颞下颌关节强直治疗方法分析

目的 探讨治疗颞下颌关节强直并有效防止复发的方法.方法 对3例外伤性颞下颌关节强直病例,除将残余关节盘复位缝合外,分别用喙突、残留髁状突及喙突联合钛金属关节头恢复颞下颌关节结构.结果 病例1术后1年复查,张口度为2.5 cm,咬合时下颌偏术侧.病例2术后1年复查,张口度为3.7 cm,咬合关系正常.病例3术后3个月复查,张口度为3.9 cm,前牙轻度开(牙合).结论 恢复关节的"正常"解剖结构,使残余的关节盘复位,保留残留的髁状突,并使其复位固定,有望提高颞下颌关节强直患者手术疗效,减少复发.     

创伤性颞下颌关节强直

颞下颌关节（TMJ）强直是一种严重影响下颌运动的疾病,创伤是其常见的病因,但创伤如何引起TMJ强直的发生,目前尚未完全阐明,本文就创伤性颞下颌关节强直危险因素、发病机制假说进行综述。     

颞下颌关节内强直的病因学分析

本文对中南大学附属湘雅医院口腔颌面外科 1990年 8月～ 2 0 0 0年 8月 10年内收治的 4 2例颞下颌关节内强直患者的致病因素进行分析 ,探讨颞下颌关节内强直的病因变化 ,以便指导临床实践。　　　一、材料与方法1.临床资料 :1990年 8月～ 2 0 0 0年 8月住院治疗并被确诊为颞下颌关节内强直的患者 4 2例。疾病诊断标准 :有损伤史或化脓性病史 ;张口受限呈进行性或完全不能开口 ;无颌间瘢痕 ,髁状突活动减弱或消失 ,儿童期发生者多伴有严重的面下部发育畸形和咬合关系错乱 ;在薛氏位片和关节侧位片上 ,可见正常关节解剖形态消失 ,关节间隙模糊…     

颞下颌关节强直治疗进展

颞下颌关节强直以张口受限为特点,易合并颌骨畸形和睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征,是临床治疗较为困难的一种疾病,容易复发。文章结合颞下颌关节强直的分类对其治疗进展做一综述。     

保留颞下颌关节盘治疗外伤性颞下颌关节强直

目的：应用保留颞下颌关节盘的手术方法治疗外伤性颞下颌关节强直,达到恢复颞下颌关节结构、改善面部外形和防止术后复发的目的。方法：对36例外伤所致Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型颞下颌关节强直病例进行手术,男16例,女20例,年龄5～54岁,病程1～16a,最大开口度0～1.5cm。新的手术方法是凿开关节窝与髁突之间的骨性融合,凿除前内侧移位的髁突骨折碎片,将残余的关节盘向外牵拉、复位,与外侧关节囊缝合,同时将髁突与关节窝磨改光滑。结果：36例病例中,21例术后随访1～7a,保留关节盘手术的病例均无复发,术后平均开口度为3.37cm。1例11岁患儿术后面部畸形得到改善。结论：保留颞下颌关节盘正常结构在防止外伤性颞下颌关节强直手术后复发以及生长发育期患者面部畸形中具有重要作用。     

不同手术方法治疗颞下颌关节强直疗效评价

本文随访了采用不同手术方法治疗的颞下颌关节强直63例,其中采用髁状突切除4例,裂隙式关节成形术38例,嵌入式关节成形术15例,第二趾趾关节带血管移植7例。随访结果,复发15例,复发率为24％;其中髁状突切除1例,裂隙式关节成形术13例,嵌入式关节成形术1例。本文着重对几种手术的优缺点进行了评价。认为单纯的髁状突切除及裂隙式关节成形术可因术后开颌肌群的收缩作用,常导致两切骨断端的重新愈着而复发,且复发率高.采用嵌入式关节成形术,即在切骨后的间隙内折入各种组织或组织代用品,可以起到防止复发和利于咀嚼功能的作用。本文主要采用的是硅橡胶帽的插入,取得了很好的手术效果。采用第二脚趾关节带血管移植重建颞下颌关节,在防止复发和术后咀嚼功能的恢复方面更优于其它手术方法,特别适用于多次手术复发的病人,不足之处是手术复杂,而且要牺牲一个脚趾,部分病人难以接受,这样就在一定程度上限制了它的推广应用。     

手术治疗颞下颌关节强直的临床分析

颞下颌关节强直分为纤维性和骨性强直,手术是其主要治疗手段。本文对1985年-2004年山东大学齐鲁医院口腔颌面外科收治的105例颞下颌关节强直的临床资料进行回顾性分析,旨在总结各种手术方式治疗的临床效果,为颞下颌关节强直的手术治疗提供参考。     

创伤性颞下颌关节强直临床分析

目的 分析引发创伤性颞下颌关节(temporomandibular joint,TMJ)强直的高风险髁突骨折类型,初步探讨TMJ强直发生的可能性机制.方法 对18例创伤性TMJ强直进行临床、影像学检查及评估.取纤维性强直外侧变性的关节囊、关节间的致密纤维组织及骨性强直关节外侧骨块和内侧骨块,HE染色,光镜观察.结果 ...     

第二跖趾关节带血管移植治疗颞下颌关节强直

1985年以来,国内外先后有学者报道应用带血管的跖趾关节移植治疗颞下颌关节强直,并获得了满意的效果;我科从1987年以来采用第二跖趾关节带血管游离移植治疗颞下颌关节强直7例,现     

颞下颌关节纤维性强直保守治疗的临床研究

目的：总结颞下颌关节纤维强直保守治疗的经验。方法：选择适当的颞下颌关节纤维性强直的病例共１１例,在全麻下,使用一定强度的外力使纤维性粘连撕裂松解。结果：１１例颞下颌关节纤维性强直全部治疗成功,治疗后外形及功能恢复良好。结论;用保守治疗的方法治疗颞下颌关节纤维性强直,较手术 许多优越性,但也存在着一些不足的方面,有待进一步探索,解决。     

Single stage treatment of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint using patient-specific total joint replacement and virtual surgical planning

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a debilitating condition that can result in pain, trismus, and a poor quality of life. It can be caused by injury, infection, and rheumatoid disease. Current management includes gap arthroplasty, interpositional arthroplasty, and reconstruction. Traditionally, joints are reconstructed using stock implants, or the procedure is done in two stages with an additional computed tomography (CT) scan between the resective and reconstructive procedures and use of stereolithographic models to aid the design of the definitive prostheses. We describe a technique for the resection of ankylosis and reconstruction of the joint in a single operation using virtually designed custom-made implants. Five patients with ankylosis of the TMJ had a single stage operation with reconstruction between 2010 and 2012. All had preoperative high-resolution CT with contrast angiography. During an international web-based teleconference between the surgeon and the engineer a virtual resection of the ankylosis was done using the reconstructed CT images. The bespoke cutting guides and implants were designed virtually at the same time and were then manufactured precisely using computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD-CAM) over 6 weeks. After release of the ankylosis and reconstruction, the patients underwent an exercise regimen to improve mouth opening. Follow-up was for a minimum of 6 months. Four patients had one operation, and one patient had two. Median/Mean maximum incisal opening increased from 0.6 mm before operation to 25 mm afterwards (range 23–27), and there was minimal surgical morbidity. This new method effectively treats ankylosis of the TMJ in a single stage procedure. Fewer operations and hospital stays, and the maintenance of overall clinical outcome are obvious advantages.     

Evaluation of fit feasibility of stock total joint replacement in temporomandibular joint ankylosis patients

Long standing adult temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) results in smaller ramal height, and warped and undulated ramus. Despite the efforts made to standardise the sizes available in stock joint (Zimmer Biomet®), the system causes fit challenges in TMJA patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the virtual feasibility of stock prostheses in TMJA patients. The data included amount of bone contouring for fossa placement, available ramal length, length discrepancy if placed straight, angulation of mandibular component required to adapt to the bone, and mediolateral fit discrepancy. CT data of 50 TMJA patients (71 joints; unilateral, n = 29; bilateral, n = 21; male, n = 33; female, n = 17) with mean age of 24.26 ± 8.88 years were included. 53 joints required more than 3 mm lateral bone reduction for fossa placement. The ramal length were categorised into ranges 35–40 mm (n = 15), 41–45 mm (n = 14), 46–50 mm (n = 28) and >50 mm (n = 14). Correlation between the age of occurrence of ankylosis and ramal length using the Pearson correlation coefficient revealed a positive correlation (r = 0.38, p = 0.001). Length discrepancy, angulation of mandibular component, and mediolateral fit discrepancy decreases as the ramal length increases. Only 14 joints had appropriate fit of stock prostheses while the remaining 57 joints warranted compromised placement. Even the smallest available stock mandibular component (45 mm) had a compromised fit in terms of length and adaptability on the lateral aspect of ramus. The study concludes that a short ramus is mostly limiting factor in using stock prosthesis in TMJA patients. There is a need for still smaller size stock prostheses.     

Efficacy of temporomandibular joint arthroplasty and insertion of a Matthews device as treatment for ankylosis of the joint: a case series

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a condition in which bony or fibrous adhesion of the anatomical joint components results in loss of function. This is particularly distressing and debilitating for patients who struggle to maintain good oral hygiene, which results in additional pain, oral disease, and ultimately, a poor aesthetic profile. A retrospective chart review was carried out to document the cases of three patients who attended a single centre for the management of ankylosis of the TMJ. Consent for chart review and use of photographs was gained from each one. Charts were obtained, records reviewed, and each of the cases written up for presentation in a case series. All three underwent arthroplasty of the TMJ and insertion of Matthews devices (two patients unilateral, one bilateral). All were followed up postoperatively. They experienced significant improvements in vertical mouth opening which have been maintained to the present. The Matthews device allows movement and physiotherapy postoperatively whilst maintaining the surgically created space. This prevents impingement on the tissues placed between the glenoid fossa and mandible, and appears to prevent relapse and further ankylosis. To our knowledge, few studies to date have documented the use of the Matthews device following interpositional arthroplasty of the TMJ.     

全颞下颌关节假体植入山羊后的安全性评价

目的:通过建立山羊全颞下颌关节置换模型,探讨植入后山羊的血液学和组织学变化,评价自行设计的人工全颞下颌关节假体的安全性。方法:取健康6个月龄山羊10只,随机选取6只山羊,根据其颞下颌关节螺旋CT所测参数,采用Surgicase5.0软件重建三维头颅模型,制备人工全颞下颌关节假体,选用超高分子量聚乙烯制备关节窝衬里,钛合金制作下颌固位柄及关节窝上方钛板,钴-铬-钼合金制备髁突。另4只作为正常对照组。手术切除实验组6只山羊右侧髁突及关节盘,进行全关节置换。术前1周及术后1周、1、3、6个月采血,测定肝、肾功指标。术后3、6个月取山羊的肝、肾组织和假体周围及对侧下颌骨组织,通过TUNEL染色检测凋亡细胞并进行组织病理染色。采用SPSS16.0软件包对数据进行成组t检验。结果:所有实验动物均存活至实验完成,能够正常进食。各时间点实验组与对照组肝、肾功指标差异无显著性,肝、肾组织病理染色以及凋亡率与正常对照组一致,实验侧与对照侧骨组织均无明显炎症反应,实验侧组织在术后3个月成骨细胞较对照侧增多,术后6个月与对照侧组织无显著差异。结论:自行研制的全颞下颌关节假体具有较好的生物相容性和生物安全性。     

术中CT在颞下颌关节强直疗效评价中的应用

目的 探讨术中CT在颞下颌关节（temporomandibular joint,TMJ）强直手术治疗效果评价中的应用价值。方法 回顾分析2016年7月—2018年12月完成的4例颞下颌关节强直患者的临床资料,分析一般资料特点、强直类型、扫描时间、CT引导的术中修正及术后效果。结果 在术中CT的引导下,4例（5侧）颞下颌关节强直手术均顺利完成。术中CT平均耗时（10.2±3.3）min,3例进行了术中修正,修正率75%。所有患者术后创口愈合良好,开口度平均38.8 mm,患者满意度100%。结论 术中CT提高了TMJ强直手术的精确性,保证了手术的安全性和可靠性。     

Changes in pain and mouth opening at 1 year following temporomandibular joint replacement—a prospective study

We describe the outcome of 46 patients 12 months after partial or total replacement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using the Christensen implant system (TMJ Implants Inc, Golden, CO, USA). The study group comprised 35 women and 11 men; the women were slightly older than the men at the time of operation. We studied three diagnostic groups in detail: patients who had ankylosis, internal derangement, and osteoarthritis. Those with ankylosis were slightly older than the others. Pain decreased over time in all three groups. There was a significant reduction between preoperative pain and that recorded 1 month postoperatively. After this point the pain decreased slowly, and by year 1 it had decreased significantly with respect to preoperative scores. Women reported worse preoperative pain than men, but not significantly so.     

Treatment of end stage temporomandibular joint disorder using a temporomandibular joint total prosthesis: The Slovenian experience

Purpose

The aim of this study was to analyse treatment results after alloplastic temporomandibular joint replacement surgery.

创伤性颞下颌关节外强直10例临床分析

总结分析10例创伤性颞下颌关节外强直患者的临床特点,如创伤及关节外强直类型、伴发颌面部骨折情况、病理、治疗方法及效果,为临床医师在诊断治疗上提供参考。     

Development and validation of temporomandibular joint ankylosis quality of life questionnaire

The patient-reported outcome measures are endorsed for better evaluation of disease impact and treatment outcomes. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis has been observed to adversely impact the quality of life (QoL) of the patients, affecting both the physical and psychosocial aspects of their lives. The study was conducted to develop and validate a TMJ ankylosis specific QoL questionnaire (TMJAQoL). It had two phases. Phase 1 was associated with the development of the questionnaire while phase 2 examined its psychometric properties and validated the instrument. In phase 1, a 65 item pool was generated and was eventually reduced to a 37 item pool after sequential evaluation by two expert groups. The 37 item draft was subjected to item reduction by the impact method, resulting in a 12 item draft divided into 4 domains, which formed the TMJAQoL questionnaire. In phase 2, the TMJAQoL was completed by 51 TMJ ankylosis patients and was found to have optimum validity, reliability and internal consistency. 44 of these patients completed the TMJAQoL again after the surgery. A significant change in mean cumulative TMJAQoL scores (pre-op = 14.10, post op = 4.05, p = .001) was found after the surgery. This change was significantly correlated to the improvement in the maximal incisal opening and the right and left lateral movements (r > .30). Amongst the TMJAQoL domains, significant improvement was seen in functional limitation (p = .026), psychological well being (p = .017) and social wellbeing domains (p = .038). Overall, improved QoL was observed after the TMJ surgery. The TMJAQoL demonstrated optimum psychometric properties and promises to be an effective QoL instrument for the TMJ ankylosis patients.     

创伤性颞下颌关节强直的分类和治疗进展

颞下颌关节强直是一类严重影响口颌系统功能的疾病,会导致开口受限,严重者引起面部畸形和睡眠呼吸暂停综合征等。由于创伤是引起颞下颌关节强直的主要原因,本文就创伤性颞下颌关节强直的诊断、分类和治疗进展等进行综述。