺球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年椎体压缩骨折32例48椎,观察对比手术前后疼痛情况及活动能力,评估治疗效果.结果 术后患者疼痛明显减轻,活动能力改善.其中术后1周患者疼痛VAS评分(2.2±0.6)较术前(7.6±0.7)明显下降,(P<0.01);活动能力评分(1.2±0.4)较术前(2.4±0.6)明显改善,(P<0.01).随访时间3～18个月,平均5.6个月.近期效果满意.结论 球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年椎体压缩骨折可以有效缓解疼痛,改善活动能力,提供生活质量,疗效满意,值得推广.     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效分析

目的：分析球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法：经皮椎弓根穿刺于病椎内置入球囊扩张后使塌陷椎体复位,将骨水泥填充物注入球囊扩张后形成的空腔内,恢复病椎的高度及稳定性。结果：本组3例,其中2例术后随访3个半月,1例随访5个月。术后病椎高度恢复满意,后凸畸形矫正明显,患者疼痛明显缓解。结论：球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,损伤小,效果满意,患者可早期活动,是一种简单安全有效的方法。     

经皮椎体后凸成形术与经皮椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的效果对比探讨

目的:探讨老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者应用经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)与经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗后的疗效。方法:采用随机数字表法将我院109例老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者分组,对照组54例应用PVP治疗,观察组55例给予PKP治疗,对比两组患者治疗后椎体压缩率、Cobb角改善情况、疼痛评分、生活质量及安全性。结果:观察组术后1、6个月Cobb角、椎体压缩率、VAS评分均低于对照组,SF-36评分高于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:PKP术能够更为有效减轻骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者疼痛,恢复脊柱序列,提升患者生活质量,安全性高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.