强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

目的 了解强化精氨酸肠内营养(EN)对严重烧伤患者营养状况及细胞免疫功能的影响.方法 采用随机、单盲、平行、阳性对照的原则,将30例严重烧伤患者分为肠内免疫营养(EIN)组和EN组.EIN组16例患者接受强化精氨酸EN治疗,EN组14例接受标准EN治疗,均持续14 d.观察2组患者治疗期间胃肠道反应,于其接受营养治疗前和治疗第7、14天清晨抽取空腹静脉血,检测血清蛋白水平、肝肾功能指标、空腹血糖值及外周血T淋巴细胞哑群.结果 (1)EIN组患者胃肠道不良反应发生率(25.0%)与EN组(21.4%)接近(P>0.05).(2)与营养治疗前比较,2组患者治疗后第7、14天血清前白蛋白和转铁蛋白水平均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),但组间比较水平接近(P>0.05);治疗第14天,2组患者血清总蛋白均显著高于治疗前,且EIN组水平[(66±7)S/L]显著高于EN组[(64±11)g/L,P<0.05];EIN组治疗第7、14天血清白蛋白水平[(29±5)、(32±5)g/L]显著高于治疗前[(26±4)g/L,P<0.05或P<0.01],EN组治疗前后白蛋白值无明显变化.(3)2组患者营养治疗前后大部分肝肾功能指标及空腹血糖值无明显变化(P>0.05).(4)治疗第14天,EIN组CD4+、CD8+细胞百分比与治疗前相近,EN组CD4+显著低于治疗前而CD8+显著高于治疗前(P<0.05);EIN组CD4+细胞百分比[(56±8)%]显著高于EN组[(55±12)%,P<0.05];2组患者CD3+细胞百分比均显著高于治疗前(P<0.05或P<0.01),CD4+/CD8+均无明显变化.结论 强化精氨酸EN能有效改善烧伤患者营养状况及细胞免疫功能.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

早期肠道喂养改善烧伤后肠道血液灌流的实验研究

目的 探讨早期肠道喂养改善烧伤大鼠肠血液灌流的机理。方法 采用３０％体表面积Ⅲ度烧伤大鼠模型,分为正常对照（Ｃ）、单纯烧伤（Ｂ）和早期喂养（ＶＩＰ）含量及肠粘膜血流量（ＬＭＢＦ）。结果 烧伤后肠组织中ＥＴ、ＮＯ、ＶＩＰ及ＥＴ／ＶＩＰ比值均呈上升趋势,而ＩＭＢＦ则显著低于伤前。ＥＦ组中ＥＴ含量及ＥＴ／ＮＯ、ＥＴ／ＶＩＰ比值明显低于Ｂ组,而ＮＯ、ＶＩＰ及ＩＭＢＦ则高于Ｂ组,肠道喂养烧伤后肠道缺血状况的     

早期肠道营养对烧伤后肠道功能的维护

选择平均烧伤面积45%成人21例,随机分为早期喂养(EF 组)和延迟喂养组(DF 组),探讨早期肠道营养对严重烧伤病人肠道功能的维护作用。结果表明内毒素在伤后4,8天 EF 组显著低于 DF组(P<0.05～0.01);而 SOD 则呈相反的变化,在伤后4,8天 EF 组显著高于 DF 组(P<0.01);胃泌素和胃动素除伤后第1天的大多时相点 EF 组显著高于 DF 组(P<0.05～0.01),而炎症介质 TNF 和IL—8则呈相反的变化,两组间差异有显著意义(P<0.05～0.01)。提示早期肠道营养可降低循环内毒素水平,减轻肠道缺血性再灌注损伤,削弱、阻滞“内毒素——炎症介质”对肠粘膜的损伤。     

早期肠内营养对烧伤后高代谢反应调节作用的研究

目的 观察早期肠内营养对烧伤高代谢反应的调节作用。方法 通过３０例烧伤患者用间接测热法监测静息能量消耗（ＲＥＥ）,监测血浆激素、脂类调节因子、细胞因子水平,并结合临床疗效和氮平衡变化来评价早期肠内营养的作用。结果 早期肠内营养（ＥＥＮ）组较延迟肠内营养（ＤＥＮ）组ＲＥＥ显著下降（Ｐ＜０.０５－０.０１）,升高的时间缩短（Ｐ＜０.０５）;ＥＥＮ组非蛋白呼吸商（ＮＰＲＱ）较ＤＥＮ组更接近生理状态,负氮平衡时间缩短。伤后第４天ＥＥＮ组血浆去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）、胰高糖素（ＧＬＵＣＡＧＯＮ）、前列腺素Ｅ２（ＰＧＥ２）、血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）、低于ＤＥＮ组（Ｐ＜０.０５）;伤后８－１２d肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦ－α）、白细胞介素－６（ＩＬ－６）显著低于ＤＥＮ组（Ｐ＜０.０５－０.０１）,胰岛素水平呈相反变化。结论 严重烧伤后尽早开始肠内营养对高代谢反应有重要的调节作用。     

早期肠道营养对烧伤后肠道功能的维护

选择平均烧伤面积４５％成人２１例，随机分为早期喂养（ＥＦ组）和延迟喂养组（ＤＦ组），探讨早期肠道营养对严重烧伤病人肠道功能的维护作用。结果表明内毒素在伤后４，８天ＥＦ组显著低于ＤＦ组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）；而ＳＯＤ则呈相反的变化，在伤后４，８天ＥＦ组显著高于ＤＦ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；胃泌素和胃动素除伤后第１天的大多时相点ＥＦ组显著高于ＤＦ组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），而炎症介质ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ－８则呈相反的变化，两组间差异有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）。提示早期肠道营养可降低循环内毒素水平，减轻肠道缺血性再灌注损伤，削弱、阻滞“内毒素——炎症介质”对肠粘膜的损伤     

早期肠道喂养可降低严重烫伤大鼠肠淋巴液内毒素水平

目的观察早期肠道喂养对严重烫伤大鼠肠淋巴液中内毒素的影响,探讨严重烫伤大鼠早期肠道喂养在保护肠粘膜屏障中的作用。方法采用大鼠肠淋巴瘘模型,随机分为烫伤早期肠道喂养组,烫伤对照组和单纯手术对照组,致伤前和伤后3,6,12,24小时收集肠淋巴液,测定内毒素清除量,光镜、电镜观察回肠粘膜病理改变。结果烫伤后内毒素清除量明显升高;光镜观察表明,回肠绒毛中央乳糜管明显扩张,肠上皮细胞坏死脱落;电镜观察表明,肠上皮细胞间囊性扩张,微绒毛坏死脱落,线粒体空化、嵴断裂,核周间隙扩张。早期肠道喂养组,肠淋巴液内毒素清除量明显低于烫伤对照组;光镜和电镜观察表明,回肠粘膜病理改变有不同程度的减轻。结论早期肠道喂养对大鼠肠粘膜屏障具有保护作用,从而降低了肠淋巴液中内毒素水平。     

早期肠内免疫营养对烫伤大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的了解早期肠内免疫营养对烫伤大鼠全身及肠道免疫功能的影响。方法将健康SD大鼠分为标准营养组（EN组）和免疫营养组（EIN组），每组32只。将两组大鼠制成烧伤总面积30％TBSA的Ⅲ度烫伤模型，于伤后1、4、7、10d检测其外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、肠黏膜增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达水平、浆细胞数量及肠黏液分泌型免疫球蛋白A（S-IgA）含量的变化。另取8只健康大鼠检测上述指标作为正常参考值。结果（1）与正常值比较，伤后EN组CD3^＋、CD4^＋、CD4^＋／CD8^＋降低但CD8^＋升高，与各项指标大部分时相点比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。伤后10d与EN组（CD4^＋／CD8^＋为1．26±0．10）比较，EIN组CD3^＋、CD4^＋、CD4^＋／CD8^＋（CD4^＋／CD8^＋为1．86±0．25）升高而CD8^＋下降（P〈0．01）。（2）伤后4、7、10d，EIN组肠黏膜PCNA表达水平、浆细胞数量及肠黏液S-IgA含量较EN组明显升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论烫伤后早期给予肠内免疫营养，可以提高全身及肠道免疫功能，效果优于标准肠内营养。     

严重烧伤后早期肠道营养加用谷氨酰胺对肠道血流量及氧耗量的影响

采用 TBSA 30%Ⅲ度小型香猪烧伤模型,经肠系膜下静脉门静脉和髂动脉插管,以动态观察早期肠道营养加入谷氨酰胺(0.64g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))对烧伤后肠道血流量和氧耗量的影响,结果显示谷氨酰胺能明显增加烧伤后肠道的血流量和氧耗量,减轻肠道的再灌注损伤。     

严重烧伤后早期肠道营养加用谷氨酰胺对肠道血流量及氧耗量的影响

采用ＴＢＳＡ３０％Ⅲ度小型香猪烧伤模型，经肠系膜下静脉门静脉和髂动脉插管，以动态观察早期肠道营养加入谷氨酰胺（０．６４ｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１）对烧伤后肠道血流量和氧耗量的影响，结果显示谷氨酰胺能明显增加烧伤后肠道的血流量和氧耗量，减轻肠道的再灌注损伤。     

早期肠道喂养可降低严重烫伤大鼠肠淋巴液内毒素水平

目的观察早期肠道喂养对严重烫伤大鼠肠淋巴液中内毒素的影响，探讨严重烫伤大鼠早期肠道喂养在保护肠粘膜屏障中的作用。方法采用大鼠肠淋巴瘘模型，随机分为烫伤早期肠道喂养组，烫伤对照组和单纯手术对照组，致伤前和伤后３，６，１２，２４小时收集肠淋巴液，测定内毒素清除量，光镜、电镜观察回肠粘膜病理改变。结果烫伤后内毒素清除量明显升高；光镜观察表明，回肠绒毛中央乳糜管明显扩张，肠上皮细胞坏死脱落；电镜观察表明，肠上皮细胞间囊性扩张，微绒毛坏死脱落，线粒体空化、嵴断裂，核周间隙扩张。早期肠道喂养组，肠淋巴液内毒素清除量明显低于烫伤对照组；光镜和电镜观察表明，回肠粘膜病理改变有不同程度的减轻。结论早期肠道喂养对大鼠肠粘膜屏障具有保护作用，从而降低了肠淋巴液中内毒素水平。     

肠内营养添加谷氨酰胺对烧伤患者的免疫调理作用

目的 了解烧伤后早期肠内营养添加谷氨酰胺(Gln)对患者免疫调理状态的影响.方法 将24例烧伤患者随机分为2组,每组12例.标准营养(EN)组:给患者喂食标准肠内营养制剂能全力;免疫营养(EIN)组:喂食能全力+Gln.分别于伤后1、4、7、10 d清晨空腹抽血,检测血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PAB)、转铁蛋白(TF)和免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM的浓度以及T淋巴细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+、CD8+和CD4+/CD8+的比值.结果 伤后各时相点2组患者TP、ALB、TF、CD3+、IgM组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).伤后4、7、10 d,EIN组患者PAB浓度分别为(90±14)、(92±16)、(106±21)mg/L,显著高于EN组(60±15)、(64±13)、(72±17)mg/L(P＜0.05).伤后7、10 d,EIN组CD4+细胞百分比为(55±5)%、(56±5)%,明显高于EN组的(45±5)%、(49±5)%(P＜0.05);CD4+/CD8+比值为1.92±0.31和2.36±0.36,明显高于EN组的1.53±0.27和1.72±0.42(P＜0.05);IgA分别为(2.8±0.6)、(3.1±0.6)g/L,IgG为(12.1±1.3)、(14.2±1.3)g/L,显著高于EN组的IgA[(2.2±0.5)、(2.5±0.5)g/L,P＜0.05]和IgG[(9.8±1.2)、(10.4±1.3)g/L,P＜0.05].结论 添加Gln的肠内营养制剂可以促进免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG的合成并增加PAB浓度,改善患者营养状况,纠正免疫功能紊乱.