低场MRI对膝关节隐匿性骨折的诊断价值

目的:探讨膝关节隐匿性骨折的低场MRI表现特点,评价MRI检查的诊断价值.方法:常规DR及MSCT检查骨质未见明显异常患者126例,膝关节外伤一至三周内行MRI检查,检查序列包括T1WI、T2WI和STIR.结果:126例中共152处膝部隐匿性骨折.T1WI呈不规则、边缘模糊的片状低信号,T2WI呈略高信号,STIR呈明显高信号,可伴有线样异常信号.常伴有韧带等软组织损伤.结论:低场MRI是检查膝关节隐匿性骨折的较佳影像学方法,可减少或避免误诊和漏诊,STIR序列最为敏感.     

MRI STIR序列在四肢关节隐匿性骨折中的诊断价值

目的探讨MRISTIR序列在四肢关节隐匿性骨折诊断中的应用价值。方法收集四肢关节隐匿性骨折患者19例行MRI常规SE序列T1WI及T2WI、FFE和STIR-T2WI多序列检查,比较各序列显示隐匿性骨折的差异。结果本组19例隐匿性骨折患者MRI主要表现及检出率分别为：SE序列T1WI检出线样低信号骨折线11例（57.8%）,小片状低信号骨挫伤12例（63.1%）;T2WI检出稍低信号骨折线4例（21.1%）,小片状等高信号骨挫伤1例（5%）;FFE序列检出模糊稍高线样骨折6例（31.5%）,模糊稍高信号小片状影2例（10.5%）,STIR序列检出线样高信号影16例（84.2%）,小片状高信号影19例（100%）。骨挫伤骨髓水肿检出率STIR序列高于SET1WI,SET1WI高于T2WI、FFE系列。结论磁共振STIR序列对四肢关节隐匿性骨折的诊断敏感性较高,特别易于显示以骨挫伤为主要表现的Ⅰ型隐匿性骨折,是明确诊断的最佳序列。     

MR在脊椎新旧骨折鉴别诊断中的作用

目的探讨MR在脊椎新旧骨折鉴别诊断中的意义。方法对137例脊椎骨折的病人进行MR多序列扫描,与临床和司法认可相对照,总结新旧骨折在各序列中的表现。结果137例中177个椎体骨折,其中141个椎体是新鲜骨折,36个椎体是陈旧性骨折。新鲜骨折典型表现:骨折线T1WI呈稍低信号,T2WI呈高信号。周围骨髓水肿呈T1WI稍低信号,T2WI呈稍高信号,可伴有软组织肿胀、椎间盘及脊髓损伤。陈旧性骨折典型表现T1WI和T2WI椎体信号与正常椎体一致,或骨折线T1WI及T2WI呈低信号,T2WI脂肪抑制序列呈低信号。结论MR多序列扫描可以做出脊椎骨折是新鲜骨折或陈旧骨折的诊断,使司法鉴定更加公正、合理、合法。     

MRI在膝关节隐匿骨折中的诊断价值

目的：探讨MRI对膝关节隐匿骨折的诊断价值，特别是其MRI的信号特征。方法：使用日立MRP—7000AD(0，3T)水磁型共振仪，分析39例膝关节隐匿骨折的MRI信号特征。结果：常规扫描显示34例，表现为骨髓腔内TlWI低信号，STIR，T2WI高信号；5例微小损伤在反相位GET2WI清晰显示，表现为外周低信号带，中间等、高信号病灶。结论：MRI能清晰显示膝关节骨损伤的范围和程度，应作为膝关节不典型损伤的首选检查方法，在膝关节隐匿骨折的诊断中具有重要诊断价值。     

不同序列磁共振成像诊断脊柱损伤的临床价值对比

目的探究不同序列磁共振成像诊断脊柱损伤的临床价值。方法将2013年1月至2017年12月在本院接受治疗的80例急性脊柱损伤患者作为研究对象,对所有患者分别给予T_1WI、T_2WI、STIR以及DWI序列实施MRI检查,对不同序列诊断脊柱损伤的价值进行综合评价。结果经过不同序列磁共振成像,STIR显示损伤椎体内片状高信号135枚;T_1WI显示有102枚椎体内条状、片状低信号;T_2WI显示有97枚为椎体内条状、片状高信号;DWI显示有78枚为椎体内片状高信号、34枚条状高信号以及37枚等信号;37例患者存在脊髓损伤,其中颈段22处,胸段7处,圆锥8处;椎体骨折ADC值显著高于正常椎体,脊髓损伤ADC值显著低于正常脊髓(P0.05),统计学有意义;STIR序列诊断椎体骨折显著优于T_1WI、T_2WI以及DWI(P0.05),T_2WI、STIR及DWI序列诊断脊髓损伤显著优于T_1WI(P0.05),统计学有意义。结论诊断急性脊柱损伤可首选STIR扫描序列,DWI可作为辅助序列,具有较高诊断价值。     

椎体隐匿性骨折CT及MRI表现的对比分析

目的探讨CT及MRI检查在椎体隐匿性骨折诊断中的作用。方法回顾67例椎体隐匿性骨折的CT及MRI表现,并进行对比分析。结果67例中共73个椎体骨折。CT诊断51个椎体骨折,表现为椎体骨皮质断裂、皱褶,椎体缘小骨折片,骨小梁断裂;22个椎体未见异常。MRI显示73个椎体内均见异常信号,表现为片状或水平线条状T1WI低信号、T2WI不均匀高、低、混杂信号,椎体形态未见异常。结论 CT及MRI检查是诊断椎体隐匿性骨折的有效方法,但阳性率CT（69.8%）低于MRI（100%）,当CT检查未见异常时,应进行MRI检查。     

MRI在膝关节外伤性骨挫伤中的诊断价值

目的 评价MRI在膝关节外伤性骨挫伤中的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析60例膝关节急性外伤,X线片显示阴性而MRI诊断骨挫伤患者的影像学表现.MRI检查时间为伤后1～7天,采用膝关节专用线圈,行FSE序列T1WI、T2WI、STIR的斜矢状位及脂肪抑制PDWI的冠状位扫描,层厚3.5mm,层间距0.5 mm.结果 骨挫伤在T1Wl序列上呈低或稍低信号,在T2WI、PDWI及STIR序列上呈高信号.60例病例中合并附属结构损伤43例,合并关节腔和/或髌上囊积液53例.结论 MRI可以准确显示膝关节骨挫伤的部位和范围以及附属结构的损伤,对临床诊断和治疗具有重要意义.     

核磁共振对产后骶髂关节炎的诊断价值

目的探讨核磁共振(MRI)在产后骶髂关节炎诊断中的价值。方法回顾分析17例产后骶髂关节痛的MRI的影像学表现。17例双侧骶髂关节T1WI、T2WI、STIR序列扫描。结果 17例均为单侧骶髂关节受累,15例关节旁骨髓T1WI低信号、T2WI、STIR高信号;10例T1WI滑膜部关节软骨内出现混杂信号;13例T1WI、T2WI骨板信号增高;10例关节囊及附着点、周围软组织STIR呈高信号。结论结合病史及MRI影像改变,MRI能对产后骶髂关节炎做出早期诊断。     

膝关节损伤的MRI诊断及其临床价值

目的：探讨MRI对膝关节损伤的诊断及临床应用价值。方法：回顾性分析266例膝关节损伤的MRI资料，男182例，女84例，年龄16～56岁，平均38岁。其中车祸损伤144例，运动损伤68例，其他54例。损伤类型，骨折31例，骨挫伤106例，软骨骨折11例，半月板损伤224例，韧带损伤198例，关节积液212例。结果：31例骨折表现为线状长T1长T2信号影；106例骨挫伤表现为斑片状等或长T1WI、等或长，T2WI信号，STIR序列呈高信号，边界不清；11例软骨骨折表现为软骨信号连续中断或凹陷，出现异常信号；224例半月板损伤表现为半月板低信号影内出现不同形状高信号灶；198例韧带损伤表现为韧带增厚、扭曲，韧带移行区有长T2信号和(或)短T1信号；212例关节积液表现为长T1长T2信号，血肿可见短T1高信号。结论：MRI对膝关节损伤的诊断具有重要的临床价值。     

急性胰腺炎的低场强MRI诊断

目的探讨低场强MRI对急性胰腺炎的诊断价值。方法．选择经临床确诊的急性胰腺炎患者31例,且全部进行过MRI检查,均采用了轴位的sE序列T1WI,FSE序列T2WI,脂肪抑制序列STIR,冠状位的SE序列T1WI,全部病例进行了MRCP检查。结果MRI主要显示胰腺肿大,胰腺周围渗出,腹腔内可见积液,STIR序列显示周围渗出更具有优越性;MRCP显示胆总管扩张,胰腺管不规则扩张。结论低场强MRI对急性胰腺炎的诊断具有重要的诊断价值,STIR序列的应用更具有优越性。     

Atypical histopathologic type of cystic meningioma

The authors report a 21-year-old male with an atypical cystic meningioma in the right parietal area. On T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), the solid component was hypointense, while on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), it was hyperintense. On T1WI, the cystic component was hypointense, and on T2WI, it was hyperintense. The authors review the literature about incidence, locations, MRI features, cyst type, and intraoperative managements of atypical cystic meningiomas.     

骶尾部藏毛窦的MRI影像表现

目的 总结骶尾部藏毛窦的临床特点及MRI影像学特征。方法 回顾性分析5例经病理证实的骶尾部藏毛窦患者的临床资料及其MRI表现。结果 5例病灶均为骶尾部皮下窦道;窦口位于骶5至尾3椎体水平臀间裂皮肤处;窦道行走于骶尾部皮下,向上走形,走形迂曲或形态不规则;窦道管壁较厚,T2加权成像脂肪抑制（T2WI-FS）呈高信号,T1WI呈低信号,管腔无积脓积液时,T2WI-FS 及T1WI均呈低信号,管腔内积脓或积液时,T2WI-FS呈高信号,T1WI上呈低信号-稍高信号;窦道周围常出现软组织水肿;病灶易合并感染,窦道管壁及周围软组织增强呈明显强化;病变均未累及骶尾骨及肛管。结论 MRI可准确显示藏毛窦的窦道位置、范围及与周围组织之间的关系,在骶尾部藏毛窦的诊断上具有重要的临床价值。     

化脓性肌炎的MRI表现

目的分析化脓性肌炎的MRI表现特点。方法回顾分析我院经临床手术及病理证实的8例化脓性肌炎患者的MRI表现。检查序列包括SET1W、TSET2W、STIR,其中4例同时接受增强SET1w扫描。结果8例中1例发生于腰大肌,余7例均发生于下肢肌肉。MRI显示所有8例受累肌肉弥漫性肿大,T2WI表现为较明显不均匀高信号,STIR为明显高信号;T1WI呈与邻近肌肉等、稍低或稍高信号改变,邻近肌间隙水肿。4例病灶中见单个或多个T1WI低信号、T2WI高信号脓肿形成,周围脓肿壁在T1WI上为相对高信号。增强扫描中2例受累肌肉呈明显弥漫性强化,2例脓肿形成呈环状强化,脓腔及小的炎性坏死区无强化。结论MRI可清晰显示化脓性肌炎病变部位、特点及范围,具有重要诊断价值。     

Early neuroimaging findings of glioblastoma mimicking non-neoplastic cerebral lesion

A 54-year-old man and a 63-year-old woman presented with glioblastoma manifesting as seizure and headache, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging of the two patients revealed hypointense area on T(1)-weighted imaging, and hyperintense area on T(2)-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging, with no enhancement after gadolinium administration. Both patients underwent conservative therapy under diagnoses of non-neoplastic cerebral lesion. Six months later, they suffered aggravated symptoms and new neurological deficits. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging revealed hypointense area on diffusion-weighted imaging and ring enhancement on T(1)-weighted imaging with gadolinium at the site of the previously detected lesions. The tumors showed growth pattern of superficial origin. The large enhanced masses were totally removed through craniotomy under neuronavigator guidance. The histological diagnoses were glioblastoma. Glioblastoma may mimic non-neoplastic conditions on neuroimaging in the early stages. Close follow up of such patients is essential.     

Magnetic resonance imaging of brain abscess with hemorrhage: implications for the mechanism of hemorrhage

A 68-year-old woman presented with an extremely rare brain abscess associated with old and acute hemorrhages manifesting as gradual onset of symptoms of headache and fever. Magnetic resonance imaging clearly visualized the hemorrhage as heterogeneously hyperintense on diffusion-weighted imaging, concentric hypo-isointense on T(1)-weighted imaging, and homogeneously hyperintense with a hypointense rim on T(2)(*)-weighted imaging. T(1)-weighted imaging with contrast medium revealed a well-enhanced cyst wall. In spite of treatment with antibiotics, the neurological status of the patient deteriorated due to expansion of the abscess and perifocal edema. Needle aspiration of the cyst yielded bloody purulent fluid. The magnetic resonance imaging findings indicate that neovascularization of the cyst wall is involved in the mechanism of hemorrhage in brain abscess. Careful follow-up examinations are recommended in patients with brain abscess to detect warning signs of neurological deterioration.     

Thoracic disk herniation with hematoma--case report

A 54-year-old man presented with an extremely rare case of intervertebral disk herniation with hematoma in the thoracic spine, manifesting as acute progressive numbness and muscle weakness in the bilateral lower extremities. He had been treated with anticoagulants. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine showed intervertebral disk herniation and severe compression of the spinal cord at T9-10, appearing as hyperintense on T(1)- and hypointense on T(2)-weighted imaging suggestive of concomitant hematoma. His symptoms completely resolved after resection of the brownish herniated disk material. Old hemorrhage was also aspirated from the intervertebral disk space. Hemosiderin deposition was found in the cartilaginous tissue of the resected disk. Intervertebral disk herniation with hematoma is extremely rare, but may occur in patients with bleeding diathesis.     

Pontine glioblastoma multiforme initially presenting with leptomeningeal gliomatosis

A 49-year-old female presented with diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis as the initial manifestation of pontine glioblastoma. Magnetic resonance imaging initially revealed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement caused by metastatic deposits, predominantly along the basal cistern and bilateral sylvian fissures. The primary pontine lesion appeared as hypointense on T1-weighted imaging and hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging, but with no enhancement by gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid. There was no diffuse enlargement of the pons. The patient died 11 months after the initial presentation. The primary lesion in the pons was histologically confirmed at autopsy. Diffuse enhancement of leptomeningeal dissemination may occur as the initial manifestation of non-enhanced pontine glioblastoma.     

Adenocarcinoma Metastasis of the Intertransversarius Cervicis Muscle Eliciting a Right Forelimb Lameness in a Dog

This article describes identification of a metastatic adenocarcinoma to the intertransversarius cervicis muscle using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a dog that presented with chronic lameness of the right forelimb. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right sided, ovoid signal abnormality within the intertransversarius cervicis muscle lateral to the sixth cervical (C6) vertebra. The lesion was uniform, hyperintense on T2‐ and isointense on T1‐weighted images to muscle and exhibited uniform contrast enhancement on T1‐weighted images. The MRI findings were consistent with a neoplasia. Surgical excision was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was metastatic fibrous adenocarcinoma. The dog recovered rapidly but 6 months post‐operatively he was killed because of lung metastases. Necropsy was declined and the primary tumour could not be identified.     

脊柱不典型单发转移性恶性黑色素瘤的MRI表现:与脊柱血管瘤鉴别

目的探讨MRI对脊柱不典型单发转移性恶性黑色素瘤与血管瘤的鉴别诊断价值。方法回顾性分析13例脊柱不典型单发转移性黑色素瘤患者及40例脊柱单发血管瘤患者。对所有患者均行1.5T MR扫描,采用T1W、T2W、脂肪抑制T2W序列和增强扫描。观察病灶的信号特征,平扫分为低、等、高信号,增强扫描分为低、等、稍高及明显强化。测量病灶的最长径,然后取平均值。结果脊柱单发转移性黑色素瘤T1WI低、等及高信号比例分别为76.92%(10/13)、15.38%(2/13)及7.69%(1/13),T2WI低、等及高信号比例分别为61.54%(8/13),30.77%(4/13)及7.69%(1/13);92.31%(12/13)的脊柱单发转移性恶性黑色素瘤增强扫描表现为明显强化。与脊柱血管瘤比较,转移性黑色素瘤长径大于血管瘤(P0.001)。脊柱血管瘤和不典型转移性黑色素瘤之间T1WI与T2WI信号特征、增强扫描强化特征差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论MRI对鉴别脊柱单发不典型转移性黑色素瘤与血管瘤有一定的临床应用价值。     

MRI对胆囊癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨胆囊癌的MRI表现,提高胆囊癌的影像诊断水平。方法 回顾性分析47例临床诊断为胆囊癌的MRI影像学资料,其中43例经病理证实。分析胆囊癌的形态、信号、强化特点、周围结构侵犯及转移情况,并与手术及病理对照。结果 厚壁型12例,腔内型19例,肿块型16例。MRI信号T1WI为等、稍低信号,T2WI稍高、高信号,增强模式为持续或渐进性强化。20例肝内外胆管扩张,梗阻点多位于肝总管占80%。25例肝脏受侵,6例十二指肠受侵,4例网膜侵犯,3例胰腺侵犯。24例淋巴结转移,N1：9例,N2：15例,与病理符合率达83.3%。肝脏转移10例,与病理符合率为100%。根据MR的临床分期与手术分期符合率90.7%。结论 MRI能够清楚显示胆囊癌病灶,并能够准确地评价胆囊癌的周围结构侵犯及转移情况,能够准确进行临床分期,有助于制定治疗策略。