Detection of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Colon and Its Lymph Node Metastases with PCR and Southern Blot Hybridization

The etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a number of squamous malignant tumors is well known. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of colon is a rare disease with uncertain etiology. Our objective was to detect possible HPV infection in a colon SCC patient. The 94-year-old female patient was operated due to colon tumor causing passage disturbances. Histology confirmed SCC. Tumor tissue and the removed lymph nodes were examined with polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization techniques. Of HPV types most often occurring in malignant tumors (16, 18) the presence of HPV type 16 could be confirmed in the primary tumor and in four out of the nine surrounding lymph nodes, of which two were metastatic. HPV-16 infection could be detected in an SCC patient in the primary tumor and in surrounding lymph nodes. According to our knowledge, no similar study has been published yet.     

连接蛋白43、Kai1和PTEN蛋白在皮肤基底细胞癌中的表达及意义

 目的 探讨皮肤基底细胞癌（basal cell carcinoma,BCC）发生发展及其特殊生物学行为的相关因素。方法 免疫组织化学SP法分别检测35例皮肤BCC、10例正常皮肤和18例皮肤鳞状细胞癌（squamous cell cacinoma,SCC）组织中Cx43、Kai1、PTEN蛋白的表达;核酸分子原位杂交法检测Cx43 mRNA的表达。应用计算机图像分析系统分别检测各组中各种检测指标的阳性面积和表达强度; SPSS（13.0）软件包进行统计分析。结果 （1）Cx43蛋白、Cx43 mRNA在皮肤表皮中的表达呈强阳性,在BCC组呈阳性或弱阳性,在SCC组呈阴性或弱阳性。Cx43及其 mRNA在BCC组的表达与正常皮肤组及SCC组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。（2）Kai1、PTEN蛋白在皮肤表皮中的表达呈强阳性,在BCC组呈阳性或弱阳性,在SCC组呈阴性或弱阳性。Kai1、PTEN蛋白在BCC组的表达与正常皮肤组及SCC组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。（3）相关分析显示,BCC组织中,PTEN蛋白的表达与Kai1蛋白呈正相关(r=0.629,P<0.01),与Cx43蛋白(r=0.519,P＜0.01)也呈正相关;Cx43蛋白的表达与Cx43 mRNA呈正相关(r=0.732,P<0.01)。结论 （1）与正常皮肤组织比较,BCC中Cx43、Kai1、PTEN蛋白和Cx43mRNA低表达,可能在BCC发生发展的过程中发挥重要作用;（2）与SCC组织相比较,BCC中Cx43、Kai1、PTEN蛋白和Cx43mRNA高表达,可能与BCC生长缓慢及极少转移的生物学特性有关。     

Role of Human Papilloma Virus in Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is an important risk factor for head and neck cancer, specificallyoropharyngeal cancer, but its association with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is uncertain. Theobjectives were to determine the HPV16 prevalence in oral tongue SCCs, its integration status and to correlatethe expression of oncogenic proteins with targets. Methods: In this case-control study with oral tongue SCC cases(n=60) and normal oral mucosa (n=46), HPV positivity was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)using consensus and HPV 16 type specific primers and p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC). The viral integrationstatus was determined with primers specific to the E2 gene and in situ hybridization (ISH). Immunohistochemicalanalysis of HPV oncogenic proteins (E6, E7) and their target proteins (p53, pRb, cyclinD1, p16, Notch-1, EGFR)proteins was carried out in HPV positive cases. The data was analyzed with SPSS software (v 11.0). Survivalanalysis was carried out by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: HPV16 was detected in 48% (n=29) of the casesand none of the controls by PCR assay (p<0.001) while p16 IHC, as a surrogate HPV marker, detected 33%(n=18) of the cases; 18% (n=10) were detected by both the methods. Integration was observed in 83% (n=24)by E2-PCR and 67% (n=18) by ISH. The E6-p53 pathway was active in 33% of the cases; E7-pRb in 52% andboth in 11%. HPV positivity was associated with well-differentiated cancers (p=0.041) and low recurrence rate(p=0.014). Conclusion: Our study confirms a positive correlation of HPV infection with oral tongue cancer.     

不同宫颈组织中PIK3CA、PTEN和p16蛋白表达及其与HPV16/18感染的关系

 目的 探讨PIK3CA、PTEN和p16蛋白在人正常宫颈上皮、宫颈上皮内瘤变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN） 和宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达,以及PIK3CA、PTEN和p16蛋白表达与人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus,HPV）感染 之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学二步法在22例健康者宫颈组织、72例宫颈上皮内瘤变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN）和30例宫颈鳞癌组织中检测PIK3CA、PTEN和p16蛋白的表达,显色原位杂交方 法检测高危型HPV16/18的感染。结果PIK3CA和p16蛋白表达阳性率和HPV16/18的感染率均随着宫颈上皮逐渐恶变而 上升,PTEN蛋白表达却 呈现相反的结果。PIK3CA、PTEN、p16蛋白和 HPV16/18的感染率在宫颈鳞癌和CIN Ⅱ～Ⅲ组中的表达分别与对照组和CIN Ⅰ组相比,差异均有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）。在宫颈上皮内瘤变组织中,39例（76.47%）CIN Ⅱ～Ⅲ 中显示PIK3CA阳性,仅有9例 （42.86%）CIN Ⅰ中显示 PIK3CA阳性,两组间差异有统计学意义（P=0.006）,而PTEN和p16蛋白在宫颈上皮内瘤 变不同组别中相比差异均无统计学意义。在81例CIN Ⅱ～Ⅲ和鳞癌组织中,PIK3CA和p16蛋白呈显著正相关关系 （P=0.000,r=0.544）。PIK3CA、p16蛋白与PTEN蛋白表达之间,两者均呈显著负相关（P＜0.05）。 HPV16/18阳性的47例标本中,PIK3CA和p16蛋白几乎均呈阳性表达,呈显著正相关（P<0.01）,但PTEN蛋白却有37例呈阴性表达,无显著相关（P=0.116）。结论PIK3CA、PTEN、p16蛋白表达以及高危型HPV感染与宫颈癌的发生发展均密切相关。PIK3CA、PTEN、p16蛋白和高危型HPV感染联合检测,可作为宫颈癌早期癌变的分子标志物。高危型HPV感染可能有助于PIK3CA和p16蛋白的高表达。     

Frequency of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 Detection in Paraffin- Embedded Laryngeal Carcinoma Tissue

Background and Objective: Human papilloma virus (HPV) 16 and HPV18 have been detected in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and there is evidence that detection of HPVs would have better prognostic value than patients with HNSCC negative for HPVs. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate frequency of HPV 16 and HPV 18 genotypes in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Materials and methods: Fifty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks of laryngeal cancers were collected. Sections were prepared at 5 μm and DNA was extracted from each sample and subjected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect HPV-16/18 DNA s. Results: All samples were squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Overall 14/50 (28%) were positive for HPVs, 8 (18%) with HPV-16 and 6 (12%) with HPV-18. Additionally, 2 (4%) mixed infections of HPV 16 and 18 genotypes were observed among these cases. Conclusions: Overall, 28% of HNSCC samples proved positive for HPV16 and HPV18 genotypes, two high-risk HPV types. It is important to further assess whether such viral infection, could be a risk factor in HNSCC progression.     

高危型人类乳头瘤病毒-16、-18在喉鳞状细胞癌中的检测分析

目的探讨人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与喉鳞状细胞癌（LSCC）的关系。方法采用多对引物进行组织DNA聚合酶链反应（PCR）及原位杂交（ISH）技术对84例LSCC组织进行检测,从多角度、多方面印证HPV的感染。结果PCR检出HPV—L1阳性率为27-4％（23／84）,而针对HPV-16型、HPV。18型特异的E6／E7引物行PCR扩增的结果显示,29例（34．5％）为HPV-16型,6例（7．1％）为HPV-18型,其中4例（4．8％）为HPV-16、HPV-18混合感染。LSCC中HPV-16和HPV-18的总阳性率为36．9％。用地高辛标记的HPV-16E6探针进行的ISH结果显示喉癌组织中HPV-16E6mRNA的检出率为30．9％（26／84）。结论高危型HPV-16的感染可能参与LSCC的致癌过程,但其具体机制尚待进一步研究．     

Relationship between p21 and p53 expression, human papilloma virus infection and malignant transformation in sinonasal-inverted papilloma

AimsTo identify the relationship between p21 and p53 expression, human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and malignant transformation in sinonasal-inverted papilloma.Material and methodsNasal tissues, exophytic papilloma, inverted papilloma (IP) with dysplasia, IP with carcinoma and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were stained with the monoclonal antibodies p21 and p53. In-situ hybridisation for HPV DNA was also carried out for types 6/11, 16/18 and 31/33.ResultsSignificant increased staining of p21 and p53 was observed in IP with severe dysplasia, IP with carcinoma and invasive carcinoma compared with control nasal mucosa. A significant increase of dysplasia was observed in IP in the HPV 6/11 and 16/18-positive group, compared with the HPV 6/11 and 16/18-negative group. Significant decrease in expression of p21 and p53 was observed in HPV 16/18-positive IP compared with HPV 16/18-negative IP.ConclusionsOur data raise the possibility that testing for p21, p53 and HPV may help to screen out papilloma lesions with a potential for dysplasia or carcinoma.     

Prognostic significance of human papillomavirus genomes (type-16, -18) and aberrant expression of p53 protein in human esophageal cancer

The presence and distribution of human papillomavirus ( HPV) DNA or of increased expression of the p53 protein were determined in 71 patients with esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) by in situ hybridization with biotinylated DNA probes for HPV- 16, -18,-31 and -33, and immunohistochemical techniques using antibody to p53 protein. Of 71 patients from Kochi prefecture, 24 (Group I) were positive for HPV DNA , including 10 for HPV type-16 and 14 for HPV type-18; in contrast, none were positive for HPV-31 or -33. Of the remaining 47 patients, 24 (Group II) showed positive nuclear staining in cancer cells with p53 antibody. The group of 23 patients with neither HPV nor p53 expression (Group III ) had a significantly better survival rate than Group I or II. These results suggest that HPV- 16 and -18 may play a role in the pathogenesis of esophageal SCC, particularly with regard to its striking geographical distribution; that esophageal cancers do occur in the absence of HPV infection when over-expression of p53 is present; and that the presence of HPV infection and over-expression of p53 may each be a factor indicating a relatively poor prognosis.     

Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes 16 and 18 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Jordan

Background: Recently, associations of the human papillomavirus (HPV) with head and neck cancer have become well established. Of particular concern, the severity and pathological outcomes of squamous cell carcinomas are remarkably affected by the genotypes of HPV present in such lesions. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of HPV genotypes, particularly high risk 16 and 18, among oral and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas in Jordan. Methods: During the period of May 2015 to March 2016, we evaluated a total of 108 paraffin-embedded tissue samples, histologically confirmed as SCC, of both oral and laryngeal tumors for the presence of HPV DNA. DNA was extracted using a Zymogen commercial kit. HPV genotypes were detected by nested PCR using consensus primers followed by primer-specific PCR for HPV-16 and HPV-18 genotypes. The genotypes were confirmed by DNA sequencing methods. Results: Sixteen samples were positive for HPV DNA (14.8%) with higher rates in oral tumors compared to their laryngeal counterparts (20% and 6% respectively). The HPV-16 genotype predominated, being detected in 81.3% of the cases as a single infection and in 18.7% in combination with HPV-18. A significant association between the anatomical location and the HPV-16 genotype was observed (p < 0.05). In contrast, no significant associations could be established with tumor grade and gender or age. Conclusions: A relatively high rate of high-risk HPV genotypes, especially HPV 16, is evident in head and neck cancers SCCs in Jordan. Genotyping of HPV might be of considerable value for evaluation of progression.     

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Detection by Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (CISH) and p16 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in Breast Intraductal Papilloma and Breast Carcinoma

PurposeThis study explored human papillomavirus (HPV) amplification in breast benign and malignant lesions by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and the concordance of p16 expression by immunohistochemistry.Patients and MethodsThe presence of HPV6/11 and HPV16/18 in 33 cases of intraductal papilloma, 34 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 56 cases of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) was evaluated using matched-background breast parenchyma and breast reduction as control groups. Association with clinicopathologic factors including prognosis was assessed.ResultsHPV 6/11 was observed in 0 cases (0%) of breast reduction, one case (3%) of intraductal papilloma, 11 cases (32.4%) of DCIS, and eight cases (14.3%) of IBC. HPV 16/18 was detected in three cases of (9.1%) breast reduction, six cases (18.8%) of intraductal papillomas, 14 cases (41.2%) of DCIS, and 25 cases (44.6%) of IBC. There was no difference in the HPV status between intraductal papilloma and breast reduction. HPV amplification in intraductal papilloma did not associate with developing atypia or carcinoma after long-term follow-up. However, HPV 6/11 and HPV 16/18 amplification was significantly higher in both DCIS and IBC when compared with breast reduction (P < .05). Compared with background breast parenchyma, HPV 16/18 amplification was significantly higher in both DCIS and IBC (P = .003 and P = .013, respectively). No correlation between p16 immunohistochemical staining and either of the HPV CISH testing was found (P > .05).ConclusionHPV infection was detected in both breast lesions and background parenchyma. HPV infection may play a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer but is not associated with intraductal papilloma. Immunohistochemical stain for p16 is not a good surrogate marker for HPV infection in breast lesions.     

人乳头状瘤病毒16在食管癌不同人群中的检出率

背景与目的中国河南省安阳地区是食管癌高发区,有研究发现人乳头状瘤病毒(humanpapillomavirus,HPV)的感染是安阳地区食管癌的重要发病因素。本文研究HPV16型在中国北方不同地区食管癌患者中的感染率及其表达水平,以进一步明确HPV16与食管癌发病的相关性。方法用地高辛标记的HPV16E6探针做原位杂交(insituhybridization,ISH),检测河南省安阳食管癌高发区的食管癌患者(43例)、北京肿瘤医院散发食管癌患者(43例)和内蒙古自治区蒙古族食管癌患者(33例)的食管癌组织中HPV16的感染情况。结果ISH检查结果显示安阳、北京、内蒙古3个地区食管癌患者HPV16感染率分别为81.4%(35/43)、69.8%(30/43)和63.6%(21/33);安阳食管癌患者HPV16感染水平明显高于北京(H=3.91,P<0.05)和内蒙古(H=4.22,P<0.05)的食管癌患者。安阳食管癌患者中HPV16表达呈阳性、强阳性的比例明显高于北京和内蒙古食管癌患者(H=3.95,P<0.05)。结论HPV16在不同地区的食管癌患者中均有较高感染率。安阳食管癌高发区的患者感染HPV16的程度较严重。     

Detection of human papillomavirus-16 in ovarian malignancy

Human papillomavirus is the causal factor for cervical cancer. However, the role of HPV infection in ovarian cancer is unclear. This study aimed to determine the presence of human papillomavirus-16 (HPV-16) in ovarian cancer tissues. Archived human ovarian cancer tissues (N=54 cases, 50 are epithelial cancer, four are nonepithelial cancer) embedded in paraffin blocks were used. Controls are 30 nonmalignant ovarian tissue blocks. In situ hybridisation (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the presence of HPV-16 and p53 expression. In all, 52 or 36% of the epithelial ovarian tumours detected by ISH or IHC, respectively, were HPV-16 E6 positive. In contrast, only 6.7% of normal ovarian tissues were HPV-16 positive proved by ISH. Human papillomavirus-16 infection was significantly higher in cancer tissues compared to controls with an odds ratio of 16.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]=3.2-71.4, P<0.01). No significant correlation between HPV-16 infection and histological types of cancer was found (P>0.05). p53 gene expression was detected in 42% epithelial ovarian cancers. No correlation between p53 expression and HPV-16 infection was found. The results showed the presence of HPV-16 E6 in ovarian carcinoma, suggesting that HPV infection might play a role in ovarian carcinogenesis.     

CIN和子宫颈鳞癌的HPV16/18感染与p53、MDM2蛋白表达的关系

目的研究子宫颈鳞癌及C IN的HPV感染、p53蛋白和M DM 2蛋白的表达及三者之间的相互关系。方法选取子宫颈鳞癌61例、C IN 47例、正常子宫颈组织54例,分别采用原位杂交技术检测HPV 16/18感染,用免疫组化技术S-P法检测p53蛋白和M DM 2蛋白。结果HPV 16/18感染率鳞癌组为62.3%(38/61),C IN组为70.2%(33/47),对照组为16.7%(9/54)。C IN组和鳞癌组的HPV 16/18的感染率均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。而C IN组与鳞癌组的HPV 16/18感染率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。C IN组、鳞癌组、对照组的p53阳性率分别为19.1%(9/47)、26.2%(16/61)、3.7%(2/54)。C IN组、鳞癌组、对照组的M DM 2阳性率分别为14.9%(7/47)、26.2%(16/61)、7.4%(4/54)。C IN组和鳞癌组的p53阳性率均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05),C IN组与鳞癌组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。M DM 2阳性率鳞癌组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而在C IN组和鳞癌组之间、C IN组和对照组之间差异均无显著性(P值均>0.05)。在本实验各组中,p53与M DM 2之间的阳性率均无统计学相关(P值均>0.05)。p53阳性率和HPV 16/18感染之间差异无显著性(P值均>0.05),而M DM 2的阳性率与HPV 16/18感染仅在子宫颈鳞癌组呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论C IN及子宫颈鳞癌与HPV 16/18感染关系密切;p53和M DM 2均参与子宫颈癌及癌前病变的发生,但p53的突变、M DM 2的扩增和过表达均不占主导地位。     

人乳头瘤病毒感染和p53基因突变与宫颈癌的关系

目的：探讨人乳头瘤病毒１６ 和１８ 型及抑癌基因ｐ５３ 突变对宫颈的致癌作用以及 Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ 感染与ｐ５３ 基因突变的相关性。方法：采用聚合酶链反应（ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ） 技术和限制性酶切片段多态性分析（ Ｒ Ｆ Ｌ Ｐ） 技术对３４ 例原发性宫颈癌组织及３０ 例正常宫颈组织 Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ１６ ,１８ 型 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 及抑癌基因ｐ５３ 的突变进行了检测。结果： Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ１６ ,１８ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 在宫颈癌的总阳性率为６４７ ％ （２２／３４） ,正常宫颈组织只有６７ ％ 阳性,８例宫颈癌组织出现ｐ５３ 基因第６ 外显子突变,其中２ 例为 Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ１６ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 阳性、１ 例 Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ１８ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 阳性。结论：宫颈癌的发病与 Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ 感染及ｐ５３ 基因突变有关,宫颈癌组织中ｐ５３ 基因突变与 Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ 感染无关。     

Lack of Evidence for a Relationship between High Risk Human Papillomaviruses and Breast Cancer in Iranian Patients

Background: Whether there is any relationship between human papilloma virus (HPV) and breast carcinoma is not clear. Some previous studies have indicated a possible role in oncogenesis in the breast. In this study, we therefore analyzed the presence of HPV infection in breast tissues of Iranian women from Yazd city. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 87 patients with breast cancer and 84 cases with breast fibrocystic lesions (control group) were selected from a tissue archive. Grade of tumors and fibrocystic tissues were determined by two pathologists. The nested-PCR method was performed for detection of HPVs in samples. HPV genotypes were determined by sequencing and the phylogenetic tree depicted by MEGA software. Results: Of the 87 women with breast cancer, 22.9% (20 isolates) had positive results for HPV DNA. In the control group no HPV was detected. The HPV genotypes in positive samples were HPV-16 (35%) HPV-18 (15%), HPV-6 (45%) and HPV-11 (5%). The data did not approved a significant correlation between tissue pathology of breast cancer and the HPV genotype frequency. Conclusions: The data did not provide any evidence for a role of high risk HPV types in oncogenesis in the breast.     

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a Case-control Study in Wuhan,China

High risk forms of the human papilloma virus (HPV) are generally accepted as necessary causative agentsfor cervical cancer. Recently, a possible relation between HPV and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) hasalso been noticed. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in OSCCs inWuhan city. DNA samples were collected from fresh tissues in 200 patients with OSCC and 68 normal controls.The polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing were used to identify the HPV types in the samples. Theprevalence of HPV of all types in the OSCC group was higher than in the control group (55/200 vs 2/68, OR=11.5,95% CI=2.6-50.2). HPV16 and HPV18 were the main types detected, with HPV6 was the only low-risk typeidentified. High-risk HPV types HPV16 and HPV18 are prevalent in OSCC patients and may participate in thedevelopment of OSCC with traditional risk factors, tobacco and alcohol, possibly exerting synergistic effects.The results of multinomial logistic regression showed that those who smoked, consumed alcohol and with HPVinfection have the highest risk of developing oral cancer (OR=13.3, 95% CI=3.1-56.8). Adjusted for age, smokingand alcohol use, HPV infection was independently associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma.     

p16 Expression as a Surrogate Marker for HPV Infection in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma can Predict Response to Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common cancer in the north east of India. Thepresent study concerned the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) in the ESCC in north eastern India andits impact on response to chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: p16 expression, a surrogate marker for HPVinfection was assessed in 101 pre-treatment biopsies of locally advanced ESCC, reported from a comprehensivecancer centre in north east India, using immunohistochemistry. All patients received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.Response was assessed clinically and histopathologically with attention to p16 expression. Results: p16 wasexpressed in 22% of ESCC (22 out of 101) and was more prevalent in patients who were more than 45 years ofage (P=0.048). p16 positive tumors appeared more commonly in the upper 2/3 of the thoracic esophagus (18 in22). Nine of the 22 (41%) p16 positive tumors achieved pathologic complete response following neo-adjuvantchemotherapy (P=0.008). There was a trend towards reduced mortality in this group (P=0.048). Some 9 of the20 (45%) patients who achieved pathologic complete response were p16 positive. Conclusions: Expression ofp16 in ESCC correlates with higher rate of pathologic complete remission in patients undergoing neo adjuvantchemotherapy and could be a predictive marker for response assessment.     

bcl-2、p53在皮肤肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的探讨bcl-2、p53在几种皮肤肿瘤中的表达及意义。方法采用流式细胞术(FCM)和免疫荧光技术对皮肤鳞状细胞癌(SCC)、恶性黑色素瘤(MM)、基底细胞癌(BCC)、色素痣(PN)bcl-2、p53蛋白的表达进行定量分析,以荧光指数(FI)作为定量表达指标。结果鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌的bcl-2、p53基因蛋白的FI值均显著性高于正常对照(P<0.05),基底细胞癌的bcl-2基因的FI值显著性高于鳞状细胞癌(P<0.05),而二者的p53基因蛋白的FI值无显著性差异(P>0.05);恶性黑色素瘤、色素痣的bcl-2、p53基因蛋白的FI值均显著性高于正常对照(P<0.05),恶性黑色素瘤的p53基因的FI值显著性高于色素痣(P<0.05),而二者的bcl-2基因蛋白的FI值无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论鳞状细胞癌、恶性黑色素瘤、基底细胞癌、色素痣中均有bcl-2的表达,基底细胞癌bcl-2表达显著高于鳞状细胞癌,说明基底细胞癌的发生发展可能与细胞凋亡受抑密切相关;p53在恶性黑色素瘤的表达高于色素痣,说明p53为黑色素瘤的恶性标志,检测p53表达可以作为鉴别皮肤黑色素瘤恶性病变的辅助手段。     

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in cervical cancer: a multicenter study in China

A large-scale epidemiologic survey on the prevalence of different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer in China is indicated because of the implications for the development of diagnostic probes and vaccines against cervical cancer. A total of 809 cervical cancer specimens were collected from 5 regions in China including Shanghai, Guangzhou, Sichuan, Beijing and Hong Kong. HPV DNA was detected in 83.7% of the specimens. HPV-16 was present in 79.6%, HPV-18 in 7.5%, HPV-52 in 2.6% and HPV-58 in 3.8% of all HPV-positive specimens. The prevalences of HPV-16 and HPV-18 in Hong Kong were 61.7 and 14.8%, respectively, representing a lower HPV-16 and a higher HPV-18 proportion compared with the other regions. HPV-16 remained the most common HPV infection in both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC). The proportion of HPV-18 infection was significantly higher in AC than in SCC.