伊马替尼治疗124例慢性粒细胞白血病加速期和急变期疗效追踪

目的评价甲磺酸伊马替尼（伊马替尼）治疗Ph阳性（Ph^＋）慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）加速期和急变期的疗效。方法对75例Ph^＋CML加速期患者和49例急变期患者持续口服伊马替尼400mg／d或600mg／d进行疗效观察。结果加速期：中位追踪23．0（1．0～64．0）个月，累积获得的血液学总有效率为93．3％，包括完全血液学缓解（CHR）85．3％和回到慢性期（RCP）8．0％，无效6．7％。累积获得的主要细胞遗传学缓解（MCyR）率为33．0％，其中完全细胞遗传学缓解（CCyR）率为28．0％，获得CCyR患者中主要分子学缓解（MMoR）率为47．6％。治疗有效者中，预计4年无疾病进展生存（PFS）率和总生存（OS）率分别为48．2％和52．2％。全部患者中，严重白细胞、血红蛋白和血小板减少的发生率分别为37．3％、34．6％和45．3％。急变期：中位追踪4．5（0．3～63．0）个月，累积获得的血液学总有效率为63．3％，包括CHR44．9％和RCP18．4％，无效36．7％。累积获得的MCyR率和CCyR率均为12．2％，其中MMoR率为33．3％。治疗有效者中，预计1年PFS率和OS率分别为32．8％和46．0％，2年PFS率和OS率分别为15．8％和21．0％。全部患者中，严重白细胞、血红蛋白和血小板减少的发生率分别为75．5％、71．4％和73．5％。结论①伊马替尼对Ph^＋CML的疗效随疾病进展的程度递减，严重血液学毒性递增。②多数加速期患者PFS期明显延长，特别是获得持久CCyR甚至MMoR者。③绝大部分急变期患者血液学效应短暂，复发率高。     

Association between serum lactate dehydrogenase and 60‐day mortality in Chinese Hakka patients with acute myeloid leukemia: A cohort study

BackgroundThere is evidence that a high level of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is associated with poorer overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but its link to 60‐day mortality of AML remains unclear.MethodsAll patients newly diagnosed with AML were included in this cohort study. LDH was measured for the first time after admission. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between serum LDH and 60‐day mortality. Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted including age, sex, albumin, glucose, myoglobin, and standard chemotherapy.ResultsThree hundred and seventy‐one patients ≥15 years of age, who were newly diagnosed with AML, were consecutively selected. The total prevalence of 60‐day mortality was 27.2% (101/371), while it was 32.1% (42/131) and higher than in the LDH ≥570U/L compared with the LDH<570U/L, with the prevalence of 24.6% (59/240); however, the difference was not statistically significant. In multivariate regression models, odd ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for Log₂ and twice limit of normal (ULN) of LDH were 1.46 (1.0, 2.14) and 2.76 (1.24, 6.16), respectively. Interaction analysis revealed no interactive role in the association between LDH concentration and 60‐day mortality.ConclusionsSerum LDH level was associated with 60‐day mortality, especially for the patients with LDH ≥570U/L.     

Special case of a patient in the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia successfully treated with tocilizumab during critical SARS-CoV-2 infection

The medical care of patients with hematological malignancies who develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a major challenge during the current pandemic. We herein describe a patient in the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia who was hospitalized for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The patient was successfully treated with tocilizumab, and intubation was avoided. The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection is mostly related to a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome that develops secondary to cytokine release syndrome, and interleukin 6 is the main cytokine involved in cytokine release syndrome. Very few reports have described the use of tocilizumab in patients with hematologic malignancies who develop SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a few cases of patients with multiple myeloma have been reported. To our knowledge, however, this is the first report of a SARS-CoV-2–infected patient in the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia who had a favorable response to treatment with tocilizumab. The management of patients with hematological malignancies who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 is a major challenge for practitioners, necessitating more specific research in this direction.