共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
Gerard J. Linden Mike Stevenson F. J. Trevor Burke 《Journal of clinical periodontology》1999,26(9):590-595
This study investigated the periodontal referral patterns of general dental practitioners (GDPs) in Northern Ireland (NI) and North West England (NWE). A questionnaire dealing with periodontal referral was sent to all 520 GDPs registered in NI and to 274 GDPs in NWE. A usable return was made by 355 (68%) in NI and 189 (70%) in NWE. The NI dentists made significantly more periodontal referrals (median 5, range 0-80) in the year preceding the survey than those in NWE (median 2, range 0-50), p<0.001. Distance was the only factor significantly related to the referral rate in both regions with those who practised more than 25 miles from a specialist referring significantly fewer patients in both regions. In NI, there was a trend towards increased periodontal referral by GDPs who had attended more postgraduate courses; however, in NWE, this was not the case. The GDPs in NWE were significantly less likely than those in NI to refer patients with medical conditions. It is concluded that there is considerable variation in periodontal referral both within and between the 2 regions studied. It is further concluded that in many cases, non-disease factors, such as the accessibility of the specialist service, have powerful effects on the decisions made by dentists and patients in these regions (NI and NWE) in relation to periodontal referral. Much of the variance in referral in North West England, as in Northern Ireland, remains unexplained. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
P Borja de Guzman 《Boletiń de información dental》1972,32(243):43-50
6.
7.
Osteoplastic operations on the jaws were carried out in 19 patients aged 14-64 under moradol anesthesia. The mean length of the operation was 3 hours. The authors come to a conclusion that moradol in a dose of 0.3 mg/kg b. w. ensures adequate anesthesia, with a high level of analgesia persisting in the immediate postoperative period. 相似文献
8.
目的:了解云南省5岁儿童乳牙龋齿患病情况。方法:随机抽取云南省三个城市三个农村的2132名5岁常住儿童,采用第二次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准调查龋齿患病情况。结果:云南省5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为75.75%,龋均为4.44,充填率仅为6.57%,仅占构成比的4.39%。结论:云南省5岁儿童乳牙龋齿患病率高,充填率低。儿童龋病防治应注重两个方面:1.加强对家长和教师的幼儿口腔卫生保健知识及方法的宣传。 相似文献
9.
Changes in cyclooxygenase metabolities in experimental periodontitis in Macaca mulatta 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. Offenbacher B. M. Odle L. D. Braswell H. G. Johnson C. M. Hall H. McClure J. L. Orkin E. A. Strobert M. D. Green 《Journal of periodontal research》1989,24(1):63-74
The four principal metabolites of cyclooxygenase (CO) were examined during the progression of experimental periodontitis in the rhesus monkey Macaca mulatta. Thirty-two monkeys were divided in four disease-matched groups. Three groups were treated with flurbiprofen, a potent CO inhibitor, at either 0.027, 0.27 or 7.1 mg/kg/day delivered systemically by a subcutaneously-implanted osmotic mini-pump. We have previously described the findings indicating that flurbiprofen treatment significantly retarded clinical attachment loss (ALOSS), redness and radiographic bone loss (BLOSS). This investigation focuses on the changes in CO metabolites which occur during disease progression of ligature-induced periodontitis and on the dose-response relationship of flurbiprofen, as it relates to disease inhibition and the suppression of ARA metabolites within the crevicular fluid (CF). In untreated animals there was a statistically significant 3-fold increase in CF levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) at 3 months, as compared to baseline, which positively correlated with increases in redness, bleeding, ALOSS and BLOSS. CF-PGE2 and TxB2 levels reached a 6-fold peak at 6 months and returned to baseline by 12 months. Flurbiprofen (Fb) prevented the 3-month rise in TxB2, but did not affect the increase in PGE2. At 6 months, Fb administration caused a dose-dependent inhibition of both PGE2 and TxB2. Probit analysis of the dose-response data revealed that the concentration of Fb which caused a 50% inhibition of CF-TxB2 level (the IC50 value for TxB2 synthesis) was approximately two logs lower than the IC50 value for PGE2 synthesis, i.e. TxA2-IC50 = 0.013 vs. PGE2-IC50 = 1.35 mg flurbiprofen/kg/d. The slopes of the PGE2 and TxB2 inhibition curves were identical, consistent with a similar mechanism or singular enzyme for the site of action of Fb inhibition of CO activity. However, the kinetics and sensitivity of Fb inhibition were significantly different for the CO activity responsible for TxB2 and PGE2 synthesis, perhaps due to different compartmentalization of CO within different cell types. 相似文献
10.
LARS VESTERGAARD CHRISTENSEN 《Journal of oral rehabilitation》1978,5(1):23-27
Three human subjects performed tooth grinding for 25 min, and after 20 h biopsies of the right and left masseter muscles were examined for their contents of mast cells. In comparison with specimens from a control group of three subjects, there was an increase of degranulating mast cells in muscles that had performed bruxism. 相似文献
11.
12.
This cross-sectional study analyzed age-related changes in normal and abnormal measurements of the head and face in three age categories in 115 Down's syndrome patients 1 to 36 years old. The frequency of normal measurements significantly surpassed that of abnormal ones in each category. Clinically, the key task was to ascertain differences between the youngest and oldest patients. In age group 1 (1 to 5 years), normal measurements in three of the six craniofacial regions were significantly more frequent than abnormal ones. In age group 2 (6 to 15 years) the percentage of normal measurements significantly increased, influenced by higher growth rates in the period of maturation, which coincided with this category. In age group 3 (16 to 36 years) the percentage of normal measurements significantly increased in the head and ear but decreased in the other regions, significantly in the orbits. The frequency of both optimal and severely abnormal measurements changed significantly from age group 1 to 3 in only five measurements each, with no consistency in the direction of results. Abnormal measurements qualified as stigmata and were recorded in 40% (10 of 25) in five regions: three in the face; two in each of the head, orbits, and ears; and one in the nose. Marked epicanthi covering the endocanthion decreased from 35.0% in age group 1 to 8.7% in group 3. In age group 1, the frequency of normal body height (20.7%) in both sexes was significantly less than subnormal (70.3%) but significantly decreased in age group 2. Mean height in group 3 was enough to rule out short stature as a stigmata of Down's syndrome. The study was limited by small numbers, particularly in the variations of normal and abnormal, but the trend toward normality after maturation suggests that reconstructive surgery should be delayed until this time. 相似文献
13.
Human Herpesviridae in acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in children in Nigeria 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A. Contreras W.A. Falkler Jr C.O. Enwonwu E.O. Idigbe K.O. Savage M.B. Afolabi D. Onwujekwe T. E. Rams J. Slots 《Oral microbiology and immunology》1997,12(5):259-265
Herpesviruses have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human periodontitis. The present study investigated whether herpeasviruses are present in the lesions of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. Sixty-two Nigerian children, aged 3–14 years, were studied. Twenty-two children had acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and were also malnourished, 20 exhibited no acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis but were malnourished, and 20 were free of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and in a good nutritional state. Polymerase chain reaction methods were used to determine the presence of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein-Barr virus type 1 and type 2 (EBV-1, EBV-2), herpes simplex virus (HSV), human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6), human papilloma virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in crevicular fluid specimens collected by paper points. Of the 22 acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis patients, 15 (68%) revealed viral infection and 8 (36%) viral coinfection. Thirteen (59%) acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis patients demonstrated HCMV, 6 (27%) EBV-1, 5 (23%) HSV and 1 (5%) HHV-6. Only 2 (10%) subjects from each group not affected by acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis showed viral presence, and no control subject revealed viral coinfection. These findings suggest that HCMV and possibly other herpesviruses contribute to the onset and/or progression of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in malnourished Nigerian children. 相似文献
14.
15.
Celeste RK, Nadanovsky P, Fritzell J. Trends in socioeconomic disparities in oral health in Brazil and Sweden. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 204–212. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Objectives: To describe the dynamics of trends in socioeconomic disparities in oral health in Brazil and Sweden among adults, to assess whether trends follow expected patterns according to the inverse equity hypothesis. Methods: In Sweden, we obtained nationally representative data for the years 1968, 1974, 1981, 1991 and 2000, and in Brazil, for 16 state capitals in 1986 and in 2002. Trends in the prevalence of ‘edentulism’ and of ‘teeth in good conditions’ were described in two groups aged 35–44 with lower and higher economic standards, respectively. Results: There was an annual decline in disparities in ‘edentulism’ of 0.4 percentage points (pp) (95% CI = 0.2–0.7) in Brazil and 0.7pp (95% CI = 0.5–0.9) in Sweden, as a result of improvements in both income groups. Concerning ‘teeth in good conditions’, in Brazil, there was improvement only in the higher income group and absolute disparities have increased (0.5pp annually), while in Sweden, there was a nonsignificant decrease (0.3pp annually) with improvements in both groups. Since 1991 in Sweden and in 2002 in Brazil, our measures of socioeconomic disparities in ‘edentulism’ were not statistically significant. Trends did not differ by sex or dental visit. Conclusions: Despite improvements in both income groups and a decrease in disparities in ‘edentulism’, the poorer group in Brazil has seen no improvement in ‘teeth in good conditions’ and disparities have increased. It appears that Brazil and Sweden reflect different stages of trend for ‘teeth in good conditions’ and the same stages for ‘edentulism’, represented by the inverse equity hypothesis. 相似文献
16.
17.
Gingival sulcular leukocytes in periodontitis and in experimental gingivitis in humans 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Carlos Thurre Marc Robert Giorgio Cimasoni Pierre Baehni 《Journal of periodontal research》1984,19(5):457-468
Leukocytes may play an important defensive role against plaque microorganisms in the periodontium. The aim of the present study was to characterize some functional and morphological aspects of sulcular leukocytes in periodontitis and in experimental gingivitis in humans. In a cross-sectional study, cells were collected from periodontal pockets or from gingivitis (control) sites of patients with periodontitis. In a longitudinal study, cells were obtained from experimental or from control sites during a split-mouth experimental gingivitis. Leukocytes were examined for cell numbers, viability, phagocytic function, and morphology.
The cell numbers in periodontal pockets were higher than in control sites but the cell viability had a tendency to decrease. A significant decrease was also observed in the percent of leukocytes capable of phagocytizing Candida albicans in vitro in periodontitis sites compared to gingivitis sites. In the experimental gingivitis, the cell numbers showed a significant increase from day 0 to day 21 of the non-brushing period in the experimental sites when compared to the control sites. However, the cell viability did not vary significantly between the experimental and the control sites during the experimental period. No significant variations were observed in the leukocyte in vitro phagocytic function during the same period. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes collected from the sulcus presenting different clinical situations showed various degrees of phagocytosis, loss of lysosomes, and cell lysis, but no correlation could be established between these observations and the clinical status. 相似文献
The cell numbers in periodontal pockets were higher than in control sites but the cell viability had a tendency to decrease. A significant decrease was also observed in the percent of leukocytes capable of phagocytizing Candida albicans in vitro in periodontitis sites compared to gingivitis sites. In the experimental gingivitis, the cell numbers showed a significant increase from day 0 to day 21 of the non-brushing period in the experimental sites when compared to the control sites. However, the cell viability did not vary significantly between the experimental and the control sites during the experimental period. No significant variations were observed in the leukocyte in vitro phagocytic function during the same period. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes collected from the sulcus presenting different clinical situations showed various degrees of phagocytosis, loss of lysosomes, and cell lysis, but no correlation could be established between these observations and the clinical status. 相似文献
18.
19.