轴向叩击联合支具外固定治疗指骨骨不连

目的:报告轴向叩击联合支具外固定治疗指骨骨不连的临床疗效。方法:自2015年1月至2019年8月我科治疗指骨骨不连患者22例,其中18例为骨折内固定术后骨不连,4例为骨折外固定治疗术后骨不连。18例内固定患者,拔除内固定物,骨折段予支具节段固定,并予规律轴向叩击治疗,刺激骨折端骨痂生长,促进骨折愈合,4例外固定治疗患者...     

Treatment of hypertension with valsartan combined with spironolactone

Preliminary observations were made to assess theantihypertensive efficacy and safety of treatmentwith valsartan plus spironolactone. Thirteenhypertensive patients were studied, 7 were males(54%), and 6 females (46%) with an age range from 61years to 83 years (mean: 74±7.1 years). Patients had amean daytime SBP / DBP of 164±9.2 / 99±9.5 mmHg.Echocardiography showed cardiac hypertrophy and mildcavity enlargement in all patients. After baselinemeasurements of HR, serum creatinine and electrolytes(potassium and sodium), patients received valsartan80 mg/day plus spironolactone 100 mg/day forconcomitant chronic heart failure due tohypertension. Study parameters were measured at the 30, 60, and 90 day of therapy. Mean ambulatory SBP/DBP monitoring, mean Holter heart rate, mean serumcreatinine, and mean serum electrolytes (sodium andpotassium) were recorded. These parameters did notshow statistically significant changes after 90 daysof follow up, except in one patient who had anincrease in serum potassium concentration from 4.3mmol/l to 5.8 mmol/l after 30 days of therapy. MeanBP was reduced up a maximum of 7%. No side effectwas seen in the study patients. Combination therapyvalsartan and spironolactone seemed to be aneffective and safe approach for older hypertensivepatients with mild concomitant chronic heart failure. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

腹腔镜与胆道镜联合取石术治疗肝内胆管结石的临床研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜联合胆道镜治疗肝内胆管结石的临床价值。方法:随机将80例肝内胆管结石患者分为2组,实验组(n=45)行腹腔镜联合胆道镜取石术,对照组(n=35)行单纯腹腔镜手术。结果:实验组45例手术均获成功,手术时间110～118 min,平均(160±15)min;术中出血量45～280 ml,平均(140±60)ml;住院6～8天,平均(7±2)天;42例结石完全取净,结石清除率93.3%,术后无一例发生胆漏、出血、脓肿等并发症。对照组手术时间130～220 min,平均(150±30)min;术中出血量80～350 ml,平均(180±75)ml;住院8～12天,平均(9±1)天;32例结石完全取净,结石清除率91.4%,术后2例发生胆漏。两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),结石完全取净率及并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后随访所有患者3～6个月,经胆道镜复查无一例复发。结论:腹腔镜术中联合胆道镜治疗肝内胆管结石安全有效,值得推广应用。     

阿昔洛韦联合纳洛酮治疗小儿病毒性脑炎的临床体会

目的:探讨阿昔洛韦联合纳洛酮在小儿病毒性脑炎治疗中的作用。方法:将在本院入院的108例小儿病毒性脑炎患儿随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组患儿在综合治疗的基础上加服阿昔洛韦,观察组在对照组的基础上再静滴纳洛酮。对两组患儿的疗效及后遗症进行比较。结果:经治疗后,观察组的总有效率为92.6%,对照组的总有效率为72.2%,两组疗效比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应用阿昔洛韦联合纳洛酮治疗病毒性脑炎,在提高总有效率和减少后遗症的发生率方面,疗效满意,值得在临床推广。     

疗程法注射透明质酸隆鼻的疗效探讨

目的：探讨应用疗程法注射透明质酸隆鼻的效果和持续性。方法：透明质酸注射于鼻部以抬高鼻部,与注射后3个月、9个月、18个月根据实际情况补充注射0．5ml透明质酸。结果：10例首次治疗后跟踪随访3年,临床效果满意,3年内可以维持高鼻梁的外形。结论：疗程法应用透明质酸注射隆鼻使求美者鼻背增高由只注射一次只能保持3～6个月延长到3年,值得临床推广应用。     

Antioxidant therapy with xymedon of patients with chronic osteomyelitis

An investigation of the antioxidant activity of blood plasma allowed a conclusion to be made of an alteration of the free radical processes in patients with chronic osteomyelitis. Experimental data on the influence of the antioxidants Xymedon and Methyluracil on the main free radicals, lipid peroxidation and chemiluminescence of peritoneal macrophages of rats allowed the substantiation of using the medicines in the complex treatment of patients in the pre- and postoperative periods. As a result, in 25 patients Xymedon improved the blood indices, increased antioxidant activity of plasma and reduced the amount of recurrences of the disease as compared with the patients taking Methyluracil.     

Experience with surgical treatment of newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis

At the period from 1984 through 2010 there were 306 patients with necrotizing enterocolitis aged from 1 to 13 days. Conservative therapy in 214 (70%) cases resulted in favorable outcome of the disease. Operative treatment was necessary in 92 (30%) neonates. In 26 of them double entero-, colostomies were performed, in 7 patients ulcer defects were sutured, in 6 patients parts of intestinal necroses were resected with applying primary end-to-end anastomoses, in 15 patients--laparostomas in combination with intestinal stomas, in 13 patients isolated laparostomas, in 8 patients diagnostic laparotomies.     

显微外科技术配合Dynesys系统治疗腰椎椎管狭窄

目的：探讨应用Dynesys腰椎动态固定系统配合显微外科技术单侧入路双侧减压治疗腰椎椎管狭窄症的有效性和临床效果。方法分析2012年1月～2013年6月,21例应用显微外科技术配合Dynesysx系统治疗伴随腰椎不稳的腰椎椎管狭窄症的临床资料。记录术前及术后疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分（10分法）及日本骨科学会（ Japanese Orthopaedic Association ,JOA）评分,评估手术疗效。结果所有患者末次随访VAS及JOA评分较术前均显著改善,所有病例症状无加重或复发。结论显微外科技术配合Dynesys系统治疗伴随腰椎不稳的腰椎椎管狭窄症术中显露充分、减压彻底、安全性高、出血量少,术后腰椎稳定性恢复好、效果佳。     

23例伴猝倒发作性睡病患儿的护理

对23例伴猝倒的发作性睡病患儿,在规范治疗的同时加强行为干预,包括行为护理、安全护理、记录睡眠日记、多导睡眠监测及心理护理等。结果23例中2例放弃服药治疗出院;21例长期随访,症状均好转,其中6例症状消失。症状未完全消失的15例中7例因症状减轻未坚持规律服药而致症状反复。提示规范化的治疗与护理可获得较好疗效,但应加强患者的治疗依从性,才能较好地巩固治疗效果。     

风疹并发脑炎患儿的护理

对3例风疹并发脑炎患儿予严密观察病情变化,积极给予对症处理;准确记录出入量,保证患儿营养物质、水分、电解质的供给;预防并发症的发生;做好药物治疗的护理;加强心理护理及消毒隔离等措施.结果 3例患儿住院8～11 d均痊愈出院.提出密切观察病情变化、积极对症处理、精心细致的护理是促进患儿康复的重要保证.     

关节镜辅助下经皮中空螺丝钉加张力带法治疗髌骨横骨折

目的:探讨髌骨横骨折在关节镜下复位、中空螺丝钉加张力带法固定的治疗效果。方法:12例新鲜髌骨横骨折患者通过关节镜清理关节腔内的血凝块、碎骨块和骨折块之间嵌顿的软组织,直视下观察骨折复位情况以指导骨折复位固定,在C形臂X线透视下帮助骨折复位,关节镜观察关节面解剖复位后,经皮从近折端向远折端平行打入2枚克氏针固定骨折块,顺克氏针拧入2枚中空螺钉,拔除克氏针,顺螺钉空心导入钢丝,行张力带“8”字固定。结果:平均随访12.4个月,骨折愈合时间最短6周,最长10周,平均7.6周。根据Lysholm膝关节评分标准,优10例,良1例,尚可1例,优良率达91.67%。结论:关节镜辅助下经皮中空螺丝钉加张力带法治疗髌骨横骨折具有手术创伤小、关节面复位好、固定坚强、能早期功能锻炼、住院时间短、功能恢复快和合并症少等优点,为治疗新鲜髌骨横骨折提供了一种新的治疗方法。     

Assessment of sexual activity in patients with back pain compared with patients with neck pain

Recent research has shown significant adverse effects of chronic low back pain on sexual activity in 46% of patients. To establish whether and how chronic low back pain adversely affects sexual activity, a questionnaire-based study was conducted on a patient group (low back pain) and a comparison group (neck pain). Patients were administered a visual analog scale, a series of conventional questionnaires, and a specifically designed sexual activity questionnaire covering frequency of intercourse before and since onset of pain, discomfort during intercourse, satisfaction with sexual life, and comfortable and uncomfortable basic coital positions. Patients with low back pain reported more interference than did patients with neck pain, and women with low back pain were more affected than men. Compared with the other groups, women with low back pain had greater reduction in frequency of intercourse, more marked discomfort during intercourse, and more interference with their sexual lives. The most pain generating position was prone for both genders, and the most comfortable one was supine. Sexual impairment, more marked in women, seems to be related to the triggering of pain by intercourse and to psychologic factors.