2型糖尿病胰岛素释放试验与糖耐量试验结果对比

目的通过对胰岛素释放试验与糖耐量试验对比分析，了解2型糖尿病（DM）病人糖代谢和胰岛功能情况，探讨对2型DM早期诊断的临床意义。方法对来内蒙古医学院附属人民医院就诊的50例DM患者及20例正常对照者行馒头餐，采用磁性分离酶联免疫（MAIA）法测定血清胰岛素，同步测定糖耐量（氧化酶法），依据糖耐量测定结果分3组：糖耐量正常对照组（NGT），糖耐量减低组（IGT），2型DM组（DM）；分别将各点胰岛素和血糖的结果进行比较。结果2型DM组的空腹血糖、胰岛素明显高于NGT组，血糖、胰岛素在餐后一二小时出现峰值，餐后3h仍不能恢复至空腹水平，NGT组的血糖和胰岛素在餐后0．5—1．0h出现峰值，2组在0、0．5、1、2、3h各点的血糖和胰岛素差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；IGT组的空腹血糖和胰岛素与NGT组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），但是2组在餐后1、2、3h的血糖和胰岛素差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论采用MAIA法测定胰岛素释放试验和氧化酶法测定糖耐量，可以及时了解2型DM病人糖代谢和胰岛功能情况，对早期诊断和治疗有重要的临床意义。     

长治地区1038例孕妇糖耐量曲线特点调查分析

目的通过对孕妇糖耐量曲线趋势的探讨分析,为妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)诊断和治疗提供新的理论依据。方法收集2015年1月-2017年5月在长治医学院附属和平医院检验科行75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)的孕妇1038例,依据2013年我国卫生行业标准推荐的GDM诊断标准,将产检孕妇分为糖耐量正常组(810例)和GDM组(228例)。根据糖耐量试验中各点血糖值绘制OGTT曲线,对两组人群OGTT曲线中血糖峰值出现的时间和个数进行统计分析,并据此对OGTT曲线进行分型,进一步分析不同曲线类型在两组人群中的分布情况,并对两组人群中不同类型曲线人群的空腹血糖水平、餐后1 h血糖水平、餐后2 h血糖水平进行比较。结果对两组人群OGTT曲线中血糖峰值出现的时间和个数进行统计分析,两组人群中OGTT血糖峰值出现时间的人群分布存在显著差异。糖耐量正常组孕妇血糖峰值出现时间主要集中于服糖后0.5 h,而GDM组孕妇峰值出现时间主要集中于服糖后1 h,糖耐量正常组血糖峰值出现时间明显早于GDM组;根据OGTT曲线中血糖的波动情况可将OGTT曲线分为两型:单相曲线型与双相曲线型,两种曲线类型在两组人群中的分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),糖耐量正常组双相曲线个体占比明显高于GDM组;糖耐量正常组与GDM组中,双相曲线人群餐后1 h血糖水平均明显低于单相曲线人群平均水平,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论OGTT曲线的变化趋势可以预测GDM的风险,其不同的变化趋势可能是GDM风险的早期标志。     

葡萄糖耐量减低患者72小时动态血糖与早时相胰岛素分泌的相关性研究

目的 研究葡萄糖耐量减低(IGT)患者72 h动态血糖特征与早时相胰岛素分泌的相关性.方法 根据连续2次75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)结果,选取正常糖耐量(NGT)组30例和IGT组32例.测定胰岛素水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-β)、Δ130/ΔG30和胰岛素曲线下面积(AUCI).所有受试对象均行72 h动态血糖监测系统(CGMS)监测,分析比较两组餐后血糖峰值(PPG)、达峰时间(Δt)、餐后血糖波动幅度(PPGE)、餐后血糖波动持续时间(DPE).结果 IGT组的PPG、PPGE较NGT组明显升高(P<0.05),Δt、DPE明显延长(P<0.05).IGT组HOMA-IR高于NGT组(1.68 ±1.03比1.15±0.90)(P<0.01),Δ130/ΔG30和HOMA-β显著低于NGT组(3.85±1.04比6.42±1.05和52.97±2.02比55.68±12.45)(P<0.01或<0.05).结论 IGT患者以餐后血糖升高为特征,其糖负荷后的胰岛β细胞早时相分泌功能受损较重,空腹血糖和餐后2 h血糖的升高与胰岛素抵抗呈正相关,与胰岛β细胞功能呈负相关.     

二甲双胍治疗82例胰岛素强化治疗后逆转为糖耐量减低的新诊断2型糖尿病临床观察

目的给予经短期胰岛素强化治疗逆转为糖耐量减低（IGT）的新诊断2型糖尿病患者口服二甲双胍治疗，观察二甲双胍对血糖控制和胰岛B细胞功能的作用。方法在饮食和运动治疗的基础上，给予新诊断2型糖尿病患者短期胰岛素强化治疗，停用胰岛素强化治疗后复查口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT），筛选出IGT的病例82例，分为两组：A组为单纯饮食运动治疗；B组为联用二甲双胍治疗，均治疗1年。1年后比较两组患者的体重指数（BMI）及空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）等，观察两组病例的临床转归，比较180min内胰岛素释放曲线下面积（AUCI）、C肽曲线下面积（AUCC）和糖耐量曲线下面积（AUCG）的变化；用稳态模式评估法计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IRI）及胰岛B细胞基础功能（HOMA-B）的变化。结果1年后，B组较A组BMI减低，血糖控制更好，三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）降低；复查OGTT、胰岛素和C肽释放试验发现，非糖尿病病例数更多；HOMA-IRI和AUCG降低，HOMA-B升高。结论2型糖尿病患者经短期胰岛素强化治疗后，部分病例可逆转为IGT；继续二甲双胍治疗，可以更好地控制血糖和血脂，减轻体重，改善胰岛素抵抗，延缓病程。     

燕麦配方代餐粉对成人的饱腹感影响研究

目的研究食用燕麦配方代餐粉的饱腹感、血糖及胰岛素应答变化。方法本研究采用双盲、交叉设计,招募56名18⁶0岁的成年人,受试者至少间隔1w随机空腹摄入燕麦配方代餐粉或大米粉,持续观察240 min,采用视觉模拟评分法(visual analog scales, VAS)由受试者自行记录各时间点的饱腹感评分(包括饱感、饿感、对食物的渴望程度和预计摄入食物的程度),并测定各时间点的血糖和胰岛素水平。结果燕麦配方代餐粉在240min时饱感显著高于空腹(P<0.01)且240min相较空腹时增长的饱感显著高于大米粉(P<0.05)。两组样品的饿感、对食物的渴望程度、预估摄入食物程度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。摄入燕麦配方代餐粉的血糖及胰岛素峰值水平显著低于大米粉(P<0.05),血糖曲线下面积和胰岛素曲线下面积也低于大米粉(P<0.05)。结论燕麦配方代餐粉在摄入4h后的饱腹感显著高于空腹和提供同等能量的大米粉,且血糖应答和胰岛素应答更平稳,这可能和燕麦配方代餐粉含有丰富的可溶性膳食纤维和消化后粘度有关。[营养学报,2020,42(2):11...     

2型糖尿病患者运动干预后效果评价

目的了解运动对2型糖尿病患者血糖、血脂、胰岛素分泌及体重变化的影响。方法选取60例2型糖尿病患者进行4个月运动,4个月后评估患者血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、胰岛素分泌和体重指数变化情况。结果运动后进餐100g白馒头,空腹、餐后60min、餐后120min和餐后180min血糖、糖化血红蛋白均比运动前显著降低(P<0.01);运动后、餐后120min和餐后180min胰岛素值显著低于运动前(P<0.01或P<0.05);运动后甘油三酯明显降低(P<0.05),体重指数明显降低。结论运动能够降低2型糖尿病患者血糖、血脂,促进胰岛素敏感性加强,防治并发症。     

不同碳水化合物食品血糖生成指数和胰岛素指数的评估

目的:测定不同来源碳水化合物食品GI值、II值。方法:10名空腹健康志愿者分别试食含碳水化合物50g的葡萄糖粉、富强粉馒头、燕麦纤维馒头和抗性淀粉馒头,测定餐后120min血浆中血糖和胰岛素水平。结果:以葡萄糖GI值、II值分别为100,三种馒头GI值分别为88.24±20.84、60.16±14.16、47.05±10.22;II值分别为83.06±10.81、68.32±17.08、60.26±30.1。食用抗性淀粉馒头后血糖峰值(45min)、胰岛素峰值(60min)及胰岛素与血糖应答曲线下面积比显著低于葡萄糖粉和富强粉馒头(P<0.05),与燕麦纤维馒头相比无统计学意义。燕麦纤维馒头血糖峰值(45min)低于葡萄糖粉(P<0.05)。结论:不同来源的碳水化合物食品有不同的血糖、胰岛素应答,抗性淀粉食品具有吸收缓慢而持久的特点,可维持餐后血糖稳态,降低餐后胰岛素分泌,提高机体对胰岛素的敏感性。     

二甲双胍治疗82例胰岛素强化治疗后逆转为糖耐量减低的新诊断2型糖尿病临床观察

目的 给予经短期胰岛素强化治疗逆转为糖耐量减低(IGT)的新诊断2型糖尿病患者口服二甲双胍治疗,观察二甲双胍对血糖控制和胰岛B细胞功能的作用.方法 在饮食和运动治疗的基础上,给予新诊断2型糖尿病患者短期胰岛素强化治疗,停用胰岛素强化治疗后复查口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),筛选出IGT的病例82例,分为两组:A组为单纯饮食运动治疗;B组为联用二甲双胍治疗,均治疗1年.1年后比较两组患者的体重指数(BMI)及空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)等,观察两组病例的临床转归,比较180 min内胰岛素释放曲线下面积(AUGI)、C肽曲线下面积(AUCC)和糖耐量曲线下面积(AUCG)的变化;用稳态模式评估法计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IRI)及胰岛B细胞基础功能(HOMA-B)的变化.结果 1年后,B组较A组BMI减低,血糖控制更好,三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)降低;复查OGTT、胰岛素和C肽释放试验发现,非糖尿病病例数更多;HOMA-IRI和AUCG降低,HOMA-B升高.结论 2型糖尿病患者经短期胰岛素强化治疗后,部分病例可逆转为IGT;继续二甲双胍治疗,可以更好地控制血糖和血脂,减轻体重,改善胰岛素抵抗,延缓病程.     

糖尿病治疗中的几个重要问题

空腹血糖异常和糖耐量减低到底用不用药空腹血糖在6.1-6.9毫摩尔/升及糖负荷后2小时血糖在7.9-11毫摩尔/升,此时还不能诊断为糖尿病。对此历来有两种不同的看法,一种认为不必用药,一种认为可以用药。最近研究认为,这一部分人最终的发展结果是每5-10年,大约1/3发展成真正的糖尿病患者;1/3维持现状;1/3转变为正常。另一个事实是,几乎所有糖尿病患者都要经过糖耐量减低阶段。糖耐量减低者经过控制饮食、增强运动等严格行为干预,大约有50%可转为正常,另有50%干预无效。研究发现,前者胰岛功能是好的,糖耐量减低是由于胰岛素抵抗引起,故行为干预有效;后者是由于胰岛功能受损所致,故行为干预     

连续血糖监测评价水煮或油煎饺子对糖尿病患者餐后血糖的影响

目的　采用连续血糖监测（CGM)方法评价水煮或油煎饺子对糖尿病患者餐后血糖的影响。方法　纳入10例2011年2至5月在北京协和医院内分泌科住院的2型糖尿病患者,佩戴胰岛素泵平稳控制其空腹与餐前血糖,试验期内第2和第4天午餐分别给予油煎或水煮饺子,试验饮食的营养含量相同。利用抗性淀粉体外消化方法测定试餐的可消化淀粉中快消化淀粉与持续消化淀粉含量,以及抗性淀粉含量。试验阶段佩戴CGM记录全天血糖变化,观察试验餐对餐后各时点(0、15、30、60、90、120、150、180、240 min)血糖、峰值血糖、分时段（0~60 min、63~120 min、123~180 min、183~240 min）血糖曲线下面积(AUC)的影响。结果　体外消化法测定油煎方法的快消化淀粉含量低于水煮方法（30.8%和77.0%）;油煎方法持续消化淀粉含量高于水煮方法（67.3%和20.7%）,两种试餐中抗性淀粉含量均不高 (1.9%和2.3%)。而油煎方法餐后血糖峰值出现时间早于水煮方法 ［（93±53）min比（156±61）min, P=0.02］。各时点血糖均值差异无统计学意义,各时段血糖AUC差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。结论　水煮方法淀粉消化速度快,但餐后血糖峰值却晚于油煎方法,油煎饺子对2型糖尿病患者升高血糖的作用比水煮方法更早。     

Arabinoxylan consumption decreases postprandial serum glucose, serum insulin and plasma total ghrelin response in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance

OBJECTIVE: Arabinoxylan (AX) consumption is associated with metabolic improvement during diabetes and with modulation of ghrelin, an orexigenic gut hormone. The effect of AX consumption on ghrelin secretion in disturbed metabolic states is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the postprandial responses to AX consumption of serum glucose, insulin and triglycerides and plasma total and acylated ghrelin in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). DESIGN: Randomized, single-blind, controlled, crossover intervention trial. SUBJECTS: Seven female and four male adults with IGT, aged 55.5 years, and body mass index (BMI) 30.1 kg/m(2). INTERVENTION: Subjects received either placebo or 15 g AX supplement for 6 weeks with a 6-week washout period in-between. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Postprandial responses of serum glucose, insulin and triglycerides, and plasma total and acylated ghrelin after a liquid meal challenge test (LMCT) measured at the beginning and at the end of the dietary intervention at -20, -5, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 min. RESULTS: After LMCT, AX consumption resulted in lower postprandial responses in serum glucose, insulin and triglycerides (P<0.05). Compared to placebo, total plasma ghrelin was also reduced by 42+/-8 pg/ml (P<0.001) after AX consumption with no difference in plasma acylated ghrelin. CONCLUSION: AX consumption improved postprandial metabolic responses after an LMCT in subjects with IGT and reduced total ghrelin response. However, acylated ghrelin responses were unchanged, suggesting that the acylated ghrelin-mediated orexigenic regulation is not improved as only total plasma ghrelin decreased.     

青春期多囊卵巢综合征患者糖代谢评估

目的　研究青春期多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS)患者糖耐量异常的发生率 ,探讨糖代谢异常与胰岛素抵抗、体重的关系以及早期评估方法。　方法　 4 3例青春期PCOS患者 ,口服 75 g葡萄糖 ,行糖耐量及胰岛素释放实验。用稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数 (HOMAIR)评价胰岛素抵抗。　结果　 (1)糖耐量低减发生率为 11 6 % (5 /43) ;(2 )糖耐量低减患者的体重指数、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素及服糖后 6 0、 12 0min的血糖值、胰岛素值、HOMAIR均高于糖耐量正常患者 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。 (3)体重指数与服糖后 12 0min血糖值成正相关 (r =0 35 5 ,P <0 0 5 )。HOMAIR与服糖后 12 0min血糖值成正相关 (r=0 5 78,P <0 0 5 )。　结论　青春期PCOS患者存在糖代谢异常 ,肥胖和胰岛素抵抗是影响其糖耐量的重要因素 ,口服糖耐量试验是用于监测青春期PCOS患者糖代谢的较好指标。     

Ceylon cinnamon does not affect postprandial plasma glucose or insulin in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance

Previous studies on healthy subjects have shown that the intake of 6 g Cinnamomum cassia reduces postprandial glucose and that the intake of 3 g C. cassia reduces insulin response, without affecting postprandial glucose concentrations. Coumarin, which may damage the liver, is present in C. cassia, but not in Cinnamomum zeylanicum. The aim of the present study was to study the effect of C. zeylanicum on postprandial concentrations of plasma glucose, insulin, glycaemic index (GI) and insulinaemic index (GII) in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). A total of ten subjects with IGT were assessed in a crossover trial. A standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered together with placebo or C. zeylanicum capsules. Finger-prick capillary blood samples were taken for glucose measurements and venous blood for insulin measurements, before and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min after the start of the OGTT. The ingestion of 6 g C. zeylanicum had no significant effect on glucose level, insulin response, GI or GII. Ingestion of C. zeylanicum does not affect postprandial plasma glucose or insulin levels in human subjects. The Federal Institute for Risk Assessment in Europe has suggested the replacement of C. cassia by C. zeylanicum or the use of aqueous extracts of C. cassia to lower coumarin exposure. However, the positive effects seen with C. cassia in subjects with poor glycaemic control would then be lost.     

社区体检人群血糖水平分析

目的研究社区体检人群的血糖水平。方法收集了2009年7～8月在闸北区宝山路街道社区卫生服务中心进行体检的对象1004例,对其空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPG）和糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）进行分析。结果①FPG、2hPG和HbAlc存在明显的年龄差异,且随年龄的增高而上升,65～75岁组达高峰（P〈0．05）。②FPG除45～54岁组男性大于女性外,各年龄组女性高于男性;HbAlC除65岁及以上组女性高于男性外,其他各年龄段男性均大于女性;2hPG除55～64岁组女性I大于男性外,其余各组男性也都高于女性。③体检中新发现糖尿病70人（7．98％）,空腹血糖受损（IFG）47人（5．36％）,糖耐量受损（IGT）157人（17．90％）,同时有IFG和IGT19人（2．20％）。结论本次调查结果显示社区老年糖尿病患者血糖控制仍不理想,新发糖尿病及糖耐量受损者不断增加,社区糖尿病防治工作任重道远。     

Determination of the differences in 2-h plasma glucose values after ingestion of carbohydrate foods and oral glucose in Caribbean non-diabetic subjects

It has been reported that mixed meals are used in clinics in developing and developed countries in screening and diagnosis of diabetes. Thus, we aimed to determine the differences in 2-h plasma glucose values after non-diabetic subjects ingested 75?g pure glucose and its equivalent content in frequently consumed carbohydrate foods in Caribbean subjects. Twenty-seven apparently healthy non-diabetic subjects (nine males, 18 females) consumed 75?g pure glucose and its carbohydrate equivalent in three ethnic test foods (bread, rice and roti) at 7 days apart. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were determined in blood samples collected before and after 60, 90, 120 and 150?min of ingestion of these foods. In comparison with each of the test foods, the postprandial 1-h and 2-h plasma glucose values and the 60, 90, 120 and 150?min incremental glucose concentrations after oral glucose load were significantly higher than the corresponding values for each of the test foods (all P<0.01). In spite of these higher postprandial glucose concentrations, the postprandial insulin responses following the oral glucose load and the test foods did not significantly differ at any time point (all P>0.05). However, the test food, roti, tended to stimulate higher absolute and incremental insulin secretions than pure glucose or any other test food (all P>0.05). Generally, the correlation between 2-h plasma glucose value after the ingestion of the pure glucose and each of the test foods was significant (all correlation coefficients were greater than 0.70, P<0.01). In conclusion, different ethnic mixed meals could serve as an alternative to glucose in routine screening and diagnosis of diabetes if its available carbohydrate content is known and quantified.     

The effect of glycemic index on plasma glucose and lactate levels during incremental exercise

Consumption of low glycemic index (GI) foods before submaximal endurance exercise may be beneficial to performance. To test whether this may also be true for high intensity exercise, 10 trained cyclists began an incremental exercise test to exhaustion 65 min after consuming equal carbohydrate portions of glucose (HGI), pasta (LGI), and a noncarbohydrate control (PL). Time to fatigue did not differ significantly (p = 0.05) between treatments. Plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower after LGI vs. HGI from 15 to 45 min of rest postprandial. During exercise, plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower after HGI vs. LGI from 200 W until exhaustion. Plasma lactate concentration following HGI was significantly higher than PL from 30 min of rest postprandial through to the end of the 200-W workload. Plasma lactate concentration following LGI was significantly lower than after HGI from 45 min of rest postprandial through to the end of the 100-W workload. At higher exercise intensities, there was no significant difference in plasma lactate levels between treatments. These findings suggest that a high GI carbohydrate meal (1 g/kg body wt) 65 min prior to exercise decreases plasma glucose and increases plasma lactate levels compared to a low GI meal, but not enough to be detrimental to incremental exercise performance.     

动态血糖监测系统在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用

目的:运用一种新的持续检测血糖的方法,确定妊娠期糖尿病患者餐后血糖的轮廓特点。方法:孕妇身上连续72 h连接上一个动态血糖检测系统。该装置每5 min检测一次皮下间质组织的血糖水平。孕妇记录下检测期间每次用餐的时间。分析每次餐后240 min内的血糖值。结果:58名孕妇参与此项研究,其中21名妊娠期糖尿病孕妇单纯饮食控制,19名妊娠期糖尿病孕妇接受胰岛素治疗,另有18名孕妇为I型糖尿病患者。对于检测的所有各组糖尿病孕妇,从其用餐至达到最高血糖峰值的时间均相似,大约为90 min,早、午、晚3餐的餐后血糖峰值的时间亦相似。Ⅰ型糖尿病患者组餐后低血糖的发生率为12.8%,妊娠期糖尿病组为8.7%。结论:妊娠期糖尿病患者,达到餐后血糖峰值的时间约为餐后90 min。动态血糖监测系统可以更清楚全面地了解妊娠期糖尿病患者的血糖情况,有助于孕期糖尿病患者的管理和治疗。     

Comparison of time course changes in blood glucose, insulin and lipids between high carbohydrate and high fat meals in healthy young women

Few studies have examined short term responses to the different contents of carbohydrate or fat in the meal, although long term effects of the high fat meal have been considered as compound risk factor for metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the postprandial changes of plasma glucose, insulin and lipids upon intakes of high carbohydrate or high fat meal in young healthy women. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the high carbohydrate meal (HCM, 75% carbohydrate, n=13) or the high fat meal (HFM, 60% fat, n=12) groups. The meals were prepared as isocaloric typical Korean menu. Blood samples were obtained prior to and 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 minute after the meal. There were no significant differences on fasting blood parameters including glucose, insulin, lipids concentrations between the groups prior to the test. The HCM had higher blood glucose and insulin concentrations, reached the peak at 30 min and maintained for 240 min compared to the HFM (P<0.05). The HFM had higher plasma triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations, reached the peak at 120 min and maintained for 240 min compared to the HCM (P<0.05). It is concluded that macronutrients content in the meal may be an important determinant of postprandial substrate utilization in healthy women.     

Influence of the glycaemic index of an evening meal on substrate oxidation following breakfast and during exercise the next day in healthy women

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the 'overnight second-meal effect' results in altered substrate oxidation during the postprandial period following breakfast and subsequent sub-maximal exercise in women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Seven recreationally active women were recruited for the study. In each trial, participants were provided with their evening meal on day 1, which was composed of either high glycaemic index (HGI) or low glycaemic index (LGI) carbohydrates (CHO). On day 2, participants were provided with a standard HGI breakfast and then performed a 60 min run at 65% \[V.]O(2 max) 3 h later. RESULTS: The incremental area under the curve (IAUC) for plasma glucose concentrations during the postprandial period following breakfast was greater in the HGI trial compared to the LGI trial (P<0.01). Similarly, the IAUC for serum insulin concentrations was greater in the HGI trial than the LGI trial (P<0.05). No differences in plasma free-fatty acids (FFA) or plasma glycerol concentrations were found between trials during the postprandial period. During subsequent exercise, there were no significant differences in substrate metabolism. CONCLUSION: The glycaemic index of an evening meal does not alter substrate oxidation at rest following breakfast or during subsequent submaximal exercise in women. This study provides further evidence for the overnight second-meal effect on glycaemic responses following a LGI mixed evening meal.