射频消融治疗肝脏肿瘤的临床效果

目的：观察射频消融（RFA）治疗原发性肝癌和肝转移瘤的近期局部治疗效果、不良反应和副作用。方法：原发性肝癌和肝转移瘤13例，病灶总数16个，采用RFA进行治疗，运用三期螺旋CT扫描评价肿瘤治疗效果。结果：13例均完成治疗，术后1～5个月CT检查随访，肝脏肿瘤直径≤3．0cm者3个，3．1～4．0cm9个，4．1～5．0cm3个，≥5．1cm1个，经RFA治疗后肿瘤完全坏死分别为3个（100．0％）、7个（77．8％）、1个（33．3％）、0（0．0）。结论：RFA治疗原发性肝癌和肝转移瘤效果好，副作用小，是安全可靠的局部治疗肝脏肿瘤的方法。     

集束电极射频消融治疗原发性肝癌疗效观察

目的 :探讨集束电极射频消融 (radiofrequencyablation ,RFA)对原发性肝癌的治疗效果 .方法 :利用RF - 2 0 0 0 TM 肿瘤射频治疗系统 ,在B超或CT引导下对 4 7例原发性肝癌患者 5 3个肿块进行肝穿刺射频热凝治疗 ,利用B超及CT检查以了解RFA治疗效果 ,并进行随访 .结果 :RFA治疗后 6 5 3% (32 /49)的肿块血供消失 ,6 6 0 % (35 /5 3)的肿块完全凝固性坏死 .其中直径小于 3cm的 2 0个肿块 (另 4个治疗前即无血供 )全部血供消失 (10 0 % ) ,2 4个肿块均呈完全凝固性坏死 (10 0 % ) .直径为 3～ 5cm的 11个肿块中 9个血供消失 (81 8% ) ,8个完全凝固性坏死 (72 7% ) ,而直径大于 5cm的肿瘤则治疗后肿块血供完全消失及完全凝固性坏死率均较低 .肿瘤直径 <5cm的患者生存期较长 .结论 :集束电极RFA治疗原发性肝癌创伤小 ,疗效可靠 ,安全 ,肿瘤越小治疗效果越好     

射频消融与手术切除治疗肝癌的疗效比较

目的比较肝癌射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)与手术切除的临床治疗效果。方法回顾分析305例临床诊断为原发性肝癌患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为射频消融组161例,手术切除组144例,根据随访结果,分析其生存情况。结果本研究结束后,肿瘤最大径≤3 cm的射频消融组与手术切除组1、2、3年生存率分别为91.0%、81.8%、63.6%和86.2%、75.9%、62.1%;肿瘤最大径4～5 cm的射频消融组和手术切除组1、2、3年生存率86.0%、68.0%、52.1%和89.6%、70.8%、60.4%;肿瘤最大径6～10 cm的射频消融组和手术切除组1、2、3年生存率69.7%、57.6%、21.1%和78.6%、60.7%、30.4%。肿瘤最大径>10 cm的射频消融组与手术切除组1、2、3年生存率分别为22.2%、11.1%、0.0%和27.3%、18.2%、9.1%。结论肿瘤直径≤3 cm,射频消融可达到手术切除的根治性治疗;肿瘤直径4～5 cm,射频消融与手术切除疗效相近;肿瘤直径6～10 cm,手术切除优于射频消融治疗;肿瘤直径>10 cm两种治疗效果都不佳。肝癌射频消融对患者创伤小、并发症少、重复性好、风险小,在肝癌治疗中有重要的应用价值。     

无水酒精注射与射频及射频综合治疗体积不等肝癌的疗效比较

目的 比较原发性肝癌无水酒精注射、射频及射频综合治疗的疗效。方法 对临床确诊的73例共89个病灶（〈3cm，Ⅰ组）行单纯瘤内无水酒精注射治疗；124例共161个病灶（〈3cm，Ⅱ组）予射频消融治疗；25例共35个病灶（〉3cm，Ⅲ组）给予单纯射频消融治疗；46例共62个病灶（〉3cm，Ⅳ组）于射频消融治疗之前分别进行了肝动脉化疗栓塞或瘤内无水酒精注射治疗。结果 Ⅰ组：术后1个月病灶完全坏死率以及术后1，2，3和5年生存率分别为76．4％、78．8％、60．4％、52.5％和33．3％：Ⅱ组分别为91．8％、93.9％、73．2％、63．5％和46．4％：Ⅲ组分别为22．9％、47．6％、42．9％和27.3％，5年仅1例存活：Ⅳ组分别为56．5％、68．6％、46，2％、36．8％和27．3％。结论 小肝癌射频消融治疗效果优于单纯无水酒精注射治疗；对〉3cm肝癌应采用综合治疗。     

介入微创治疗对肝癌患者生活质量的影响

目的评价肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）后对原发性肝癌患者生活质量的影响。方法采用TACE与中医药结合治疗及综合性护理干预,对76例巨块型及多结节型原发性肝癌患者行3～6次TACE后,欢察大体标本及显微镜下组织学改变,并随访生存率。结果TACE使瘤体最大平均直径由12．5cm缩小到3．5cm;肿瘤内可见大片坏死,坏死范围约50％～90％。随访1、2、3、5年生存率分别为85．1％、74．3％、52．7％、29．7％。结论TACE可使部分不能切除的肝癌缩小后再切除,提高手术切除率,减轻痛苦,延长生存期提高其生活质量。     

不同大小原发性肝癌射频消融疗效对比分析

目的:探讨射频消融治疗不同大小原发性肝癌的近期疗效及安全性。方法:对比分析我科射频治疗的不同大小原发性肝癌患者术前、术后的AFP定量、影像学改变及生存期、并发症。结果:经射频治疗,38例患者瘤体都有不同程度缩小、肿瘤血供不同程度减少;肿瘤≤3 cm组的全部病例都完全消融,1年生存率91.7%,2年生存率83.5%;～5 cm组完全消融病例占76.1%,1年生存率85.7%,2年生存率57.1%;>5 cm组全部病例均为部分消融,1年生存率20%,无1病例存活2年。结论:射频消融是一种疗效可靠、安全性较高的治疗原发性肝癌的方法,尤其对肿瘤≤3 cm的原发性肝癌更为有效。     

射频消融治疗小肝癌的疗效观察

目的 探讨射频消融对小肝癌(≤5cm)的治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析48例小肝癌射频消融治疗患者的临床资料.射频消融治疗术后2周行增强CT,观察灭活效果.随访6个月～7.5年,评价长期疗效.结果 术后2周42例患者达到了一次完全灭活,灭活率为87.5％.原发性肝癌患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为88.5％、71.4％、60.0％;转移性肝癌患者生存率分别为75.0％ 、45.5％、37.5％.两组患者生存率的差异有统计学意义(P=0.002).结论 射频消融治疗能实现小肝癌的有效灭活,尤其对于原发性肝癌疗效较好,具有重要临床应用价值.     

原发性肝细胞癌复发及其预防

原发性肝细胞癌（肝癌）无论是接受手术根治性切除,或是接受局部消融术治疗,术后复发均是最大的问题。肝癌根治性切除后5年复发率为32．5％～61．5％,无病生存率为16．0％-38．6％。意大利一组67例代偿性肝硬化合并直径小于或等于5cm肝癌射频消融后12、24和30月局部复发率分别为22％、38％和44％。我院自2000年起应用氩氦冷冻消融共治疗肝癌567例,对其中165例已随访3年,迄今仍生存者76例,在死亡的89例中,68例死于癌肿复发,复发率41．2％（68／165）。     

手术切除和经皮热消融治疗早期肝癌的随机对照临床研究

目的 比较手术切除和经皮热消融治疗早期肝癌的临床结果。方法 2002年4月至2005年12月，中山大学附属第一医院收治105例早期肝癌（114个结节）患者，单个结节直径≤5cm或结节数目≤3个、直径≤3cm，用单盲法（信封法）随机分为两组。分别采用开腹手术切除（54例）和超声引导经皮微波或射频消融治疗（51例）。结果 手术组和消融组比较，首次治疗肿瘤完全清除率为100％（54／54）vs94．1％（48／51），局部复发率均为0。首次远处复发平均时间4．9个月vs9．6个月（P=0．130），复发率16．7％vs27．5％（P=0．182）。1年、2年和3年无瘤生存率分别为82．4％、82．4％和82．4％vs78．5％、61．5％和51．3％（P=0．128），同期总生存率分别为91．3％、86．4％和86．4％vs93．5％、87．1％和87．1％（P=0．808）。治疗所需平均时间145min vs 27min（P〈0．005），需输血的例数7vs 0（P=0．013）。治疗相关并发症率11．1％vs7．8％（P=0．742），平均住院时间19．2dvs5．2d（P〈0．005）。治疗后第7天WHO Performance Status grades评分0～1级者，16例vs32例（P=0．001），第30天时为33例vs44例（P=0．004）。结论 对早期肝癌经皮热消融治疗可获得与手术切除相近的局部疗效和3年生存率。消融治疗具有微创、简便和经济的优点，可以考虑作为早期肝癌的首选治疗手段之一。     

射频消融联合肝动脉化疗栓塞对原发性肝癌的疗效分析

目的评价射频消融联合肝动脉化疗栓塞对原发性肝癌的治疗效果,总结治疗过程中的经验教训。方法对81例原发性肝癌患者共114个病灶进行射频消融治疗联合肝动脉化疗栓塞。术前术后患者均进行增强CT扫描,随访期间患者每2～3个月进行一次CT扫描。结果平均随访30±10.9（17～49）个月。至观察终点1、2、3年生存率分别为96.6%、93.2%和68.2%。中位生存期为34个月（95%CI：18～49月）。全组死亡24例,目前存活57例,其中35例处于疾病控制期。结论射频消融结合TACE治疗可有效治疗原发性肝癌,可延长患者的生存期。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.