非体外与常规体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的比较

目的 比较非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)与常规体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(CCABG)的初期效果. 方法 回顾性地将76例单独行冠状动脉旁路移植术的患者分为OPCAB组(n=46)和CCABG组(n=30).OPCAB组患者通过胸骨正中切口,在非体外循环心脏不停跳下完成冠状动脉旁路移植术;CCABG组建立常规体外循环,心脏停搏下完成冠状动脉旁路移植术.对2组病例的术前和术后各项指标进行比较. 结果 2组患者术前的一般情况无差异.OPCAB组与CCABG组的移植旁路血管数分别为(2.8±0.9)支及(2.7±0.9)支(P＞0.05);术后多巴胺使用率为32.6%比70.0%(P＜0.05).OPCAB组术后胸腔引流量和输血量较少,呼吸机辅助时间、ICU留观时间和住院时间均较短,住院费用较低(P均＜0.05).术后并发症的发生率OPCAB组为10.9%,CCABG组为30.0%,两组比较差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组患者均无手术中死亡;术后心绞痛症状均消失. 结论 OPCAB治疗冠心病的初期效果优于CCABG,但其近、远期疗效还需进一步观察.     

冠状动脉旁路移植术216例围术期并发症临床分析

目的总结分析冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的围术期并发症的发生情况。方法 2003年1月-2012年9月共施行CABG 216例,其中行体外循环CABG 66例,行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)150例;每例移植血管1~5支,平均(3.1±1.4)支。同期行心瓣膜手术38例,室壁瘤切除术6例。结果围术期病死占4.2%(9/216),死于低心排血量综合征3例,术后心跳骤停2例,肾功能衰竭2例,多脏器功能衰竭1例,神经系统并发症1例。结论冠状动脉旁路移植术是治疗冠心病的有效方法,高危患者术后并发症发生率较常规患者高,应选择合适的病例,加强围术期综合管理,提高成功率。     

重度肺功能减退患者的冠状动脉旁路移植术

目的　探讨重度肺功能减退患者行冠状动脉旁路移植术的方法和围术期处理。方法　 2 1例重度肺功能减退患者均为混合性通气功能障碍 ,以限制性通气功能障碍为主者 4例 ,以阻塞性通气功能障碍为主者 17例。 6例在常规体外循环下行冠状动脉旁路移植术 (CCABG) ,15例为非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术 (OPCAB)。结果　术后出现呼吸系统并发症 9例 ,呼吸衰竭 4例 (CCABG3例 ,OPCAB1例 )。 1例因多器官功能障碍并发上消化道大出血死亡 ,余患者痊愈出院。结论　术前充分的准备、术中选择OPCAB、术后良好的呼吸道管理 ,有助于提高重度肺功能减退患者冠状动脉旁路移植术的效果     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术91例

目的 总结91例非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCAB）的手术经验。方法 2002年4月～2007年4月，采用非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术治疗冠心病91例，男83例，女8例，年龄36～80岁，其中二支血管病变13例，三支血管病变78例，合并左主干病变15例，均在非体外循环、心脏不停跳下进行冠状动脉旁路移植术，8例搭桥4支，67例搭桥3支，16例搭桥2支。89例应用左乳内动脉吻合前降支，15例应用桡动脉吻合后降支，其余均采用大隐静脉吻合。8例应用主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）。结果 全组91例共行冠脉搭桥265支，平均2．91支／人，全组死亡1例，全组无出血和脑部并发症发生。结论 非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术是安全可行的手术方式，可避免体外循环的并发症．手术效果满意。     

左胸廓内动脉联合桡动脉行冠状动脉旁路移植术早期临床疗效

目的 探讨体外循环与非体外循环下左胸廓内动脉(left internal thoracic artery, LITA)联合桡动脉(radial artery, RA)行全动脉化冠状动脉旁路移植术(total arterialized coronary artery bypass grafting, TA-CABG)的早期临床效果。方法 回顾性分析山东省千佛山医院心脏外科2020年1月至2022年6月接受全动脉化冠状动脉搭桥术105例患者临床资料,其中不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术(off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, OPCAB)患者59例,为OPCAB组,体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, ONCAB)患者46例,为ONCAB组。分析包括术前资料、术中桥血管获取及吻合方式、术后并发症及处理措施,所有患者术后12个月复查冠状动脉CT血管造影(computed tomography angiography, CTA),并评估桥血管通畅率及不良心血管事件发生率。结果 ONCA...     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床应用

目的:探讨非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)的手术经验及临床应用。方法:回顾分析我院自2004年3月-2007年12月采用非体外循环不停跳下进行冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠心病37例的临床资料,全组均应用左乳内动脉吻合前降支,2例患者术前及术中应用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)临时辅助。结果:全组37例共行冠脉搭桥109支,平均2.94支/人,3例搭桥4支,29例搭桥3支,5例搭桥2支。全组死亡1例,全组无出血和脑部并发症发生。结论:非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植手术是安全可行的手术方式,可避免体外循环的并发症,手术效果满意。     

体外与非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术疗效比较的荟萃分析

目的使用Meta分析比较非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)和常规体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(CCAB)对冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的治疗效果。方法检索2006～2010国内关于非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术和体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术手术后疗效分析的临床研究,收集相关数据并用RevMan 5.1统计软件进行Meta分析。结果检索并纳入本次研究的文献共16篇,合计病例2687例(OPCAB组1489例,CCAB组1198例)。Meta分析结果示,非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植组在术后引流量、输血量、呼吸机辅助时间、留住ICU时间、住院时间、术后并发症发生率上都明显低于体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植组(P<0.05),而两组在年龄和移植血管数上无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论近期观察非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠状动脉病变比体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植治疗效果更好。     

280例冠状动脉旁路移植术临床分析

目的总结分析非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)治疗冠心病的效果和临床经验。方法1998年3月~2004年10月,280例冠心病(CAD)患者接受冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)。OPCAB实施率(即OPCAB占单纯冠状动脉旁路移植术的百分比)为94.7%。平均年龄63.1岁。合并瓣膜病变11例,合并室壁瘤9例。左室射血分数(LVEF)平均(47±14)%。5例急诊手术,其中2例术前放置主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)。32例在常规体外循环下手术;248例采用非体外循环心脏不停跳技术,术中改施体外循环6例。其中5例全动脉化、2例全静脉化旁路移植术。结果平均每例远端吻合口2.95。4例左前胸部小切口单支病变旁路移植术,其余均为正中切口,多支病变的CABG手术。死亡3例(1.07%)。结论OPCAB手术安全可行,早期效果满意,远期效果有待进一步观察。实施OPCAB要求具备独特的技术和方法。     

280例冠状动脉旁路移植术临床分析

目的总结非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)的治疗效果和临床经验。方法选自1998-03~2004-10间280例冠心病(CAD)患者接受冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)。OPCAB实施率(即OPCAB占单纯冠状动脉旁路移植术的百分比)为94.7%。平均年龄63.1岁。合并瓣膜病变11例,合并室壁瘤9例。左室射血分数(LVEF)平均47%±14%。5例急诊手术,其中2例术前放置主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)。32例在常规体外循环下手术;248例采用非体外循环心脏不停跳技术,术中改施体外循环6例。其中5例全动脉化、2例全静脉化旁路移植术。结果平均每例远端吻合口2.95个。4例左前胸部小切口单支病变旁路移植术,其余均为正中切口,多支病变的CABG手术。死亡3例(1.07%)。结论OPCAB手术安全可行,早期效果满意,远期效果有待进一步观察。OPCAB具备独特的技术特点和方法。     

60岁以上患者体外和非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术后早期肾功能损伤研究

目的探讨体外及非体外循环两种冠状动脉旁路移植术式对60岁以上患者术后早期急性肾功能损伤的影响。方法回顾性分析95例择期行冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗的患者的临床资料,其中非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术患者51例(OPCAB组),常规体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术患者44例(CCABG组),检测术前,术后1、2、3 d和术后7 d的血清肌酐值(Cr)。观察两组患者术后肌酐变化情况。结果两组患者术前血清Cr水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CCABG组术后肌酐值高于OPCAB组(P<0.05),OPCABG组肌酐水平在1 d后达到高峰值,CCABG组在2 d后达高峰值。OPCAB组发生5例急性肾功能损伤(AKI),CCABG组发生11例AKI,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于60岁以上患者,非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术对患者肾功能保护更有利。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.