两种微创腰椎融合内固定术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的围术期比较

目的 比较S-Tube下微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合术(minimally invasive transforminal lumber interbody fusion,MIS-TLIF),用双侧椎弓根螺钉内固定和单侧椎弓根螺钉结合经椎板关节突螺钉混合内固定两种术式围术期指标的差异.方法 回顾性分析2009年1月- 2013年12月于我院采用S-Tube下MIS-TLIF手术治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症的患者159例,其中69例行单侧混合内固定(A组),90例行双侧椎弓根螺钉内固定(B组),比较手术时间、出血量、输血量、术后下地时间、术后住院时间、总住院时间、手术前后腰痛腿痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)及并发症情况.结果 两组一般资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).A组手术时间(111±13) min,术中出血量(85±46) ml;B组手术时间(123±12) min,术中出血量(110±52) ml;A组手术时间与术中出血量均小于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).两组间术后下地时间、住院时间、手术前后腰腿疼痛VAS评分及并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 单侧切口MIS-TLIF使用单侧椎弓根螺钉结合经椎板关节突螺钉混合内固定较双侧椎弓根螺钉内固定创伤小、出血量少、手术时间短.     

75岁以上胃癌围手术期护理体会

75岁以上胃癌患者大多合并有慢性疾病,围手术期风险增加,对护理工作提出了新的要求.我科于2003年7月-2004年12月收治此类患者30例,术后痊愈出院,现将护理体会介绍如下.     

后路微创经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术与传统后路开放腰椎椎体间融合术并发症比较分析

目的分析微创经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术（MIS-TLIF）与传统后路开放腰椎椎体间融合术（OPEN-PLIF）术后并发症情况,并探讨分析并发症的特点及防治。方法对行腰椎融合手术患者265例进行回顾性分析,其中140例行OPEN-PLIF,125例行MIS-TLIF,观察记录手术后各项指标及并发症情况,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果 MIS-TLIF组在手术切口长度、术中出血量、术后引流量、术后住院时间等方面明显优于OPEN-PLIF组（P〈0.05）。MIS-TLIF组术后出现并发症8例次（6.4%）,其中神经根刺激症状1例,伤口感染1例,脑脊液漏1例,泌尿系统疾病1例,消化道系统疾病1例,心肺系统疾病2例,内固定并发症1例;开放PLIF组出现并发症24例次（17.1%）,其中神经根刺激症状8例,伤口感染2例,脑脊液漏3例,泌尿系统疾病2例,消化道系统疾病2例,血液系统疾病3例,心肺系统疾病2例,内固定并发症2例。MIS-TLIF组并发症发生率低于OPEN-PLIF组（P〈0.05）。结论微创TLIF治疗腰椎退行性疾病具有损伤小、并发症发生率低、术后恢复快等优点,且安全可靠。     

70岁以上老年人围手术期护理

<正> 70岁以上老年人生理储备能力明显减弱,机体免疫力低下,全身各脏器功能呈退行性改变,应激能力差,合并多种疾病,手术危险性相对增高,术后并发症和病死率亦高,据报告,急腹症死亡率老年人较青壮年高2～3倍,老年病人急诊手术死亡率较择期手术高2～4倍。Barry报道:70岁老年人手术死亡率为9.2％,国内报告;60岁以上老年人手术     

70岁以上患者行冠状动脉旁路移植术的围术期护理

美国胸外科医师协会(STS)资料表明,自1987年￣1990年,接受冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的80岁老年病人增加了2/3[1],而年龄是一个增加手术死亡率和并发症的独立预测因素[2,3],老年患者往往同时合并其他系统疾病,因而增加了术后护理的复杂性和难度。自2005年起,我院共对18例70岁以上患者行冠状动脉旁路移植术,现将护理经验总结如下。1临床资料自2005年1月～2006年4月在我院接受CABG的70岁以上患者18例,男13例,女5例,年龄70～78岁。稳定型心绞痛11例,不稳定型心绞痛7例,心肌梗死15例,合并高血压16例,糖尿病10例。左室射血分数(EF)35%～65%,…     

老年人腰椎手术围手术期护理

随着人口老龄化的进展，老年人腰椎病所占的比例越来越大，常常给患者日常生活造成很大影响，许多老年患者经过多年的保守治疗无好转，多数转为手术治疗。2004年3月至2007年10月，我中心根据腰椎病的临床表现，对162例老年人（60岁以上）腰椎病采用腰椎后路探查减压＋植骨融合、椎弓根内固定术或腰椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗，     

腰椎后路椎间融合术围手术期的护理

目的通过分析65例行腰椎后路椎间融合的腰椎间盘突出症患者围手术期的护理经验,探讨最佳护理方法。方法对患者术前进行心理、体位、疼痛护理,术后进行常规、预防并发症、康复护理。结果术后两周时,60例患者症状完全消失,5例患者症状基本消失。结论腰椎后路椎间融合（PLIF）术是治疗腰椎间盘突出症的有效方法,良好的围手术期护理能提高手术成功率,减少并发症发生。     

70岁以上老年人子宫脱垂围手术期的护理

目的 探讨和总结70岁以上老年人子宫脱垂围手术期的护理措施.方法 针对35例高龄老年患者的心理特点和阴式子宫切除术的特殊护理要求,进行全面评估,制定科学的护理计划并有效地实施,包括针对性地心理护理、充分的术前护理、术后病情观察、全面的健康教育等几方面.结果 患者全部痊愈出院,未发生并发症.结论 充分的心理疏导、术前准备和术后积极有效的护理措施,是保证手术成功率的关键.     

高龄患者腰椎手术围手术期处置体会

腰椎手术是当前骨科领域较为成功的手术之一。最近10年大量随访报告指出患者满意率、缓解疼痛、改善生活质量方面取得了巨大成功。然而，由于腰椎手术很多为高龄患者，常常伴有多脏器疾患，手术耐受性差，增加了围手术期处理难度。有人报告高龄患者腰椎手术围手术期并发症发生率为20．6％，认为严重影响了患者的满意度。现对我院骨科5年来23例患者的围手术期实施针对个体化治疗进行总结，报告如下。     

MIS-TLIF 与PLIF 治疗单节段退行性腰椎疾病的疗效比较

目的 探讨扩张通道管系统（X-tube） 辅助微创经椎间孔路腰椎椎体间融合术（minimally invasive surgery transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,MIS-TLIF） 治疗退行性腰椎疾患的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2010 年10 月- 2011 年9 月我科采用X-Tube 辅助MIS-TLIF 治疗的单节段退行性腰椎病变患者52 例,统计术前1 d、术后3 d、5 d、3 个月、6 个月、1 年腰背痛和下肢痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scores,VAS）,术前1 d、术后3 个月、6 个月、1 年Oswestry 功能障碍指数（Oswestry disability index,ODI）,术后1 年Nakai 疗效评级和Bridwell 脊柱融合评级,并与同期行传统开放后路腰椎椎体间融合术（posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF） 的38 例患者进行比较。结果 两组一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05） ;术后3 d、5 d、3 个月,微创组腰背痛VAS 评分低于开放组（P ＜ 0.05,其中术后3 d、5 d,P ＜ 0.01） ;其余时间两组间腰背痛和下肢痛VAS 评分、ODI 评分无统计学差异（P ＞ 0.05） ;两组术后1 年Nalai 疗效评级和Bridwell 脊柱融合评级差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。结论 在治疗退行性腰椎疾病时,MIS-TLIF 术式可获得与传统开放PLIF 术式相当的治疗效果,且术后短期内腰背痛程度较低。     

Clinical outcomes and complications of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of one- or two-level degenerative disc disease of lumbar spine for patients older than 65 years of age

Abstract Objectives: To investigate the clinical outcomes of MIS-TLIF in the treatment of degenerative disc disease of lumbar spine of the patients older than 65 years, with an emphasis on perioperative complications compared to the younger patients. Methods: 151 consecutive cases of one- or two-level degenerative disc disease of lumbar spine treated with MIS-TLIF were reviewed for the radiological and clinical outcomes. They were divided to elderly group (age≥65 y.o.) and younger group (age < 65 y.o.), and were followed for at least 6 months. Radiographs were obtained before and after surgery, 3 months postoperatively, and at the final follow-up to determine the presence of fusion, hardware-related problems. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before and after surgery, and at the final follow-up. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score of neck and radicular pain were evaluated as well. The intra-operative data and peri-operative complications were recorded. Results: The mean age of these patients at operation was 57.7±14.2 years (range 26-82 years). Of 151 patients, 62 were 65 years or older. The elderly patients had more comorbidities and more porportion of lumbar canal stenosis. The overall fusion rate was 88.4% at the final follow-up, with no significant difference between younger and elderly patients. The ODI, the VAS of back pain and radicular pain of both young and elderly group were significantly improved after surgery and at the final follow-up, without significant difference between two groups. There were 16 complications with an incidence of 10.6%, including 7 major complications and 9 minor complications. There was no significant difference of the incidence of complications between two groups. The incidence of dura tear was significantly related to bilateral deompression. CONCLUSION: The clinical and radiological outcomes of MIS-TLIF in the treatment of one- or two-level degenerative disc diseases of lumbar spine in the elderly patients were satisfactory. Though there are more pre-operative comorbidities, with proper patient selection, the elderly patients are not at increased risk of perioperative complications compared to younger patients. Screw malposition and dura tear, which are the most frequent complication, were more related to the surgical technique and should be avoided.     

MIS TLIF与Open TLIF治疗单节段腰椎滑脱疾病疗效的Meta分析

目的:对微创经椎间孔椎体间融合(MIS TLIF)与开放经椎间孔椎体间融合(Open TLIF)技术治疗单节段腰椎滑脱疾病进行Meta分析,以判断2种手术方法的术后效果及临床价值?方法:通过对PubMed?Embase?Cochrane library?中国期刊全文数据库?中国生物医学数据库?中文科技期刊全文数据库等进行系统检索;检索发表于2014年3月以前,以单节段腰椎滑脱疾病为研究对象,采用RevMan5.2对微创与开放经椎间孔椎间融合手术临床疗效的研究并进行系统分析?分析指标包括:手术持续时间?术中出血量?术中及术后早期并发症?末次随访时融合率?结果:通过初次筛选?二次筛选及再次筛选,本系统分析共纳入8项研究,其中随机对照研究2项,队列研究6项?所纳入的研究患者共866例,其中微创手术组417例,开放手术组449例?与开放经椎间孔椎间融合手术相比,微创手术持续时间?术中及术后早期并发症?末次随访时融合率以及术前的VAS?ODI评分的差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),但是术中出血量?住院天数及末次随访时视觉模拟评分(VAS)?Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分的差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)?结论:与Open TLIF相比,MIS TLIF并不会增加手术时间?术中及术后的早期并发症,也不会影响远期的融合率;此外,MIS TLIF在减少患者术中出血量和住院时间的同时可早期缓解术后疼痛与功能恢复,表明MIS TLIF是治疗单节段腰椎滑脱疾病比较理想的手术方式?     

Complications and clinical outcomes of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of one- or two-level degenerative disc diseases of the lumbar spine in patients older than 65 years

Background  Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) has been successfully used to treat degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine. There are few reports comparing the complications and clinical outcomes in older patients who have undergone one- or two-level MIS-TLIF with those of younger patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of MIS-TLIF in the treatment of degenerative disc disease of lumbar spine of the patients older than 65 years, with an emphasis on perioperative complications compared to the younger patients.

Methods  One hundred and fifty-one consecutive cases of one- or two-level degenerative disc disease of lumbar spine treated with MIS-TLIF were reviewed for the radiological and clinical outcomes. They were divided into elderly group (age ≥65 years old) and younger group (age <65 years old), and were followed for at least 6 months. Radiographs were obtained before and after surgery, 3 months postoperatively, and at the final follow-up to determine the presence of fusion, hardware-related problems. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before and after surgery, and at the final follow-up. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score of back and leg pain were evaluated as well. The intra-operative data and peri-operative complications were recorded.

Results  The mean age of these patients at operation was (57.7±14.2) years (range 26–82 years). Of 151 patients, 62 were 65 years or older. The elderly patients had more comorbidities and more porportion of lumbar canal stenosis. The overall fusion rate was 88.4% at the final follow-up, with no significant difference between younger and elderly patients. The ODI, the VAS of back pain and radicular pain of both young and elderly group were significantly improved after surgery and at the final follow-up, without significant difference between two groups. There were 16 complications with an incidence of 10.6%, including 7 major complications and 9 minor complications. There was no significant difference of the incidence of complications between two groups. The incidence of dura tear was significantly related to bilateral deompression.

Conclusions  The clinical and radiological outcomes of MIS-TLIF in the treatment of one- or two-level degenerative disc diseases of lumbar spine in the elderly patients were satisfactory. Though there are more pre-operative comorbidities, with proper patient selection, the elderly patients are not at increased risk of perioperative complications compared to younger patients. Screw malposition and dura tear, which are the most frequent complications, were more related to the surgical technique and should be avoided.     

Comparing minimally invasive and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for treatment of degenerative lumbar disease: a meta-analysis

Background Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion （TLIF） through a minimally invasive approach （mTLIF） was introduced to reduce soft tissue injury and speed recovery. Studies with small numbers of patients have been carried out, comparing mTLIF with traditional open TLIF （oTLIF）, but inconsistent outcomes were reported.     

微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者的效果

目的:观察微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)患者的效果。方法:选取72例LDH患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组各36例。对照组选用传统手术治疗,观察组选用微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术治疗。比较两组手术相关指标水平、自理能力评分、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、腰椎功能评分、治疗效果和并发症发生率。结果:观察组手术时间、卧床时间和住院时间均短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后7 d,两组VAS评分均低于术前,且观察组低于对照组,两组日本骨科学会腰痛疾患评定表评分和日常生活能力评定量表评分均高于术前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗总有效率为97.22%,高于对照组的77.78%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术治疗LDH患者可缩短手术时间、卧床时间和住院时间,减少术中出血量,降低VAS评分和并发症发生率,提高治疗总有效率和腰椎功能评分,优于传统手术治疗效果。     

机器人辅助MIS-TLIF与徒手开放TLIF治疗腰椎退行性疾病的比较:2年随访

目的 前瞻性比较了机器人辅助微创经椎间孔入路腰椎椎体间融合术(MIS-TLIF)和徒手开放经椎间孔入路腰椎椎体间融合术(TLIF)的临床疗效和影像学改变。方法 研究包括127例在山东大学齐鲁医院接受手术的腰椎退行性疾病的患者。73例患者接受了机器人辅助下MIS-TLIF(机器人组),54例患者接受了开放徒手TLIF(徒手组)。机器人组进一步分为单节段机器人组(n=52)和双节段机器人组(n=21)。徒手组进一步分为单节段徒手组(n=39)和双节段徒手组(n=15)。临床结果观察指标为视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、Oswestry残疾指数(ODI)评分、手术时间、术中透视次数、术中出血量、术后住院时间和术后并发症。影像学指标为螺钉放置的准确性、关节突关节侵扰(FJV)、融合状态以及2年随访时近端邻近节段的椎间盘高度变化。结果 机器人组术后3 d腰痛VAS评分、失血量均低于徒手组(P<0.05)。两组术后2年腰痛及下肢痛VAS和ODI评分、术后住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。机器人组的手术时间比徒手组长(P<0.05),单节段机器人组的手术时间比单节段徒手组长(P...     

Quadrant通道下微创经椎间孔椎体间融合与开放经椎间孔椎体间融合治疗腰椎退行性疾病的疗效比较

目的比较Quadrant通道下微创经椎间孔椎体间融合(MIS-TLIF)与开放经椎间孔椎体间融合(TLIF)治疗腰椎退行性疾病的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2016年4月至2017年4月于新乡医学院第一附属医院行手术治疗的46例腰椎退行性疾病患者的临床资料,其中20例患者采用MIS-TLIF术式(MIS-TLIF组),26例患者采用开放TLIF术式(开放TLIF组),比较2组患者术中失血量、手术时间、切口长度、术后引流量、术后下床时间、住院时间、住院费用、术后并发症及术后1、3、6、12个月疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)。结果 MISTLIF组患者术中失血量、切口长度、术后引流量、住院费用均少于开放TLIF组(P<0.05),术后下床时间、住院时间短于开放TLIF组(P<0.05);2组患者手术时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、3个月,MIS-TLIF组患者疼痛VAS评分和ODI均低于开放TLIF组(P<0.05);术后6、12个月,2组患者疼痛VAS评分和ODI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者均无硬脊膜及神经损伤、内固定断裂等并发症发生;开放TLIF组患者术后发生伤口愈合延迟2例,切口感染1例,术后并发症发生率为11.5%(3/26);MIS-TLIF组患者无术后并发症发生,术后并发症发生率为0.0%(0/20);2组患者术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.471,P>0.05)。结论 Quadrant通道下MIS-TLIF治疗腰椎退行性疾病具有术中失血少、切口小、术后引流量少等优势,可作为治疗腰椎退行性疾病的首选手术方法。