家犬脑挫裂伤1H-MR波谱研究

目的 探讨家犬脑挫裂伤MR波谱(MRS)表现及其应用价值.方法 家犬10只,200 g砝码1.3 m高以自由坠落方式复制脑挫裂伤动物模型,分6个时间点(1 h、24h、72 h、5 d、8 d和14 d)行常规MR及MRS检查.各时段检查结束后处死家犬,取挫裂伤处脑组织行病理检查.结果 伤后1～24h,N-乙酰天冬胺酸/肌酸(NAA/Cr)、胆碱类化合物(Cho)/Cr及NAA/Cho下降,NAA/Cr分别为0.843±0.214,0.862±0.204,对侧 1.069±0.284,1.048±0.232,t=-7.227,-6.718;Cho/Cr1.181±0.224,1.243±0.134,对侧 1.415±0.305,1.455±0.159,t=-4.332,-4.489;NAA/Cho0.701±0.147,0.536±0.136,对侧 0.832±0.245,0.613±0.165,t=-2.652,-2.665(P值均＜0.05);病理示挫伤处见局部点状出血、灶性坏死、神经轴突肿胀、小胶质细胞轻度增生.伤后72 h至5 d,NAA/Cr开始升高,Cho/Cr于5 d时为1.517±0.197,高于对侧,对侧为1.387±0.214(t=3.758,P＜0.05);镜下示炎性细胞浸润明显,血管周围炎、肉芽及纤维瘢痕形成.伤后8～14 d,NAA/Cr与对侧相比差异无统计学意义(0.895±0.105,0.875±0.153,对侧0.989±0.169,0.990±0.173,t=-2.909,-2.471;P值均＞0.05),Cho/Cr高于对侧(1.457±0.168,1.572±0.374,对侧1.334±0.174,1.366 ±0.352,t=7.312,3.201;P值均＜0.05);病理示炎性反应及胶质增生更加显著,14 d时肉芽肿形成.各时段均未见异常乳酸峰及脂质峰.结论 MRS能无创性检测脑挫裂伤后神经元受损及修复情况,了解其脑组织生化代谢改变,反映损伤的程度,为早期治疗和预后的评价提供理论依据.     

小腿骨骼肌代谢物的1H-MR波谱绝对定量研究

目的 测定3.0 T场强下,小腿骨骼肌1H-MRS中可见的代谢物分子和水分子中质子的横向弛豫时间(T1)和纵向弛豫时间(T2)值,为实现采用1H-MRS进行骨骼肌各代谢物含量的测定奠定基础,并为骨骼肌1H-MRS检查的参数优化提供依据.方法 24名志愿者,采用随机数字表将其随机分为2组,分别行小腿比目鱼肌和胫骨前肌的弛豫时间测定.采用单体素受激回波采集法进行1H-MRS数据采集,T1时间测定采用渐进饱和法,T2时间测定采用改变TE法.代谢物浓度计算采用以水为内部参照方法,经测定的T1、T2时问校正后获得.对不同肌肉的相同参数所获数据之间比较采用两独立样本均数的t检验.结果 24名健康志愿者中共得到22组数据(比目鱼肌12组,胫骨前肌10组).健康成人小腿比目鱼肌中水、肌酸-甲基3(Cr3)、三甲基胺(TMA)、肌细胞外脂肪(EMCL)、肌细胞内脂肪(IMCL)的T1值分别为(1384.0±36.9)、(1064.0±167.0)、(964.2±144.0)、(373.0±46.8)、(374.7±20.6)ms,T2值分别为(26.5±1.2)、(100.2±19.3)、(149.1±32.7)、(81.4±5.2)、(84.7±4.2)ms;胫骨前肌中水、Cr3、TMA、EMCL、IMCL的T1值分别为(1307.0±24.4)、(945.7±132.0)、(968.3±127.0)、(372.7±39.2)、(412.8±80.2)ms,T2值分别为(27.1±0.9)、(135.3±18.2)、(62.1±6.0)、(84.3±4.0)、(90.7±3.2)ms.经上述弛豫时间校正后,健康成人小腿比目鱼肌和胫骨前肌各代谢物绝对浓度Cr3为(33.1±3.7)和(31.7±3.1)mmol/kg、TMA为(35.2±3.2)和(32.9±5.2)mmol/kg、EMCL为(12.2±5.0)和(8.9±4.9)mmol/kg、IMCL为(9.0±2.4)和(3.0±0.8)mmol/kg,其中胫骨前肌IMCL含量明显小于比目鱼肌,两者的差异有统计学意义(t=8.024,P<0.01),胫骨前肌和比目鱼肌其他代谢物含量差异无统计学意义(t值分别为0.926、1.264、1.542,P值均>0.05).结论 该研究较准确地测定了骨骼肌代谢物的弛豫时间值,代谢物弛豫时间值的测定对于实现骨骼肌1H-MRS的绝对定量研究及扫描参数优化具有重要意义.     

在体肝脏3.0T1H-MR波谱匀场及抑水影响因素探讨

目的 探讨受检者的自身因素对在体肝脏1H-MRS自动预扫描中匀场和抑水效果的影响.方法 回顾性分析57例行肝脏1H-MRS检查受检者资料,其中正常受检者35名、慢性乙型肝炎5例、脂肪肝14例、脂肪肝合并慢性乙型肝炎3例.把受检者按是否抑水率(WS)≥90%及是否匀场线宽(LW)20 Hz分别分为2组,分别采用两独立样本的t检验比较2组的一般情况如身高、体重、体质量指数(BMI),采用卡方检验比较脂肪肝组与非脂肪肝组达到较好的LW和WS效果的比率.结果 抑水较好组47例和抑水不好组10例比较,平均身高[分别为(164.7±8.0)和(170.5±3.7)cm]、体重[分别为(61.8±10.4)和(73.4±5.4)kg]、BMI[分别为(22.7±3.2)和(25.2±1.3)kg/m2]及LW[分别为(17.7±3.7)和(24.6±6.3)Hz],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-3.488、-3.415、-4.002和-3.327,P值均<0.05).匀场较好组41例和匀场不好组16例比较,体重[分别为(62.2±11.6)和(68.1±6.1)kg],BMI[分别为(22.8±3.4)和(24.2±1.9)kg/m2],WS[分别为(93.0±2.7)%和(86.1±8.5)%],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.516、-2.024和3.213,P值均<0.05).脂肪肝组17例中,7例自动匀场LW≤20 Hz,无脂肪肝组40例中,34例自动匀场LW≤20 Hz,2组间差异有统计学意义(X2=11.347,P<0.05).脂肪肝组17例中,WS<90%者7例,无脂肪肝组40例中,无WS<90%患者,两者差异有统计学意义(X2=28.536,P<0.05).结论 肝脏的脂质沉积对1H-MRS匀场及抑水存在负性影响,体重及BMI大的受检者达到良好的匀场和抑水效果预期成功率低.     

1H-MR波谱评价骨骼肌细胞内脂肪含量的在体和模型研究

目的 解释骨骼肌1H-MRS中的脂峰形态及其影响因素,建立利用骨骼肌1H-MRS评价肌细胞内脂肪的方法 .方法 取5名健康志愿者的小腿胫骨前肌和比目鱼肌区域行1H-MRS检查,改变小腿纵轴与主磁场(B0)之间的角度,观察0.80～1.80 ppm(×10-6)处脂峰形态的变化.体外模型研究采用毛细玻璃管束中灌注大豆油和脂肪乳液,分别模拟肌纤维细胞外、细胞内脂肪,比较脂峰随模璎与B0角度变化的特征.结果小腿骨骼肌在0.80～1.80 ppm处可以观察到3～4个峰,各峰相差约0.20～0.30 ppm;当小腿纵轴与B0所成角度增大时,胫骨前肌肌纤维间隙内的脂肪(EMCL)的亚甲基峰逐渐向右侧移位.体外模型很好地模拟了在体骨骼肌1H-MRS脂峰形态,在0.80～1.80 ppm处出现2组甘油三酸酯亚甲基峰和甲基峰,其中心频率相差0.20～0.30 ppm,分别代表肌细胞内、外脂肪.由于骨骼肌组织肌纤维走行的高度有序性及肌细胞内、外脂肪的分子分布状态不同,两者感应的化学位移不同而表现出波峰的分离.这种肌细胞内外脂肪峰的分离在肌束与B0一致时最大,在两者夹角接近魔角(54.7°)时无法分离.结论骨骼肌1H-MRS中肌细胞内、外脂肪发生分离,是一种无创性评价肌细胞内脂肪含量的有效方法 ;胫骨前肌是进行1H-MRS检查的理想部位.     

在体肝脏3.0T1H-MR波谱匀场及抑水影响因素探讨

Objective To characterize the clinical factors which influence water suppression and auto-shimming line width for liver 3.0 T 1H-MRS.Methods Fifty-seven cases with liver 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) were retrospectively studied, including chronic type B hepatitis (n=5), fatty liver (n=14), chronic type B hepatitis combining fatty liver (n=3) and normal situation (n=35).Independent t test was used to characterize the difference of general condition (height, weight, body mass index etc.) between different water suppression effect groups and between different shimming effect groups.Using Chi-square test to analyze whether water suppression rate and auto-shimming line width between fatty liver groups and non-fatty liver exist significance difference .Results By comparing WS ≥90% (n=47)group with WS < 90% (n=10) group, the former showed smaller average height[(164.7±8.0) and (170.5±3.7) cm respectively], weight[(61.8±10.4) and (73.4±5.4) kg respectively], BMI [(22.7±3.2) and (25.2±1.3)kg/m2 respectively]and LW[(17.7±3.7)and(24.6±6.3) Hz respectively]than the latter (t=-3.488,-3.415,-4.002 and-3.327, P < 0.05).By comparing LW 20 Hz (n=41) group with LW 20 Hz (n=16) group, the former showed better water suppression rate [(93.0±2.7)% and (86.1±8.5)% respectively]than the latter(t=3.213,P <0.05), whereas larger weight[(62.2±11.6) and (68.1±6.1)kg respectively]and BMI[(22.8±3.4) and (24.2±1.9)kg/m2 respectively](t=-2.516,-2.024,P <0.05).LW≤20 Hz in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 7/17 and 34/40, respectively (X2=11.347, P < 0.05).WS < 90% in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 10/17 and 0/44, respectively (X2=28.536, P < 0.05) .Conclusion Hepatic steatosis exerts an adverse effect in water suppression and shimming.     

在体肝脏3.0T1H-MR波谱匀场及抑水影响因素探讨

Objective To characterize the clinical factors which influence water suppression and auto-shimming line width for liver 3.0 T 1H-MRS.Methods Fifty-seven cases with liver 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) were retrospectively studied, including chronic type B hepatitis (n=5), fatty liver (n=14), chronic type B hepatitis combining fatty liver (n=3) and normal situation (n=35).Independent t test was used to characterize the difference of general condition (height, weight, body mass index etc.) between different water suppression effect groups and between different shimming effect groups.Using Chi-square test to analyze whether water suppression rate and auto-shimming line width between fatty liver groups and non-fatty liver exist significance difference .Results By comparing WS ≥90% (n=47)group with WS < 90% (n=10) group, the former showed smaller average height[(164.7±8.0) and (170.5±3.7) cm respectively], weight[(61.8±10.4) and (73.4±5.4) kg respectively], BMI [(22.7±3.2) and (25.2±1.3)kg/m2 respectively]and LW[(17.7±3.7)and(24.6±6.3) Hz respectively]than the latter (t=-3.488,-3.415,-4.002 and-3.327, P < 0.05).By comparing LW 20 Hz (n=41) group with LW 20 Hz (n=16) group, the former showed better water suppression rate [(93.0±2.7)% and (86.1±8.5)% respectively]than the latter(t=3.213,P <0.05), whereas larger weight[(62.2±11.6) and (68.1±6.1)kg respectively]and BMI[(22.8±3.4) and (24.2±1.9)kg/m2 respectively](t=-2.516,-2.024,P <0.05).LW≤20 Hz in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 7/17 and 34/40, respectively (X2=11.347, P < 0.05).WS < 90% in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 10/17 and 0/44, respectively (X2=28.536, P < 0.05) .Conclusion Hepatic steatosis exerts an adverse effect in water suppression and shimming.     

在体肝脏3.0T1H-MR波谱匀场及抑水影响因素探讨

Objective To characterize the clinical factors which influence water suppression and auto-shimming line width for liver 3.0 T 1H-MRS.Methods Fifty-seven cases with liver 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) were retrospectively studied, including chronic type B hepatitis (n=5), fatty liver (n=14), chronic type B hepatitis combining fatty liver (n=3) and normal situation (n=35).Independent t test was used to characterize the difference of general condition (height, weight, body mass index etc.) between different water suppression effect groups and between different shimming effect groups.Using Chi-square test to analyze whether water suppression rate and auto-shimming line width between fatty liver groups and non-fatty liver exist significance difference .Results By comparing WS ≥90% (n=47)group with WS < 90% (n=10) group, the former showed smaller average height[(164.7±8.0) and (170.5±3.7) cm respectively], weight[(61.8±10.4) and (73.4±5.4) kg respectively], BMI [(22.7±3.2) and (25.2±1.3)kg/m2 respectively]and LW[(17.7±3.7)and(24.6±6.3) Hz respectively]than the latter (t=-3.488,-3.415,-4.002 and-3.327, P < 0.05).By comparing LW 20 Hz (n=41) group with LW 20 Hz (n=16) group, the former showed better water suppression rate [(93.0±2.7)% and (86.1±8.5)% respectively]than the latter(t=3.213,P <0.05), whereas larger weight[(62.2±11.6) and (68.1±6.1)kg respectively]and BMI[(22.8±3.4) and (24.2±1.9)kg/m2 respectively](t=-2.516,-2.024,P <0.05).LW≤20 Hz in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 7/17 and 34/40, respectively (X2=11.347, P < 0.05).WS < 90% in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 10/17 and 0/44, respectively (X2=28.536, P < 0.05) .Conclusion Hepatic steatosis exerts an adverse effect in water suppression and shimming.     

在体肝脏3.0T1H-MR波谱匀场及抑水影响因素探讨

Objective To characterize the clinical factors which influence water suppression and auto-shimming line width for liver 3.0 T 1H-MRS.Methods Fifty-seven cases with liver 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) were retrospectively studied, including chronic type B hepatitis (n=5), fatty liver (n=14), chronic type B hepatitis combining fatty liver (n=3) and normal situation (n=35).Independent t test was used to characterize the difference of general condition (height, weight, body mass index etc.) between different water suppression effect groups and between different shimming effect groups.Using Chi-square test to analyze whether water suppression rate and auto-shimming line width between fatty liver groups and non-fatty liver exist significance difference .Results By comparing WS ≥90% (n=47)group with WS < 90% (n=10) group, the former showed smaller average height[(164.7±8.0) and (170.5±3.7) cm respectively], weight[(61.8±10.4) and (73.4±5.4) kg respectively], BMI [(22.7±3.2) and (25.2±1.3)kg/m2 respectively]and LW[(17.7±3.7)and(24.6±6.3) Hz respectively]than the latter (t=-3.488,-3.415,-4.002 and-3.327, P < 0.05).By comparing LW 20 Hz (n=41) group with LW 20 Hz (n=16) group, the former showed better water suppression rate [(93.0±2.7)% and (86.1±8.5)% respectively]than the latter(t=3.213,P <0.05), whereas larger weight[(62.2±11.6) and (68.1±6.1)kg respectively]and BMI[(22.8±3.4) and (24.2±1.9)kg/m2 respectively](t=-2.516,-2.024,P <0.05).LW≤20 Hz in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 7/17 and 34/40, respectively (X2=11.347, P < 0.05).WS < 90% in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 10/17 and 0/44, respectively (X2=28.536, P < 0.05) .Conclusion Hepatic steatosis exerts an adverse effect in water suppression and shimming.     

在体肝脏3.0T1H-MR波谱匀场及抑水影响因素探讨

Objective To characterize the clinical factors which influence water suppression and auto-shimming line width for liver 3.0 T 1H-MRS.Methods Fifty-seven cases with liver 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) were retrospectively studied, including chronic type B hepatitis (n=5), fatty liver (n=14), chronic type B hepatitis combining fatty liver (n=3) and normal situation (n=35).Independent t test was used to characterize the difference of general condition (height, weight, body mass index etc.) between different water suppression effect groups and between different shimming effect groups.Using Chi-square test to analyze whether water suppression rate and auto-shimming line width between fatty liver groups and non-fatty liver exist significance difference .Results By comparing WS ≥90% (n=47)group with WS < 90% (n=10) group, the former showed smaller average height[(164.7±8.0) and (170.5±3.7) cm respectively], weight[(61.8±10.4) and (73.4±5.4) kg respectively], BMI [(22.7±3.2) and (25.2±1.3)kg/m2 respectively]and LW[(17.7±3.7)and(24.6±6.3) Hz respectively]than the latter (t=-3.488,-3.415,-4.002 and-3.327, P < 0.05).By comparing LW 20 Hz (n=41) group with LW 20 Hz (n=16) group, the former showed better water suppression rate [(93.0±2.7)% and (86.1±8.5)% respectively]than the latter(t=3.213,P <0.05), whereas larger weight[(62.2±11.6) and (68.1±6.1)kg respectively]and BMI[(22.8±3.4) and (24.2±1.9)kg/m2 respectively](t=-2.516,-2.024,P <0.05).LW≤20 Hz in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 7/17 and 34/40, respectively (X2=11.347, P < 0.05).WS < 90% in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 10/17 and 0/44, respectively (X2=28.536, P < 0.05) .Conclusion Hepatic steatosis exerts an adverse effect in water suppression and shimming.     

在体肝脏3.0T1H-MR波谱匀场及抑水影响因素探讨

Objective To characterize the clinical factors which influence water suppression and auto-shimming line width for liver 3.0 T 1H-MRS.Methods Fifty-seven cases with liver 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) were retrospectively studied, including chronic type B hepatitis (n=5), fatty liver (n=14), chronic type B hepatitis combining fatty liver (n=3) and normal situation (n=35).Independent t test was used to characterize the difference of general condition (height, weight, body mass index etc.) between different water suppression effect groups and between different shimming effect groups.Using Chi-square test to analyze whether water suppression rate and auto-shimming line width between fatty liver groups and non-fatty liver exist significance difference .Results By comparing WS ≥90% (n=47)group with WS < 90% (n=10) group, the former showed smaller average height[(164.7±8.0) and (170.5±3.7) cm respectively], weight[(61.8±10.4) and (73.4±5.4) kg respectively], BMI [(22.7±3.2) and (25.2±1.3)kg/m2 respectively]and LW[(17.7±3.7)and(24.6±6.3) Hz respectively]than the latter (t=-3.488,-3.415,-4.002 and-3.327, P < 0.05).By comparing LW 20 Hz (n=41) group with LW 20 Hz (n=16) group, the former showed better water suppression rate [(93.0±2.7)% and (86.1±8.5)% respectively]than the latter(t=3.213,P <0.05), whereas larger weight[(62.2±11.6) and (68.1±6.1)kg respectively]and BMI[(22.8±3.4) and (24.2±1.9)kg/m2 respectively](t=-2.516,-2.024,P <0.05).LW≤20 Hz in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 7/17 and 34/40, respectively (X2=11.347, P < 0.05).WS < 90% in the fatty liver and non-fatty liver group was 10/17 and 0/44, respectively (X2=28.536, P < 0.05) .Conclusion Hepatic steatosis exerts an adverse effect in water suppression and shimming.     

肌萎缩侧索硬化症的~1H-MR波谱研究

目的 探讨肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)患者的1H-MRS表现及其与临床评分的关系.方法 对15例临床确诊及拟诊为ALS的患者(ALS组)和15名年龄相匹配的健康志愿者(对照组)进行1H-MRS扫描,采用单体素平均TE选择性单点分辨波谱序列(TE-Averaged PRESS).扫描图像经后处理,分别获得以中央前回为中心的运动皮层和内囊后肢处的以下成分波峰:N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、谷氨酸(Glu)、谷氨酸复合物(Glx)以及肌酸(Cr),并测量NAA/Cr、Glu/Cr和Glx/Cr峰高相对值.采用t检验比较两组间各比值的差异,并分析上述各值与ALS患者临床评分的直线相关关系.结果 ALS组运动皮层和内囊后肢的NAA/Cr值为1.91±0.34、1.53±0.17,对照分别为2.23±0.33,1.66±0.07.两组间差异有统计学意义(t值分别为4.25、2.90,P值分别为0.00、0.01).AIS组运动皮层和内囊后肢Glu/Cr为0.34±0.05、0.29±0.06,Glx/Cr为0.40±0.04、0.33±0.06,均高于对照组(Glu/Cr分别为0.30±0.03、0.25±0.04,Glx/Cr分别为0.32±0.05,0.26±0.03),两组间差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.56、2.40、7.34、5.30,P值分别为0.02,0.03、0.00、0.00).ALS患者Norris评分值为(57±8)分,ALS功能分级评分(ALSFRS)值为(29±4)分.直线相关分析发现ALS患者运动皮层Glx/Cr值与Norris评分呈负相关(r=-0.75,P=0.00),而与ALSFRS值无相关性.结论 ALS患者谷氨酸类代谢物含量升高.(1)H-MRS可反映ALS患者脑内代谢物的变化特征.     

MR氢质子波谱成像在神经上皮组织肿瘤分级中的应用

目的研究MR氢质子波谱（^1H-MRS）成像在神经上皮组织肿瘤分级中的价值。方法52例颅内神经上皮组织肿瘤患者，低级别29例，高级别23例，均行MRI及^1H-MRS检查。结果52例中，Ⅱ级9例，Ⅲ级11例，Ⅳ级12例，将Ⅱ级列为低级别组，Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级为高级别组，脂质（Lip）[乳酸（Lac）]／肌酸（Cr）、Lip（Lac）／N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）、Lip（Lac）／胆碱化合物（Cho），Lip（Lac）在组间差异有统计学意义，低级别组各代谢物比值中位数分别为0．14、0．16、0．09、0．32，高级别组各代谢物中位数分别为1．64、1．24、0．87、1．68。Lip（Lac）／Cr≤0．425为低级别肿瘤，Lip（1ac）／Cr＞0．425为高级别肿瘤，诊断敏感度、特异度、阳性予测值、阴性预测值分别为87．0％、96．6％、95.2％、90．3％。常规MR图像诊断肿瘤级别敏感度、特异度、阳性予测值、阴性预测值分别为87．0％、82．8％、80．0％、88．9％。结论^1H-MRS在神经上皮组织肿瘤分级中有一定的价值，常规MR图像结合MRS可明显提高诊断准确率。     

化学位移成像及MR波谱分析在体外水脂模型中对脂肪定量的研究

目的 评价化学位移成像(chemical shift imaging,CSI)和MRS两种方法在脂肪研究中的作用,为进一步活体实验提供定量标准.方法 在7.0 T MR成像仪上运用CSI和MRS方法对体外水脂模型进行水脂定量分析.体外水脂模型的脂肪含量从0～100%平均分成11个组,各组间浓度相差10%,分别应用水、脂肪选择性CSI和1H-MRS对体外水脂模型进行图像和波谱数据采集,对2种方法所得结果分别与实际水脂含量进行单样本t检验及相关分析并比较两种方法问的相关性.MRS计算100%油模型饱和脂肪酸(fraction of saturated fatty acids,FS)、不饱和脂肪酸(fraction of unsaturated fatty acids,FU)的相对含量及多聚不饱和程度(polyunsaturation degree,PUD).结果 CSI法测定实际脂肪含量为50%～100%的测量值分别为(48.0±1.0)%、(57.0±0.5)%、(67.3±0.6)%、(77.3 ±0.6)%、(83.3±0.6)%和(91.0±1.0)%;MRS测定实际脂肪含量为10%～60%的测量值分别为(8.3±0.6)%、(16.3±0.7)%、(27.7±0.6)%、(36.0±1.0)%、(43.5±0.6)%和(56.5±1.0)%,均轻度低估了脂肪含量,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).CSI与MRS计算的脂肪含量与实际脂肪含量间均呈线性相关(CSI:r=0.998,MRS:r=0.996;P值均<0.01);两种方法间也呈线性相关(r=0.992,P<0.01),两种方法定量脂肪含量差异无统计学意义(t=-0.125,P:0.903).MRS计算橄榄油的FS和FU相对含量分别为0.15和0.85,PUD为0.0325,与实际含量一致.结论 在7.0 T MR成像仪上,体外水脂模型证实CSI和MRS定量脂肪的准确性及在脂肪研究上的可行性.     

软组织肿瘤的MR灌注成像与MR波谱成像的比较研究

目的 通过分析软组织肿瘤同一病例相同感兴趣区的MR灌注加权成像(MR-PWI)及MR氢质子波谱(1H-MRS)的功能影像信息,比较两者用于软组织肿瘤的定性诊断价值.方法 研究同时行MR-PWI、1H-MRS的全身各部位软组织肿瘤共40例.比较MR-PWI及1H-MRS各参数在良、恶性肿瘤中的差异,进而对2种诊断方法进行评价.所获数据采用t检验或配对四格表确切概率法分析.结果 MR-PWI良、恶性软组织肿瘤的血流量(BF)值差异有统计学意义(t=2.531,P<0.05),血容量(BV)及平均通过时间(MTT)值差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为1.587和1.732,P值均>0.05);以BF值=4.35 ml·100 mg-1·min-1为阈值,MR-PWI诊断恶性肿瘤的敏感度为81.8%(18/22),特异度为72.2%(13/18).良、恶性软组织肿瘤的时间信号曲线(TIC)类型比较:Ⅰ a型在良性肿瘤中占3/18,在恶性肿瘤中占17/22;Ⅰ b型在良性肿瘤中占12/18,在恶性肿瘤中占3/22;Ⅰ c型在恶性肿瘤中占2/22.Ⅱ型在良性肿瘤中占3/18.良、恶性软组织肿瘤的胆碱(Cho)、肌酸复合物(Cr)、脂质(Lip)值差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为1.332、1.637、1.986,P值均>0.05),而Cho/Cr比值的差异有统计学意义(t=2.927,P<0.05);以Cho/Cr比值=3.22为阈值,1H-MRS诊断恶性肿瘤的敏感度为86.4%(19/22),特异度为88.9%(16/18).1H-MRS谱线比较:18例良性及17例恶性软组织肿瘤在2.0～2.1ppm(×10-6)处均未出现异常峰,而2例恶性神经鞘瘤和3例恶性纤维组织细胞瘤均在2.0～2.1ppm处出现异常峰.MR-DWI与1H-MRS用于恶性肿瘤诊断准确度的差异无统计学意义(X2=0.125,P>0.05).结论 软组织肿瘤的MR-PWI的BF值、1H-MRS的Cho/Cr比值有利于软组织肿瘤良、恶性的鉴别;软组织肿瘤的TIC形态有助于肿瘤良、恶性的鉴别.MR-PWI和1H-MRS两者用于诊断恶性软组织肿瘤的准确度无明显差异,1H-MRS诊断恶性软组织肿瘤的敏感度和特异度较高.     

H-MRS在AIDS相关痴呆临床应用

目的:探讨1 H-MRS在AIDS痴呆的临床价值.方法:对成人AIDS痴呆患者脑轴面T2 WI,T1WI,DWI以及左侧顶叶、右侧基底核团、右侧海马进行单体素MRS扫描.根据HAD分期分为二组,A组1期以下,B组2期以上,C组为正常对照组.结果:共扫描15例AIDS患者,A组10例,B组5例,C组6例.A组顶叶NAA/...     

质子MR波谱对弥漫性轴索损伤的诊断价值

目的 探讨质子MR波谱（^1H-MRS）技术在弥漫性轴索损伤（DAI）临床诊断及预后评估中的价值。方法 搜集63例符合纳入标准的颅脑外伤病例进行MRI及1H-MRS检查，根据MRI的征象将全部病例分为DAI组和非DM组，再利用单纯随机抽样法随机选择20名健康成年人作为正常对照。利用1H-MRS比较DAI组和非DAI组胼胝体膝部、压部和基底节N-乙酰天冬氨酸（NAA）／肌酸和磷酸肌酸（Cr）、胆碱复合物（Cho）／Cr、肌醇（mINs）／Cr以及谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺（Glx）／Cr等指标的差异，分析不同观察点。H-MRS指标和伤后原发昏迷时间的关系。结果 正常对照组胼胝体膝部、压部和基底节NAA／Cr和Cho／Cr分别为1．19±0．18、1．21±0．24，1．89±0．17、1．84±0．14，1．57±0．16、1．85±0．25；DAI组分别为0．83±0．24、2．92±0．78，1．25±0．35、2．54±0．42，1．33±0．17、2．38±0．44；非DAI组分别为1．11±0．23、1．61±0．33，1．61±0．22、1．93±0．26，1．49±0．23、1．89±0．29，3组间上述部位NAA／Cr和Cho／Cr差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。正常对照组胼胝体膝部、压部mlNs／Cr和GLx／Cr分别为0．20±0．03、0．24±0．04，0．27±0．04、0．31±0．04；DAI组分别为0．59±0．37、0．58±0．23，0．46±0．15、0．55±0．14；非DAI组分别为0．23±0．07、0．28±0．06，0．28±0．06、0．33±0．05，3组间上述部位mINs／Cr和Glx／Cr差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。DAI组胼胝体膝部的Cho／Cr和伤后原发昏迷时间呈正相关（r=0．824，P〈0．01）。结论1H—MRS所提供的信息对于DAI的诊断、严重程度和预后的评估，以及治疗的调整具有重要意义；1H-MRS是MRI成像技术的有益补充。     

急性胆红素脑病常规MRI及~1H-MR波谱表现

目的 探讨急性胆红素脑病(acute bilirubin encephalopathy,ABE)患儿MRI特征及脑内代谢物含量与胆红素水平相关性.方法 对28例临床确诊为ABE新生儿(病例组)和15名正常新生儿(对照组)行T_1WI、T_2WI、DWI及~1H-MRS检查.~1H-MRS检查采用定点分辨率波谱序列,病例组28例均行基底节区多体素扫描,其中15例另行苍白球区单体素扫描.对照组15名新生儿均进行多体素及单体素~1H-MRS检查,测定代谢产物包括N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)、肌酸复合物(Cr)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌醇(mI)、乳酸(Lac)、谷氨酸及谷氨酰胺复合物(Glx)浓度.并计算NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、Lac/Cr、Glx/Cr、mI/Cr比值,应用独立两样本t检验分析两组间各代谢物浓度差异.病例组按照血清总胆红素(TSB)水平分为342.0 μmol/L513.0 μmol/L 11例共3组,对3组患儿脑内代谢物浓度进行方差分析.结果 病例组中有23例在常规MRI表现为T_1WI苍白球高信号,其余5例常规MRI表现无异常.对照组15名均无异常信号出现.~1H-MRS检查病例组15例单体素成像患儿中,7例mI峰增高,mI/Cr比值为0.74±0.23,对照组为0.57±0.20,两组差异有统计学意义(t=2.13,P=0.04);13例ABE患儿Glx波峰明显增高,Glx/Cr比值单体素为1.45±0.37,多体素为0.51±0.36,对照组为0.95±0.23、0.29±0.18,两组间比较差异具有统计学意义(t值分别为4.40、2.17,P值分别为0.00、0.03).结论 双侧苍白球对称性T_1WI高信号为ABE特征性表现,~1H-MRS可见Glx/Cr、mI/Cr升高,提示相应病理生理变化.     

大鼠活体脑1.5T1H-MRS技术

目的探讨大鼠活体脑1.5T1H-MRS方法及技术参数,并评价其图像质量.方法对25只正常雄性SD大鼠进行单体素1H-MRS采用自制的提高信噪比器具,眼线圈,选用PRESS序列,以大脑胼胝体为中心设定感兴趣区,体素用6mm×6mm×6mm与6mm×10mm×6mm两种,比较NAA、Cho、Cr的信噪比及图像质量.5例大鼠在处死60min后作MRS,观测各谱峰的变化.结果MRS谱图上,脑主要代谢产物NAA、Cho、Cr等谱锋清晰,基线较平.体素6mm×6mm×6mm时主要化合物波谱信噪比显著高于体素6mm×10mm×6mm(P＜0.001),图像质量更好.5例大鼠处死后60min MRS,于1.35ppm处见特征性Lac倒置双峰,NAA、Cho、Cr下降不明显.结论1.5T MR可进行大鼠活体MRS检查,有望用于脑弥漫性病变的实验研究.