中文文摘

1．牙科浸泡着色氧化锆陶瓷的细胞毒性研究／石连水…／／实用口腔医学杂志．－2015,31（1）．－20－22
　　采用浸泡着色的方法制备 NH4 VO3、FeCl3、Co （NO3）3、Ni（NO3）3、MoCl35种过渡金属着色的氧化锆3Y-TZP 瓷块,用瓷块浸提液体外培养小鼠成纤维细胞（L-929）3 d,观察细胞形态并用 MTT 法测试吸光度值评价各着色瓷块的细胞毒性。结果：各组细胞培养3 d 后生长良好,形态正常,各实验组的毒性评级为0～I 级。结论：5种染色液浸泡着色所得氧化锆陶瓷无细胞毒性。     

牙科浸泡着色氧化锆陶瓷的细胞毒性研究

目的:评价5种过渡金属元素染色液浸泡着色氧化锆陶瓷的细胞毒性。方法:采用浸泡着色的方法制备NH4VO3、Fe Cl3、Co(NO3)3、Ni(NO3)3、Mo Cl35种过渡金属着色的氧化锆3Y-TZP瓷块,用瓷块浸提液体外培养小鼠成纤维细胞(L-929)3 d,观察细胞形态并用MTT法测试吸光度值评价各着色瓷块的细胞毒性。结果:各组细胞培养3 d后生长良好,形态正常,各实验组的毒性评级为0~I级。结论:5种染色液浸泡着色所得氧化锆陶瓷无细胞毒性。     

根管桩用石英纤维复合材料及其树脂基体的细胞毒性研究

目的：研究白行研制的根管桩用复合材料及其环氧树脂基体的体外细胞毒性,以初步评价材料的生物安全性。方法：采用四唑盐比色法（MTT法）,分别用50％和100％的石英纤维复合材料以及50％和100％环氧树脂的浸提液培养小鼠成纤维细胞L-929细胞2d、4d、7d后,测定吸光度值（OD值）,并计算细胞相对增殖率,以6级毒性分类法评级,采用单因素方差分析法对各实验组及对照组的OD值进行统计学分析,显微镜观察细胞的生长状况。结果：各观察期细胞生长良好,形态正常,复合材料及其环氧树脂基体的细胞毒级为0—1级。结论：自行研制的根管桩用复合材料及其树脂基体无细胞毒性。     

4种磷酸钙陶瓷颗粒的细胞毒性

目的：为了研究和开发磷酸钙陶瓷混悬液可注射骨，对合作生产的4种磷酸钙陶瓷颗粒细胞毒性进行了研究。方法：将4种磷酸钙陶瓷颗粒的浸提液与1929细胞接触1、3、5d后，用酶联免疫仪在490nm波长下测定各孔光吸收值，计算细胞相对增值率，用六级毒性分类法评级，并进行形态学观察。结果：培养期4种浸提液培养的细胞均大量增殖，形态正常，毒性级为0－1级。结论：4种磷酸钙陶瓷颗粒均具有良好的细胞生物相容性。     

纳米羟基磷灰石-氧化锆复合陶瓷体外细胞毒性研究

目的:为今后将纳米羟基磷灰石-氧化锆复合陶瓷应用于口腔种植修复,先对该材料进行体外细胞毒性试验,评价其初步生物安全性.方法:体外培养L929小鼠成纤维细胞用不同材料的浸提液培养1、4、7天,倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞形态变化;用四氮唑盐比色法(MTT)检测,计算细胞相对增殖度,用六级毒性分类法评级.结果:培养期细胞贴壁生长,形态良好,随着培养天数增加细胞大量增殖,毒级为0～1级.结论:初步证实了该材料具有人体应用的生物安全基础,无细胞毒性.     

MTT法评价4种铸造合金的细胞毒性研究

目的：用MTT法检测临床常用的4种进口铸造合金（镍铬合金、钛合金、钴铬合金、金合金）的细胞毒性。方法：用MTT法测定人牙龈膜成纤维细胞在不同合金浸提液中培养2d、4d、7d的吸光度（A值）,计算细胞相对增殖率（RGR）,判断细胞毒性的级别。结果：各组细胞不同时间点相对增殖率均在96％～106％之间,镍铬合金的细胞毒性评级为1级,其余3种合金为0级。结论：4种铸造合金的细胞毒性均在临床应用的允许范围内。     

二步烧结牙科氧化锆陶瓷细胞毒性评价

目的:对二步烧结牙科可切削牙科纳米氧化锆陶瓷细胞毒性进行初步评价.方法:选择了2种体外试验即四氮唑盐比色法(MTT)体外细胞毒性试验和急性溶血试验.结果:二次烧结的氧化锆陶瓷的体外细胞毒性均为0级;溶血率分别为0.915%和1.177%.均小于5%,无明显的溶血反应.结论:初步证实了二次烧结的氧化锆陶瓷具有人体应用的生物安全性基础,无细胞毒性,无溶血反应.     

氮掺杂纳米TiO_2抗菌剂的体外细胞毒性研究

目的：通过对高可见光活性氮掺杂纳米二氧化钛（纳米N-TiO2）抗菌剂体外细胞毒性的测定,初步评价纳米N-TiO2抗菌剂的生物安全性。方法：采用含不同浓度纳米N-TiO2抗菌剂的培养液培养人牙周膜成纤维细胞,另设空白对照组和阳性对照组。在显微镜下观察细胞形态及数量,MTT法测定各组细胞培养1、3和5d的吸光度值,并计算细胞的相对增值率,从而判断细胞毒性的级别。结果：各观察期,实验组的人牙周膜成纤维细胞生长良好,形态正常,表现出较高的细胞增值率,1d为109.67±8.5、3d为109.99±7.0、5d为102.53±6.4;与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义;实验组的吸光度值在各个时间段与空白对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,且随培养时间的延长,吸光度值增大。结论：纳米N-TiO2抗菌剂实验期内无细胞毒性,生物安全性较好。     

两种方法评价彩色弓丝和托槽的细胞毒性

目的：评价彩色弓丝和托槽的细胞毒性。方法：用MTT比色法评价彩色弓丝和未染色弓丝和托槽的细胞毒性,并用流式细胞仪法（FCM）检测细胞群落的DNA增殖指数。结果：MTT比色法显示,培养期不同浓度的2种材料的浸提液培养的细胞均大量增殖,毒性评级为0～1级。流式细胞仪法检测表明细胞群落的DNA增殖指数（PI）在2种材料间无统计学差异（P〉0．05）,但是彩色的弓丝试件略高于未染色弓丝试件。结论：彩色不锈钢弓丝和托槽具有良好的细胞亲和性。     

一种新型牙科陶瓷的细胞毒性评价研究

目的 检测一种新型硅藻土可切削陶瓷的细胞毒性,初步评价其生物相容性。方法 小鼠成纤维细胞L929在新型硅藻土可切削陶瓷浸提液中培养1、3、5d,并与其他4种牙科常用修复材料作比较,MTT法观察细胞形态变化,测量吸光度(A值),计算细胞相对增殖率(RGR),判断细胞毒性的级别。结果 阴性组,新型硅藻土可切削陶瓷组,铸瓷组,钴铬合金烤瓷之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。阴性组与树脂,镍铬合金烤瓷之间存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。所有材料细胞毒性级别都在1级。结论 新型硅藻土可切削陶瓷无明显的细胞毒性。?     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

鼻测量法的进展

唇裂术后继发畸形是指唇裂修复术后,仍遗留或继发于手术操作和生长发育变化而表现出来的一类畸形[1]。包括唇畸形、鼻畸形和颌骨畸形。其修复较原发性唇裂修复更复杂,更灵活多变。而导致其修复复杂性的一个重要原因即是局部组织结构复杂变异和缺乏可靠的三维测量手段[2],鼻畸形     

《口腔医学》杂志2007年度有关信息的分析

目的通过对《口腔医学》2007年全年文献的回顾和分析,了解我国口腔临床医学的研究现状。方法阅读2007年《口腔医学》全年的文献,对各种信息进行了分类汇总,根据设计类型对临床一次性文献进行了分类,并对其中的试验性研究文章进行质量分析。结果《口腔医学》2007年全年的一次性文献274篇,基础和临床文献分别为108和166篇,以临床文献为主(60.58%)。在临床研究文献中,属于观察性、分析性和试验性的文献分别为97、9和60篇,观察性文献所占比例为36.14%,高于以往的报道。60篇观察性文献中,全都设有对照;统计方法应用得当者44篇;真正做到随机、盲法的分别只有4和2篇。结论我国口腔临床方面的研究水平近年来提高明显,但设计的科学性方面有待提高。