Changes in serotonin and histamine levels in human blood after 370-day anti-orthostatic hypokinesia

Ten healthy men took part in a 360-day antiorthostatic hypokinesia study. They were subdivided into two equal groups that differed in terms of time when they started using counter-measures: Group A began exercising on the first day of exposure and Group B on bed rest day 120. As compared to the baseline, the test subjects showed a decrease of serotonin (Ser) and histamine (HA). The only exception was HA increase on bed rest day 50 in the Group A subjects. The difference in Ser and HA concentrations in Group A and B subjects was insignificant on bed rest days 110 through 350. On the 60th day after the study Ser and HA concentrations did not yet return to norm. These observations indicate that changes in the serotonin- and histaminergic systems cannot be compensated within the above period of time.     

The role of the rehabilitation brace in restoring knee extension after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective controlled study

To evaluate the effects of a rehabilitation brace locked in extension for the first week on the recovery of full extension after ACL reconstruction we compared two groups of subjects who underwent ACL bone-patellar tendon-bone reconstruction. The brace was unlocked twice a day for assisted physiotherapy. In Group A, 18 male subjects wore a post-operative brace locked from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. In Group B, 18 male subjects wore the same post-op brace locked in full extension for the first week. In both groups the brace was unlocked (0 degrees -120 degrees ) at the beginning of the second postoperative week, and then removed at the beginning of the third week. All the subjects followed the same rigorous, accelerated rehabilitation protocol. Each subject was evaluated pre and post-operatively (at second, fourth and eighth week) with bubble-level heel height difference (HHD) measurements and KT 1000 arthrometric assessment at the fourth postoperative month. Preoperative bubble-level HHD measurements of the two groups were statistically similar (Group A 0.6 cm, Group B 1 cm; not significant, n.s.). At the fourth week (Group A 2.2 cm, Group B 0.6 cm) and eighth week (Group A 1.6 cm, Group B 0.1 cm) follow-ups, bubble-level HHD measurements showed that the extension of the operated knees of Group B was significantly greater than in Group A. KT 1000 arthrometric scores showed no difference between the two groups (Group A 1.8 mm, Group B 1.5; n.s.).     

高压氧干预对抗低氧效果的观察

目的探讨高压氧干预对初入高海拔地区青年的作用。方法将42名受试者随机分为A、B、C三组,每组14人。于进驻高原前2 d对A组在海拔1400 m进行高压氧干预,每天1次共2次;于第3天三组青年同时乘汽车历时2 d到达海拔3700 m地区休整2 d,同时对B组进行高压氧干预(方法同A组);C组为对照组。于第7天三组青年同时乘汽车历时1 d到达海拔5200 m某边防哨卡。对三组进驻哨卡第2、4、6天的急性高原反应症状分度评分,同时检测心率(HR)和血氧饱和度(SaO2)。结果A组及B组较C组分值降低、HR减慢、SaO2增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高压氧干预可改善高原低氧血症,降低急性高原反应的发病率。     

Testing the specificity of the diatom test: search for false-positives

The diatom test is widely used by forensic pathologists as proof of drowning, notwithstanding some criticisms mainly concerning the occurrence of false-positive results (presence of diatoms in the tissues of subjects who died from causes other than drowning). The aim of the present study was to verify the claimed inaccuracy of the method caused by an excessive rate of false-positives related to inadvertent exposure to diatoms of the general population. The study was carried out to investigate the presence of diatoms in the tissues (lungs and sternum) of subjects who died from causes other than drowning. Two groups of cadavers that underwent an autopsy at the Institute of Forensic Medicine of the University of Verona were included in the study. Group A comprised 45 individuals who died from causes other than drowning, whereas Group B comprised 20 bodies which had been recovered from water. The extraction of the diatoms was performed by incubation of samples in nitric acid for 48 hours at 60°C. The analysis of the samples from Group A showed the absence of diatoms in both lung and sternum samples. In Group B all lung samples showed the presence of diatoms, whereas only six sternum samples were shown to contain diatoms. The difference between Groups A and B was statistically highly significant. The absence of diatoms in the samples collected from Group A falsified the hypothesis that false-positive results from the diatom test may occur due to diatoms entering living bodies through the respiratory and/or digestive tracts via air, water or food, supporting the validity of the diatom test as proof of drowning.     

γ射线照射与非照射同种异体骨-髌腱-骨重建前交叉韧带的临床前瞻性比较研究

目的 比较研究经γ射线照射与单纯深低温冷冻保存的同种异体骨-髌腱-骨(B-PT-B)重建前交叉韧带(ACL)的临床疗效.方法 将66例ACL断裂患者术前电脑随机抽样分组法分为两组:A组为深低温冷冻保存+γ射线照射34例,B组为单纯深低温冷冻保存32例.两组手术均由同一术者采用标准关节镜技术完成.手术前后通过一般情况比较、膝关节活动度、轴移试验、Lachman试验及前抽屉试验(ADT)、Daniel单腿水平跳跃与Hamer垂直跳跃试验、国际膝关节文献委员会(IKDC)评分及KT-2000检测对临床疗效进行评价.结果 术后63例得到完整随访(A组32例,B组31例),3例失访,A组平均随访38.3个月,B组平均随访37.7个月.B组迟发感染1例.两组住院时间和术后发热天数等一般情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组术后平均发热时间(8.9 d)与B组(7.8 d)相比有延长的趋势.理学检查:两组伸屈膝差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);但Lachman试验和ADT结果比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组轴移试验阳性者分别为12例和3例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).KT-2000检测显示A、B两组分别有8例和26例患者术后健患侧对比<3 mm,12例和2例患者>5 mm,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).A组膝关节前后及旋转稳定性均显著降低.Daniel单腿水平跳跃与Hamer垂直跳跃两种功能试验及IKDC评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组术后患肢功能水平及IKDC评分均有降低的趋势.结论 γ射线照射后的同种异体B-PT-B重建ACL的关节稳定性较差,应慎用.     

外周静脉留置针与外周置入中心静脉导管在肿瘤化疗中的应用价值比较

目的比较外周静脉留置针与外周中心静脉置管(PICC)在肿瘤化疗过程中的应用价值。方法将2006年1月—2007年4月60例首次化疗的肿瘤患者分为两组,40例外周静脉留置针为A组,20例PICC置管为B组,两组基本情况无明显差异。治疗中观察记录留管时间、并发症发生情况及日常生活能力。结果A组留置针保留时间为1~5 d,中位时间3.7 d,B组PICC置管保留时间为15~280 d,中位时间157.5 d;两组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.001)。两组主要并发症有局部渗出、静脉炎及管腔堵塞。A组发生局部渗血18例、静脉炎29例及管腔堵塞10例,B组发生局部渗血4例、静脉炎1例及管腔堵塞0例。A组日常生活需人照顾,B组日常生活无需人照顾。结论PICC置管安全、保留时间长,不影响病人的生活质量,在肿瘤病人的化疗中的临床价值显著高于外周静脉留置针。     

超声造影引导下联合止血剂注射治疗肾挫裂伤的实验研究

目的 探讨超声造影引导下联合止血剂注射治疗肾挫裂伤的可行性.方法 18只新西兰大白兔开腹建立Ⅲ～Ⅳ级模拟钝性挫裂伤,随机数字表法分成三组:在超声造影引导下分别注射血凝酶(A组)、血凝酶联合α-氰基丙烯酸酯止血(B组)和等渗盐水(C组),观察止血时间、止血效果、肾周血肿等情况.结果 治疗后1 h,A、B、C组的肾周积液宽度分别为(0.200±0.012)cm,(0.050±0.002)cm和(0.400±0.009)cm,A、B组与C组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗后7,14 d复查,A组病灶长径分别为(1.107±0.143)cm和(0.433±0.163)cm,B组分别为(0.567±0.082)cm和(0.160±0.078)cm,C组分别为(0.980±0.203)cm和(0.686±0.157)cm,治疗后14 d,A、B组与C组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).A组病灶较B组大(P＜0.01).但B组治疗1个月后出现轻度肾积水的情况.结论 单纯注射血凝酶与联合注射血凝酶和α-氰基丙烯酸酯均能够达到止血效果,但后者的止血效果更加迅速、可靠.     

甲氨喋呤单用与甲氨喋呤联合米非司酮治疗异位妊娠临床效果分析

目的对甲氨喋呤（MTX）单枪肌肉注射与米非司酮配伍MTX保守治疗非破裂性异位妊娠的临床效果进行比较，探讨保守治疗异位妊娠的最佳治疗方案。方法对我院收治的符合异位妊娠保守治疗条件的40例患者随机分成两组，甲组20例，将MTX50mg单枪肌肉注射7天后，对未转阴者再追加给药一次；乙组20例，采用MTX联合米非司酮连续6日用药保守治疗，观察两组的临床治疗效果。结果疗程结束后复查尿HCG转阴率，甲组75％，乙组90％。复查B超：甲组除5例手术外，5例治疗后包块消失，10例略有缩小，乙组除2例手术外，8例治疗后包块消失，10例包块略有缩小。症状缓解情况：甲组症状消失时间5-11天，乙组症状消失时间5—9天。结论米非司酮配伍甲氨喋呤保守治疗非破裂性异位妊娠的效果好，值得临床推广应用。     

机器人辅助经皮置钉与徒手Wiltse入路开放置钉治疗脊柱胸腰段骨折的疗效比较

目的:比较机器人辅助经皮置钉与徒手Wiltse入路开放置钉治疗脊柱胸腰段骨折的疗效。方法:采用回顾性队列研究分析2018年5月至2020年5月苏州大学附属第二医院收治的71例脊柱胸腰段骨折患者的临床资料,其中男52例,女19例;年龄22~54岁［（41.0±7.8）岁］。33例采用机器人辅助经皮置钉（A组）,38例采用...     

细胞外三磷酸腺苷对大鼠脊髓损伤后微管相关蛋白-2表达及运动功能恢复的影响

目的 研究细胞外三磷酸腺苷（ATP）对大鼠脊髓损伤后微管相关蛋白-2（MAP-2）表达运动功能恢复的影响。方法 健康成年Wistar大鼠66只，随机取6只作为正常对照组，余60只制作成脊髓打击伤动物模型，随机分为两组：A组（ATP组）和B组（对照组），每组30只大鼠。伤后1，3，7，14，28d取材，应用免疫组织化学方法观察MAP-2的表达，采用计算机图像分析系统，进行定量分析；并用改良的Tarlov评分观察大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复情况。结果脊髓损伤后14d和28d，A组大鼠MAP-2的表达明显强于B组（P＜0．05）；损伤后14d和28d，A组大鼠改良Tarlov评分明显大于B组（P＜0．05）．结论细胞外ATP能促进大鼠损伤脊髓表达MAP-2，并能促进大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复。     

营养干预对高+Gy暴露小鼠脑功能及相关生化指标的影响

目的研究高 +Gy暴露对小鼠迷宫行为和脑功能相关生化指标的影响和营养干预的效果。 方法昆明种雄性小鼠经迷宫训练后分为对照组 (A组 )、+Gy组 (B组 )、+Gy营养干预组 (C组 ) ;A组不予 +Gy暴露 ;B组、C组均给予 + 1 0Gy暴露 8min ,B组暴露前 3h蒸馏水灌胃 ;C组实验前 1d给予强化VitB6 的饮水 ,暴露前 3h混合氨基酸液灌胃 ;3组动物均记录迷宫实验成绩 ,检测血清氨基酸f、脑组织单胺类递质含量和γ 谷氨酰转移酶活性。结果 +Gy暴露后迷宫实验成绩下降 ,并有行为异常 ,脑内NE明显降低 ,其他单胺类递质均显著升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,表明脑功能受影响 ;营养干预后迷宫行为改善 ,生化指标改变有所缓解。结论高 +Gy暴露会引起中枢递质相关的生化营养物质代谢紊乱并影响脑功能 ,营养干预对此有一定的防护效果     

腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎初始经验抗菌治疗方案研究

目的比较两种初始经验治疗方案治疗腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2016年10月在沈阳军区总医院行腹膜透析且发生腹膜炎的362例患者的临床资料,根据初始抗菌治疗方案分为A方案组(万古霉素联合1种覆盖G-菌药物)和B方案组(头孢唑林联合1种覆盖G-菌药物),初始治疗采用A方案198例,B方案105例,其他方案59例。比较两组方案的疗效和安全性。结果本研究中,G+菌为主要病原菌(66.11%)。两组患者的初始治疗有效率、3周后治疗有效率、总住院天数、抗菌药使用天数和转归比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组肾功指标除治疗后血尿素水平均较治疗前有所降低外(P<0.05),其余差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两种初始经验治疗方案治疗腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的疗效相当,且安全性均较好。     

老年手术风险评分与外周血T细胞亚群变化及手术并发症的相关性研究

目的 探讨骨科老年患者手术风险评分与T细胞亚群的变化及手术后并发症的相关性。方法 将研究对象根据老年手术风险评分分为高风险组（A组）和低风险组（B组）,分别在患者术前1 d、术后1,3,5,7,14 d清晨取空腹外周静脉血,检测T细胞亚群(C03、CD4、CD8)变化,观察风险评分与外周血T细胞亚群及术后并发症之间是否...     

Effects of exercise on soluble transferrin receptor and other variables of the iron status

BACKGROUND: Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfr) is a new marker of iron status and erythropoietic activity. It has been included in multivariable blood testing models for the detection of performance enhancing erythropoietin misuse in sport. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of different types and volumes of physical activity on sTfr concentration, variables of iron status (ferritin, transferrin, iron, and protein), and haematological indices. METHODS: Thirty nine subjects were divided into three groups: 1, untrained (n = 12); 2, moderately trained (n = 14); 3, highly trained (n = 13, seven men, six women). Groups 1 and 2 carried out two exercise tests: an incremental running test until exhaustion (test A) and a 45 minute constant speed running test at 70% VO(2)MAX (test B). Group 3 performed three days (women) or four days (men) of prolonged aerobic cycling exercise. The above variables together with haemoglobin and packed cell volume were analysed in venous blood samples before and after exercise. Changes in blood and plasma volume were estimated. RESULTS: sTfr levels were slightly increased in trained and untrained subjects immediately after test A. Test B and aerobic exercise had no significant effect on sTfr. Ferritin levels were increased after the laboratory tests for trained and untrained subjects and after prolonged aerobic exercise in male cyclists. Transferrin was increased significantly in trained and untrained subjects after both laboratory tests, but remained unchanged after prolonged exercise. Plasma and blood volumes were decreased after the laboratory tests but increased after aerobic exercise. No differences in the variables were observed between trained and untrained subjects with respect to response to exercise. CONCLUSION: The changes in sTfr and the variables of iron status can be mainly attributed to exercise induced changes in volume. Taking these limitations into account, sTfr can be recommended as a marker of iron deficiency in athletes.     

Experimental Study on Femtosecond Laser Assisted Corneal Allogenic Lenticule Transplantation Combined with Collagen Cross-linking in Rabbits

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of femtosecond laserassisted corneal small incision allogenic lenticule transplantation combined with collagen cross-linking and to evaluate the biomechanical and morphological changes after transplantation in rabbits.Methods: New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. Donor eyes underwent femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction. The receipt eyes were divided into three groups. Group A and Group B underwent femtosecond laser scanning to create intrastromal pockets. The extracted allogenic lenticules were inserted into pockets in Group A and went through accelerating corneal collagen cross-linking. Other lenticules underwent accelerating cross-linking in vitro and were transplanted into Group B afterwards. Group C was the control group. Slit lamp microscopy,corneal topography,Corvis ST and anterior segment OCT were observed preoperatively-and postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using independent sample t test and paired sample t test. P 0. 05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The surgeries were successful without complications. Mild corneal edema occurred in the early postoperative days and it was absorbed gradually over time. The lenticule with undetectable border fused with normal tissue around by 180 days. Anterior segment OCT examinations showed that the central lenticule thickness remained stable during 180 days observation. Corvis ST examinations showed that the DA,A2 T and A2 V values at 30 days and 180 days postoperatively were statistically different from preoperative levels in Group A,and the A2 T values at 90 and 180 days were significantly different from preoperative levels in Group B.Conclusions: Femtosecond laser-assisted corneal small incision lenticule allotransplantation combined with collagen crosslinking seems to be feasible and safe. The cornea deformation parameter changes showed it can effectively improve corneal biomechanical features.     

外用冲合膏联合复方黄柏液创面灌洗对肛周坏死性筋膜炎术后创面愈合效果影响

目的 探讨外用冲合膏联合复方黄柏液创面灌洗对肛周坏死性筋膜炎术后创面愈合效果的影响.方法 选取自2018年8月至2020年8月沈阳市肛肠医院收治的70例肛周坏死性筋膜炎术后患者为研究对象.根据随机数字表法将患者分为A组和B组,每组各35例患者.两组患者均进行手术治疗,A组术后给予常规西医治疗,B组应用冲合膏联合复方黄柏...     

老年结直肠癌患者术后早期化疗的安全性研究

目的探讨对老年结直肠癌患者进行术后早期化疗的安全性。方法将我科收治的老年结直肠癌患者随机分为两组,其中A组37例,于术后第4～7天开始使用FOLFOX4方案化疗;B组38例,使用同样方案于术后第28～31天开始化疗,比较两组的手术相关并发症及化疗不良反应。结果两组患者的手术相关并发症相比无统计学差异,化疗不良反应在肝脏毒性方面不同,A组患者的不良反应相对较重。恶心呕吐、腹泻、神经毒性、骨髓抑制等不良反应两组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论对身体条件允许的老年结直肠癌患者,使用FOLFOX4方案进行早期化疗是安全可行的。     

糠酸莫米松鼻喷剂与地氯雷他定治疗变应性鼻炎效果及安全性比较

目的比较糠酸莫米松鼻喷剂和地氯雷他定片剂治疗变应性鼻炎(AR)疗效和安全性。方法入选56例AR患者随机分为两组,每组28例,A组予糠酸莫米松鼻喷剂喷鼻治疗;B组予地氯雷他定片剂口服治疗;疗程均为2周(14d);观察比较其疗效及不良反应。结果每组自身治疗前后相比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05);A、B组间治疗前后相比较,治疗1周差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗2周均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。A、B组分别发生轻度不良反应1、2例,两组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);无严重不良反应发生。结论糠酸莫米松鼻喷剂和地氯雷他定片治疗AR安全、有效。糠酸莫米松鼻喷剂疗效优于地氯雷他定片。     

细胞凋亡在燃煤型砷中毒肝损伤中的作用

目的 通过观察肝细胞表面分子介导细胞凋亡的Fas、FasL及相关基因Bax、Bcl-2、Bcl-X／L的变化来探索燃煤型砷中毒肝损伤的分子机制。方法 对25例砷中毒肝损伤患者按职业性中毒性肝病诊断标准分为A组4例（无明显肝病患者）、B组11例（轻度砷中毒肝损伤患者）、C组10例（中、重度砷中毒肝损伤患者）。采用免疫组化ABC法进行Fas、FasL、Bax、Bcl-2、Bcl-X／L检测。结果 采用PEMS统计软件进行Radit分析。结果Fas、FasL表达在肝损伤较重的C组比肝损伤较轻的B组显著增强，两组间分级构成上差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；Bax表达在B、C两组间分级构成上差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而Bcl-2和Bcl-X／L表达在B、C两组间分级构成上差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 Fas、FasL的表达程度在肝损伤较重的C组比肝损伤较轻的B组显著增强，其阳性表达多分配在Ⅱ、Ⅲ级。Bax在肝损伤程度不同的B、C组间的表达强度及分布随肝损伤加重而增强。而抗凋亡蛋白bcl-2和bcl-X／L在两组间的表达强度及分布则基本一致。推测砷可能通过上调凋亡基因蛋白Fas／FasL和bcl-2家族中促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达而启动肝细胞的胞内凋亡信号传递过程，导致肝细胞凋亡增加。