高血压患者主动脉壁间血肿特点及治疗方式选择的单中心治疗经验

目的分析高血压主动脉壁间血肿(IMH)患者的发病机制和治疗经验。方法回顾性分析2013年3月至2016年2月间就诊于本院的22例高血压伴IMH患者的临床及随访资料。结果 4例单纯性高血压伴IMH患者内科保守治疗,4例合并主动脉穿透性溃疡因病情平稳亦采用药物治疗,其余14例合并主动脉穿透性溃疡、主动脉夹层或腹主动脉瘤患者给予覆膜支架植入治疗。患者随访6个月至3年均无死亡,影像学检查提示血肿消失或明显减少,主动脉无明显扩张。结论高血压患者主动脉壁内血肿应据入院时主动脉增强CT薄层横断面扫描结果进行分型,单纯性高血压伴IMH患者可行内科保守治疗,若可见穿透性粥样硬化性溃疡或溃疡样突起病灶的急症患者建议积极行血管腔内治疗,无症状患者可行内科保守治疗。     

孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层( ISMAD)的诊断与治疗.方法 回顾性分析2009年11月至2011年12月南京医科大学附属常州第二人民医院收治的12例ISMAD患者的临床资料,总结ISMAD的影像学特征、治疗方法及预后.结果 多排螺旋CT(MSCT)检查可见肠系膜上动脉整体形态;数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查能清晰地显示ISMAD病变程度、范围,尤其是侧支循环的代偿情况.本组患者第1破口距肠系膜上动脉起始部平均距离为(2.3±1.2)cm(1～5 cm).9例患者采取保守治疗成功,3例患者保守治疗失败后采取腔内支架治疗,均无严重并发症发生.中位随访时间为3个月(2～28个月),9例患者进食完全恢复,2例患者偶有腹部隐痛不适,1例患者时有腹痛发作,但症状较轻,无需处理即可缓解.结论 MSCT与DSA检查在ISMAD的诊断与病情评估方面具有重要的临床意义.ISMAD保守治疗可取得良好的近期疗效,治疗失败的患者需要腔内介入或开腹手术治疗.     

急性Stanford B型主动脉壁间血肿的治疗

目的 探讨急性Stanford B型主动脉壁间血肿的治疗方法和预后.方法 总结2001年1月至2008年3月收治的Stanford B型主动脉壁间血肿29例的临床资料.依据以下标准将患者分为三组:(1)有主动脉硬化性穿透性溃疡;(2)血压不易控制;(3)持续胸背部不适.符合上述任何一项的患者入选为腔内治疗组(13例),其余患者归入药物治疗组(16例).腔内治疗组采用降主动脉覆膜支架置入术;药物治疗组只接受降压、止痛等内科保守治疗.结果 本组29例患者均获随访,随访时间6～89个月,平均(19±16)个月,药物治疗组16例患者3例病情进展为夹层予支架治疗,2例突发主动脉破裂而死亡,疾病恶化率为31.25%,死亡率为12.5%;腔内支架治疗组13例患者随访期间未见夹层复发、支架移位及其他并发症.总共置入覆膜支架16个.结论 急性Stanford B型主动脉壁间血肿疾病恶化率高,腔内覆膜支架置入术是积极有效的治疗方法.     

胸主动脉真性、假性和夹层动脉瘤行主动脉腔内修复术的临床和影像学研究

目的 总结胸主动脉真性、假性和夹层动脉瘤的术前诊断和腔内修复的要点,对术前、术后的主动脉CT血管造影(CTA)影像进行评估和比较,以探讨用统一的影像学指标在术前、术中、术后和随访中对病变演变和疗效进行系统评价和动态观察. 方法 48例胸主动脉瘤和夹层动脉瘤患者在术前CTA图象指导下行主动脉腔内修复术(EVR),植入覆膜支架,植入前、后做数字减影血管造影(DSA),术后定期多次做CTA随访评价疗效.所有CTA和DSA图象输入e-FilmTM软件中建立影像数据库,筛选关键层面,测量分析对比. 结果 48例共行EVR 49次,准确植入长、短支架54枚,夹层内膜破口封闭42例,胸主动脉真性动脉瘤完全隔绝2例,假性动脉瘤颈口封闭4例.术后发生不同程度的内漏9例,经相应的处理消除;因导入动脉出血抢救成功,但发生弥漫性血管内凝血、多器官功能衰竭死亡1例.随访47例,随访时间6～51个月.所有患者恢复良好,临床效果满意. 结论 EVR治疗胸降主动脉真、假性和夹层动脉瘤效果良好;夹层动脉瘤的早期诊断要点为胸痛和CTA扫描;CTA特定层面和左前斜位图象是术前评估和术后疗效评定的重要参考.     

自发性孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层的诊疗分析

目的分析自发性孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层(SISMAD)的影像学表现、治疗方案及预后。方法回顾性分析25例SISMAD患者的资料,分析其影像学特征、分型、治疗方法及随访记录。结果 25例患者中,Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱa型14例,Ⅱb型7例,Ⅲ型1例。2例无腹痛症状的患者,CTA分型为Ⅰ型,给予观察治疗。23例有症状的患者,保守治疗4例,其中Ⅱa型1例,Ⅱb型3例;血管腔内治疗18例,其中Ⅱa型13例,Ⅱb型4例,Ⅲ型1例;另有1例Ⅰ型患者经保守治疗后腹痛不缓解,复查CTA示假腔持续扩大,后转血管腔内治疗。随访时间1~43个月,中位随访时间8个月,随访期间患者均未出现腹痛等症状,CTA提示病变无进展,支架无移位并保持通畅。结论 SISMAD临床症状缺乏特异性,CTA可明确诊断并进行影像学分型,结合患者的症状,可指导临床治疗方案的制定。     

孤立性腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤的诊疗体会

目的探讨孤立性腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤的诊疗体会。方法回顾性分析2002年8月—2009年11月经手术治疗和腔内治疗的4例孤立性腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤的临床资料。患者术前均通过CT血管成像(CTA)或血管造影明确诊断,3例采用传统的腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤切除、人工血管置换术,1例行分叉型带膜支架腔内治疗。结果所有患者夹层均得到完全修复,未出现内脏动脉缺血、肾缺血、下肢缺血等并发症的发生,术后患者随访3个月至3年,效果满意。结论孤立性腹主动脉夹层发病率低,CTA是诊断腹主动脉夹层最常用的方法 ,手术治疗和腔内治疗都能取得良好的治疗效果,相比手术治疗,腔内治疗并发症少,住院时间短,但仅适用于解剖学条件良好的患者。     

孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层的分型和治疗进展

近年来, 孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层被越来越多的临床医师关注。患者发病时常表现为腹痛, 其症状、体征无特异性, 易被误诊、漏诊, 严重时可危及患者生命。影像学分型对该疾病的诊断和指导治疗有着重要意义, Sakamoto分型和Yun分型是两种经典的分型方式。随着对该病了解的不断深入, 各种新分型不断出现, 各有千秋。保守治疗曾被认为是孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层的首选治疗方式, 但随着血管腔内治疗的迅速发展和新器械的不断出现, 支架成形术后患者症状改善明显, 中长期效果满意, 有望成为该疾病的首选治疗方法。然而, 腔内治疗的远期效果仍需大样本随访资料支持, 支架植入后并发症同样不可忽视。     

自发孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层分支动脉受累特征的初步观察

目的探讨自发孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层（SISMAD）中受累分支动脉的cT血管造影特点。方法回顾性分析经双源CT动脉造影确诊的6例SISMAD患者的临床资料,对其肠系膜上动脉（SMA）分支的影像学特征进行分析。结果6例SISMAD患者中2例未出现分支动脉受累,其SMA的夹层范围局限于近中段：另4例共10支空回肠动脉可见夹层。其SMA的夹层范围均为开口近侧至SMA远端。9支空回肠动脉夹层的假腔均呈壁间血肿改变,横截面呈偏心性“靶征”,纵轴面呈“夹心”改变,另1支空回肠动脉闭塞。7支受累空回肠动脉与SMA夹层的假腔相通。受累空回肠动脉的真腔管径比明显低于SMA近中段和远段（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）。6例患者均经保守治疗好转。结论SISMAD范围广泛的病例可能更易出现分支动脉受累,而分支动脉夹层的分布与形态具有一定的自身影像学特点。     

自发性孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层的病因及治疗研究进展

自发性孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层(SISMAD)是一种特殊的在没有主动脉夹层的情况下发生的夹层。其确切病因和发病机制仍有待进一步研究。SISMAD患者的临床表现是非特异性的, 最常见的症状是腹痛。针对影像学表现, 已经提出了多种分型方案, 其最佳分型方案尚未达成共识。SISMAD的最佳治疗方式仍存在争议, 包括保守、腔内介入和外科开放手术治疗。本文将对SISMAD的病因、临床表现、影像学分型及治疗方式进行阐述。     

Stanford B型主动脉壁间血肿壁间动脉瘤近中期疗效分析

目的总结主动脉壁间动脉瘤的临床特点及近中期随访结果。方法回顾2013年9月至2015年9月本科收治的16例经全主动脉CT血管造影(CTA)检查确诊为Stanford B型主动脉壁间血肿合并壁间动脉瘤患者的临床资料,共41处壁间动脉瘤,分别在发病时和发病后1、3、6个月和1年复查主动脉CTA,观察壁间动脉瘤的变化情况和壁间血肿的吸收情况。结果 1例患者在随访3个月时壁间动脉瘤扩大,2例合并主动脉穿透性溃疡患者在随访期间壁间血肿无吸收,行胸主动脉腔内修复术治疗后1周壁间动脉瘤血栓化消失。随访3个月时,14处壁间动脉瘤消失或血栓化,7例患者壁间血肿吸收;6个月时,32处壁间动脉瘤消失或血栓化,13例壁间血肿吸收;1年时,38处壁间动脉瘤消失,3处部分血栓化,14例壁间血肿完全吸收,2例血肿大部分吸收。结论主动脉壁间动脉瘤大部分随着血肿的吸收能自愈,但临床需要与穿透性主动脉溃疡相鉴别。     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fluorescence in the Sclera,Nails, and Teeth Secondary to Favipiravir Use for COVID-19 Infections

Favipiravir, an antiviral agent originally used for influenza infections, has become popular due to its beneficial signals in coronavirus disease. It is currently used in some countries within COVID-19 treatment protocols. This is an initial report of favipiravir-related fluorescence observed in three healthcare providers working in the same ward in our hospital. All three individuals had been diagnosed with COVID-19 two months earlier and were treated with favipiravir. None of the three individuals received hydroxychloroquine or tetracyclines. Wood’s light examination led to an incidental discovery of favipiravir-induced fluorescence involving the sclera, nails, and teeth. In all patients, white linear, square, and band-like specks of fluorescence were noticed on the sclera of both eyes, some teeth, and the proximal part of all fingernails and toenails. Exposure of the eyes to the Wood’s light was for a brief duration of 3 to 5 seconds during examination and photodocumentation. Favipiravir might cause bright white fluorescence of nails, sclera, and teeth, detectable by Wood’s light even two months after its cessation.     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.