心血管内科重症患者护理中护理风险管理的应用研究

目的:研究心血管内科重症患者护理中护理风险管理的应用价值。方法:选取2019年1月～2020年1月我院收治的心血管内科患者90例作为研究对象,按照电脑数字抽签方式随机对全部患者进行平均分组,研究组与参照组患者各45例。对研究组患者使用风险管理护理模式,对参照组患者使用常规护理管理模式,对比两组患者护理满意度评分以及风险事件发生情况。结果:研究组患者护理满意度评分高于参照组患者护理满意度评分,P0.05;研究组患者风险事件发生率低于参照组患者风险事件发生率,P0.05。结论:对心血管内科重症患者使用风险管理护理模式能够降低风险事件发生率,提高护理满意度,建议在心血管内科病房中进行广泛应用。     

风险管理在胸外科护理管理中的应用

目的探讨风险管理在胸外科护理管理中的应用价值。方法该组研究纳入该院收治的30例胸外科患者,病例资料选取时间从2015年4月-2019年4月,将所有患者按照随机数字表法分成两组。对照组15例患者实施常规化护理,而研究组15例患者实施风险管理,记录护理工作中的护理差错、护理并发症和护理投诉事件,比较两组患者的护理风险事件发生率,并评估两组患者的护理满意度。结果研究组患者中发生护理差错、护理并发症和护理投诉事件等护理风险事件的发生率为6.66%,明显低于对照组的发生率40.00%;两组间数据对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者的护理满意度为93.33%,明显高于对照组的满意度60.00%,两组间数据对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。管理后两组患者的护理病历书写评分和护理综合评分均有所提高,且研究组患者的护理病历书写评分和护理综合评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在胸外科护理管理中积极开展风险管理有利于降低护理风险事件发生率,提高文书书写质量和整体体护理水平,并且提高患者对护理工作的满意度。     

护理风险管理在肝胆外科手术患者中临床应用价值

目的分析护理风险管理在肝胆外科手术患者中临床应用的价值。方法选取我院于2017年3月-2018年3月,1年间收治的肝胆外科手术患者190例,将其按照不同护理方式均分为研究组(95例,风险管理护理)与对照组(95例,常规护理)。观察对比两组护理满意度与风险事件发生率。结果研究组护理满意度与风险事件发生率远优于对照组,且差异显著(P 0.05)。结论使用风险管理护理对肝胆外科手术患者,能够显著提升护理满意度及减低风险事件发生率,值得临床推广应用。     

人文关怀应用于自费体检者健康体检的效果分析

目的 探讨人文关怀在自费体检者健康体检中应用效果.方法 我院于2016年2月在体检部实施人文关怀护理模式,比较实施前3月及实施后3月内不良事件、纠纷、投诉发生率,并于实施前3月内及实施后3月内随机选取60名自费进行健康体检体检者作为对照组和研究组,比较两组患者护理满意度.结果 实施前3月内不良事件、纠纷、投诉发生率均高于实施后3月内,比较有统计学意义(P<0.05).研究组患者护理满意度(96.67%)显著高于对照组护理满意度(81.67%),比较有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 人文关怀护理在自费体检者健康体检中应用,能降低不良事件、纠纷、投诉发生率,提高体检者护理满意度.     

护理风险管理在门诊护理管理中的应用效果

目的探讨护理风险管理在门诊护理管理中的应用效果。方法2018年5月—2019年5月,将接受门诊治疗的120例患者作为研究对象,按照是否实施护理风险管理将其分为对照组60例(常规门诊风险管理);观察组60例(护理风险管理),对比两组满意度、投诉以及风险事件。结果对照组患者护理满意度为73.33%,明显低于观察组96.67%(P<0.05)。对照组患者投诉以及风险事件发生率,明显高于观察组(P<0.05)。对照组护理人员理论成绩、操作成绩合格率,明显低于观察组(P<0.05)。结论通过在门诊护理管理中实施护理风险管理,能够显著提高患者的满意度,减少患者投诉以及风险事件的发生,提高护理人员理论及操作能力。     

风险管理对急诊科护理风险事件发生率的控制效果分析

目的探讨和研究风险管理措施在急诊科护理中对于风险事件发生率的影响。方法对2012年1月-2012年12月之间急诊科收治的100例患者进行风险护理管理,以此作为研究组,选取同期收治的采用常规护理措施的100例急诊科患者作为对照组,对比两组患者护理后的风险事件发生率以及患者满意度等。结果从风险发生率对比来看,研究组无一例发生风险事件或护理投诉,对照组则为9％,研究组显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）：从患者满意度来看,研究组为97％。对照组为83％,研究组显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论风险管理措施对于急诊科护理来说有着积极的意义,能够有效提高患者满意度的同时降低风险事件发生率,是一种有效的护理管理模式,值得提倡和推广。     

护理标识在老年骨折患者护理风险管理中的应用效果

目的分析护理标识在老年骨折患者护理风险管理中的应用效果。方法选取我院2018年1月至2018年12月期间收治的90例老年骨折患者,随机分为对照组和研究组各45例。对照组实施常规护理风险管理,研究组通过护理标识加强护理风险管理,观察比较两组的护理风险事件发生率和护理满意度。结果研究组的护理风险事件发生率为4.44%,明显低于对照组的24.44%(P<0.05)。研究组的护理满意度评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论护理标识应用于老年骨折患者护理风险管理中,可有效减少坠床、管道滑脱等护理风险事件的发生,提升患者对护理工作的满意度。     

风险管理在30例心血管疾病患者护理中的效果探讨

目的:探讨心血管疾病患者护理中应用风险管理的效果。方法:选择本院收治的心血管疾病患者30例,作为研究组,在护理中应用风险管理,另选择同期收治的心血管疾病患者30例,作为对照组,实施常规护理,观察两组风险事件及患者投诉事件发生情况,调查患者对护理的满意程度。结果:研究组风险事件发生率、患者投诉率低于对照组,护理满意度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:心血管疾病患者护理中应用风险管理后,可减少风险事件的发生,提高患者住院安全性,提升患者对护理的满意程度。     

儿科护理管理中风险管理的应用意义探究

目的研究分析风险管理在儿科护理管理中的临床应用意义。方法研究2016年3月到2017年12月我院治疗的患儿300例,随机分组,对照组150例采用常规护理管理模式,观察组150例开展风险护理模式,比较两组护理满意度和投诉事件发生率。结果观察组护理总满意度为98.7%高于对照组护理总满意度为80.0%(P0.05);对照组投诉事件发生率4%明显高于观察组(P0.05)。结论儿科护理管理加入风险管理能有效提高患儿及家长对临床护理工作的满意度,减少护患纠纷降低投诉事件发生率,应在临床中推广,提高临床护理质量。     

儿科护理管理中风险管理的应用意义探究

目的:研究分析风险管理在儿科护理管理中的临床应用意义。方法:研究2016年3月到2017年12月我院治疗的患儿300例,随机分组,对照组150例采用常规护理管理模式,观察组150例开展风险护理模式,比较两组护理满意度和投诉事件发生率。结果:观察组护理总满意度为98.7%高于对照组护理总满意度为80.0%(P0.05);对照组投诉事件发生率4%明显高于观察组(P0.05)。结论:儿科护理管理加入风险管理能有效提高患儿及家长对临床护理工作的满意度,减少护患纠纷降低投诉事件发生率,应在临床中推广,提高临床护理质量。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The occurrence of antimicrobial substances in toilet,sink and shower drainpipes of clinical units: A neglected source of antibiotic residues

Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L^?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L^?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.