首发精神分裂症人面孔彩照诱发关联性负变的初步研究

目的 研究熟悉人和陌生人面孔彩色照片与短声组成不同的刺激序列诱发关联性负变(CNV)在精神分裂症中的应用.方法 应用中国广州三甲J-1脑电生理仪,检测30例首发精神分裂症患者和29名正常对照的CNV,进行横断面的病例对照研究.结果 精神分裂症组波形不规则.对照组A点潜伏期为(320±57)ms,精神分裂症组为(373±61)ms,精神分裂症患者CNV潜伏期A点延迟(t=4.59,P＝0.007),对照组波幅B(16±5)μV,精神分裂症组为(9±6)μV,精神分裂症患者波幅B降低(t=4.51,P＝0.008 ).结论 首发精神分裂症患者面孔照片诱发CNV A点潜伏期延迟,波幅B降低,CNV变化有待进一步探讨.     

抑郁症患者人脸照片诱发的关联性负变研究

目的研究抑郁症患者和健康人的人脸照片诱发的事件相关电位关联性负变（CNV）的特点。方法应用脑电生理仪和反应时间技术,检测38例抑郁症患者的CNV,并与30名健康对照的CNV进行比较。结果抑郁症组CNV主要为延迟型（44.74%）,健康对照主要为正常型（66.67%）,CNV分型有统计学差异（χ2=21.32,P〈0.01）。抑郁症组A点潜伏期为（380±63）ms,健康对照组为（323±59）ms,有统计学差异（t=3.81,P=0.01）;抑郁症组波幅B为（9±6）μV,健康对照组为（16±5）μV,有统计学差异（t=5.13,P〈0.01）。结论抑郁症患者的CNV波形不规则,潜伏期A点延迟,波幅B降低。     

抑郁障碍的P300及非匹配负波实验研究

目的 建立非匹配负波(MMN)并探讨抑郁障碍的特点.方法 应用美国Nicolet Bravo脑诱发电位仪,对35例抑郁障碍和32名正常成人进行了P300和MMN检测.结果 与正常对照组相比,抑郁障碍MMN潜伏期延迟(正常组:(190±21)ms,抑郁障碍(267±27)ms,t=12.94,P<0.01),同时波幅降低(正常组(8.3±1.4)μV,抑郁障碍组(5.1±2.0)μV,t=7.52, P<0.01).结论 非匹配负波新技术可反映抑抑郁障碍及其他精神障碍诱发脑电波的自动加工过程,可推广于临床应用.     

接触性热痛诱发电位对糖尿病小纤维神经病变的评价作用

目的 借助接触性热痛诱发电位(CHEP)为糖尿病神经病变的小纤维神经损害寻求一种新的无创客观定量方法.方法 选取糖尿病患者46例和健康人40名,应用CHEP刺激器,控制温度52℃,分别刺激所有受试者右侧前臂、手背、小腿皮肤,采用Keypoint.net肌电图仪于cz点分别记录N波潜伏期及N-P波波幅;同时行右侧上下肢感觉传导测定.结果 健康对照组各个刺激部位CHEP的引出率为100%,而糖尿病组46例中前臂7例、手背9例、小腿16例未引出肯定CHEP波形.糖尿病组较对照组N波潜伏期延长,N-P波波幅减低.糖尿病组中25例上肢感觉传导正常,其前臂刺激Cz记录的N-P波波幅较对照组减低[分别为(34.0±12.6)、(48.4 ±17.5)μV,Z=-3.151,P<0.01],N波潜伏期差异无统计学意义;手背刺激CHEP潜伏期较对照组延长[分别为(420.4±27.8)、(407.2±24.6)ms,t=2.015,P=0.048],波幅减低[分别为(28.2±10.1)、(43.0±16.6)μV,Z=-3.712,P<0.01].18例下肢感觉传导正常,其小腿刺激CHEP潜伏期延长[分别为(473.5±46.6)、(448.6±35.0)ms,t=2.219,P=0.031],波幅减低[(23.8±7.4)、(41.5±18.5)μV,Z=-3.855,P<0.01].结论 糖尿病患者在早期即有小纤维神经选择性受累,CHEP能够为其提供新的客观定量方法,具有潜在的临床应用价值.     

躯体形式障碍患者认知功能的事件相关电位P300研究

目的 探讨躯体形式障碍患者认知功能的事件相关电位P300特征.方法 随机将年龄在18～65岁之间符合CCMD-3躯体形式障碍诊断标准患者30例作为实验组,选择30例性别年龄相匹配的健康者作为对照组.各组分别予听觉P300检测,比较P300潜伏期及波幅的差异.结果 实验组PZ点潜伏期[(308±21)ms],均比对照组[(298±22)ms]延长,实验组FZ、CZ、PZ、OZ点[分别为(2.4±1.6)μV、(2.6±2.3)μV、(2.6±3.3)μV、(2.4±1.9)μV]波幅比对照组[分别为(3.9±2.1)μV、(3.8±1.9)μV、(4.2±3.4)μV、(3.7±2.0)μV]降低(P<0.05及0.01).结论 躯体形式障碍患者存在认知功能障碍.     

抑郁障碍的无抽搐电休克疗法前后非匹配负波研究

目的 探讨焦虑障碍听觉认知性电位P300的特点.方法 对32例焦虑障碍患者(AN组)和30名健康成年人(NC组),应用美国脑诱发电位仪进行P300检测.结果 与NC组相比,AN组Oz点P3潜伏期后移[NC组(328±16)ms,AN组(340±18)ms,t=2.801,P<0.01],P3波幅降低[NC组(6.1±2.0)μV,AN组(4.6±2.2)μV,t=2.84,P<0.05],非靶P2波幅降低[NC组(3.1±0.8)μV,AN组 (1.9±0.9)μV,t=5.61,P<0.01].结论 焦虑障碍认知性电位P300变化诸特点值得进一步随访.     

焦虑障碍的认知性电位P300研究

目的 探讨焦虑障碍听觉认知性电位P300的特点.方法 对32例焦虑障碍患者(AN组)和30名健康成年人(NC组),应用美国脑诱发电位仪进行P300检测.结果 与NC组相比,AN组Oz点P3潜伏期后移[NC组(328±16)ms,AN组(340±18)ms,t=2.801,P<0.01],P3波幅降低[NC组(6.1±2.0)μV,AN组(4.6±2.2)μV,t=2.84,P<0.05],非靶P2波幅降低[NC组(3.1±0.8)μV,AN组 (1.9±0.9)μV,t=5.61,P<0.01].结论 焦虑障碍认知性电位P300变化诸特点值得进一步随访.     

皮质下血管认知障碍早期注意损害的关联性负变研究

目的观察皮质下缺血性血管性认知损害(subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment,SIVCI)患者关联性负变(contingent negative variation,CNV)变化特征及其与计算机辅助测验-持续操作任务(continuous performance task,CPT)的相关性,探求反映SIVCI早期注意损害的神经电生理指标,促进诊断水平的提高。方法应用意大利EB-Neuro事件相关电位工作站,对15例皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆(subcortical ischemic vascular dementia,SIVD)患者,30例皮质下缺血性血管性认知损害非痴呆型(subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment no dementia,SIVCIND)患者和15名正常对照(normal control,NC)检测CNV命令信号前期待波(expectancy wave,EW)的潜伏期、波幅和面积。结果①与正常对照相比,SIVCI患者CNV波形欠规则;SIVCIND患者CNV EW波幅降低(9.98±4.10μV vs.16.13±2.75μV,P0.05),平均面积减少(14848.10±3199.16μV·ms vs.20058.87±1025.95μV·ms(P0.05),潜伏期差异无统计学意义(F(2,57)=1.90,P0.05);SIVD患者较SIVCIND患者EW波幅进一步降低(6.25±1.52μV vs.9.98±4.10μV,P0.05),平均面积进一步减少(8474.00±3511.94 vs.14848.10±3199.16μV·ms,P0.05);②EW潜伏期与CPT反应时呈正相关(R=0.748,P0.01),与CPT漏报率无相关性(R=0.22,P0.05);EW波幅与CPT反应时呈负相关(R=-0.616,P0.01),与CPT漏报率无相关性(R=-0.191,P0.05);EW平均面积与CPT反应时呈负相关(R=-0.718,P0.01);与CPT漏报率呈负相关(R=-0.829,P0.01)。结论 SIVCI患者早期可能即存在注意保持等认知异常;CNV EW平均面积可能为一个较好反映持续注意损害的神经电生理指标。     

强迫症患者治疗前后脑诱发电位的比较研究

目的 探讨强迫症(OCD)诱发脑电指标变异的意义。方法 应用美国Nicolet Spirit脑诱发电位仪,记录35例OCD患者(OCD组)和28名健康人(NC组)的事件相关电位P300、脑干听觉反应(ABR)和视觉诱发电位(VEP)。对其中23例OCD患者于治疗5个月后再次检测P300、ABR和VEP。结果 (1)治疗前,OCD组P300-P3靶波幅[(3.51±1.60)μV]低于NC组[(5.90±2.10)μV,P<0.01];ABR-波V绝对潜伏期[(6.40±0.41)ms]长于NC组[(5.50±0.33)ms,P<0.01],波V波幅[(0.35±0.10)μV]高于NC组[(0.16±0.09)μV,P<0.01];VEP-P2潜伏期[(199±39)ms]长于NC组[(183±28)ms,P<0.05]。(2)治疗后,OCD组随强迫思维和行为改善,脑电诱发电位中仅P300-P3靶波幅升高[治疗前后分别为(4.50±1.30)μV和(6.01±1.50)μV;P<0.01],VEP-P2潜伏期缩短[分别为(199±30)ms和(183±28)ms;P<0.05],余各项差异均无显著性。结论 OCD患者P300和VEP变化与临床状态有关,ABR的变异则有待继续跟踪。     

人脸照片诱发伴随性负变化实验研究——附32例抑郁症分析

目的 应用脸部照片(熟人和陌生人)及短声刺激研究伴随性负变化(CNV).方法 检测32例抑郁症患者和30名正常人的CNV.结果 抑郁症组波形不规则,CNV-Ⅱ型尤甚,CNV潜伏期A点和后负变化(PINV)延迟,波幅B降低.结论 新的刺激模式将应用于CNV实验中,抑郁症CNV变化诸特点值得进一步随访.     

Treatment with rituximab in patients with polyneuropathy with anti-MAG antibodies

Journal of Neurology -     

Factors associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the work described here was to determine those variables associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy. METHODS: We interviewed patients followed at a tertiary epilepsy center. Predictor variables included age, gender, race, education, income, insurance, seizure frequency, and Quality of Life in Epilepsy-10 inventory (QOLIE-10) results. Target variables were the subscales of the Short Form Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18). We used univariate analysis to identify those variables significantly associated with the subscales and multiple linear regression to determine those independently significant. RESULTS: The study population comprised 193 patients. Lower education and better QOLIE-10 scores were independently associated with general satisfaction with care. The mental health scale was associated with general satisfaction with care. Lower educational level was the only variable independently associated with patient satisfaction with communication, the financial aspect of care, and time spent with physician. CONCLUSION: Lower educational level and better quality of life are the main variables associated with higher general satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy.     

Children with ADHD and motor dysfunction compared with children with ADHD only

The purpose of this study was to identify group differences in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and motor dysfunction (ADHD-MD) and ADHD only, and to evaluate the medication responsiveness of ADHD-MD. Sixty-three children (49 males and 14 females; mean age 9 years 10 months, SD 2 years 10 months) underwent a triple blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluating two dose levels of methylphenidate (0.3 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg [corrected], twice daily) and placebo. Forty-nine trials were completed. Nineteen were children with ADHD-MD, 44 had ADHD only. Behavior and functioning were assessed at home and at school. Treatment effects were assessed using the Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire for Parents and Teachers. Children with ADHD-MD were more likely to have severe ADHD-combined type and other neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. Both groups of children had a linear dose response to medication (placebo, low, high) and there was no evidence of a group by dose interaction or an overall group effect at home or school. The lack of group effect suggests that these children responded to medication like the other subgroups.