Androgen receptors in the cytosolic fraction of malignant prostatic tumors and their clinical significance

The occurrence and mean content of androgen receptors in the cytosolic fraction of prostatic adenocarcinoma depend on the age of patients, stage of tumor anaplasia, tumor differentiation, type of therapy, and the concentration of androgen receptors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 10, pp. 432–436, October, 1996     

Sex steroid receptors in the myometrium in cesarean section

The levels of estradiol and progesterone receptors in the myometrium of 19 patients subjected to planned cesarean section were studied. Nine of these patients had competent cicatrices on the uterus, which was confirmed by preoperative studies and during the operation. For comparison, the myometrium of patients at the same terms of gestation subjected to planned abdorninal delivery without history of cesarean section was examined. No significant differences were revealed in estradiol and progesterone reception in the myometria of parturients with and without competent cicatrices on the uterus. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 5, pp. 573–575, May, 1998     

Induction of prolactin receptors in cholangiocytes of male and female rats after ligation of the common bile duct

Intense expression of prolactin receptors in cholangiocyte nuclei, nuclear membranes, and cytoplasm was demonstrated by the indirect immunoperoxidase method in intact and gonadectomied male and female rats after ligation of the common bile duct. The intensity of staining increased during cholangiocyte proliferative response to the intervention and, in contrast to hepatocytes, did not depend on animal sex and the presence of the gonads. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 1, pp. 66–70, January, 1998     

Clinical and prognostic importance of expression of epidermal growth factor receptors in non-small-cell lung carcinoma

Radioligand assay demonstrated that in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, expression of epidermal growth factor receptors in the tumor is higher than in non-tumor tissue. Expression of epidermal growth factor receptors in tumor and non-tumor lung tissue does not correlate with the stage and metastasizing of the disease and tumor histology. It is also shown that expression of epidermal growth factor receptors in tumor and non-tumor tissue is associated with lower survival rate. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol 127, No. 4, pp. 446–449, April, 1999     

Effect of immune “sessile” receptors on the choline receptors of the lymphocyte membrane in mice immunized with certain antigens

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 2, pp. 384–386, April, 1993     

Receptors for the epidermal growth factor and estrogens in primary bone tumors

The content of receptors for the epidermal growth factor and estrogens is studied in primary human bone tumors: osteogenic sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and giant cell tumor. In all of these tumors, radioligand analysis reveals receptors for epidermal growth factor in the membrane fraction and receptors for estrogens in the cytosolic fraction without any statistical differences in the mean receptor content. The vast majority of osteogenic sarcomas, chondrosarcomas of the 2nd–3rd degree of anaplasia, and one third of giant cell tumors are characterized as growth factor receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative, which probably reflects the common tendency of receptor-positive malignant tumors towards rapid growth. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 7, pp. 78–82, July, 1996     

Autostimulation of prolactin receptors in adrenal cortex of guinea pigs

Prolactin injected to male guinea pigs for 7 days considerably enhanced binding of¹²⁵I-prolactin by adrenal cortex microsomes. Scatchard analysis showed that this rise is due to an increase in the receptor binding capacity but not in their affinity. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 5, pp. 548–550, May, 1997     

Cell localization of mucin-type receptors assayed with novel GalNac/Gal-specific lectin from sea musselCrenomytilus grayanus in human colon tumors

Cell localization of mucin type receptors in low-differentiated human colon adenocarcinoma was studied. Several types of receptor localization were identified. It was shown that lectin CGL most intensively binds to intracellular membranes, cytoplasm, and secrete of mucin-producing tumor cells. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 441–444, October, 1999     

Ultrastructural changes in the pancreas and their role in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury in endotoxin shock

The pancreas in endotoxin shock is characterized by the hypoperfusion, prolonged cycle of acinar cell secretion, and activation of their lysosomal system. The rearrangements in the exocrine part of the gland involve the production of a myocardial depressant factor exerting a negative inotropic effect on the heart. Myocardial dysfunction is aggravated by myofibrillar contractures, myocytolysis, glycogenolysis, and circulatory disorders. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 11, pp. 587–593, November, 1998     

Immunohistochemical identification of androgen receptors in the liver of pubertal male rats

Androgen receptors in the liver of pubertal male rats are identified by an indirect immunoperoxidase method. Hepatocyte nuclei predominate among positively stained structures. The intensity of staining varies from hepatocyte to hepatocyte and does not depend on its position in the liver lobule. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 8, pp. 193–196, August, 1996     

Distribution of radioactive cortisol in the tissues and media of the eye

Incorporation of cortisol-³H and the dynamics of its accumulation in the tissues and media of the eye (sclera, ciliary body, cornea, iris, capsule of the lens, aqueous humor, vitreous body) were investigated. The intensity of incorporation of cortisol into the tissues and media of the eye and also the rate of its elimination from them were shown to differ. The sclera, cornea, ciliary body, and the capsule of the lens were shown to be target tissues for cortisol.Moscow Helmholtz Scientific-Research Institute of Eye Diseases. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR S. S. Debov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 401–402, April, 1977.     

Steroid receptor assay in various tissues and tumors

Four types of steroid receptors were assayed in 1715 tumors of various localization and in 101 normal tissue samples from the mammary gland, uterus, and endometrium; tissuespecific distribution of steroid receptors was demonstrated. Expression of steroid hormones (especially estrogen receptors) is enhanced in proliferating compared with resting tissues and in hormone-sensitive tumors compared with adjacent normal tissue. It is assumed that hormone sensitivity of the tumor reflects hormone sensitivity of parental organ. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 5, pp. 558–561, May, 1998     

Central opioid receptors in the pathogenesis of adrenal arrhythmias

The effect of intraventricular administration of opioid peptides on the frequency and severity of ventricular arrhythmias is studied after intravenous injection of epinephrine. It is found that the selective μ-agonist DAGO and the nonselective σ-agonist DADLE decrease the frequency and severity of arrhythmias. On the other hand, the selective σ-agonist DSLET and the κ-agonist dinorphine A 1–13 potentiate adrenal arrhythmias. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 241–243, September, 1994 Presented by R. S. Karpov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Ca2+-induced erythrocyte hyperpolarization in patients with tumors of different localization

In patients with lung cancer and malignant tumors of the head and neck, erythrocyte hyperpolarization associated with the opening of Ca²⁺-activated potassium channels develops with lower rate and amplitude compared with that in healthy donors. Restoration of normal membrane potential is Ca²⁺-ATPase-dependent. The rate of restoration is significantly higher in patients with tumors. Two groups with different hyperpolarization response and their dynamics during chemotherapy were identified in patients with lung cancer. Ca²⁺-induced erythrocyte hyperpolarization and its dynamics during cytostatic therapy depend on tumor localization and histological type. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 1, pp. 77–80, January 1999     

Involvement of central and peripheral cannabionoid receptors in the regulation of heart resistance to arrhythmogenic effects of epinephrine

Intravenous injection of the selective cannabinoid receptor agonist HU-210 in doses of 0.05 and 0.25 mg/kg increased heart resistance to arrhythmogenic effects of epinephrine, while intracerebroventricular infusion of this substance had no effect on the incidence of epinephrine-induced arrhythmia. The selective antagonist of type I cannabinoid receptors SR141716A in a dose of 3 mg/kg and ganglion blocker hexamethonium in a dose of 10 mg/kg did not modify the antiarrhythmic effect of HU-210. This effect of HU-210 is probably related to activation of type II peripheral cannabinoid receptors. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 11, pp. 552–554, November, 2000     

Epidermal growth factor receptors in breast cancer: from experiment to clinical practice

The role of auto-paracrine regulation of cell proliferation in breast cancer is analyzed. Experimental data indicate that the epidermal growth factor receptor is the key transmitter of mitogenic signals from the polypeptide growth factors and participates in the formation of sensitivity and/or resistance of breast cancer cells to steroid hormones. Data of representative clinical studies indicate that the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor is prognostically unfavorable in breast cancer. Screening of patients with breast tumors for this receptor will detect the high-risk group at early stages of the disease. A scheme of the screening is proposed. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 11, pp. 485–496, November, 1998     

Role of intraosseous receptors in afferent and motor reaction modulation

Acute experiments on cats demonstrated facilitation effects of afferent reactions, and segmentary motor reactions during stimulation of sciatic nerves and inhibition of corticofugal motor reactions induced by electrical stimulation of ilium osteoreceptors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 7, pp. 40–41, July, 1995 Presented by N. A. Agadzhanyan, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Characterization of benzodiazepine receptors of human lymphocytes

It is demonstrated that benzodiazepine binding sites on human peripheral blood lymphocytes are the peripheral type receptors. The binding sites for the selective agonist³H-Ro 5-4864, but not for the antagonist³H-PK 11195, are completely inactivated by freezing-thawing of lymphocytes. The binding of³H-Ro 5-4864 to intact lymphocytes is activated by GABA and (+)baclofen. It is shown that the selective ligands Ro 5-4864 and PK 11195 bind to different subtypes of benzodiazepine receptors on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 10, pp. 405–408, October, 1998     

Lipid spectrum of erythrocyte membranes in cancer patients

In patients with untreated tumors (lung cancer, head and neck tumors, stomach and colon cancer), erythrocyte membranes are characterized by a decreased content of total lipids together with increased percentage of cholesterol and lysophosphatidylcholine in comparison with healthy individuals. The observed shifts depend on tumor location. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 8, pp. 204–206, August, 1998     

Dopaminergic mechanisms in the immunostimulating effect of μ-opioid receptors

Immunogenesis was appreciably stimulated in CBA mice injected the μ-opioid receptor agonist DAGO. This stimulation was prevented by transecting the pituitary peduncle. Immunoactivation induced by opioid peptide was due to interaction with the dopaminergic system, because the effect is canceled by preliminary haloperidol blocking of D₂-postsynaptic receptors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 4, pp. 373–375, April, 1996 Presented by V. A. Trufakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences