保留尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术治疗成人尿道下裂

目的 探讨保留尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术(TIP)在成人尿道下裂治疗中的价值.方法 回顾性总结分析我院2004-2006年间采用保留尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术治疗成人尿道下裂46例(年龄17～28.5岁,平均年龄为21.2岁).结果 术后5例出现尿瘘;2例尿道狭窄:3例术后仍有阴茎向下弯曲.结论 对于尿道及阴茎发育条件好的成人尿道下裂,TIP可以一期完成修复.阴茎向下弯曲严重或尿道瘢痕严重者一期尿道成形并发症较多.早期拔除尿道支架管,合理使用敏感抗生素和术后良好的处理是提高手术成功率、减少并发症发生率的重要冈素.     

TIP术治疗尿道下裂分析(附27例报告)

目的 评价TIP术(尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术)治疗尿道下裂的体会.方法 先天性尿道下裂患儿27例,年龄1-14岁,平均2岁.冠状沟型3例,阴茎体型16例,阴茎阴囊型5例,阴囊型3例.伴阴茎弯曲22例.均采用TIP术(尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形法),8例阴茎头明显向下弯曲者采用阴茎背侧白膜折叠术纠正.结果 随访6个月至3年,TIP术中20例手术一次成功.结论 TIP术手术简单,疗效好,是一种较好的尿道下裂成形术.     

尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂

目的探讨尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术（Snodgrass手术）治疗尿道下裂的临床效果。方法对采用尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术治疗31例尿道下裂患者进行同颐性分析。,尿道下裂患者31例,年龄1～14岁,其中阴茎头型5例、阴茎体型14例、阴茎阴囊型4例,二期尿道成形术8例。结果本组31例患者,一次性治愈26例,术后出现尿瘘2例,均已修补成功。尿道口狭窄3例,经尿道扩张后治愈.结论尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术可应用于多种类型的尿道下裂治疗。手术操作简便易行,手术成功率高。     

尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术和包皮内板岛状皮瓣加盖尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂的临床疗效

目的:探讨尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术(tubularized incised plate,TIP)和包皮内板岛状皮瓣加盖尿道成形术(onlay island flap,OIF)治疗尿道下裂的临床疗效。方法:取2014年1月~2015年2月在我院治疗的尿道下裂患儿71例,其中接受TIP治疗的患儿40例(TIP组),接受OIF治疗的患儿31例(OIF组),观察两组患儿的手术时间、治疗效果、并发症发生情况等。结果:TIP组和OIF组患儿年龄及病例类型差异无统计学意义(P0.05);TIP组手术时间为(82.13±7.94)min,明显短于OIF组的(119.07±11.08)min,差异有统计许学意义(P0.05)。TIP组和OIF组一次手术成功率分别为85.00%和87.10%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。TIP组术后发生尿瘘6例,阴茎头裂开1列,发生率为17.50%;OIF组术后发生尿瘘5例,阴茎头裂开1例,发生率为19.35%,两组术后并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术和包皮内板岛状皮瓣加盖尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂均有较好效果;尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术具有操作简便且手术时间短等优点。     

肉膜瓣覆盖在尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术中的应用

目的:探讨肉膜覆盖在尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术(TIP)中预防尿瘘的应用。方法:140例尿道下裂患者均行TIP术式修复,其中85例远端型尿道下裂采用纵行腹外侧阴茎肉膜瓣覆盖新尿道;55例近端形尿道下裂采用阴囊前动脉带蒂肉膜瓣覆盖新尿道。结果:12例患者出现尿道皮肤瘘,其中远端型尿道下裂患者7例;近端型尿道下裂5例。结论:远端型选择腹外侧阴茎肉膜瓣覆盖,近端型选择阴囊前动脉带蒂肉膜瓣覆盖,较少出现尿瘘的并发症,是TIP术中较理想的覆盖方式。     

TIP术式在伴有解剖不良因素的尿道下裂Ⅰ期成形术中的应用

目的:探讨保留尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术(TIP术)在伴有解剖不良因素的尿道下裂Ⅰ期成形术中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析尿道下裂TIP术式Ⅰ期成形191例,将尿道开口位置、阴茎头及尿道板发育状况、阴茎下曲程度视为易导致TIP术后并发症及影响外观的解剖不良因素,采用SPSS 10.0统计数据,对其临床效果进行相关性分析。结果:①TIP术后并发症发生率与尿道开口位置密切相关,尿道开口越近,并发症发生率越高(χ2=24.291,P<0.01);②TIP术后并发症发生率与阴茎头及尿道板发育状况、阴茎下曲程度密切相关。伴有解剖不良因素的尿道下裂如小阴茎头型、尿道板发育不良型及伴有重度阴茎下曲型,采用TIP术后并发症发生率高于阴茎挺直、阴茎头及尿道板发育良好的尿道下裂(χ2=25.419,P<0.01)。结论:TIP术式的选择应根据尿道下裂类型、阴茎头及尿道板发育状况、阴茎下曲程度并结合术者经验来应用,以期达到成功率高并外形美观的效果。     

尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术在尿道下裂术后尿道裂开中的应用

尿道裂开是发生于尿道下裂术后较严重的并发症，因多无可利用的包皮材料修补尿道，给再次手术带来困难。Snodgrass在1994年首先介绍了“尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形法”治疗尿道下裂的手术方法。我院近年开展用此方法治疗尿道下裂，并且从2001年1月～2002年12月应用尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术(Snodgrass法)治疗尿道下裂术后尿道裂开患儿24例，效果良好，报告如下。     

改良尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术60例报告

2006至2008年我院应用一期尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术(Snodgrass法)治疗尿道下裂患儿60例,效果满意.     

改良尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂

目的 总结改良尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术(Snodgrass手术)治疗尿道下裂的经验体会.方法 对46例首诊病例及再次手术病例采用改良Snodgrass手术.结果 成功40例,4例尿道狭窄,行尿道扩张后痊愈,2例尿瘘,予以行二期尿瘘修补术痊愈.结论 改良Snodgrass手术适用于尿道板发育好,轻度或中度阴茎下弯尿道下裂病例以及残余尿道板条件好的二次手术病例,手术效果满意.     

Snodgrass尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂

目的评价Snodgrass手术方法在治疗尿道下裂中的效果.方法复习2001年12月至2003年9月19例尿道下裂患者行Snodgrass尿道成形术(尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术)资料.其中再手术者5例.5例在术中行白膜纵切折叠术纠正阴茎下弯.拔管后根据排尿情况,选择行前尿道扩张.结果19例患者中,3例术后出现冠状沟处尿道瘘(其中1例尿瘘于感染后出现),2例尿扩后自行愈合.随访中,10例拔管后2周内出现尿道口狭窄,经尿道口扩张后均缓解.结论Snodgrass尿道成形术操作简便,手术成功率高,整形效果满意,可以作为治疗尿道下裂首选术式,并适合再次手术的病例.     

Preservation of the thin distal urethra in hypospadias repair

PURPOSE: We report our experience with preserving the thin distal urethra lacking corpus spongiosum for the treatment of hypospadias. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 1997 to October 1999 we treated primary hypospadias in 77 boys with a mean age of 4 years 10 months. After degloving the penile skin a segment of thin distal urethra lacking corpus spongiosum was noted in 18 patients (23.4%) with a mean age of 3 years 5 months. The thin distal urethra was preserved and incorporated as part of urethroplasty (group 1). The procedure was primarily completed by tubularized incised plate urethroplasty. We also performed tubularized incised plate urethroplasty in 31 boys (40.3%) with a mean age of 5 years 2 months who had normal coverage of the corpus spongiosum of a hypospadiac urethra (group 2). We compared the results of treatment in these 2 groups. The remaining 28 patients (36.4%) treated with other methods were excluded from study. RESULTS: In group 1 the distance from the original meatus to the urethra covered by healthy corpus spongiosum was 4 to 20 mm. (mean 8.2). If the thin distal urethra had been excised, the urethral meatus would have been relocated more proximal in these boys. Mean followup in groups 1 and 2 was 9.9 and 7.6 months, respectively. Postoperatively there were 2 (11.1%) urethrocutaneous fistulas in group 1 and 4 (12.9%) in group 2. Tubularized incised plate repair was successful in all 10 cases (100%) of distal hypospadias in group 2, and in 15 of 18 (83.3%) and 17 of 21 (81%) of proximal hypospadias cases in groups 1 and 2, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the success rate of hypospadias repair in the groups. CONCLUSIONS: We noted a significantly thin distal urethra in 23.4% of our cases of primary hypospadias. Mean length of the thin distal urethra was 8.2 mm. Preserving the thin distal urethra may simplify the operative procedure without compromising the surgical results of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty.     

保留尿道板手术修复尿道下裂术后尿瘘

目的 总结保留尿道板手术修复尿道下裂术后尿瘘的l临床经验.方法 尿道下裂术后尿瘘患儿224例.患儿术后时间均>6个月,尿瘘瘘口直径>1.0 cm.应用尿道板切开卷管尿道成形术(Snodgrass)102例,年龄2～16岁,平均3.7岁;Duplay尿道成形手术86例,年龄2～14岁,平均3.5岁;Onlay岛状包皮瓣尿道成形术修复20例;尿道口基底皮瓣法(Flip-Flap)修复16例.结果 224例术后随访均≥6个月.Snodgrass手术102例,成功86例(84.3%),发生尿道狭窄3例,尿瘘复发13例;Duplay手术86例,成功75例(87.2%),发生尿道狭窄2例,尿瘘复发9例.2组手术疗效比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).Onlay手术20例,成功19例,尿瘘复发1例.Flip-Flap手术16例,成功14例,尿瘘复发2例.结论 尿道下裂术后尿瘘修补方法应根据患儿的具体条件选择.Snodgrass尿道成形术成功率与Duplay手术相当,可以更多应用,保证阴茎外观满意.     

Snodgrass术联合去表皮组织瓣覆盖技术在小儿尿道下裂手术中的应用

目的：报道联合应用Snodgrass术与去表皮组织瓣覆盖技术治疗小儿先天性尿道下裂的效果。方法：回顾性分析2003年6月～2005年3月收治的68例9个月～11岁先天性尿道下裂患儿资料,其中远端型（包括阴茎头、阴茎体型）52例,阴茎阴囊型12例,近端型（阴囊型）4例,采用Snodgrass术及去表皮组织瓣覆盖技术一期尿道成形。观察其术后效果。结果：术后随访6～15个月,4例出现尿瘘．2例出现尿道狭窄。尿瘘及尿道狭窄者再次治疗均成功。结论：Snodgrass术是尿道下裂手术治疗的一种安全、有效的术式;同时与去表皮组织瓣覆盖技术联合。降低了术后尿瘘的发生率。提高了手术成功率。     

切开尿道板管状成形术治疗尿道下裂35例报告

目的 :探讨切开尿道板管状成形术治疗小儿尿道下裂的临床效果。　方法 :尿道下裂患者 35例 ,年龄 1～12岁 ,均属阴茎型尿道下裂 ,其中 ,阴茎头型 5例、阴茎体型 2 7例、阴茎阴囊型 3例。采用正中切开尿道板 ,应用手术放大镜进行显微外科技术缝合 ,管状尿道成形术一期修复尿道下裂。　结果 :本组 35例患者 ,一次性治愈 30例 ,术后出现尿瘘 2例 ,尿道口狭窄 3例 ;随访 1～ 5年 ,32例无排尿异常。　结论 :尿道板接近正常尿道粘膜 ,血运丰富、伸延性好 ,切开尿道板管状成形术是一期修复阴茎型尿道下裂比较理想的术式。     

改良尿道板纵切卷管技术在尿道下裂治疗中的临床应用

目的:探讨尿道板纵切卷管技术(TIP)在尿道下裂治疗中的临床应用和体会。方法:收集行TIP手术的尿道下裂患儿169例,年龄1.5~12岁,平均3.68岁,术后平均随访2年(6个月至3年)。TIP技术在Snodgrass手术的基础上进行改进,即纵切开尿道板,术后留置尿道支架,平均住院时间10 d。结果:169例患儿中18例(10.6%)术后有并发症,最常见并发症为尿道狭窄(9例,5.3%),其次为尿道皮肤瘘(8例,4.7%)。结论:TIP技术是一种可以适用于大多数尿道下裂的手术方法,临床经验和技术的总结,有助于提高使用这种方法的成功率,减少并发症的发生。     

Tubularized incised-plate urethroplasty for proximal hypospadias

OBJECTIVE: To report the experience of one surgeon using tubularized incised-plate (TIP) urethroplasty to repair proximal hypospadias in a consecutive series of boys. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The records of 33 consecutive patients with midshaft to scrotal hypospadias undergoing TIP repair by one surgeon were reviewed. Dorsal plication was used as necessary for penile straightening, to preserve the urethral plate. Standard TIP urethroplasty was undertaken, and the follow-up included the selective use of neourethral calibration and urethroscopy. RESULTS: Plication was necessary in 18 (55%) patients. The incised plate had a supple appearance in all but two boys. The mean (range) follow-up was 9 (1-48) months and included calibration in 16 (48%) and urethroscopy in 13 (39%) patients. Complications were noted in 11 (33%) boys, of whom seven (21%) developed small fistulae. The two patients in whom the incised plate appeared unhealthy had dehiscence of the repair and contracture of the neourethra with recurrent penile curvature, respectively. There was one meatal stenosis and one short neourethral stricture. CONCLUSIONS: TIP urethroplasty can be used to repair proximal hypospadias in the absence of severe penile curvature, and if the incised urethral plate has a supple appearance. As with distal hypospadias repair, the procedure creates a normal-appearing penis with a slit-like meatus.     

纵行阴茎腹外侧肉膜瓣在远端尿道下裂Ⅰ期修复术中的应用

目的:探讨阴茎纵行腹外侧肉膜瓣在远端尿道下裂Ⅰ期修复术中的应用价值。方法:对55例阴茎远端型尿道下裂患者先行尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术(TIP)修复尿道,然后采用阴茎纵行腹外侧阴茎肉膜瓣对修复新尿道进行覆盖。结果:55例患者均获得类似包皮环切术后样外观,尿道外口开口于阴茎头顶端呈裂隙状;仅4例(7.3%)于冠状沟处发生尿道瘘。结论:在远端尿道下裂Ⅰ期修复术中,以阴茎纵行腹外侧肉膜瓣对新尿道加以覆盖,能有效降低尿道瘘的发生率,且修复后阴茎获得类似包皮环切术后样外观。