221例婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的原因、预防及治疗临床分析

目的:探究婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的发病原因、预防及治疗。方法:分析总结2011年4月-2012年3月在本院儿保科健康体检时诊断为贫血的6~30个月的婴幼儿的临床资料。结果:婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的发生与母亲孕期健康状况和婴幼儿期的喂养方式直接相关。结论:要针对婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的发病原因进行早预防及早治疗。     

信宜市城区2-6岁儿童营养状况5年趋势分析

目的 了解信宜市城区2—6岁儿童的营养现状，掌握儿童健康状况的变化趋势。方法 比较城区2000年和2004年低体重、贫血的患者率及肥胖的发生率。结果 2000年低体重、贫血的患病率分别为8．25％、4．94％，肥胖的发生率1．48％；2004年低体重、贫血的患病率分别为2．63％、4．27％，肥胖的发生率为4．25％。结论 目前信宜市城区儿童的营养状况处于中等水平。低体重患病率大幅度下降，贫血患病率无明显改观，肥胖发生率大幅度上升。     

添加辅食营养包在婴幼儿缺铁性贫血中的改善效果研究

目的：研究辅食营养包的添加在婴幼儿缺铁性贫血改善中的效果。方法以经常在社区健康服务中心进行健康体检的婴幼儿为研究对象,按照在6个月后的辅食营养包添加情况分为添加组和未添加组,对两组婴幼儿的血红蛋白值和缺铁性贫血情况进行对比分析。结果辅食营养包的添加组在各个年龄段的血红蛋白值均明显高于未添加组（P＜0.05）,而其缺铁性贫血的人数比较也明显少于未添加组（P＜0.05）。结论辅食营养包的添加可为婴幼儿的健康发育提供有效的支持,及时添加辅食营养包对小儿营养性缺铁性贫血的改善有很大的帮助。     

婴幼儿缺铁性贫血与维生素A缺乏关系

<正>为了解婴幼儿缺铁性贫血与维生素A营养状况之间的关系,我院于2010年6月—2011年5月对638例7个月~3岁缺铁性贫血婴幼儿血清维生素A进行了测定,并与同期638例7个月~3岁健康婴幼儿做对照,结果发现缺铁性贫血婴幼儿血清维生素A含量明显低于健康婴幼儿,现总结报     

婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血150例调查分析

目的探讨婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血的发病情况和影响因素。方法本次医学观察选取我院2010年1月～2012年12月之间收治的450例婴幼儿患者为观察对象,回顾分析所有观察对象的发病情况和影响因素。结果导致婴幼儿发生营养性缺铁性贫血的主要影响因素包括:未接受育儿教育、反复腹泻、呼吸道感染、添加辅食不及时、新生儿窒息、早产、体重过低、胎次、分娩方式、孕晚期贫血和母亲年龄等,且不同影响因素所导致的婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血发生率对比具有显著的统计学差异(P0.05)。结论本次临床研究结果表明,加强婴幼儿贫血健康教育,对各项影响因素进行有效控制,有助于降低婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血的发生率。     

大同市236名婴幼儿贫血调查报告

93年3月我们对本院所属管区236名婴幼儿进行健康普查,发现婴幼儿贫血发病率较79年普查770名婴幼儿贫血发病率下降近50％,探讨其原因,可能是由于普及科学育儿常识及人民生活普便提高和婴幼儿营养成份进一步改善有关。     

缺铁性贫血的相关因素及护理干预措施

缺铁性贫血是贫血中最常见的一种类型,尤以婴幼儿的发病率最高.临床主要特点为小细胞低色素性贫血,故又称为营养性小细胞性贫血.根据WHO的报告,目前世界上的贫血,其中90%以上是缺铁性贫血,其中一些贫血程度较轻的病例常被忽视,引起工作和学习效率下降、生长发育迟滞、抗感染能力下降等一系列健康问题,因此,有针对性采取饮食等干预措施,为促进婴幼儿的生长发育、生育期妇女的健康教育提供科学依据,对提高国民的素质也是十分重要的.     

补铁剂量掌握好

缺铁性贫血(IDA)是一个全球性的健康问题熏据估计全球有几亿人患病。世界卫生组织(WHO)1970年在亚洲调查显示熏各年龄组缺铁性贫血发病率分别为:成人男性10%熏妇女超过20%熏孕妇超过40%熏儿童超过50%熏2岁以下的幼儿超过90%。我国2岁以下小儿缺铁性贫血发病率为10%～48%;而同期美国2岁以下小儿发病率为24%。由此可见熏缺铁性贫血是一个世界性的小儿健康问题。我国解放以来熏各种营养缺乏症发病率都在明显下降熏但缺铁性贫血仍是常见的威胁小儿健康的营养缺乏症。根据1981年全国16省市对8435名29天～7岁小儿的调查熏血红蛋白在110克/升以下营养性贫血的患病率高达36%;6个月～6岁小儿9027名熏患病率为43%。小儿缺铁性贫血不仅发病率高熏而且还可影响体力、智力、免疫、代谢等许多方面熏是儿童保健工作中亟待解决的问题。     

补铁过多要提防

缺铁性贫血(IDA)是一个全球性的健康问题熏据估计全球有几亿人患病。世界卫生组织(WHO)1970年在亚洲调查显示熏各年龄组缺铁性贫血发病率分别为:成人男性10%熏妇女超过20%熏孕妇超过40%熏儿童超过50%熏2岁以下的幼儿超过90%。我国2岁以下小儿缺铁性贫血发病率为10%～48%;而同期美国2岁以下小儿发病率为24%。由此可见熏缺铁性贫血是一个世界性的小儿健康问题。我国解放以来熏各种营养缺乏症发病率都在明显下降熏但缺铁性贫血仍是常见的威胁小儿健康的营养缺乏症。根据1981年全国16省市对8435名29天～7岁小儿的调查熏血红蛋白在110克/升以下营养性贫血的患病率高达36%;6个月～6岁小儿9027名熏患病率为43%。小儿缺铁性贫血不仅发病率高熏而且还可影响体力、智力、免疫、代谢等许多方面熏是儿童保健工作中亟待解决的问题。     

缺铁性贫血的治疗

缺铁性贫血(IDA)是一个全球性的健康问题熏据估计全球有几亿人患病。世界卫生组织(WHO)1970年在亚洲调查显示熏各年龄组缺铁性贫血发病率分别为:成人男性10%熏妇女超过20%熏孕妇超过40%熏儿童超过50%熏2岁以下的幼儿超过90%。我国2岁以下小儿缺铁性贫血发病率为10%～48%;而同期美国2岁以下小儿发病率为24%。由此可见熏缺铁性贫血是一个世界性的小儿健康问题。我国解放以来熏各种营养缺乏症发病率都在明显下降熏但缺铁性贫血仍是常见的威胁小儿健康的营养缺乏症。根据1981年全国16省市对8435名29天～7岁小儿的调查熏血红蛋白在110克/升以下营养性贫血的患病率高达36%;6个月～6岁小儿9027名熏患病率为43%。小儿缺铁性贫血不仅发病率高熏而且还可影响体力、智力、免疫、代谢等许多方面熏是儿童保健工作中亟待解决的问题。     

农村地区6个月~7岁儿童贫血及铁缺乏情况调查及干预

目的：了解合肥市农村地区6个月~7岁儿童的贫血及铁缺乏情况及干预效果。方法采取随机抽样的方法抽取2095名6个月~7岁儿童进行问卷调查并测定血红蛋白,对贫血和(或)铁缺乏的儿童进行干预。结果2095名研究对象中,正常儿童1764名,检出贫血患儿331例,检出率为15.80%。其中铁缺乏检出114人,检出率为5．44%,贫血患儿中铁缺乏检出率为34．44%。在接受干预的281名儿童中有218名血红蛋白恢复到正常水平,即干预后正常儿童为1982名,占96．92%;轻度、中度贫血检出率均明显下降。结论合肥市农村地区儿童贫血及铁缺乏干预效果显著。加强儿童贫血相关健康教育,科学合理的喂养方法及早期正确的喂养行为可以有效防治婴幼儿贫血及铁缺乏。     

WHO alarms HIV infection among tuberculosis patients

Background Growth and development of infants has been an important topic in pediatrics for a long time. Infants must be provided with food containing all necessary nutrients. Breast milk is believed to be the most desirable natural and cheapest food for well-balanced nutrition. But with the progress in the development of substitute food in developed countries, it is thought that formula milk can meet the requirement for infant growth. During early infancy, growth, as the most sensitive index of health, is therefore a critical component in evaluating the adequacy of breast-feeding, mixed-feeding and formula feeding. Iron status is another important index of infant health. Iron deficiency anemia remains the most prevalent nutritional deficiency index in infants worldwide. This study is to compare infants in Beijing at 4 months who are on three different feeding modes （breast feeding, mixed feeding and formula feeding） in physical changes and iron status. The results may provide new mothers with support in feeding mode selection, which will also be helpful to the China Nutrition Association in feeding mode education. Methods This is a cohort study. One thousand and one normal Beijing infants were followed regularly for 12 months. Body weight and horizontal length were measured. Hemoglobin, red blood cell counts, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and serum iron were analyzed at 4 months. Results The breast feeding percentage in the first 4 months was 47.9%. The feeding mode was not significantly related to maternal delivery age, education, labor pathway nor infant sex （P 〉0.05）. Infant boys and girls exclusively breast-fed from 0 to 4 months had the highest weight at 0-6 months. The anemia rate of breast-fed infant boys at 4 months was the highest. Conclusions Breast feeding should be given more emphasis. It is compulsory for new mothers to breast-feed their infants if possible. Social environment should also guarantee the requirement for breast feeding. Furthermore the normal values of h     

PEDIATRIC IRON NUTRITION AND LABORATORY'' DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF IRON DEFICIENCY

Normal values of Hb, RBC count, serum ferri tin, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) and FEP/Hb ratio and their diagnostic criteria in iron deficiency were obtained in 296 children aged 4.5 months t0 7 years who were supplied with adequate folic acid and iron. Evaluating the status of iron nutrition of 398 children aged l.5 months t0 7 years before iron supplement, with the criteria mentioned above, we. found 119 cases (29.9%) of total iron deficiency and only 28 ciency anemia (IDA). were mild cases. Iron cases (7.0%) of iron defi- Most of the IDA patients deficiency was rare under the age of 3 months. The morbidity rates of total iron deficiency and IDA were highest at 6 months and l year, respectively. The results suggest that much more attention should be paid to infants after 3 months of age, especially the 6-month t0 2-year age group to prevent and treat iron deficiency.     

婴幼儿皮肤念珠菌病与缺铁性贫血相关性探讨

目的探讨婴幼儿皮肤念珠菌病与缺铁性贫血的相关性,以及补铁治疗在婴幼儿皮肤念珠菌病中的作用。方法回顾性分析101例婴幼儿皮肤念珠菌病患儿的临床资料,筛查出60例缺铁性贫血患儿,并将其随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,所有患儿均给予营养治疗和外用氟康唑粉扑治疗,观察组在此基础上口服右旋糖苷铁分散片,30d后比较疗效。结果经治疗后,观察组缺铁性贫血治疗有效率为90.00%(27/30),明显高于对照组的66.67%(20/30),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组皮肤念珠菌病治疗有效率为96.67%(29/30),明显高于对照组的80.00%(24/30),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论缺铁性贫血可能是婴幼儿皮肤念珠菌病的一个重要诱因,而补铁治疗可增加患儿机体抵抗力,提高治疗效果。     

Iron deficiency anemia in 1-year-old children of disadvantaged families in Montreal.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among 1-year-old infants of disadvantaged families in Montreal as well as certain predictors of this condition. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Five poorest health districts in Montreal. PARTICIPANTS: Infants 10 to 14 months of age were identified from registration lists of births from May 1988 to August 1989. Those whose mother had less than 11 years of schooling and a family income below the government-defined low-income cutoff point were eligible. INTERVENTION: During a home visit capillary blood samples were obtained from the child, and the mother answered a questionnaire about infant-feeding practices. Infants with a serum ferritin level of 10 micrograms/L or less and either a hemoglobin level of 115 g/L or less or a mean corpuscular volume of 72 fL or less were considered as having iron deficiency anemia. RESULTS: Of the 299 mothers who were eligible and could be located 220 (74%) agreed to participate; 218 blood samples were available. Iron deficiency anemia was found in 25% of the infants (95% confidence interval [CI] 19% to 31%). The mean hemoglobin level was 115 (standard deviation 11) g/L. The serum ferritin level, assessed routinely in the last 62 infants, was 10 micrograms/L or less in 37% of the infants. The factors that were found to be predictors of iron deficiency anemia included the use of whole cow's milk before 6 months of age (odds ratio [OR] 3.56 [95% CI 1.07 to 11.26]) and the use of iron-fortified infant cereal for less than 6 months (OR 3.15 [95% CI 1.25 to 7.96]). A low birth weight and the use of iron-fortified formula for less than 6 months were associated with iron deficiency anemia. CONCLUSIONS: Despite a decrease in the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among children of disadvantaged families in the United States socioeconomically disadvantaged infants in Montreal are at risk. Preventive measures must be taken to ensure adequate iron status in the first year of life.     

6月-36月婴幼儿缺铁性贫血相关因素分析

目的分析导致婴幼儿缺铁性贫血（iron deficiency anemia,IDA）的相关危险因素。方法 2010年10月-2011年10月在山西省儿童医院血液科住院治疗的缺铁性贫血患儿和同期在儿保科门诊体检的健康婴幼儿各65例,进行回顾性病例对照研究。收集其性别、年龄、胎龄、出生体重等信息,建立Logistic回归模型,进行单因素及多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果其中患儿居住地、家庭经济状况、母亲文化程度、父亲文化程度、是否接受育儿指导、母乳喂养、添加辅食时间、添加富含铁的食物、出生体重、是否早产、母亲晚期贫血等11个因素有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,提示这些因素可能和婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的发生有关。然后把这11项结果进行Logistic多因素分析,其中喂养方式、经济状况、母亲文化程度、添加辅食时间、辅食种类、出生体重、母晚期贫血情况7项指标在多因素条件Logistic回归分析中有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论结果提示喂养方式、经济状况、母亲文化程度、添加辅食时间、辅食种类、出生体重、母晚期贫血情况7项指标与婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的发病密切相关,可能为引起婴幼儿缺铁性贫血较显著的危险因素。     

Declining prevalence of anemia among low-income children in the United States

To determine the anemia trends among low-income US children, hematologic measurements obtained from children aged 6 to 60 months who were enrolled in public health programs in six states that were consistently monitored by the Centers for Disease Control Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System were studied. Overall, the prevalence of anemia has declined steadily from 7.8% in 1975 to 2.9% in 1985. The prevalence of anemia declined significantly among children seen at preenrollment screening visits, as well as those seen at follow-up visits, suggesting a generalized improvement in childhood iron nutritional status in the United States, as well as a positive impact of public health programs. To ensure that the declining trend of anemia was not a function of a change in the population of children enrolled in the surveillance system, Tennessee nutrition surveillance records were further analyzed; these records were linked with birth records to obtain detailed socioeconomic status (SES) information. Even though the SES composition remained stable from 1975 to 1984, the prevalence of anemia has declined significantly within each SES group. These findings indicate a true decline in the prevalence of anemia among low-income children that is likely the result of improvements in childhood iron nutrition.     

122例营养性缺铁性贫血的病因及疗效分析

目的:探讨6月龄至3岁婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血(NIDA)的发病原因及铁剂治疗的疗效。方法:总结122例NIDA患儿发病原因,并给予硫酸亚铁口服治疗,重度贫血还给予输血治疗,对临床疗效进行分析。结果:依据贫血程度区分:轻度42例,中度66例,重度14例。未规律添加辅食、挑食与婴幼儿NIDA关系最密切。全部患儿经3到4周的针对性治疗,贫血均得以纠正。结论:NIDA仍是目前严重的婴幼儿期营养缺乏性疾病,应重视母孕期的营养,及时规范添加辅食,及早治疗慢性腹泻等疾病,对婴幼儿贫血早发现、早规范治疗。     

辅食添加干预治疗婴幼儿营养性贫血的临床研究

目的：对婴幼儿的不同喂养方式与营养性贫血的发生状况进行临床分析,为婴儿的科学喂养提供依据。方法：选择潍坊市益都中心医院儿童医学中心保健门诊体检6~24个月龄婴幼儿200名,研究营养性贫血的发生率,对贫血患儿随机分为干预组及对照组,干预组给予辅食添加指导及各种喂养知识宣教,1月后对其贫血纠正程度分析。结果：1岁以内婴儿贫血率要高于〉1岁的幼儿;辅食添加患儿贫血发生率低;干预组贫血纠正率高于对照组。结论：婴幼儿营养不良性贫血发病率高,尤其为6个月~1岁婴儿。及时并合理添加辅食能有效的降低并改善营养性贫血的发生。     

婴幼儿头发矿物质及微量元素含量测定分析

目的了解婴幼儿体内矿物质及微量元素的含量,为合理安排膳食营养和科学喂养提供依据。方法采用原子吸收分光光度法对138名婴幼儿头发进行检测。结果钙、锌、镁、铁等元素缺乏。结论不良饮食和家长缺乏营养知识是影响婴幼儿矿物质及微量元素缺乏的主要原因。