多西他赛联合奈达铂同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效分析

[目的]探讨多西他赛联合奈达铂同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效。[方法]96例中晚期宫颈癌患者分为单纯放射治疗组（48例）和同步放化疗组（48例,给予多西他赛联合奈达铂化学治疗,同时给予放射治疗）,对两组病例的近期疗效、局部复发率、远处转移率、1年生存率、2年生存率和不良反应进行对比分析。[结果]单纯放射治疗组和同步放化疗组治疗的有效率分别为72.9%和95.8%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.56,P〈0.05）;同步放化疗组1年生存率97.9%、2年生存率93.8%明显高于单纯放疗组83.3%和79.2%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.41,χ2=4.36,P〈0.05）;同步放化疗组局部复发率（4.2%）及远处转移率（4.2%）明显低于单纯放疗组25.0%和20.8%（χ2=8.36,χ2=6.10,P〈0.05）;同步放化疗组和单纯放射治疗组的近期不良反应均以骨髓抑制为主,前者高于后者,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,但患者均能耐受。[结论]应用多西他赛联合奈达铂同步放化疗方案治疗中晚期宫颈癌患者临床疗效确切,患者耐受性较好,能够降低宫颈癌局部复发及远处转移率,明显改善患者生存率。     

紫杉醇联合化疗同步放射治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的临床研究

目的:观察紫杉醇加顺铂联合同步放疗局部晚期宫颈癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法:Ⅱb~Ⅲb期宫颈癌患者60例随机分为两组,治疗组30例采用同步放化疗,对照组30例单纯放疗,两组放疗方法均相同,先行盆腔外照射;总剂量56Gy~60Gy/28次~30次,再行腔内后装:60Co腔内后装机,A点剂量6Gy/次,1次~2次/周,共3次。化疗方案:紫杉醇135mg/m2第1天,顺铂(DDP)30mg/m2第2天~4天,28天为1周期,共用2周期。结果:放化疗组和单纯放疗组近期完全缓解率(CR)分别为90.0%、66.7%(P<0.05),两组5年局部控制率分别为78.3%、55.6%(P<0.05);5年生存率分别为64.1%、50.6%,放化疗组高于单纯放疗组,但P>0.05。放化疗组骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应较单纯放疗组明显(P<0.05),晚期放射性直肠炎和放射性膀胱炎两组无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:紫杉醇加顺铂化疗同步放疗能提高局部晚期宫颈癌近期疗效和局部控制率,毒副反应患者能耐受。     

紫杉醇联合化疗同步放射治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的临床研究

目的:观察紫杉醇加顺铂联合同步放疗局部晚期宫颈癌的疗效和毒副反应.方法:Ⅱb～Ⅲb期宫颈癌患者60例随机分为两组,治疗组30例采用同步放化疗,对照组30例单纯放疗,两组放疗方法均相同,先行盆腔外照射;总剂量56Gy～60Gy/28次～30次,再行腔内后装:60Co腔内后装机,A点剂量6Gy/次,1次～2 次周,共3次.化疗方案:紫杉醇135mg/m2第1天,顺铂(DDP)30mg/m2第2天～4天,28天为1周期,共用2周期.结果:放化疗组和单纯放疗组近期完全缓解率(CR)分别为90.0%、66.7%(P＜0.05),两组5年局部控制率分别为78.3%、55.6%(P＜0.05);5年生存率分别为64.1%、50.6%,放化疗组高于单纯放疗组,但P＞0.05.放化疗组骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应较单纯放疗组明显(P＜0.05),晚期放射性直肠炎和放射性膀胱炎两组无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论:紫杉醇加顺铂化疗同步放疗能提高局部晚期宫颈癌近期疗效和局部控制率,毒副反应患者能耐受.     

XRCC1 Polymorphisms are Associated with Cervical Cancer Risk and Response to Chemotherapy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: Functional single nucleotide polymorphisms of x-ray repair cross-complementing protein1 (XRCC1) have been suspected to contribute to uterine cervical cancer risk for a long time; however, mostprevious case-control studies were small sized and biased. Additionally, recent studies suggested that XRCC1polymorphisms could be a biomarker of response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: A comprehensivesearch was conducted to retrieve eligible studies and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs)were calculated to measure association strength. Results: A total of 13 studies were identified and analyzed. Wefound that the Arg194Trp polymorphism (Trp vs. Arg, OR=1.342, 95% CI: 1.176) was associated with increasedrisk of cervical cancer, while no significant association was found with Arg280His (His vs. Arg, OR=1.059, 95%CI: 0.863, 1.299) or Arg399Gln (Gln vs. Arg, OR=1.144, 95% CI: 0.938, 1.394). As for response to platinumbasedchemotherapy, the variant XRCC1 399Gln allele (Gln vs. Arg, OR=0.345, 95% CI: 0.163, 0.729) waslinked with a poor response; however, the Arg194Trp polymorphism (TrpArg vs. ArgArg, OR=6.421, 95% CI:1.573, 26.205) predicted a good response. Conclusion: The Arg194Trp polymorphism of XRCC1 increases riskof cervical cancer; the variant 399Gln allele predicts poor response to platinum-based chemotherapy, while theArg194Trp polymorphism indicates a good response.     

放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌32例总结

[目的]观察放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的疗效及毒副反应.[方法]32例Ⅱb～Ⅲ期宫颈癌患者放疗同时并用VBP方案化疗,另配对选取同期收治的32例单纯放疗者作为对照组.放疗方法采用规范、全量根治性治疗:体外照射加腔内后装治疗.[结果]所有病例如期完成治疗.结束后3个月综合组有效率90.63%,单放组为54.17%,两组相比差异有显著性(P＜0.05).3年生存率综合组84.38%,单放组53.13%,综合组生存率优于单放组(P＜0.05).综合组疗效明显高于放疗组.综合组的毒副反应主要为骨髓轻度抑制和恶心、呕吐等肠道反应,但均为可逆,所有患者都按时完成放射治疗.[结论]放疗同时配合VBP化疗方案治疗宫颈癌,有利于提高中、晚期宫颈癌的3年生存率,其毒副反应可以耐受.     

动脉插管化疗合并放疗治疗晚期和巨块型宫颈癌

目的 评价动脉插管化疗加放疗治疗晚期及巨块型宫颈癌的疗效。方法 将68例巨块型宫颈癌及78例晚期宫颈癌随机分为2个组，各73例。A组采用腹壁下动脉或股动脉插管化疗（顺铂、氟脲嘧啶及丝裂霉素化疗3个周期）加放疗；B组为单纯放疗。2组放疗均为外照射加腔内照射。结果 A组的3年生存率（78．08％；P＜0．05）高，局部复发率（17．81％，P＜0．05）低，A、B2组远处转移率及直肠膀胱并发症发生率无显著性差异。A组中2种插管法的治疗效果无显著性差异。结论 动脉插管化疗合并放疗治疗晚期及巨块型宫颈癌，可提高生存率，降低局部复发率，但不能降低远处转移率。     

吉西他滨联合同步放化疗方案在晚期宫颈癌治疗中的应用价值

目的：评价吉西他滨联合同步放化疗方案在晚期宫颈癌治疗中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析83例晚期宫颈癌患者的临床资料。所有患者按给药方案分为吉西他滨组（G组）和顺铂组（C组）。 C组治疗包括6个剂量顺铂（40 mg／m2,每周）;G组治疗包括6个剂量吉西他滨（125 mg／m2,每周）。2组患者均联合同步放疗（50 Gy体外照射,2 Gy间隔调整照射剂量,连续照射5周）。放化疗后,患者行根治性子宫切除术。结果所有83例患者进行了毒性研究,80例患者数据可用。 C组和G组的病理完全缓解率分别为55．0％（95％置信区间,35．5～73％）和72．1％（95％置信区间,57～90％）,P＝0．0201。部分缓解患者,C组7例患者各有高、中程度的复发风险,而G组相应的复发风险患者只有2例和3例。每周剂量数目和剂量强度,G组低于C组。完成外照射时间,G组优于C组。 C组联合放化疗产生更多的胃肠道和血液毒性。结论吉西他滨联合同步放化疗治疗晚期宫颈癌的病理缓解率高于顺铂组,疗效确切。     

隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤术后放疗有效性系统评价和Meta分析

目的 评估术后放疗对隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤(DFSP)的疗效。方法 对2019年2月23日之前发表的655篇相关文章进行系统评价和Meta分析,纳入接受手术和术后放疗的DFSP患者共195例,其中手术联合术后放疗(PRT组)50例,单纯手术(SA组)145例。比较两组复发率。结果 Meta分析显示总复发率PRT组低于SA组(8%∶24.1%,OR=0.28,P=0.010),切缘阳性者复发率PRT组也低于SA组(8%∶61.5%,P=0.002),切缘阴性者复发率PRT组比SA组有下降趋势(6%∶21.6%,P=0.205)。结论 手术联合放疗复发率低于单纯手术治疗,手术切缘阳性者术后放疗可降低复发率,手术切缘阴性者术后放疗有复发率下降趋势。     

参麦注射液应用于宫颈癌同期放化疗中的疗效观察

目的 探讨参麦注射液应用于宫颈癌同期放化疗中的疗效.方法 选取宫颈癌患者200例,按照数字表法随机分组.对照组给予同期化疗+放疗,试验组给予同期化疗+参麦注射液+放疗.对比分析2组患者治疗效果及患者的5年后无病生存率及放射性肠炎发生率情况.结果 试验组患者的总有效率(95.00％)明显高于对照组患者的(58.00％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).试验组患者5年后无病生存率(75.00％)明显高于对照组患者(49.00％),且试验组患者的放射性肠炎发生率(4.00％)明显低于对照组患者的(31.00％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 参麦注射液应用于宫颈癌同期放化疗中的疗效显著,可以提高生存率,避免放射性肠炎的发生,安全可靠.     

Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy Versus No Radiotherapy for Stage IV Rectal Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Purpose

The aim of this study is to review the contemporary evidence comparing neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NRT) versus no radiotherapy (no RT) in patients with stage IV rectal cancer.

Methods

Literature was searched for studies using the following databases: Pubmed, EMBASE, Science Direct, Scopus, ASCOpubs, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Studies reporting outcomes for stage IV rectal cancer patients who underwent NRT or no RT were selected.

Results

A total of eight studies were included in this review (one RCT, five retrospective cohorts, two population-based studies). The only RCT in this review reported no significant difference in 2- and 5-year local recurrence (NRT versus no RT) 10.1% versus 23.8%, and 15.9% versus 26.9%, respectively. However, multivariate analysis showed the effect of treatment might not have differed between subgroups according to stage. Pooled analysis from five retrospective studies showed significantly improved local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) with NRT (risk ratio [RR] 1.15; 95% CI 1.01–1.31, p?=?0.03), which was maintained in the subgroup who underwent metastasectomy. (RR 1.18; 95% CI 1.01–1.37, p?=?0.04). Pooled 5-year overall survival (OS) showed a statistically significant benefit with NRT (RR 1.47; 95% CI 1.14–1.89, p?=?0.003), which was not seen in the subgroup who underwent metastasectomy (RR 1.31; 95% CI 0.94–1.82, p?=?0.11).

Conclusion

The current available evidence shows an LRFS benefit with NRT over no RT in patients with stage IV rectal cancer. The review also suggests a possible OS benefit with NRT, although this finding should be interpreted with caution.

     

调强适形放疗联合同期化疗治疗颈段食管癌

目的探讨调强适形放疗(IMRT)联合同期化疗治疗颈段食管癌的远期疗效及毒副反应。方法回顾性分析40例首程治疗为IMRT联合同期化疗的颈段食管癌患者的临床资料。放疗均采用IMRT,化疗方案为紫杉醇+顺铂(TP方案)或5-氟尿嘧啶+顺铂(PF方案),治疗后观察生存率及毒副反应。结果 1、2、3 a生存率分别为82.5%、60.0%、42.5%。急性毒副反应可耐受,远期毒副反应不明显。结论 IMRT联合同期化疗治疗颈段食管癌具有较好的远期疗效,毒副反应患者可耐受。     

调强放射治疗联合同步化疗治疗食管癌37例临床分析

[目的]观察调强放射治疗联合紫杉醇、顺铂化疗治疗食管癌的临床疗效与不良反应。[方法]37例经病理证实的食管癌患者行调强放射治疗,放疗的第1d联合紫杉醇、顺铂同步化疗。随访观察近远期疗效。[结果]全组完全缓解率81.1%,部分缓解率16.2%,总有效率为97.3%。中位生存时间为23.3个月,1、2、3年局部控制率和生存率分别为86.5%、48.6%、35.1%和86.5%、46.0%、29.7%。[结论]调强放射治疗联合紫杉醇顺铂化疗治疗食管癌局部控制率和生存率较高。     

三维适形放疗配合同期化疗治疗食管癌根治术后胸内淋巴结复发

目的 观察三维适形放疗（3 Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy,3DCRT）加每周顺铂单药同期化疗（Concurrent Chemotherapy,CT）治疗食管癌根治术后胸内淋巴结复发的临床疗效和治疗反应。方法 98例食管鳞癌,根治术后未经放化疗而胸内淋巴结复发,随机分为两组,单纯3DCRT组：全程3DCRT,处方剂量为95%PTV60~70Gy/30~35Fx;3DCRT+CT组：放疗同时采用每周DDP（30mg/m²）单药方案同期化疗,观察两组疗效和治疗反应。结果 3DCRT+CT组近期有效率明显优于3DCRT组(91.8%vs. 73.5%,P=0.016）,1、3年生存率也优于3DCRT组(85.7% vs. 69.4%,P=0.032;46.9% vs. 28.6%,P=0.038),5年总生存率两组差异无统计学意义(14.3%vs. 8.2%,P=0.051)。3DCRT+CT组死于远处转移5例,低于3DCRT组的13例（P=0.036）。3DCRT+CT组急性上消化道和骨髓不良反应较3DCRT组重（P＜0.05）,而后期并发症两组没有区别（P＞0.05）。结论 采用3DCRT配合同期化疗治疗食管癌根治术后胸内淋巴结复发是一种有效可行的方式,可提高肿瘤局部控制率,降低远处转移率,有提高长期生存率的趋势。     

调强放疗同步化疗治疗宫颈癌血液学毒性相关因素分析

目的 探讨调强放疗同步化疗治疗宫颈癌的过程中出现严重血液学毒性的相关因素。方法 回顾性分析126例调强放疗同步化疗的宫颈癌患者资料,对同步放化疗期间可能与严重血液学毒性相关的因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 单因素分析显示严重血液学毒性的发生与治疗前肌酐水平、放疗前是否接受化疗及是否有骨髓抑制、骨盆骨髓平均剂量、V20、V40及V50有关（P<0.05）。多因素分析显示骨盆骨髓平均剂量（OR: 1.004, 95%CI: 1.002~1.007）、V40（<41% vs. ≥41%, OR: 0.040, 95%CI: 0.007~0.235）、V50 （<9% vs. ≥ 9%, OR: 0.040, 95%CI: 0.011~0.152）和治疗前肌酐水平（<65 μmol/L vs.≥65 μmol/L, OR: 0.116, 95%CI: 0.030~0.441）与3~4级血液学毒性相关。结论 治疗前肌酐<65 μmol/L、V40<41%和V50<9%是宫颈癌患者同步放化疗期间3~4级血液学毒性发生率降低的相关因素。骨盆骨髓平均剂量越高,血液学毒性发生率增高。治疗前评估肾功能水平,严格控制骨盆骨髓的放疗照射体积及剂量,能减少宫颈癌患者血液学毒性发生,是顺利完成调强放疗同步化疗的保障。     

放疗联合卡培他滨同期治疗术后直肠癌疗效分析

目的探讨放疗联合卡培他滨同期治疗术后直肠癌的疗效和毒性。方法直肠癌术后患者67例,术后3～4周后先行改良的FOLFOX4方案化疗4次后行盆腔放疗,其中36例行单纯放疗,31例行同期放化疗。同期放化疗者从放疗的第1天开始给予卡培他滨825 mg/m2,2次/天,用至放疗结束。所有患者放疗结束后再用先前的化疗方案化疗4次。结果 67例患者中有66例完成了放疗。中位随访时间为26个月,有7例患者死亡,其中同期放化疗者中4例死亡,单纯放疗者中3例死亡。同期放化疗者中有1例盆腔复发,1例肝转移。单纯放疗者中有1例盆腔复发,2例肝转移和1例肺转移。结论直肠癌术后同期放化疗较单纯放疗有降低远处转移的趋势。     

Short-Course Radiotherapy in Neoadjuvant Treatment for Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

BackgroundTo assess whether preoperative short-course radiotherapy (PSRT) could be the treatment of choice compared to preoperative long-course chemoradiotherapy (PLCRT)MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science Databases were searched to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. Perioperative and survival outcomes between PSRT and PLCRT were selected as end points for our meta-analysis. In addition, health-related quality-of-life outcomes were also systematically reviewed between PSRT and PLCRT. Finally, we also reviewed evidence of optimized regimens of PSRT (with delayed surgery or adding consolidation chemotherapy).ResultsPLCRT showed a better pathologic complete response (pCR) rate (odds ratio = 0.05, 95% confidence interval = 0.02-0.18, P < .01), but this benefit did not translate into a higher sphincter preservation rate (odds ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval = 0.72-3.67, P = .25) or other perioperative outcome differences. In terms of survival outcomes, adding either PLCRT or PSRT both showed obvious advantages for local control compared to surgery alone, and PSRT and PLCRT had similar long-term outcomes irrespective of pairwise or network meta-analyses. Moreover, on the basis of health-related quality-of-life scores, PSRT and PLCRT also had no overall differences. Systematic review of current evidence indicates that the insufficiency of PSRT on pCR might be improved by delayed surgery or adding consolidation chemotherapy.ConclusionsPSRT could be the treatment of choice compared to PLCRT when pCR is not the primary aim. PSRT with delayed surgery or adding consolidation may provide further possibilities for the future evolution of neoadjuvant therapies.     

子宫颈癌局部化疗配合放疗疗效观察

对54例晚期宫颈癌患者在接受常规放疗前,采用顺铂进行肿瘤基底部注射.同期治疗的 52 例同期别宫颈癌患者为对照组.在接受放疗10 Gy 时,局部化疗组及对照组的外生肿瘤体积平均缩小为98.70%及 32.51%;放疗剂量达 30 Gy时,研究组全部外生肿瘤消退,对照组肿瘤消退者占30.77%.局部化疗未增加放疗的不良反应及并发症.研究结果显示,宫颈癌患者在接受常规放疗前配合局部顺铂化疗有显著的近期疗效,明显改善了患者的生存质量且毒副反应轻.     

同步放化疗后联合化疗对局部晚期宫颈癌患者预后的研究

目的 探讨同步放化疗后巩固化疗对局部晚期宫颈癌患者预后的影响.方法 选择拟行宫颈癌同步放化疗的患者200例,随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组采用同步放化疗后巩固化疗治疗,对照组采用单纯同步放化疗治疗,比较两组患者近期疗效、不良反应发生率、2年生存率和局部无进展生存率.结果 观察组近期疗效总有效率、胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制发生率(92.0％,90.0％,98.％)与对照组(88.0％,84.0％,96.0％)比较差异无显著统计学意义(P＞0.05);但观察组2年生存率和局部无进展生存率(92.0％,88.0％)显著高于对照组(78.0％,65.0％),具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 局部晚期宫颈癌患者同步放化疗后巩固化疗可有效改善患者预后,有望成为局部晚期宫颈癌患者的有效治疗手段.