血小板添加液保存单采血小板的研究

目的研发一种新型血小板添加液(H-sol),并评价其对血小板的保存效果。方法新型血小板添加液(H-sol)的组成成分:氯化钠80.0mmol/L、醋酸钠25.0mmol/L、氯化钾5.0mmol/L、氯化镁2.0mmol/L、枸橼酸钠15.0mmol/L、葡萄糖15.0mmol/L、碳酸氢钠13.0mmol/L、磷酸二氢钠4.0mmol/L、L-精氨酸180.0μmol/L。将超浓缩单采血小板(PLT≥10×109/ml)悬浮在H-sol和100%血浆(对照组)介质中,置22℃±2℃振荡条件下保存,分别于1、5、7d取样检测血小板计数(PLT)、血小板平均体积(MPV)、血小板体积分布宽度(PDW)、pH、葡萄糖、乳酸、血小板低渗休克反应(HSR)、血小板形变能力(ESC)、CD62P表达率。结果血小板保存至7d时,H-sol组(含<10%的血浆)与对照组比较,PLT、MPV、PDW、CD62P表达率、HSR、ESC的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其pH高于对照组(P<0.01),1～7d葡萄糖平均消耗量和乳酸平均产生量明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论单采血小板在H-sol中的保存效果与100%血浆相同,血小板在H-sol中保存能更好地维持pH的稳定。     

保存期内单采血小板体外特性的初步研究

目的探讨保存期间不同含量和纯度的单采血小板体外特性的变化。方法根据血小板的含量和纯度,将单采血小板分为Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组,(22±2)℃震荡条件下,100%血浆保存7 d,分别于d 0、d 1、d 5、d 7取样检测血小板数(Plt)、血小板形态、pH、葡萄糖、乳酸含量、CD62p、血小板聚集功能(PAgT)和细菌培养等指标。结果血小板保存到d 7时,各组乳酸生成量、MPV、CD62p阳性表达率显著增加,pH、PAgT显著降低(P<0.05),但Ⅱ组各项指标的变化程度比Ⅰ、Ⅲ组低,且pH仍>6.7;与d 5相比,Ⅱ组血小板的新陈代谢指标、形态学、活化与体外功能指标并无统计学差异(P>0.05),亦未见细菌生长。结论在血小板保存过程中,确实存在保存损伤,不同含量和纯度的血小板制品损伤程度不一,只要将每袋血小板计数控制在(1.0—5.0)×1011,白细胞污染率控制在1.0×106以下,可以将保存时间由目前的d 5延长到d 7。     

提高机采血小板血浆氧含量对血小板功能影响的探讨

为了探讨提高机采血小板血浆中的含氧量对血小板功能的影响,将机采血小板样品分为实验和对照2组。实验组在无菌条件下提高机采血小板血浆中含氧量(溶解氧)后,两组同时放置(22±2)℃水平振荡的血小板振荡仪器中保存。分别在血小板保存0、1、2、3、4、5天检测血小板量数量、血小板聚集反应功能、血小板液乳酸含量和血小板CD62p表达量。结果显示2组的血小板数量、血小板聚集反应功能均随保存时间延长而下降;2组间比较,血小板数量无显著性差异(P>0.05),血小板聚集反应功能实验组在保存2-3天明显好于对照组(P<0·05)。2组的血小板乳酸含量、血小板CD62p表达量均随保存时间延长而升高;2组间比较,实验组的血小板乳酸含量和血小板CD62p表达量在保存1-3天时低于对照组(P<0.05);机采血小板的含氧量在0天时实验组显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论提高血小板血浆中的含氧量(溶解氧)可弥补保存袋中血小板代谢的供氧不足,提高血小板的有氧代谢和血小板的保存质量。     

单独采集血小板和浓缩血小板在保存期中的活化情况

研究单独采集血小板 (单采血小板 )和浓缩血小板在保存期中的活化情况。用流式细胞术对这两种血小板的CD62 p和CD41表达量进行测定。结果表明 :在保存 0 ,1 ,3和 5天时 ,单采血小板的CD62 p阳性率和CD41的平均荧光强度分别为 (1 8 91± 6 2 5) % ,(1 9 48± 8 2 7) % ,(2 2 82± 6 0 6) % ,(56 71± 1 1 79) %及 (8 0 9±2 38) % ,(8 1 3± 2 45) % ,(8 44± 2 51 ) % ,(1 9 87± 6 1 3) % ,而浓缩血小板的分别为 (30 65± 1 2 33) % ,(31 46± 1 1 86) % ,(32 51± 1 3 0 5) % ,(63 55± 1 3 2 7) %及 (1 0 33± 4 37) % ,(1 1 0 9± 6 61 ) % ,(1 3 46± 9 69) % ,(2 4 41± 1 0 1 5) %。二项指标均随保存时间推移而上升。对这两种血小板的计数和 pH值测定显示 ,二者均随保存时间推移而下降。在保存 0 - 3天内两种血小板的计数 ,pH值 ,CD62 p和CD41表达量无显著差异。在第 5天血小板计数和pH值出现显著下降 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ;而CD62p和CD41表达量出现显著上升 (P <0 0 0 1 )。结论 :单采血小板优于浓缩血小板     

-80℃长期保存血小板的可行性研究

目的探索-80℃条件长期保存血小板的关键技术。方法将12人份加终浓度为5%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的富含血小板血浆,分为若干等份后置于实验专用-80℃低温冰箱中保存1—16个月,1—6个月每月每人份各取1份样本、8—16个月每2个月每人份各取1份样本37℃水浴复温后检测:血小板计数(P lt)、血小板平均体积(MPV)、血小板体积分布宽度(PDW)、pH、血小板CD62p表达、凝血酶激活CD62p表达、凝血酶激活CD62p再表达、磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)表达和激活血小板诱导血浆凝固时间。结果在16个月的保存过程中P l、tMPV、PDW、pH、血小板CD62p表达、凝血酶激活CD62p表达、凝血酶激活CD62p再表达、PS表达和激活血小板诱导血浆凝固时间等,变化均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血小板加终浓度为5%DMSO,在-80℃条件下长期保存质量较好且较稳定,此技术条件可用于长期储备血小板资源。     

单采血小板不同保存条件膜糖蛋白的变化

目的探讨单采血小板经不同方法保存后膜糖蛋白(glycoproteins,GP)的变化.方法采用流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)对17例机采血小板经2种方法保存后测定血小板膜GP CD41a、CD41b、CD42a、CD62p和纤维蛋白原受体(fibrinogen receptor,PAC-1).结果 22 °C保存后CD62p的表达率和平均荧光强度(mean fluorescence intension,MFI)均随时间的延长而逐渐增高,由采集时的10.96%±5.54%和31.98±16.33至保存后的第6天增高到91.31%±7.79%和79.80±19.68;与当日比较P<0.001.-80 ℃保存3个月后的CD62p的表达率除与22 ℃保存1 d 时相同外(P>0.05),均低于22 ℃保存2～6 d(P<0.001);PAC-1的表达率于保存后1 d 开始增高,到保存第3天又逐渐下降.CD41a无论是表达率还是MFI保存后均高于采集当天(P<0.001).CD41b和CD42a保存后变化范围不大.结论 (1) 血小板膜GP的表达率和MFI随保存时间的延长而增高,PAC-1保存到第3天后又逐渐下降,以CD62p、PAC-1及CD41a变化为大;(2) 血小板加保护剂于-80 ℃保存稳定性较好.     

四盐酸精胺抑制血小板活化的初步研究

目的 初步探究不同浓度的多胺类一氧化氮供体四盐酸精胺对血小板保存期内不同存储时间节点的血小板活化的影响,讨论相关作用机制。方法 将储存1 d、3 d、5 d的单采血小板分别分为实验组(A、B、C、D、E组)和对照组(F组),向实验组分别加入10 mmol/L、20 mmol/L、30 mmol/L、40 mmol/L、50 mmol/L的四盐酸精胺40 μL,向对照组中加入等量的PBS溶液。采用荧光酶标法检测血小板的一氧化氮含量,采用流式细胞仪检测血小板膜表面CD62p的表达。结果 不同储存时间节点的单采血小板添加四盐酸精胺后,单采血小板的一氧化氮含量均有升高,CD62p表达减少,差异有统计学意义 (P<0.05);添加的四盐酸精胺浓度越高,血小板一氧化氮浓度越高,CD62p表达越少,四盐酸精胺浓度为40 mmol/L左右后趋于稳定。结论 多胺类一氧化氮供体四盐酸精胺可以向血小板提供一氧化氮,在一定程度上抑制血小板的活化,这与四盐酸精胺浓度有一定关系。     

血小板活化对单采血小板制剂中VEGF、TGF-β_1和PDGF含量的影响

目的了解血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、血小板源性生长因子(PDGF)在单采血小板制剂中血小板活化过程中的含量变化。方法选取10名单采(双份)血小板献血者,分别留取血浆(3ml/人,作为对照组)、新鲜单采血小板(采集当日的血小板,5ml/人,作为实验1组)和常规保存单采血小板(22℃振荡箱中保存5d的血小板,5ml/人,作为实验2组);用血细胞分析仪分别测定各组血小板计数(Plt),用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定这3组样本中VEGF、TGF-β1、PDGF的含量,用流式细胞术测定2个实验组的CD62p表达,并比较分析检测结果。结果新鲜单采血小板中的VEGF、TGF-β1、PDGF含量[分别为(410.95±95.07)pg/ml、(91.15±19.50)ng/ml和(12.60±2.06)ng/ml]明显高于新鲜血浆中相对应的各生长因子水平[分别为(149.09±28.11)pg/ml、(37.38±10.73)和(3.28±0.79)ng/ml],差异具统计学意义(P<0.01);常规保存血小板中VEGF、TGF-β1和PDGF含量[分别为(495.16±63.49)pg/ml、(110.33±19.06)和(16.96±2.71)ng/ml]又高于新鲜单采血小板中相应的各生长因子水平,差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Plt与VEGF、TGF-β1、PDGF呈一定程度的正相关,Plt及其活化均影响生长因子含量。结论单采血小板中VEGF、TGF-β1和PDGF水平呈高表达,血小板活化可促进这些因子的产生和释放。     

不同方法制备的血小板在保存期内活化状态研究

目的研究白膜回浆法（Bc）制备的浓缩血小板和血细胞分离机（Trima）制备的单采血小板在保存期内的活化状态。方法采用流式细胞术和酶联免疫吸附法分别检测BC和Trima制备的血小板在5d保存期内血小板表面CD62P和血浆可溶性cD62P（scD62P）的表达。结果在O～5d的保存期内,两种方法制备的血小板表面CD62P和血浆sCD62P的表达均随保存时间推移而增加;BC制备的浓缩血小板CD62P阳性率和血浆sCD62P的表达均明显高于Trima制备的单采血小板。结论BC制备的浓缩血小板活化程度高于Trima制备的单采血小板,其制备工艺需改进,以减少血小板活化水平。     

血小板添加液延长血小板保存期的研究

目的探讨血小板浓缩液(PC)加入血小板添加液延时贮存后的质量。方法将新鲜全血(400ml/袋)在4—6h内分离出的白膜层(BC)于22℃静置过夜,取同血型的7袋BCs汇集制备成PC后滤白,用血小板添加液(PAS-ⅢM+血浆)贮存21d,并在存储期内分时间段测定其血小板含量、红细胞和白细胞残留量、最大聚集率、CD41和CD62p阳性表达率、代谢产物和pH值等。结果血小板含量≥2.5×1011/袋,WBC残留量≤3.0×105/袋;贮存至d10,其pH值维持在7.00左右,CD62p阳性表达率45%,ADP和肾上腺素合用诱导的聚集反应率为15%—88%,凝血酶诱导的聚集反应率为89%—99%,HSR恢复率为41%—69%。10d内有可供血小板代谢需要的葡萄糖,乳酸盐浓度随着葡萄糖含量降低而升高,PO2随着PCO2降低而增加。结论加入PAS-ⅢM+血浆的PC贮存10d仍含有可供血小板正常代谢的能量物质,具有较好的聚集功能和抗低渗休克反应的能力。     

复方电解质注射液作添加液汇集血小板的研究

目的探讨复方电解质注射液作添加液（PAS）汇集多人份混合血小板的可行性。方法从400ml全血中分离白膜层（BC）,容量40～45ml,于22℃±2℃静置过夜,将ABO同型的6袋白膜汇集,加200ml复方电解质注射液稀释白膜,稀释后的白膜在温度22℃±2℃的离心机中,以900r／min离心10min。上层富含血小板悬液经白细胞过滤器去除白细胞,并转移到血小板保存袋内,即制备成1个成人治疗量的PAS汇集BC—PCs。结果共制备10个成人治疗量的PAS汇集BC—PCs,其容量、血小板含量、WBC混入量、RBC混入量分别为：（293±22）ml、（3．01±0．29）×10^11、（1．1±0．2）×10^6、（5．9±1．3）×10^3。保存8d后的pH、低渗休克反应率（HSR）、形变能力（ESC）、CD62P表达率、AnnexinV结合率分别为7．10±0．05、（65．6±7．1）％、（7．1±1．6）％、（27．4±3．3）％、（12．0±1．4）％。结论复方电解质注射液作为添加液汇集血小板的方法可行。     

一氧化氮供体改善血小板保存质量的初步研究

目的探讨一氧化氮(NO)供体S-亚硝基乙酰青霉胺(SNAP)对常温保存血小板过程中血小板质量的影响。方法离心法制备浓缩血小板共12人份,38~40 ml/份。将相同血型的2袋混合,加入复温后的冰冻血浆至约100 ml,混匀后均分、转移至2个血小板专用保存袋,分别为实验组:保存前加入终浓度10~5mol/L SNAP;对照组:加入等体积的无菌生理盐水。(22±2)℃振荡保存7 d,分别在d1、d3、d5、d7取样检测血小板计数、pH、血小板活化率及抗低渗性休克反应等指标。结果 2组血小板在保存过程中pH均保持在6.8以上;血小板活化率均不断升高,实验组从(5.93±1.43)%升高到(44.22±6.84)%,对照组从(8.22±1.33)%升高到(54.32±5.68)%,d1、d3、d5、d7 2组血小板之间活化率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);d1、d5、d7实验组血小板抗低渗休克反应分别为(65.98±7.57%)、(53.1±8.44)%、(44.23±0.08)%,对照组为(50.92±4.48)%、(40.06±4.66)%、(35.28±0.04)%,d1、d5、d7实验组抗低渗休克反应能力高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在血小板保存过程中加入NO供体SNAP一定程度上可以抑制血小板活化,改善血小板功能。     

Platelet storage lesion in interim platelet unit concentrates: A comparison with buffy-coat and apheresis concentrates

Platelet storage lesion is characterized by morphological changes and impaired platelet function. The collection method and storage medium may influence the magnitude of the storage lesion. The aim of this study was to compare the newly introduced interim platelet unit (IPU) platelet concentrates (PCs) (additive solution SSP+, 40% residual plasma content) with the more established buffy-coat PCs (SSP, 20% residual plasma content) and apheresis PCs (autologous plasma) in terms of platelet storage lesions. Thirty PCs (n = 10 for each type) were assessed by measuring metabolic parameters (lactate, glucose, and pH), platelet activation markers, and in vitro platelet aggregability on days 1, 4, and 7 after donation. The expression of platelet activation markers CD62p (P-selectin), CD63 (LAMP-3), and phosphatidylserine was measured using flow cytometry and in vitro aggregability was measured with multiple electrode aggregometry. Higher platelet activation and lower in vitro aggregability was observed in IPU than in buffy-coat PCs on day 1 after donation. In contrast, metabolic parameters, expression of platelet activation markers, and in vitro aggregability were better maintained in IPU than in buffy-coat PCs at the end of the storage period. Compared to apheresis PCs, IPU PCs had higher expression of activation markers and lower in vitro aggregability throughout storage. In conclusion, the results indicate that there are significant differences in platelet storage lesions between IPU, buffy-coat, and apheresis PCs. The quality of IPU PCs appears to be at least comparable to buffy-coat preparations. Further studies are required to distinguish the effect of the preparation methods from storage conditions.     

不同比例血浆对GMA添加液4℃保存血小板体外质量的影响

目的分析低温液态条件下血浆对保存于葡萄糖甘露醇腺嘌呤（GMA）血细胞添加液中血小板体外质量的影响。方法取白膜法制备的浓缩血小板（PCs）7单位。每单位等分成3份,分离部分血浆后,按比例加入GMA血细胞添加液,制成10％血浆-PCs、35％血浆-PCs和100％血浆-PCs,置4℃冷藏5d。检测0d和5d的血小板计数、pH、平均血小板体积（MPV）、血小板低渗休克反应（HSR）、血小板形变能力（ESC）、P-选择素（P—selectin）、磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）、血小板表面糖蛋白GPIbα以及乳酸和RANTES（Regulated On Activation,Normal,T—cell Expressed,and Secreted）的生成。结果4℃冷藏5d后,35％血浆-PCs与100％血浆-PCs比较,血小板计数、pH、MPV、HSR、P—selectin、GPIbα和PS以及乳酸和RANTES的差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;而10％血浆-PCs与35％血浆-PCs和100％血浆-PCs比较,P—selectin和PS表达的增加,差异有显著性（P〈0．05）,而HSR下降,但差异无显著性（P=0．09）;10％血浆-PCs与100％血浆-PCs比较,血小板计数下降,乳酸的生成增加,差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论用GMA保存液4℃保存血小板时,35％ACD血浆可维持冷藏血小板的膜的完整性、正常代谢和功能。     

Evaluation of a new, more oxygen-permeable, polyvinylchloride container

A new container made of polyvinylchloride (PVC) with diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) used as the plasticizer was subjected to in vitro and in vivo evaluation for prolonged platelet storage. As compared with the original PVC bag, this bag has increased gas permeability by its reduced film thickness, larger surface area (400 ml capacity), and more porous label. The oxygen permeability coefficient, K(O2), of the new container was measured to be 655 nmol per min per atm. On the basis of previous studies relating the K(O2) to the maximal platelet count, it was predicted that this maximal count would be in the range of 7.9 to 8.9 X 10(10) platelets. This prediction was confirmed by carrying out 58 studies measuring pH, pO2, and platelet count on platelet concentrates (PCs) stored for up to 7 days. After 5 days of storage all PCs with counts above 8.0 x 10(10) had pH less than or equal to 7.0, whereas those with counts below 8.0 x 10(10) had pH greater than or equal to 7.0. Six units (10%) with counts above 9.0 X 10(10) had pH levels of 6.5 or below. Thirteen of the PCs underwent extensive in vitro testing of platelet function during 7 days of storage. No significant differences were found in pH, ATP content, and decrease in platelet count, as compared with studies (n = 22) using PCs stored in polyolefin containers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Therapeutic efficacy of pooled buffy-coat platelet components prepared and stored with a platelet additive solution

Despite the introduction of platelet additive solutions for the preparation of pooled platelet components, only a few studies of limited scope have evaluated the clinical efficacy of platelets stored in these solutions. The current report presents an analysis of data to evaluate the response to the transfusion of pooled buffy-coat components suspended in storage solution with reduced (35%) plasma content in comparison with 100% plasma products. During the euroSPRITE clinical trial of platelet components treated with a pathogen inactivation process, control treatment group platelet components were prepared in 100% allogeneic donor plasma (plasma control) or in platelet additive solution (T-Sol) mixed with plasma (T-Sol control). Control group thrombocytopenic patients received either plasma control or T-Sol control platelet components. One-hour and 24-h platelet count increments (CIs) and corrected count increments (CCIs) were analysed for these two types of preparation. In addition, haemostatic assessments were conducted for each transfusion. One-hour and 24-h mean platelet CIs and post-transfusion haemostatic scores were not significantly different for patients receiving platelet components suspended in 100% plasma and T-Sol plasma mixtures. Pooled buffy-coat platelet components prepared in reduced plasma content mixtures provided therapeutic platelet CIs with effective haemostasis.     

Storage of platelets in additive solutions: effects of magnesium and/or potassium

BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that platelet concentrates (PCs) in a platelet additive solution (PAS) containing citrate, acetate, and sodium chloride (PAS-2) show a significantly higher increase of CD62+ platelets than PCs in other brands of PAS containing Mg(2+) and K(+). To investigate whether this difference can be explained by the presence of Mg(2+) and/or K(+) in the storage medium, we performed paired studies comparing storage of PCs in PAS-2 to PAS-2 with either Mg(2+) or K(+) or both in combination. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PCs from pooled buffy coats were prepared in either PAS-2 or PAS-2 with Mg(2+) or K(+) or both in combination (PAS-2 modified). Different volumes of MgCl(2) solution (1 mol/L) and/or KCl solution (1 mol/L) were added to PAS-2 to obtain various concentrations. After preparation and during storage (at Days 3 and 7), pH, pCO(2), pO(2), HCO(3)(-), and CD62 (%) were measured. RESULTS: During 7 days of storage, pH was very stable (6.9-7.2) in all PCs. At Day 7, platelet CD62 expression was 49 percent (PAS-2), 41 percent (PAS-2 with 1.5 mmol/L Mg(2+)), and 38 percent (PAS-2 with 4.5 mmol/L Mg(2+)). With added K(+), at Day 7, expression of CD62 was 55 percent (PAS-2), 39 percent (PAS-2 with 4.5 mmol/L K(+)), and 35 percent (PAS-2 with 9.0 mmol/L K(+)). In PAS-2 modified (PAS-2 with 1.5 mmol/L Mg(2+) and 4.5 mmol/L K(+)) and CPD plasma, the corresponding CD62 values were 23 and 35 percent, respectively. CONCLUSION: The combination of Mg(2+) and K(+) gave significantly (p < 0.05) lower platelet CD62 expression in the storage medium than in PAS-2. The effects of these differences on platelet metabolism and in vivo properties remain to be investigated.     

Roles of acetate and phosphate in the successful storage of platelet concentrates prepared with an acetate-containing additive solution

The development of a synthetic medium for platelet storage is an important goal in transfusion medicine. Its use would make large volumes of plasma available for fractionation and might improve the quality of platelets after storage. Several investigators have described successful storage in media containing acetate. The previous work of the authors showed that platelet concentrates (PCs) can be stored successfully for 5 days at 22 degrees C by using an additive solution (Seto sol) to replace 80 to 95 percent of the plasma usually employed as a suspending medium. Seto sol contains 23 mM (23 mmol/L) sodium acetate and 25 mM (25 mmol/L) sodium phosphate. The roles of acetate and phosphate in achieving successful platelet storage were studied in the work reported here. The concentration of acetate decreased linearly for 7 days at 0.61 +/− 0.11 mumol per day per 10(9) platelets in parallel with the disappearance of 1–14C or 2–14C acetate. There was no disappearance of tritiated acetate from PCs or of 1–14C acetate from platelet-free mixtures of plasma and Seto sol, which suggests that the disappearance of 14C acetate from PCs reflected oxidation to CO2, which could leave PCs through the walls of the plastic container. Since O2 consumption was 1.47 mumol per day per 10(9) platelets, and the oxidation of a molecule of acetate requires 2 molecules of oxygen, acetate oxidation accounted for approximately 85 percent of oxygen consumption by platelets. The pH of PCs stored in Seto sol was nearly constant for 7 days, whereas, without acetate, it fell to 6.4 +/− 0.1 on Day 5.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Overnight or fresh buffy coat-derived platelet concentrates prepared with various platelet pooling systems.

BACKGROUND: For logistic reasons, possibilities to produce both platelet (PLT) concentrates prepared from fresh or overnight-stored whole blood (fresh and o/n PCs, respectively) are convenient. The consequences of both possibilities are not well described. The PLT pooling system used might also influence the condition of PCs. Our aim was to compare fresh and o/n PCs with different PLT pooling systems. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Fresh and o/n PCs were prepared from buffy coats and plasma in PLT pooling systems of Baxter, Fresenius, Terumo, or Pall (n = 5). PCs were stored for 9 days. The in vitro quality was determined by the PLT count, pH, glucose, lactate, pO(2), pCO(2), CD62P expression, and annexin V binding. RESULTS: The o/n PCs showed higher PLT count (approx. 460 x 10(9)/PC vs. approx. 310 x 10(9)/PC), pCO(2), and lactate concentration and lower pH, pO(2), glucose concentration, CD62P expression (until Day 5), and annexin V binding (until Day 7) compared with fresh PCs (p < 0.05). Only for o/n PCs in the Baxter and Fresenius systems did the pH and glucose concentration remain higher, and the lactate concentration and CD62P expression remained lower than that of o/n PCs in the Pall and Terumo systems. The pH for fresh PCs in the Baxter and Fresenius systems was more often greater than 7.4 than for fresh PCs in the Terumo or Pall systems. CONCLUSION: The quality of PCs depended on whether PCs were prepared from fresh or overnight-stored whole blood and on the used PLT pooling system. The main difference between fresh and o/n PCs was the PLT count.     

Storage of pools of six and eight platelet concentrates

Platelet concentrates (PCs) prepared from units of whole blood are routinely stored singly at 20 to 24 degrees C and pooled prior to transfusion. Studies have been conducted to evaluate the in vitro properties of pools of six (n = 19) and eight (n = 17) ABO-identical PCs after storage, with comparative studies involving single units (n = 33). The pools were prepared using the sterile connecting device. One- day-old and 3-day-old PCs were pooled and stored for a total of 5 days in a container system consisting of two 1000-mL polyolefin containers. The pooled platelet suspension was divided approximately equally between the two containers. The platelet count was reduced by less than 5 percent during storage of the pools, which is similar to the reduction found with storage of control units of single PCs. The volume loss due to pooling was 9.6 +/− 1.9 percent (mean +/− 1 SD). The pH of the PC pools was approximately 7.0 after 5 days of storage, with no pool having a pH below 6.2. In vitro platelet properties, such as morphology score, extent of shape change induced by ADP, total ATP, aggregation response to ADP and collagen, response to hypotonic stress, lactate dehydrogenase discharge, and beta-thromboglobulin release, were similar for pools and control single PCs. In addition, comparable low levels of thymidine uptake were detected in the mononuclear leukocyte fraction of pooled and unpooled PCs that were stored for 5 days at 20 to 24 degrees C, which indicates that the mixing of lymphocytes in the pool did not stimulate in vitro immunologic reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)